RU2762645C1 - Two-resonator shf installation for continuous-flow action for defrosting and warming up animal colostrum - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in farms where cattle, horses, camels, goats, etc. are kept, for defrosting and warming up animal colostrum. A two-resonator SHF installation for continuous-flow action for defrosting and warming up animal colostrum contains a cylindrical non-ferromagnetic housing 1, a radiotransparent cylinder 5 and a dielectric solid cylinder 6 vertically arranged coaxially mounted, and a dielectric solid cylinder 6, the lateral side of which is represented by concave semi-cylinders with a radius that is a multiple of half the wavelength. The lateral side of the cylindrical non-ferromagnetic body 1 is formed by convex semi-cylinders with a diameter equal to the diameter of the concave semi-cylinder. The radio-transparent cylinder 5 and the solid dielectric cylinder 6 are rigidly mounted on a perforated non-ferromagnetic disk 7 rotating from an electric motor 3, which is located on the upper non-ferromagnetic base of the housing 1, where an out-of-limit waveguide 13 is provided for receiving raw materials, with a diameter equal to the diameter of the convex half-cylinder. To the perforated non-ferromagnetic disk 7 above the area of ​​the annular space, between the cylinders 5 and 6, from the bottom side are rigidly attached coaxially located radio-transparent truncated conical trays 12, with the inter-plate space not more than two depths of wave penetration. A conical non-ferromagnetic resonator 10 is docked to the lower base 9 of the non-ferromagnetic housing, made in the form of an annular plane, to the top of which an out-of-limit waveguide with a ball valve is attached.

EFFECT: development of a SHF installation for continuous-flow operation with two resonators, allowing to separate the processes of defrosting and heating of animal colostrum, to increase the heating rate and disinfect, to ensure electromagnetic safety and have a high intrinsic quality factor.

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Description

The proposed invention can be used in farms where cattle, horses, camels, goats, etc. are kept for defrosting and warming up animal colostrum.

Known two-cavity microwave installations of continuous flow action, such as:

1. Microwave installation for defrosting and heating bovine colostrum in continuous mode, patent No. 2732722 RF, IPC А47J.39 / 00 [1]. It is made with chains of non-traditional resonators arranged in tiers, allowing separate control of the processes of defrosting and heating of bovine colostrum by regulating the power of individual generators.

2. Microwave installation of continuous flow action with coaxially located spherical and cylindrical perforated resonators for defrosting and warming up cow colostrum. Patent No. 2734593 RF, IPC А47J.39 / 00 [2]. The cylindrical perforated resonator rotates.

3. Microwave installation of continuous-flow action with a ring resonator for defrosting and warming up cow colostrum, patent No. 2734618 RF, IPC А47J.39 / 00 [3]. It has a ring resonator, which is divided into an upper resonator for defrosting and a lower one for warming up colostrum compartments.

4. Microwave installation of continuous flow action with conical resonators with a common perforated non-ferromagnetic base for defrosting and heating cow colostrum, RF patent No. 2744423, IPC А47J.39 / 00. [4].

Disadvantages . In all these installations, the volume of the liquid fraction accumulated in the second resonator is not matched with the wave penetration depth. This means that it is difficult to achieve a high heating rate of raw materials. At a wavelength of 12.24 cm, the depth of penetration into liquid colostrum is within 1.2-1.5 cm, depending on the fat content and heating temperature. Therefore, in the second resonator, it is necessary to provide for the condition of heating a thin layer of liquid and mixing. Even with a spherical design of the first resonator [2], the total intrinsic Q-factor remains low.

Known metal-dielectric resonators [5, 6 p. 21], where the reflection from the smoothly curved boundary of the dielectric can be close to unity. The loss in reflection from a boundary with a radius of curvature of several wavelengths can be many orders of magnitude lower than in the reflection of a non-ferromagnetic material. Consequently, the intrinsic Q-factor of such resonators is several times higher than that of resonators made of non-ferromagnetic material.

The objective of the invention is to develop a microwave installation of continuous flow action with two resonators, allowing to separate the processes of defrosting and heating of animal colostrum, increase the heating rate and disinfect, ensure electromagnetic safety and have a high intrinsic quality factor.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a two-resonator microwave installation for continuous-flow action for defrosting and warming up animal colostrum contains a vertically arranged coaxially mounted cylindrical non-ferromagnetic body, a radio-transparent cylinder and a dielectric solid cylinder, the lateral side of which is represented by concave semi-cylinders with a radius multiple of half the wavelength,

in this case, the lateral side of the cylindrical non-ferromagnetic body is formed by convex half-cylinders with a diameter equal to the diameter of the concave half-cylinder,

moreover, the radio-transparent cylinder and a solid dielectric cylinder are rigidly mounted on a perforated non-ferromagnetic disk rotating from an electric motor, which is located on the upper non-ferromagnetic base of the housing, where an out-of-limit waveguide is provided for receiving raw materials, with a diameter equal to the diameter of the convex half-cylinder,

moreover, to the perforated non-ferromagnetic disk above the region of the annular space, between the radio-transparent and dielectric cylinders, on the bottom side, coaxially located radio-transparent truncated conical trays are rigidly attached, with the inter-plate space not more than two wave penetration depths,

at the same time, a conical non-ferromagnetic resonator is docked to the lower base of the non-ferromagnetic housing made in the form of an annular plane, to the top of which an out-of-limit waveguide with a ball valve is attached.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, which show:

- spatial image of a two-resonator microwave installation of continuous-flow action for defrosting and warming up animal colostrum, general view (Fig. 1);

- spatial image of a two-resonator microwave installation of continuous-flow action for defrosting and warming up animal colostrum (front view in section) (Fig. 2);

- shielding non-ferromagnetic cylindrical body with a transcendental waveguide for receiving raw materials (figure 3);

- radio transparent empty cylinder (Fig. 4);

- dielectric solid cylinder (Fig. 5);

- non-ferromagnetic perforated disk (Fig. 6);

- a conical non-ferromagnetic resonator with radiotransparent truncated conical plates (Fig. 7).

A two-resonator microwave installation for continuous-flow action for defrosting and warming up animal colostrum contains:

- shielding non-ferromagnetic cylindrical body - 1;

- the upper non-ferromagnetic base 2 of the shielding non-ferromagnetic cylindrical body 1;

- electric motor - 3;

- non-ferromagnetic shaft - 4;

- radio-transparent (for example, fluoroplastic) empty cylinder - 5;

- dielectric solid cylinder (for example, ceramic or sapphire) - 6;

- perforated non-ferromagnetic disk - 7;

- magnetrons on the surface of the shielding cylindrical body - 8;

- annular non-ferromagnetic lower base 9 of the shielding cylindrical body 1;

- conical non-ferromagnetic resonator - 10;

- magnetrons on the surface of the conical resonator - 11;

- radiotransparent (for example, fluoroplastic) truncated conical trays - 12.

- transcendental waveguide with a ball valve 13 for draining the product;

- transcendental waveguide for receiving raw materials - 14.

A two-resonator microwave installation for continuous-flow action for defrosting and warming up animal colostrum (Fig. 1, 2) is assembled from three coaxial, vertically arranged cylinders. This is an outer shielding non-ferromagnetic cylindrical body 1, a radio-transparent empty cylinder 5 (Fig. 4) and a dielectric solid cylinder 6. The lateral surface of the outer shielding non-ferromagnetic cylindrical body 1 is presented in the form of convex semi-cylinders (Fig. 3), with a radius multiple of half the wavelength, and on magnetrons 8 are installed with a shift of 120 degrees. And the lateral surface of the dielectric solid cylinder 6 is presented in the form of concave half-cylinders (Fig. 5), with a radius multiple of half the wavelength. Such configurations of a shielding non-ferromagnetic cylinder 1 and a solid dielectric resonator 6 are justified by the peculiarities of dielectric resonators, where oscillations with field variations are excited in the direction of the curvilinear coordinate around the resonator axis. Electromagnetic fields are formed by waves propagating inside the dielectric and incident on the lateral curved surface at very shallow angles. Moreover, their reflection coefficient is close to unity [6, pp. 20-21].

On the upper non-ferromagnetic circular base 2, an electric motor 3 and an out-of-limit waveguide 14 for receiving raw materials are installed, it is installed above the annular space between the radio-transparent empty cylinder 5 and the dielectric solid cylinder 6. The lower base of the non-ferromagnetic cylindrical body 1 is an annular non-ferromagnetic base 9 and a rotating non-ferromagnetic base installed inside it perforated disc 7 (Fig. 6). To the outer edge of the annular non-ferromagnetic base 9 is attached a conical non-ferromagnetic resonator 10 with its top downward, and magnetrons 11 are installed to the side surface of the resonator 10 with a shift of 120 degrees along the perimeter of the base. Radiotransparent truncated conical trays 12 are installed coaxially inside the conical non-ferromagnetic resonator 10 (Fig. 7). The interplate space is not more than two depths of wave penetration into liquid colostrum. The wavelength is 12.24 cm (frequency 2450 MHz). An out-of-limit waveguide 13 with a ball valve for draining the product is attached to the top of the conical resonator 10.

The technological process of defrosting and warming up animal colostrum in a two-resonator microwave installation for continuous-flow action is as follows.

Colostrum frozen in silicone containers should be removed from the freezer and removed from silicone containers. Moreover, when frozen, the container with colostrum has a cylindrical shape.

Turn on the electric drive 3 to rotate the perforated non-ferromagnetic disk 7 together with the solid dielectric cylinder 6 and radio-transparent truncated conical plates 12.

Load through the receiving transcendental waveguide 14 frozen colostrum bars into the openings of the dielectric solid cylinder 6, in the process of its movement. Switch on the microwave generators, the magnetrons 8 of which are located on the side surface of the shielding non-ferromagnetic cylindrical body 1. After that, a microwave electromagnetic field (EMPHF) is excited in the space of the non-ferromagnetic body 1. Under the influence of EMPH, the frozen raw material is defrosted (defrosting occurs) while moving inside the volume of the shielding non-ferromagnetic housing 1, the liquid fraction flows through the perforated non-ferromagnetic disk 7 into the space between the radio-transparent plates 12 located in the conical non-ferromagnetic resonator 10. Such layer-by-layer separation of the liquid plates using radio transparent 12 increases the heating rate of the raw material, since the thickness of the raw material does not exceed two depths of wave penetration. Further, should include microwave generators (magnetrons 11), the emitters of which are directed in a conical cavity 10, whereupon EMPSVCH excited, the liquid feed is heated to a temperature of 36-38 ^{° C} and poured through ultraboundary waveguide 13, the capacity of which is regulated by a ball valve. In a conical non-ferromagnetic resonator 10, an electric field of high intensity (above 1.0-1.5 kV / cm) is excited, therefore, low-temperature disinfection of colostrum occurs. The use of transcendental waveguides, the dimensions of which are matched to the wavelength, and a conical non-ferromagnetic resonator provide electromagnetic safety. In this case, the power of the radiation flux should be no more than 10 µW / cm ² during the working day.

A temperature sensor is installed near the ball valve in the transcendental waveguide.

The space inside the non-ferromagnetic cylindrical body 1 serves as a metal-dielectric resonator. Microwaves are kept inside a polarizable dielectric, for example, ceramics, sapphire, etc., due to a sharp change in the dielectric constant on the surface, and are reflected between the sides of the dielectric solid cylinder 6 and the shielding non-ferromagnetic cylinder [5]. Microwaves form standing waves. Ceramic or sapphire has a high dielectric constant and low dissipation factor. The resonant frequency is determined by the structural dimensions of the resonator and the dielectric constant of the material (ceramic or sapphire). A metal dielectric resonator works in the same way as non-ferromagnetic cavity resonators, but radio waves are reflected by a large change in dielectric constant, and not by the conductivity of the non-ferromagnetic resonator material, where the surface becomes reflectors, but with losses (skin layer). The reflective surface is the interface between raw materials with a dielectric constant greater than unity and air.

Due to the small value of the dielectric loss tangent of the dielectric (see Table 1), metal-dielectric resonators have a higher intrinsic Q-factor than resonators made of non-ferromagnetic material. In addition, the small value of the tangent of the dielectric loss angle allows you to reduce losses. These dielectrics withstand high mechanical stress.

Table - Electrical properties of dielectrics

Parameters Sapphire Ceramics Specific electrical resistance, Ohm⋅ / cm ² 10 ¹¹ -10 ¹⁶ 10 ¹¹ -10 ¹⁵ The dielectric constant 10-11.5 6-12 Dielectric strength, kV / cm 400 250 Dielectric loss tangent 10 ^-4 3⋅10 ^-4 - 3.2⋅10 ^-2

Sources of information

1. Patent No. 2732722 RF, IPC А47J.39 / 00. Microwave installation with unconventional resonators for defrosting and heating cow colostrum in continuous mode / A.A. Tikhonov, A.V. Kazakov, G.V. Novikova, M.V. Belova, O. V. Mikhailova, D.A. Tarakanov, applicant and patentee NGIEU (RU). - No. 2020107761; declared 11/26/2019. Bul. No. 27 dated September 22, 2020. - 14 p.

2. Patent No. 2734593 RF, IPC А47J.39 / 00. Microwave installation for defrosting and warming up cow colostrum with coaxially located resonators / G.V. Novikova, M.V. Belova, O. V. Mikhailova, D.V. Tarakanov, I.A. Sorokin,

A.A. Tikhonov, A.V. Kazakov, applicant and patentee of NGIEU (RU). - No. 2020104252; declared 01/30/2020. Bul. No. 29 dated 20.10.2020. - 14 p.

3. Patent No. 2734618 RF, IPC А47J.39 / 00. Microwave installation with a ring resonator for defrosting and warming up cow colostrum / G.V. Novikova, A.A. Tikhonov, A.V. Kazakov, M.V. Belova, O. V. Mikhailova, D.A. Tarakanov, applicant and patentee NGIEU (RU). - No. 2020105315; declared 02/04/2020. Bul. No. 3 dated October 21, 2020. - 14 p.

4. Patent No. 2744423 RF, IPC А47J.39 / 00. Microwave installation of continuous flow action with conical resonators for defrosting and warming up cow colostrum / G.V. Novikova, M.V. Prosviryakova, O. V. Mikhailova, I.M. Zamyatin, A.A. Tikhonov, D.V. Tarakanov, applicant and patentee NGIEU (RU). - No. 2020131230; declared 09/10/2020. Bul. No. 7 dated 09.03.2021. - 10 p.

5. Dielectric resonator [electronic resource]. - Access mode:

ru.other.wiki › wiki / Dielectric_resonator (date of access 05/21/2021).

6. Dielectric resonators. Edited by M.E. Ilchenko. - M .: Radio communication, 1989 .-- 328 p.

Claims (5)

A two-resonator microwave installation for continuous-flow action for defrosting and warming up animal colostrum contains a cylindrical non-ferromagnetic housing, vertically arranged coaxially mounted, a radio-transparent cylinder and a dielectric solid cylinder, the lateral side of which is represented by concave semi-cylinders with a radius multiple of half the wavelength, in this case, the lateral side of the cylindrical non-ferromagnetic body is formed by convex half-cylinders, with a diameter equal to the diameter of the concave half-cylinder, moreover, a radio-transparent cylinder and a solid dielectric cylinder are rigidly mounted on a perforated non-ferromagnetic disk rotating from an electric motor, which is located on the upper non-ferromagnetic base of the housing, where an out-of-limit waveguide is provided for receiving raw materials, with a diameter equal to the diameter of the convex half-cylinder, moreover, to the perforated non-ferromagnetic disk above the area of the annular space, between the radio-transparent and dielectric cylinders, on the lower side, coaxially located radio-transparent truncated conical trays are rigidly attached, with the inter-plate space of no more than two wave penetration depths, at the same time, a conical non-ferromagnetic resonator is docked to the lower base of the non-ferromagnetic housing made in the form of an annular plane, to the top of which an out-of-limit waveguide with a ball valve is attached.

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