RU2724004C1 - Rail vehicle parking brake - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rail vehicles.SUBSTANCE: parking brake of rail vehicle comprises steering wheel installed on end of deflecting shaft with self-braking worm, which can be disengaged by interaction with worm wheel and rigidly fixed to it drum on common axis of rotation, fixing device and handle for fixing deflecting shaft of composite rod connected to brake lever transmission, passing through intermediate unit, allowing to change direction of its movement and position of connection point with brake lever transmission.EFFECT: technical result is increase in efficiency and reliability when fixing rail vehicle on road slopes when parking brake is actuated by implementing normalized manual force from steering wheel to braking lever transmission, providing reliable pressing of permissible worn brake pads to wheels without additional adjustments of brake linkage, simplification of parking brake design, provision of quick release after parking brake is actuated.3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to railway transport and relates to the device of parking brakes, manually operated on freight cars and platforms, including those intended for high-speed transportation, and on non-self-propelled special rolling stock.

Known drive manual parking brake of a rail vehicle containing a worm with a helm that can be disengaged, a cylindrical gear to increase the gear ratio of the drive in series with a worm gear, on the input shaft of which a lever is transmitted, transmitting the force through the brake lever transmission to the pads / 1/.

A disadvantage of the known manual parking brake drive of a rail vehicle is the limited movement of the linkage of the brake linkage, which makes it impossible to ensure that the allowable worn brake pads are fully pressed against the wheels when braking using the manual parking brake drive without additional adjustment of the brake linkage.

In addition, in this drive on the drive shaft of the worm gear a gear is installed, which is meshed with a gear wheel mounted on the driven shaft together with a lever that transmits the force through the brake linkage to the pads, which not only complicates the manufacture of the drive, but also requires the use of materials with increased strength.

A parking brake of a rail vehicle is known, comprising a steering wheel, a thrust, a brake cylinder, a braking mechanism, a worm-and-pinion gear, adapted to transmit forces from the rotation of the steering wheel through a worm, a gear associated with a worm and a gear rack, a gear rack, a brake rod cylinder and brake mechanism / 2 /.

The disadvantages of the known parking brake of a rail vehicle include insufficient movement of the linkage of the brake linkage, limited by the length of the gear rack, which may not provide full pressure on the permissible worn brake pads to the wheels, as well as the inability to quickly release after applying the parking brake, since the worm rack and pinion gear is self-braking.

A known manual parking brake of a rail vehicle, adopted as a prototype, containing a cylindrical gear and traction, further comprising a drum for winding traction, driven by said cylindrical gear and connected to the traction, while the traction is made in the form of a cable / 3 / .

A disadvantage of the known manual parking brake drive of a rail vehicle is the lack of horizontal movement of the first shaft with the drive gear to enter and disengage the drive gear with the driven gear to provide quick release of the parking brake after it has been applied.

Another disadvantage of this drive is the lack of a quick release control knob for fixing the first shaft when the drive gear is engaged with the driven gear in the working brake position and for disengaging in the quick release position.

The disadvantages indicated in the analogues related to the limited movement of the traction, requiring additional adjustments of the brake linkage, the complexity of manufacturing, the need to use materials of increased strength, the inability to quickly release after braking by the parking brake, were eliminated in the claimed parking brake of a rail vehicle.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase reliability when securing a rail vehicle on track slopes when applying the parking brake by realizing a normalized manual force from the steering wheel to the brake lever gear, ensuring reliable pressing of the permissible worn brake pads to the wheels without additional brake lever gear adjustments, simplification design of the parking brake, providing quick release after applying the parking brake.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the parking brake of the rail vehicle comprises a steering wheel mounted on the end of the deflecting shaft, on the other end of which there is a self-braking worm, which can be disengaged when interacting with the worm wheel mounted on the frame of the rail vehicle and rigidly fixed with it a drum with the possibility of rotation in a horizontal plane on a common axis of rotation, a locking device and a handle for fixing the deviating shaft during rotation around the axle, a composite link connected to the brake linkage, while the composite link passes through an intermediate unit, allowing you to change the direction of its movement and the position of the connection point with the brake linkage and consists of a rigid longitudinal rod adjustable in length by means of a coupling and a steel rope connected to the drum, the length of which corresponds to the movement of the composite rod during parking braking, with a maximum wear of brake pads, and the general axis of rotation of the worm wheel with a rigidly fixed drum is mounted on sliding bearings, while the diameter of the drum is in the range from 50 to 400 mm with a gear ratio between the worm wheel and the worm from 72 to 82.

The composite link may consist of a rigid longitudinal link adjustable in length by means of a clutch connected to the brake linkage and connected to the drum by a chain, the length of which corresponds to the movement of the composite link when braking by the parking brake at the maximum wear of the blocks, and the general axis of rotation of the worm wheel with a rigidly fixed drum can be mounted on rolling bearings.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings:

- in FIG. 1 shows a top view of the parking brake of a rail vehicle;

- in FIG. 2 shows a side view of a worm wheel and a parking brake drum of a rail vehicle rigidly fixed thereto on a common axis of rotation.

The parking brake of the rail vehicle (Fig. 1), contains a steering wheel 1 mounted on the end of the deflecting shaft 2, on the other end of which there is a self-braking worm 3, interacting with the worm wheel 4 mounted on the frame 5 (conditionally shown) of the rail vehicle, drum 6, rigidly fixed to the worm wheel 4 with the possibility of rotation in a horizontal plane on a common axis of rotation 7 (Fig. 2), a locking device 8 and a handle 9 for fixing the deflecting shaft 2 when rotating around the pin 10, a composite rod 11 connected to the brake lever gear (not shown) of a rail vehicle.

The composite link 11 passes through the intermediate unit 12 and consists of a rigid longitudinal link 14 adjustable through the clutch 13 of the link rod 14 connected to the brake linkage and connected to the drum 6 of the steel rope 15, and the common axis of rotation of the worm wheel 4 with the fixed drum 6 is installed on plain bearings 16.

To obtain high efficiency of the parking brake, which allows to fix the rail vehicle with the maximum permissible axial load on the normalized slopes of the rail track, the diameter of the drum 6, rigidly fixed with a worm wheel 4 and mounted on a common axis of rotation 7, must be in the range from 50 to 400 mm when the gear ratio between the worm wheel 4 and the worm 3 from 72 to 82.

If necessary, increase K.P.D. the parking brake of a rail vehicle, the common axis of rotation 7 can be mounted on rolling bearings (not shown in the drawing), and the composite link 11 may consist of a rigid, adjustable longitudinal link 14 and a connection to the drum 6 in the form of a chain (not shown in the drawing).

The parking brake of a rail vehicle operates as follows.

When fixing the rail vehicle on the rail, including the path with normalized inclines, the handle 9 of the locking device 8 is put into the braking position, in which the worm 3 is engaged with the worm wheel 4, after which the normalized manual force rotating the steering wheel 1, which is fixed on the end of the deflectable shaft 2, by means of a worm 3 located on the other end of the shaft 2, the worm wheel 4 is mounted in rotation, mounted on the frame 5 of the rail vehicle. Together with the worm wheel 4, the drum 6 rigidly fixed with it rotates, winding the steel rope 15 or the chain of composite traction and transmitting the manual force applied to the helm by means of a rigid longitudinal rod 14 to the brake linkage, in which the manual force is realized in the form of pressing brake pads on the wheels of a rail vehicle.

When you change the position of the elements of the brake linkage associated with the operational wear of the brake pads, the amount of depression of the brake pads from the action of the parking brake does not decrease, since the length of the steel cable 15 or chain, which is part of the composite rod 11, corresponds to its movement at the maximum wear of the pads, and the other part of the composite rod 11 in the form of a rigid longitudinal rod 14, adjustable in length by means of a sleeve 13, allows to reduce the sagging of the steel rope 15 or chain to the required minimum, which ensures minimal loss of KPD

For quick release of the parking brake after putting it into action, the handle 9 of the locking device 8 is moved to the release position, in which the deflecting shaft 2 is rotated around the pin 10 and the worm 3 disengages from the worm wheel 4, and then under the reaction of the brake lever transmission of the rail vehicle from the normalized manual force previously applied to the helm when securing the rail vehicle on the rail, including the action of the force from the brake cylinder (the standard element of the brake linkage) compressed when the release spring is applied, all the elements of the brake linkage are returned to starting position.

Thus, the proposed technical solution for the device of the parking brake increases reliability and provides high efficiency when securing the rail vehicle on the slopes of the track when the parking brake is activated by the implementation of the normalized manual force from the steering wheel to the brake lever gear, which does not depend on the wear of the pads or changes in the position of the elements of the brake linkage.

One of the advantages of the claimed parking brake of a rail vehicle lies in the possibility of changing the direction and level of transmission of force applied to the helm with minimal loss of KPD, which provides convenience when arranging the device on a rail vehicle and increases the level of safety during its operation .

A particular advantage of the claimed parking brake of a rail vehicle is its high efficiency, which allows to fix the rail vehicle with the maximum allowable axial load on the normalized slopes of the rail track, which is achieved by selecting the diameter of the drum, rigidly fixed on a common axis with a worm wheel, in the range from 50 to 400 mm with a gear ratio between the worm wheel and the worm from 72 to 82

Providing quick release of the parking brake after putting it into action allows it to be used on all rail vehicles designed for operation in freight and utility trains.

The proposed parking brake of a rail vehicle can be applied on special non-self-propelled rolling stock, freight cars and platforms, including those intended for high-speed transportation, where stable high efficiency and reliable operation of the parking brakes are especially required.

при нормируемом ручном усилии.As a result of using the proposed parking brake on an experimental cargo universal gondola with unloading hatches of model 12-9905 and on an experimental platform for high-speed transportation of model 13-6704, they are reliably fixed on track inclines of at least

with standardized manual effort.

Sources of information:

1. RU, utility model patent No. 105246 U1 “Drive of the hand-held parking brake of a rail vehicle”, IPC V61H 13/02, publ. 06/10/2011.

2. RU, utility model patent No. 183375 U1 “Parking brake of a rail vehicle”, IPC B61H 13/02, B61H 13/20, publ. 12/25/2017.

3. RU, utility model patent No. 186020 U1 “Drive of the hand-held parking brake of a rail vehicle”, IPC V61H 13/02, publ. 12/26/2018.

Claims (3)

1. The parking brake of a rail vehicle, comprising a steering wheel mounted on the end of the deflectable shaft, on the other end of which is a self-locking worm, which can be disengaged when interacting with a worm wheel mounted on the frame of the rail vehicle and a drum rigidly fixed thereto with the possibility of rotation in a horizontal plane on a common axis of rotation, a locking device and a handle for fixing the deviating shaft during rotation around the axle, a composite link connected to the brake linkage, characterized in that the composite link passes through an intermediate unit, allowing you to change the direction of its movement and the position of the connection point with the brake linkage, and consists of a rigid longitudinal link adjustable in length by means of a coupling and a steel rope connected to the drum, the length of which corresponds to the movement of the composite link when braking with a parking brake with extreme wear pads, and the general axis of rotation of the worm wheel with a rigidly fixed drum is mounted on sliding bearings, while the diameter of the drum is in the range from 50 to 400 mm with a gear ratio between the worm wheel and the worm from 72 to 82. 2. The parking brake of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the composite link may consist of a rigid longitudinal link adjustable in length by means of a clutch connected to the brake linkage and a chain connected to the drum, the length of which corresponds to the movement of the composite link when parking brake brake with extreme wear pads. 3. The parking brake of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the common axis of rotation of the worm wheel with a rigidly fixed drum can be mounted on rolling bearings.

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