RU2700773C2 - Method for preparation of sows for farrowing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cattle breeding.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to livestock sector and represents a method for preparation of sows for farrowing, involving the use of vitamin-mineral preparations, characterized by that sows 45 days before farrow are administered intramuscularly single complex vitamin preparation Aquitin in dose of 0.35 ml per 10 kg and simultaneously in the main ration is introduced Aleksanat Zoo in dose of 40 ml per head per 1 l of water for 14 days.

EFFECT: declared invention is effective for prevention and prevention of stress in sows before farrowing and after, enables to produce healthy piglets and improve their safety.

1 cl, 4 dwg, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to agricultural production, in particular to veterinary medicine and pig farming, and can be used for immunocorrection and normalization of metabolic processes in pregnant sows, as well as to increase live weight and the safety of newborn piglets in large complexes and in farms.

The well-known "feed additive and method of feeding pigs using this additive" (see RF Patent No. 2305413), including the use of flour from fat-free secondary waste from complex processing of durum wheat by cold pressing with a fat content of 5-8% as an additive for sows and their offspring, while pregnant sows, the additive is introduced into the diet 45-60 days before farrowing at a dose of 5-10 g per head once a day with the feed. The invention allows to increase the gain and safety of young animals. The limitation of the method is the duration of administration and the lack of calcium in the supplement.

Also known is the "Method of feeding farm animals and poultry", which includes the introduction of a biologically active additive in the diet, which uses ginseng sediment, which is introduced into the diet in an amount of 1-2.5 ml per 1 kg of live weight, which helps to increase the average daily gain 26.8-30.8% compared with the control, and feed consumption is 4.56-4.62 feed units per 1 kg of growth. The method is quite effective, since there is a significant increase in animal productivity, but has limited use (RF Patent No. 1311697, class A23K 1/16, 1984), since ginseng is grown for a long time and is quite expensive plant material.

Also known is the "Method for the correction of immunobiochemical homeostasis of deep-sowing and lactating sows", which consists in the fact that they use intramuscularly the drug metallosuccinate in doses of 1.5-5.0 ml. Moreover, deep-sows metallosuccinate is administered on the 80th and 97th day of gestation at a dose of 5.0 ml (see RF Patent No. 2393848). The disadvantage of this method is the complex composition, including ASD. The drug is not mass-produced.

The objective of the invention is to expand the range of tools for the prevention and preparation of sows for farrowing to increase the safety and productivity of piglets with calcium deficiency in animals with a minimum of time and money using serial domestic preparations of a wide spectrum of action by optimizing immunobiochemical homeostasis in deep sows.

The problem is solved by the fact that, after conducting a literature review, analysis and patent search, taking into account search experiments and laboratory experiments, a method is proposed and tested in which sows are administered intramuscularly once a complex vitamin preparation Aquitin at a dose of 0.35 ml per 10 s intramuscularly 45 days before farrowing kg and at the same time additionally, the calcium-containing preparation Aleksanat Zoo is introduced into the main diet at a dose of 40 ml per head of concentrated solution per 1 liter of water for 14 days, while sows are administered Aquitik - manufactured by MOSAGROGEN ZAO, Moscow (Russia) and Aleksanat Zoo - containing mineral elements in the form of micelles, density - 1400-5500; concentration (g / l): calcium 280-320, magnesium 10-20, iron 0.1-0.5, zinc 1-2, iodine 0.02-0.04, silicon 1-2, copper 0.2- 0.4, manufactured by ZAO Petrokhim, Belgorod (Russia).

Aquitin is a complex vitamin preparation in the form of a solution for injection. In the preparation, vitamins A, D ₃ , E and C are in the form of a water-dispersion system. 1 ml: retinol (vitamin A) - 70,000 ME; α-tocopherol (vitamin E) 70 mg; cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) -10000 ME; ascorbic acid (vitamin C) - 100 mg; excipients: cremophor, tween - 80, water d / i - up to 1 ml. The use of Aquitin ^® prevents and compensates for the deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D ₃ , E) and ascorbic acid, helping to normalize metabolism, stimulate the growth and development of animals. Aquitin ^® according to the degree of exposure to the body according to the classification, GOST 12.1.007-76 belongs to hazard class 4 (low-hazard substances).

Aleksanat Zoo - a natural carbonate mineral, contains mineral elements in the form of micelles. Composition: density - 1400-5500; concentration (g / l): calcium 280-320, magnesium 10-20, iron 0.1-0.5, zinc 1-2, iodine 0.02-0.04, silicon 1-2, copper 0.2- 0.4.

To study the possibility of activating and correcting the immune system of sows, metabolic function and eliminating hormonal imbalance, increasing the gain in live weight of piglets born, studies were conducted on the use of the drug Aquitin together with the feeding of the drug Aleksanat Zoo. The animals were clinically monitored during the experiment, incidence, growth rate, and mortality were taken into account.

For research, 2 groups of animals of 10 animals were formed.

Sows from the experimental group were injected once intramuscularly with aquitin at a dose of 0.35 ml per 10 kg of body weight and additionally Aleksanat Zoo was introduced into the main diet at a dose of 40 ml of the mother solution per head for 14 days. Sows from the control group received the main diet. The total duration of the experiment was 60 days.

The main research results are presented in tables 1 and 2.

Studies have shown that the combined use of aquitin and Aleksanat Zoo according to the proposed method had a stimulating effect on pig hematopoiesis. After farrowing in the experimental group, the content of red blood cells and hemoglobin was 16% and 12.7% higher than in the control group (Fig. 1).

FIG. 1 - The content of hemoglobin in sows with the combined use of aquitin and Aleksanat Zoo.

After farrowing, there was a change in the number of T and B lymphocytes. In the experimental group, the level of T and B-lymphocytes was 3.70 × 10 ⁹ / L and 2.81 × 10 ⁹ / L, which was 1.5 and 1.3 times higher than in the control group, respectively (Fig. 2 )

FIG. 2 - The content of T and B lymphocytes in sows with the combined use of aquitin and Aleksanat Zoo, 10 ⁹ / L.

The T / B index in animals in the experimental group after farrowing was 1.2 times higher than in the control group. The use of drugs contributed to an increase in this index, that is, testified to the activation of the immune system.

The phagocytic activity of neutrophils (FA) in animals in the experimental group was 43%, which was 1.2 times more than in the control (Fig. 3).

FIG. 3-Phagocytic activity in sows with the combined use of aquitin and Aleksanat Zoo.

Analyzing the biochemical blood parameters in pregnant sows (Table 2), changes characteristic of the physiological state were noted, which was expressed in a tendency to a decrease in the content of total protein, albumin, globulins, creatinine, urea, uric acid, CPK _total. and glucose and an increase in aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, cholesterol and iron. Moreover, immunosuppression was noted in sows in the control group, expressed as a decrease in the globulin fraction compared to the background and values in the experimental group by 1.4 and 1.3 times (Fig. 4) and an increase in the albumin-globulin index of 1.3 and 1, 4 times respectively.

FIG. 4. - The content of total protein and protein fractions in sows with the combined use of aquitin and Aleksanat Zoo.

The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a marker of various processes, including pathological ones, and also reflects the intensity of energy processes. In the experimental group, the level of lactate dehydrogenase activity tended to increase to the physiological norm (492.0-672.0 U / L) and was higher than the background and control values by 1.3 and 1.9 times, respectively, which indicates a more active metabolism . In the control group there was a decrease in energy processes, which was manifested by lower values of this indicator.

The lipolysis processes in animals in the experimental group proceeded less intensively, which was expressed in a 2.4-fold decrease in triglycerides, and in the control group, a 1.3-fold increase was noted relative to the background value (0.41 mmol / L), which may be associated with lower glucose values in the control group, which led to the stimulation of lipolysis.

Indicators of total bilirubin (Table 2) in animals in the experimental group were consistent with a higher content of red blood cells, which was associated with severe hematopoiesis. Due to the increased synthesis of hemoglobin, the iron content in the blood of pigs in the experimental group was 10.3% lower than in the control group (30.18 μmol / L), which is associated with the active capture of iron for the synthesis of hemoglobin molecules. That is, in the animals in the experimental group there was an intensive utilization of old red blood cells, which led to an increase in the content of total bilirubin in blood serum relative to the background and control values by 1.4 and 1.6 times, respectively.

In pregnant sows with the combined use of aquitin and Aleksanat Zoo, normalization of metabolic processes occurred, which was manifested in a less pronounced decrease in total protein, globulins and glucose compared with the control. Along with this, the experimental group noted a more pronounced decrease in creatinine and uric acid - by 11.4% and 12.4% compared with the control, which was associated with a more intense excretory ability of the kidneys.

The level of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase in animals after farrowing increased: in the control group by 34.8% and 71.2%, in the experimental group by 12% and 63.8%, respectively, which may indicate a less pronounced load on the biliary system in pigs from the experimental group.

The mineral metabolism in pregnant sows in the experimental group was lower compared to the control: calcium - 1.3 times and phosphorus - 2 times, which may indicate a pronounced assimilation of calcium and phosphorus by bone tissue; iron - 1.1 times, which is associated with more active capture of iron for the synthesis of hemoglobin molecules.

In pregnant sows, after farrowing, a decrease in the cortisol content relative to the background (201.80 nmol / L) occurred. In the experimental group, this indicator was less than the control by 12.2%.

It was found that the average body weight of newborn piglets in the experimental group of sows amounted to 0.949 kg, which is 12.7% more than in the control - 0.842 kg (Table 3).

Analyzing the performance of piglets, after 30 days, the average body weight of piglets in the control group was 5.48 kg, experimental - 6.07 kg, which was 10.8% more. The safety of piglets in the experimental group was 92.5% and was 7.6% higher than in the control group (Table 3).

Summarizing the above, it can be concluded that the combined use of aquitin and Aleksanat Zoo according to the proposed method had a protective effect and made up for the deficiency of essential elements, vitamins and calcium due to the increased need for them in pregnant sows, especially when the immunosuppressive state is induced by the toxic effects of anthropogenic pollutants in technogenic territories, which makes it possible to obtain more healthy young growth and contributed to an increase in average daily weight gains ate and preserved piglets received from sows.

A positive effect of the use of drugs can be considered a decrease in the amount of cortisol relative to the control (160.17 nmol / l) in experimental animals.

The introduction of drugs according to the proposed method had a significant impact on the productivity of the born piglets. In the group using Aquitin and Aleksanat Zoo, the highest rates of live weight and daily average growth were noted. In piglets in the experimental group, the average body weight of one piglet was 6.07 kg, which was 10.8% more than in the control group, respectively.

Thus, in animals in the experimental group, in comparison with the control, redox processes proceeded more intensively, which was confirmed by an increase in the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin. The immunostimulating effect of the immune system was noted, which was manifested in an increase in the T and B indices - the cell link, circulating immune complexes, and the phagocytic activity of neutrophils.

Thus, the integrated use of aquitin and Aleksanat Zoo in the proposed method had a positive effect, expressed in increasing the performance of the immune system and metabolism.

The invention enhances the immune system, has a protective effect and compensates for the deficiency of essential elements, vitamins and calcium, which in turn helps to prevent and prevent stress in sows before and after farrowing.

The novelty of the method is the complex combined use of aquitin and Aleksanat Zoo in the declared doses and terms for pregnant sows with an unobvious effect in the form of an increase in weight gain and the safety of the born piglets.

Numerous studies carried out allow us to recommend the use of the proposed method in the diet of pregnant sows both in large pig farms and in private and private farms.

Claims (1)

      A method of preparing sows for farrowing, including the use of vitamin-mineral preparations, characterized in that sows are administered intramuscularly once a complex vitamin preparation Aquitin at a dose of 0.35 ml per 10 kg intramuscularly 45 days before the farrow and at the same time, Aleksanat Zoo is additionally introduced into the main diet dose of 40 ml per head per 1 liter of water for 14 days.

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