RU2691898C1 - Rotary drive of sucker rod pumps - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to equipment for oil production from bore wells. Drive comprises rotary engine and drive for electric power generators. Rotor engine is made in the housing and consists of at least two rotor sections separated by a partition wall, one of which is connected to the synchronizer section through the partition. Each rotor section is formed by a housing with two inner adjacent cylindrical bores. Rotors are fitted on shafts in every cylindrical bore with clearance from cylindrical bore inner surface. Each rotor is made with ledge in the form of involute tooth and with recess to form working chamber between rotors of each section, inner surface of cylindrical bores and projections of rotors of working chamber. In the rotary engine housing there are steam supply and discharge channels connected to the steam supply and discharge pipelines, and in the partitions between the sections there is a steam transition channel. Above each well vertical guides are installed with rod installed inside, connected to tubing pints of each well. Each rod of each guide is equipped with a slider. Each slider is connected to shaft by means of crank and connecting rod. Slides with cranks and connecting rods in guides are arranged so that during shaft rotation they move in different directions. On the shaft there installed are reduction gears for drive of electric power generators, which are remote from the wellhead. Rotor engine is connected via a pipeline to a separator made in the form of a reservoir with a coil located inside and connected to the pipeline. On one side, the separator tank is connected to the check valves via a pipeline. On the other side by means of pipeline it is connected to boiler house. Separator tank is communicated via pipeline with reservoir. Rotor drive, utilizing APG, generates electric energy for its own needs, and for third-party consumers.EFFECT: simplifies design of mechanical drive of rod pump, increases reliability and durability, simplifies installation and commissioning, reduces prime cost of oil production.6 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the invention relates.

The invention relates to equipment mainly for the extraction of oil. In particular, to the technology of oil production from boreholes, and especially effectively in remote places of oil production, where most of the associated gas is burned aimlessly, while there are laying new long power lines at high voltage and installing its own transformer substation. Such lines usually have large losses of electricity, and transformers have a low load factor, which significantly increases the cost of oil production. Perhaps the use of mines for pumping water using methane emitted.

The level of technology

At present, oil is produced almost everywhere by means of pumps: screw, piston, centrifugal, jet, the main drives for which are electric motors less frequently engines that run on diesel fuel. At the same time, new technologies and equipment are being created for hard-to-recover reserves of raw materials and residual oil.

Nevertheless, the leading role in oil production still belongs to the balancer pumping units, which have been used in the oil fields of Russia and abroad for almost a century. In special literature, these machines are more commonly referred to as sucker rod pump drives located at the bottom of a well. But the abbreviation PSNG is not particularly acclimatized, and they are still referred to as rocking machines. According to many oilmen, until another truly more reliable and easy-to-maintain equipment has been created, than these drives.

It is known that pumping units can be balanced and bezbalansirnye. The main components of the known balance structures are the frame, the stand in the form of a truncated tetrahedral pyramid, the balancer with a swivel head, the traverse with the connecting rods, pivotally suspended from the balancer, the gearbox with cranks and counterweights. The rocking machine is equipped with a set of interchangeable pulleys to change the number of swings, i.e. discrete regulation. For changing and tensioning the belts, the electric motor is mounted on a rotating frame-sled. Disadvantages: excessive metal content; the complexity of installation, commissioning, maintenance; increased unit costs of electrical energy.

In balanceless drives (RU 2445511): the reciprocating movement of the rods is carried out with the help of chains or ropes thrown over sprocket pulleys mounted on a pyramid-support inclined to the wellhead. The cable suspension (or chain) is attached to the rods, and the other end to the crank of the gearbox.

Balanceless rocking machines are balanced by counterweights, mounted on the crank. However, they did not find wide distribution. basically have the same drawbacks as balancing pumping units, having advantages in energy consumption. But at the same time the approach of the electric motor to the wellhead increases the fire hazard.

Also known hydraulic actuators (RU 2344319, F04B 47/08, 07.27.2008), consisting of a long cylinder and a piston moving in it, connected directly to the rod string. The cylinder is mounted vertically above the wellhead. The reciprocating movement of the piston and rods is achieved by switching the fluid flow pumped by the power pump with a slide valve device. However, long stroke cylinders and pistons are difficult to manufacture.

The disadvantages also include: the drive is an electric motor, the limitation on the depth of the descent of the pump (the deeper, the higher the probability of breakage of the rods); small pump flow; restriction on the slope of the wellbore and the intensity of its curvature (not applicable in inclined and horizontal wells, as well as in highly curved vertical wells).

The main disadvantages of all known methods of oil production in large fields are: high demand for electrical energy, taking into account the infrastructure; solid volumes of aimless burning of associated gas, especially in hard-to-reach places; excessive metal consumption; the complexity of the installation, balancing and maintenance of each installation for the extraction of oil.

Summary of Invention

The objective of the invention is to eliminate these disadvantages with regard to the use of associated petroleum gas while simplifying the design of the drive in a closed cycle, increasing its reliability and durability by applying a rigid kinematic connection with each other with a decrease in the number of its movable structural elements, as well as the claimed technical solution is aimed at solving the complete problem utilization of associated petroleum gas at the site not only for the self-service of oil production, but also for the generation of electricity for infrastructure and even third-party consumers, reducing fire danger.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to simplify the design of the drive sucker pump, increasing its reliability and durability, simplifying installation and commissioning.

The technical result of the claimed invention is achieved due to the fact that the drive sucker rod pumps, containing a rotary engine, and a drive for electric power generators, while the rotary engine is made in the housing and consists of at least two rotor sections separated by a partition, one of which through a partition connected to the synchronizer section, each rotor section being formed by a housing with two internal adjacent cylindrical bores, and in each cylindrical bore with a clearance from the inner surface of the cylindrical bore rotors on the shaft (11) and shaft (12), respectively, and each rotor is made with a protrusion in the form of an involute tooth and with a notch to form a working chamber between the rotors of each section, the inner surface of the cylindrical bores and the protrusions of the working chamber rotors, at the same time in the case of the rotor engine there are channels of steam supply and removal connected to the supply pipeline and the pipe of removal of steam, and in the partitions between the sections a steam transition channel is made, with each Vertical guides with a rod installed inside the well connected to the pump rods of the pump-compressor pipes of each well are installed, and each rod of each guide is provided with a slide and each slide is connected to the shaft (12) respectively by the crank and connecting rod (12), respectively, and sliders with cranks and connecting rods in guides, arranged in such a way that, when the shaft rotates, they move in different directions, while gears are installed on the shaft (11) to drive electric generators remote from the mouth of generators energy, while the rotary engine is connected to a pipe (16) with a separator, made in the form of a tank with a coil located inside and connected to a pipe (16), the capacity of the separator is connected on one side by a pipe (22) to non-return valves (23) oil and associated gas only in one direction from the wells into the separator tank, and on the other hand, via a pipeline (13), is connected to the boiler house, while the separator tank (14) is also connected by a pipeline (20) to a tank.

In the particular case of the implementation of the claimed invention, the drive is mounted on a lightweight spatial frame mounted on piles, or on the foundation between two wells, on an offshore platform built for drilling, or it can also be mounted on a chassis on a crawler or pneumatic drive.

In the particular case of the implementation of the claimed invention, the energy source for a rotary engine is associated petroleum gas.

In the particular case of the implementation of the claimed invention, the synchronizer section contains synchronizer gears mounted on the short and long shafts.

In the particular case of the implementation of the claimed invention, the shafts are made with the possibility of changing the length.

In the particular case of the implementation of the claimed invention, the long shaft (12) is installed on additional supports with bearings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Details, features, and advantages of the present invention follow from the following description of the embodiments of the claimed technical solution using the drawings which show:

FIG. 1 - drive downhole pump mounted between two wells

FIG. 2 - section along AA

FIG. 3 - rotary engine in operation (functioning);

FIG. 4 - rotary engine at dead center.

In the figures, the numbers denote the following positions:

1 - guides; 2 - slider; 3 - crank; 4 - rod (polishing rod); 5 - connecting rod; 6 - steam supply pipeline; 7 - housing; 8 - working chamber; 9 - rotor; 10 - housing cover (stator); 11 - short shaft; 12 - long shaft; 13 - pipeline APG; 14 - oil and gas separator; 15 - space frame; 16 - exhaust steam pipeline; 17 - coil; 18 - piping of the exhaust steam to the boiler; 19 - tank for oil; 20 - separated oil pipeline; 21 - sump oil pipeline; 22 - reservoir of reservoir oil; 23 - check valve; 24 - sludge pipeline; 25 - wellhead fittings with a manifold; 26 - angular gearbox: 27 - generator drive shaft; 28 — generator: 29 — synchronizer gears; 30 - partition; 31 - a protrusion in the form of an involute tooth: 32 - a notch.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

A fundamentally new technical solution is proposed for oil production from two wells at the same time by one installation located between the wells, and the electric motors are replaced with fireproof drives, the energy source for which is steam produced by burning associated gas outside the rotary mechanical drive of the rod pump and fed through a pipeline to the engine.

The drive of a downhole sucker-rod pump contains a rotary engine, as a drive for two wells and a drive for electric power generators. The source of energy is associated petroleum gas.

The drive of a borehole sucker-rod pump of two wells can be installed on a lightweight spatial frame (15) mounted on piles or on the foundation between two wells, on an offshore platform constructed for drilling, or it can also be installed on a chassis on a crawler or pneumatic drive.

Further, according to the description, the essence of the priority version of the drive of a borehole sucker pump of two wells, mounted on a spatial frame (15) mounted on piles or on the foundation between two wells, is disclosed. The drive also comprises a rotary engine mounted on said frame (15).

The rotary engine is made in the housing (7) and consists of two rotary sections separated by a partition (30). One of the rotor sections is also connected through a partition to the synchronizer section. Each rotor section is formed by a housing with two internal adjacent cylindrical bores, in each cylindrical bore with a gap from the inner surface of the cylindrical bore rotor (9) is mounted on the shaft (11) and shaft (12), respectively. The rotors (9) are mounted on the shafts with the possibility of rotation in opposite directions. The synchronizer section contains, mounted on the short and long shafts (11 and 12), gears (29) of the synchronizer.

In the casing (7) of the rotor engine, on opposite sides directly along the border of the adjacent cylindrical bores, steam inlet and outlet channels are connected to the inlet pipe (6) and the vapor outlet pipe (16).

Each rotor (9) is made with a protrusion (31) in the form of an involute tooth and with a notch (32) with the formation between the rotors (9), the inner surface of the cylindrical bores and the protrusions of the rotors (9) of the working chamber (8). On the walls of the protrusions (31) presses the steam, forcing the rotors (9) to rotate, and accordingly the shafts (11 and 12) in opposite directions.

Pipeline (6) from the combustion of associated gas in the boiler house, remote from the drive to the fire safety distance (not shown), steam through a channel in the housing (7) is fed into the working chamber (8) between two parallel cylindrical bores in which they rotate rotors (9), when the projections (31) approach the depressions (32), the pressure on their walls ceases (dead point), and the steam freely leaves the working chamber (8). In order to overcome the dead point without a flywheel and steam, the channel is directed to the next section located through the partition (30) in which the protrusions (31) and cavities (32) of the rotors perceive the vapor pressure because shifted along the axis of rotation. The steam, exerting pressure on the protrusions (31) of the rotors, rotates the shafts 11 and 12 and the synchronizer sections (29) placed on them that synchronize the rotation of the rotors can perform the functions of a gear pump.

In this case, the shafts (11 and 12) can be extended or shortened, if necessary, by means of couplings, ratchets, flanges and other known methods, taking into account the installation of additional supports with bearings. This simplifies the installation of a rotary rocker between existing wells.

The working elements are the protrusions (31), in the process of rotation, they enter the recesses (32) of the adjacent rotor (9) of the appropriate configuration, ensuring unhindered rotation of the rotors (9). The shafts (11 and 12) rotate in rolling or sliding bearings mounted in the housing cover (10). For long shafts, additional racks with bearings can be installed.

Vertical guides (1) are installed above each well; each guideline is made with a rod (4) installed inside and connected to pump-compressor tubing rods (not shown) of each well. At the same time, each rod (4) of each guideline is provided with a slider (2) and each slider (2) is connected to the shaft (12) by means of the crank (5) and the connecting rod (3), respectively. At the same time, the slide blocks (2) with cranks and rods in the guides are arranged in such a way that, when the shaft (12) rotates, they move in different directions. At the same time, in each guide slide (2), it reciprocates in diametrically opposite directions, transferring it to the polishing rod, which is located in the wellhead with a manifold (25) and connected to the pump-compressor tubing rods according to a well-known scheme (in the images not shown)

A long shaft (12) on one side of the drive rotates the crank (5) which actuates the connecting rod (3) of the pump of one well, and at the same time on the other side of the connecting rod (3) performs the same function on the second well in the opposite direction with an offset of 180 degrees The slider (2) of each well reciprocates along the guides (1) in diametrically opposite directions. While the slider (2) of one well raises the rod (4), the second slider (2) lowers the rod (4) with which it is connected to the wellhead with the manifold (25). In this way, balancing the rods (4) on both wells without counterweights occurs.

The difference in the length of the shafts allows on a short shaft (11) through an angular gear (26) or pulleys, chains, to additionally install generators (28) of electrical energy at a considerable distance from the installation by means of a shaft (27).

Instead of a crank mechanism, other known mechanisms can be used: a hinged - lever, rocker, in particular, Chebyshev, Hoiken, Lipkin - Posselye, Watt, Sarrus, Scottish, batten and other known devices for turning the rotational movement into reciprocating. Given their diversity, the drawing is not shown.

The pipeline (16) exhaust steam is sent to the oil and gas separator (14). In this case, the separator is a tank with a coil (17) installed inside. The capacity of the separator is connected by a pipeline (22) with a check valve (23), ensuring the flow of oil and associated gas only in one direction from the wells into the container of the separator (14). The pipeline (16) is connected to the coil (17) of the separator (14). The coil (17) cools the exhaust steam. The cooled steam through the pipeline (18) is sent to the boiler room and can be additionally cooled with atmospheric air or forcibly known methods (fan, water tank) and the steam, having turned into water, enters the steam boiler. In this case, as a result of cooling of the exhaust steam, the incoming oil and associated gas are heated in the separator tank (14). The capacity of the separator (14) is connected via a pipeline (13) to a boiler room (not shown). The heated associated gas, as a lighter fraction, enters the boiler room through the pipeline (13) and, burning, turns the water into steam, which through the pipeline (6) enters the rotary engine. And oil as a heavier fraction from the separator tank (14) enters the reservoir tank (19) via pipeline (20), from where pipeline 21 produces the raw material emulsion output, and through pipeline (24) oil is pumped into pumps for additional purification or in oil pipelines for transportation.

By using rocking at the same time for two wells without gears, the energy consumption required only for lifting the weight of well fluids is reduced, because the weight of the lifting rods in one well is synchronously balanced by the weight of the descending rods in the other opposite well. In addition, the mobile rotary rocking chair not only successfully dispenses with lines for the supply of electrical energy, but can also independently generate electrical energy provided the generators are connected to the rotor shafts.

The engine has a large moment of force with small dimensions, and, accordingly, a low specific coefficient of metal intensity. No foundation required. Commissioning is simplified. Due to the fact that the working elements of the engine cycle occur with liquid-vapor-liquid phase transitions and this occurs throughout the cycle, and when using exhaust steam to heat fractions in an oil and gas separator taking into account steam cooling there, the units are compact, and the efficiency closed loop high.

In this case, the rotary engine runs on steam coming through the pipeline when burning associated gas in the boiler room outside the installation, reduces the fire hazard, eliminating sparking, and the exhaust steam is used to heat the oil. In addition, the rods of each well, in addition to the main function, play the role of counterweights and, simultaneously self-balancing, reduce the specific intensity of metal and reduce energy consumption.

Operation of the device: during the alignment of the protrusion (31) of one rotor (9) with the notch (32) of the other rotor (9), the exhaust steam passes into the adjacent section and through the channel 16 is sent to the oil and gas separator (14) to heat the fractions using a coil (17 ), where oil flows with a mixture of associated gas from wells through a pipeline (22) with a check valve (23) which ensures the flow of the oil and gas mixture in one direction only.

The cooled steam through the pipeline (18) is sent to the boiler room and, additionally cooled, with atmospheric air or forcibly known methods (fan, water tank) and the steam, turning into water, enters the steam boiler.

The heated associated gas, as a lighter fraction through the pipeline (13) enters the boiler room and, burning, turns water into steam, which through the pipeline (6) enters the rotor rocking chair. And the oil, as a heavier fraction from the separator (14), flows through the pipeline (20) into the tank (19), from where it is pumped through the pipeline (21) into tanks or into oil pipelines for transportation.

Work on associated gas, simplicity of construction with a minimum of interacting elements, quick installation with ease of balancing, low specific intensity, reliability in operation, the possibility of automation, ultimately, reduce the cost of oil production.

In addition, the rotary drive of a downhole sucker-rod pump provides electricity for the oil production site, and can supply other points with existing pumping units with existing power lines, before converting them to rotary pumps. At the same time, the additionally isolated rotor drive motors of a wellbore sucker-rod pump, along with the rotor-driven sucker-rod pump, can only be used to generate electricity as a power station. For this, it is enough to use both shafts as drives for electric power generators.

The claimed drive is effective at well and double-row well locations and offshore areas, taking into account rapid commissioning, especially when delivered by helicopter.

The drive of a downhole sucker-rod pump can be manufactured in any industrial enterprise, but it is advisable to produce it in specialized enterprises of the oil and gas complex, taking into account the gradual replacement of pumping units.

Claims (6)

1. Drive a downhole sucker-rod pump containing a rotary engine and a drive for electric power generators, characterized in that the rotary engine consists of at least two rotor sections separated by a baffle installed in the housing, one of which is connected to the synchronizer section through a baffle each rotor section is formed by a housing with two internal adjacent cylindrical bores, and in each cylindrical bore with a gap from the inner surface of the cylindrical bore mouth rotors on short and long shafts respectively, each rotor made with a protrusion in the form of an involute tooth and with a notch to form a working chamber between the rotors of each section, the inner surface of the cylindrical bores and the protrusions of the rotors of the working chamber, while supply channels are made in the case of the rotor motor and steam removal, connected to the supply pipeline and the steam removal pipeline, and the steam transition channel is made in the partitions between the sections, with vertical channels installed above each well e guides with a rod installed inside, connected to the pump rods of the tubing pipes of each well, and each rod of each guide is provided with a slider, and each slide is cranked by means of a crank and a connecting rod with a shaft, while sliders with cranks and connecting rods in the guides are arranged to movements in different directions when the shaft rotates, while gearboxes are installed on the short shaft to drive remote generators of electrical energy remote from the mouth, while the rotary engine water is connected to a separator, made in the form of a tank with a coil located inside and connected to the exhaust steam pipeline, the separator tank is connected on one side with pipelines to non-return valves providing flow of oil and associated gas only in one direction from the wells to the separator tank, and on the other side through a pipeline connected to the boiler, while the capacity of the separator is also connected by pipeline separated oil to the tank. 2. The drive according to claim 1, characterized in that it is installed on a lightweight space frame mounted on piles or on the foundation between two wells, on an offshore platform constructed for drilling, or it can also be mounted on a chassis on a crawler or pneumatic drive. 3. The drive according to claim. 1, characterized in that the source of energy for the rotary engine is associated petroleum gas. 4. The drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the synchronizer section contains synchronizer gears installed on the short and long shafts. 5. The drive according to claim. 1, characterized in that the shafts are made with the possibility of changing the length. 6. The drive according to claim. 1, characterized in that the long shaft is installed on additional supports with bearings.

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