RU2688500C1 - Aircraft simulator (flight simulator) of boeing 737 aircraft - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: entertainment equipment.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of entertainment equipment, in particular, to attractions that simulate piloting of aircrafts, and is intended exclusively for civil commercial use as an entertainment attraction. Pilot aircraft simulator includes a body, a dynamic platform and a ramp. Body is rigidly fixed on the upper frame of the dynamic platform and represents a prefabricated metal frame with fiberglass panels fixed on it. In the body there is a visualization system including a spherical projection screen and three video projectors, an acoustic system, a model of the cabin of the aircraft with a passenger zone and a technical zone for access to various systems of the simulator. Dynamic platform includes top and bottom frames with bearing assemblies installed on them and six electromechanical drives. In cockpit mockup there are control units and seats of pilots. Gangway comprises a power compartment with elements for connection to the electric mains and a block of automatic protection devices, as well as a server compartment including sources of uninterrupted power supply and four computers with software.EFFECT: proposed is aircraft simulator (flight simulator) of Boeing 737 aircraft.3 cl, 19 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of entertainment equipment, in particular, amusement, simulating piloting of aircraft, and is intended solely for civilian commercial use as an entertainment attraction.

In the prior art, various devices are known that affect the human sense organs, such as those that one experiences in real conditions (for example, patents RU51775, RU76154). For devices that simulate the control of aircraft, characterized by the presence of several degrees of freedom of movement of the pilot's seat (for example, US2011039235). Some simulators create the illusion of predominantly horizontal flight (US2010028837, US2008034678, GB 2423032, GB 2449214). Hydraulic systems allow you to tilt the seat or cockpit at different angles in accordance with the position of the controls and the image on the monitor screen.

A simulator for piloting training is known (patent RU114206, IPC G09B9 / 12, published March 10, 2012), which is aimed at creating a feeling of overload and movement in space that simulates all the nuances of the movement of technology. This is achieved by using a kinematic system with electromechanical drives, ensuring unlimited free running of the simulator cabin in roll, pitch, rotation around its axis.

The disadvantages of the known devices are the low level of the audio and visual component, the low level of imitation of the conditions of real flight.

The aircraft piloting simulator is known, including a cockpit containing a pilot's seat, motion controls, a video device, a pitch rotation frame, a base with stands, pitch and axial rotation mechanisms, where the cockpit is installed inside the pitch rotation frame and can be rotated around its longitudinal axis, and The frame is installed between the base posts by means of two bearing assemblies. The frame of pitch rotation contains a fork connected to the cabin by means of a bearing assembly made on silent blocks and a ring perpendicular to the plane of the fork which surrounds the cabin; outside the cabin are located around the circumference, at least three rollers installed with the possibility of rolling but the mentioned ring; and bearing units of the base posts are made on silent blocks (patent RU130733, IPC G09B 9/08, A63G 31/00, publ. 07.27.2013).

The disadvantages of the known simulator are the following: low level of acceleration component, limited displacements in the longitudinal and transverse planes (pitch and roll), vertical axis (imitation of the fall-lift), as well as low energy efficiency and complexity of the design.

The objective of the invention is the creation of an entertainment attraction - a simulator piloting of an aircraft (aircraft simulator) for civilian commercial use to simulate the effects felt by the pilot in the cockpit of a real aircraft.

The technical result is an increase in the impact on the human senses, similar to those experienced in real conditions, due to the high level of audio, video and acceleration components.

The task is solved, and the technical result is achieved by the aircraft piloting simulator, including the body, the dynamic platform and the ladder, while the body is rigidly fixed on the upper frame of the dynamic platform and is a modular metal frame with fiberglass panels attached to it, creating the outer shell of the simulator body, and housing is a visualization system for transmitting the visual environment, including a spherical projection screen and three video projectors, acoustic system for creating an acoustic background, containing a multi-channel integrated power amplifier and loudspeakers, aircraft cockpit layout, ventilation and air conditioning systems, a passenger area with passenger seats installed in it, a technical area for accessing various systems of the simulator, and a dynamic platform includes upper and lower frames installed on these are bearing units and six electromechanical drives, each of which is controlled by its controller, which receives a control signal through the interface CAN, as well as providing the associated drive with power supply, while the cockpit has a central control panel, a pedestal, an overhead head, a steering unit, a pedals unit, pilot seats, an engine control lever unit, and the ladder includes a power compartment with elements for connection to the power grid and the automatic protection unit, as well as the server compartment, including uninterruptible power supplies, four computers with special software, the first computer containing an air simulator program, video signal for a central projector and real-time miscalculation of a mathematical model of a virtual aircraft; the second computer contains an aviasimulator program that performs the function of creating a video signal for the left projector by acquiring data on the position of the aircraft from the first computer, and displays the rear-view corrected horizontal plane 70-75 ° to the left, the third computer contains a program-simulator that performs the function of creating a video signal for the right projector n retrieving the aircraft’s position from the first computer and displays a cab environment corrected horizontally from 70-75 ° to the right, while these computers are in the same local network that allows the first computer to send location data to the second and third computers, in addition , contain software that allows you to "stitch" three video signals into a single seamless image and distort it in such a way that it looks correct for a spherical projection, while The fourth computer contains a program that monitors all control and management bodies in the simulator's cabin layout and is configured to exchange data with the aircraft simulator program in the first computer and transfer acceleration data and the spatial position of the aircraft to a dynamic platform control program interpreting the data to be sent. controllers of a dynamic platform in order to calculate in real time the required position of the dynamic platform, its speed and acceleration by calculating eniya position and moving speed of each of the six rods of electromechanical actuators dynamic platform so as to allow their set to take the required position across the platform at a predetermined speed and acceleration.

 According to the invention:

- as a prototype aircraft used aircraft Boeing 737-800;

- elements for connection to the electrical network are made in the form of a socket for connection to a three-phase electrical network.

 The technical result is achieved as follows.

An aviation simulator (flight simulator) simulates the conditions of a real flight, reproducing the nuances of controlling a real aircraft. The simulator simulates the visual, acoustic and acceleration situation in the aircraft control cabin by receiving the appropriate signals from computer programs modulating the image, sound, movement of the aircraft, and reproducing these signals on the corresponding equipment - acoustic system (sound), video projectors with a projection screen (visual information) and a dynamic platform (acceleration effects). It provides an increased sense of piloting reality, creating a feeling of overloading and moving in space with imitation of all the nuances of the movement of technology, creating a spherical video projection of the aircraft surrounding the cockpit (cockpit), a high level of tactile sensations when interacting with the aircraft management bodies.

The invention is illustrated diagrams and drawings, which show:

in figure 1 a), b), c) - a general view of the simulator,

a) side view;

b) isometric view;

c) top view;

in figure 2. - flight simulator ladder (general view);

in fig. 3 - gangway - view of the outlet for connection to the network;

in fig. 4 - gangway - view of the power compartment;

in fig. 5 - server and power compartments are shown;

in fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the interaction of the aircraft simulator systems;

in fig. 7 a), b), c) - a dynamic platform (a - side view, b - isometric view, c - top view)

in fig. 8 - flight simulator case;

in fig. 9 - aircraft simulator housing, showing the frame and plating;

in fig. 10 - a flight simulator case, showing the frame and elements of the visualization system;

in fig. 11 - the flight simulator case, the elements of the visualization system and the cockpit elements are shown;

in fig. 12 - video projectors;

in fig. 13 - elements of a cabin (cockpit) are shown;

in fig. 14 - the right side panel of the cabin (cockpit);

in fig. 15 - pilot's seat - general view;

in fig. 16 - shows the pilots position adjustment knobs

(a - view on the right side, b - view on the left side);

in fig. 17 - technical area;

            on Fig - system air flow into the housing;

in fig. 19 - the air removal system from the body of the simulator and audio system.

The simulator consists of the following main parts (figure 1):

1 - Gangway

2 - Dynamic platform

3 - flight simulator case.

The ladder 1 is a structure (Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5), made of a metal frame 4 and sheeting from sheet metal 5.

The design of the ladder consists of a base 6, a superstructure 7 and a lifting bridge 8. At the base of the ladder 6 there are doors for access to the power 9 and server 10 compartments. To move the ladder 1 is equipped with removable wheels 11, and for fixing - screw supports 12. Supports 12 are under removable covers 13. For safe lifting, ladder 1 is equipped with handrails 14 and steps 15 with an anti-slip coating glued on them. On the basis of the ladder 6 installed panel 16 controls the lifting / lowering of the dynamic platform 2 and the bridge of the ladder 8.

The gangway performs the following functions:

• Rise on steps 15 from the floor level to the level of the entrance zone of the enclosure of the automation 3.

• Hardware cabinet functions.

 The gangway is equipped with a socket 17 for connection to a three-phase electrical network. Inside the ladder 1 are equipped with special places for the installation of electrical components: block 18 of the network protection circuit breakers, uninterruptible power supply units 19, which provide the avi-simulator with power supply in case of a sudden power outage, computers 20, 21, 22, 23, which are responsible for the avi-simulator software part, 24 control unit dynamic platform, a system of 25 ventilation and cooling of the elements of the equipment cabinet, as well as brake resistors 26 of a dynamic platform.

From the ramp 1 there are cables 27 connecting the controllers 24 with electromechanical drives 28 of the dynamic platform 2, as well as a wiring harness 29 that goes into the body 3 of the simulator to ensure the operation of video projectors 30, 31, 32 and flight control simulation system 33 (FIG. 6) .

Dynamic platform 2 consists of two metal frames: the top 34 and bottom 35, and electromechanical actuators 28 in the amount of 6 pcs. (Fig. 7). The lower frame 35 of the dynamic platform is rigidly fixed to the floor, while the upper frame 34, having 6 degrees of freedom, carries the body 3 of the simulator. Bearing units are installed on the lower and upper frames: lower bearing assemblies 36 and upper bearing assemblies 37. Both frames 34 and 35 are connected to each other via electromechanical actuators 28, which are mounted on the axis of the bearing assemblies. Electromechanical actuator 28 are devices that carry out linear movement of the rod relative to the body, as a result, when the aircraft simulator is in operation, the upper frame 34 moves with the body 3 of the simulator mounted on it relative to the lower frame 35.

The body 3 of the simulator includes a shell 38 of the body with the visualization system installed in it and the cockpit (cockpit) 39 of the Boeing 737 aircraft (Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Fig. 10, Fig. 11, Fig. 12, Fig. 13).

The shell 38 of the body of the simulator consists of a metal frame 40 and fiberglass skins 41 of the body.

The visualization system consists of three video projectors 30, 31, 32, which project the video sequence during flight simulation onto a three-section spherical fiberglass plastic screen 42.

The cockpit layout 39 is a replica of the original cockpit of the Boeing 737 aircraft and consists of: a metal cockpit frame 43, cockpit fiberglass elements 44, pilot seats 45, passenger seats 46, helm assembly 47, pedal assembly 48, engine control unit (engine control levers) 49 and 33 flight control simulation systems.

Passenger seats 46 are installed in the rear of the cockpit and serve to accommodate passengers.

The steering unit 47 serves to control the flight simulator through the roll and pitch channels and is a full-featured replica of the original steering wheels of the Boeing 737 aircraft. The forces applied to the steering wheels correspond to the efforts of the original steering wheels.

Pedal assembly 48 serves to control the yaw simulator and is a full-featured replica of the original controls of the Boeing 737 aircraft. Pedal assembly 48 consists of two units connected with each other by rods to ensure synchronous operation. The forces applied to the pedals correspond to the efforts of the original pedals.

The RUD 49 block is used to control the engines, hand (parking) brakes, flaps and air brakes during flight simulations on an aircraft simulator and is a copy of the original RUD block.

The flight simulation system 33 includes: a central control panel 50, a pedestal 51 and an overhead 52. The central control panel 50, a pedestal 51 and an overhead 52 is a layout of modular control units. Each control unit is assembled in accordance with the characteristics and features of the original. The functionality of all controls corresponds to the description in the flight manual of the flight manual (FCOM) of a real aircraft.

The fiberglass elements 44 of the cockpit define the interior of the cockpit model of the Boeing 737 aircraft. On the side panels there are knobs (Tiller) 53 controlling the rotation of the nose landing gear, and on the right side panel the Tiller 53 is duplicated for the instructor. Also there are installed USB-chargers 54, cup holders 55 (Fig. 14). On the left panel there is an imitation of the oxygen mask 56 panel. On the right panel (for the instructor) there is a control panel 57 for sound and bringing the simulator into working / parking condition. On the ceiling panels are lights 58 navigational lights and a compass 59.

The seats of the pilots 45 are a replica of the original seats of the pilots of the Boeing 737 aircraft. The seats 45 consist of the base 60, the seat 61, the backrest 62, the armrests 63 and the head rest 64 (FIG. 15).

The chairs have the following organs for adjusting the position of the chair: the chair 65 for adjusting the chair in the longitudinal direction, the handle 66 for adjusting the chair for height, the handle 67 for adjusting the backrest tilt, the handle 68 for adjusting the height of the backrest, the handle 69 for adjusting the lumbar support (Fig. 16). The armrests can also be moved to a vertical position to facilitate seating in the chair.

The space between the body of the simulator and the cockpit is a technical area. It serves to access the aircraft simulator systems for their installation and service. For safe access to video projectors (for their maintenance), special non-slip steps 70 and handles 71 are installed in the technical area.

The air exchange system of the aircraft simulator provides air flow through the standard air vents in the cockpit, as well as the upper hood through the upper shell of the flight simulator and includes two main parts: air conditioning (inflow) and exhaust hood. The main layout of the air conditioning ducts is made in the underground space. In the pilot's cabin, air is supplied through the pilot's cockpit air ducts 72, in the passenger seat area, air is supplied through air ducts 73 (Fig. 18). Air is diverted from each of the three projectors 30, 31, 32 and from the passenger seat area using air ducts 74 with fans. The exhaust system also includes a ventilation duct 75, to which air ducts 74 with fans are connected (Fig. 19).

The audio system provides the transmission of an audio sequence (sound of engines, control system warning signals) during flight simulation. A multichannel assembly based on the integrated power amplifier 76 and loudspeakers 77 was chosen as the audio system.

Aviation simulator works as follows.

Lifting bridge of the ladder 8 is lowered to ensure the landing / disembarking of the crew in the body of the flight simulator 3 and rises during the simulation flight.

Computers 20, 21, 22, 23 are equipped with special software. Computer 21 contains a flight simulator that performs two main functions: it creates a video signal for the central video projector of the projector 31, and also calculates the mathematical model of a virtual aircraft in real time. Computer 20 contains exactly the same program-simulator, which performs only the function of creating a video signal for the left video projector 30, by obtaining data on the position of the vessel from the computer 21, and displaying the cabin environment corrected in the horizontal plane by 70 degrees to the left. Computer 22 is similar, but creates a video signal for the right video projector 32, with the same correction to the right. These computers are in the same local network, which allows computer 21 to send location data to computers 20 and 22. Also, all of these computers have special software installed that allows you to "merge" three video signals into a single seamless image and distort it in such a way that it looks correct with spherical projection. Computer 23 contains a program that monitors all control and management bodies in the physical cabin of the aircraft simulator and sends this data to computer 21, to the flight simulator. Thus, if the fuel pumps were disconnected in the physical cabin, these data will go to the aircraft simulator program, which will turn off the fuel pumps in the virtual aircraft, which will stop the engines, disable a number of onboard systems, drastically reduce the current speed of the vessel, and, accordingly, affect on the nature of the further flight of the aircraft. At the same time, the tracking program will receive feedback from the aircraft simulator, and will turn on warning lights for the fuel system, engines and other systems in the cockpit, as well as an emergency sound alarm for pilots. The second function of the tracking program is to transmit data on the accelerations and the spatial position of the vessel to the control program of the mobility system. The latter, based on this data, interprets them for sending to the dynamic platform controllers 24, namely, it calculates in real time the required position of the upper frame 34 of the dynamic platform (FIG. 7), its speed and acceleration by calculating the coordinate and speed of movement of the rod of each of the six electromechanical actuators 28 so that their combination will allow the upper frame 34 of the dynamic platform to take the necessary position with a given speed and acceleration. The dynamic platform control program sends each controller a task to move the corresponding drive.

Dynamic platform 2 serves to simulate acceleration effects, such as aircraft tilts, acceleration overload, passage of concrete joints of the runway, etc. During landing / disembarking the crew, dynamic platform 2 is in the lower (parking) position. After landing the crew, the instructor special switch in the cockpit of the simulator translates it into position. In this case, the bridge of the ladder 8 is first lifted to the upper position, after which the upper frame of the dynamic platform 34 with the body 3 of the simulator 3 mounted on it is lifted to the working position. After completing the flight simulation, the instructor also places the aircraft simulator in the parking position with a special switch. At the same time, the upper frame of the dynamic platform 34 with the body 3 of the simulator mounted on it is in the parking position, then the bridge of the ramp 8 is lowered. After that, the crew can leave the body 3 of the simulator.

Thus, the use of the invention makes it possible to increase the impact on the human sense organs, similar to those that it experiences in real conditions, due to the high level of audio, video and acceleration components.

Claims (3)

1. Simulator piloting the aircraft, including the body, the dynamic platform and the ladder, while the body is rigidly fixed to the upper frame of the dynamic platform and is a modular metal frame with fiberglass panels attached to it, creating the outer shell of the simulator body, and in the body are the imaging system for transmission of the visual environment, including a spherical projection screen and three video projectors, acoustic system for creating acoustic background, containing multichannel integrated power amplifier and loudspeakers, aircraft cockpit layout, ventilation and air conditioning systems, passenger area with passenger seats installed in it, technical area for access to various systems of the simulator, and a dynamic platform includes upper and lower frames with mounted bearing units and six electromechanical drives, each of which is controlled by its controller, receiving a control signal via the CAN interface, as well as providing an associated drive electric crying, while in the cockpit layout the central control panel, pedestal, overhead, steering wheel, pedal assembly, pilot seats, engine control levers are installed, and the ladder includes a power compartment with elements for connection to the power grid and a unit of automatic circuit breakers, as well as server compartment, including uninterruptible power supplies, four computers with special software, the first computer containing an air simulator program creating a video signal for the central projector and leading real-time calculation of the mathematical model of a virtual aircraft; the second computer contains an aviasimulator program that performs the function of creating a video signal for the left projector by obtaining data on the position of the aircraft from the first computer, and displays the cab environment corrected in the horizontal plane by 70-75 ° to the left The third computer contains an air simulator program that performs the function of creating a video signal for the right projector by obtaining data on the position of the aircraft. and from the first computer it displays the cab environment, corrected in the horizontal plane by 70-75 ° to the right, while the specified computers are in the same local network that allows the first computer to send location data to the second and third computers, in addition, contain software that allows “Stitch” three video signals into a single seamless image and distort it in such a way that it looks correct on a spherical projection, while the fourth computer contains a program that tracks all control and management bodies in the simulator's cabin layout, and is designed to exchange data with the aircraft simulator in the first computer and transmit the acceleration and attitude data of the aircraft to the dynamic platform control program interpreting the data to be sent to the dynamic platform controllers with the purpose of calculating in real time the required position of the dynamic platform, its speed and acceleration by calculating the coordinate and speed of movement of each of the wheels These rods of electromechanical drives of a dynamic platform so that their combination allows the entire platform to occupy the required position at a given speed and acceleration. 2. Simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that a Boeing 737-800 is used as a prototype aircraft. 3. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that elements for connection to the electrical network are made in the form of a socket for connection to a three-phase electrical network.

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