RU2681640C1 - Biological preparation active composition sprayer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the plants protection liquid biological products spraying devices. Biological product active composition sprayer includes housing, fittings, adjusting cone and the hollow nozzle. Inside the housing the air supply channel and the active composition supply channel are located. Fittings are installed in the housing upper part to the air and the active composition supply channels input openings. Adjustment cone is coaxially mounted at the housing bottom part. Hollow nozzle has the shape of a truncated cone with a hole at the top and is fixed to the housing lower part by means of the threaded connection. Air and active composition supply channels axes have the cylindrical helix shape, which axis coincides with the housing axis. Channels input openings are located symmetrically with respect to each other and the housing axis. Air supply channel diameter is 1.5 times larger than the active composition supply channel diameter.EFFECT: increase in the plants protection biological preparations use effectiveness.1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for spraying liquid biological plant protection products.

Known nozzle with a parabolic swirl [1], which contains a cylindrical chamber for supplying gas, an axial sprinkler with throttle holes for supplying fluid and a swirl of gas-liquid flow. The sprinkler with throttle openings is muffled from the outlet end by a centrifugal element consisting of serially connected profiled disks, on the end part of which there are protrusions and recesses in the form of a Archimedes spiral. The protrusions on one disk enter into the hollows on the other disk with the formation of a channel in the form of an Archimedes spiral communicating with the cavity of the cylindrical chamber, in the end part of which there is a disk with perforation for gas entry, which is rigidly connected to the cylindrical chamber by its outer surface and the inner surface - with a sprinkler. In a cylindrical chamber two swirlers are installed in series. The swirl located at the inlet of the gas stream is rigidly bonded to the irrigation tube. The swirl at the outlet is rigidly bonded to the inner surface of the cylindrical chamber. Between the swirlers there are gaps for interacting with gas and liquid: a tangential gap and an axial gap. Each of the swirls is made in the form of an elliptical paraboloid, the guide blades of which are curved along a helical surface and form curved confuser channels.

The disadvantage of this design is the high level of fluid pressure, which is unacceptable when spraying a liquid with a biological product.

Also known is a pneumatic acoustic rod nozzle [2] comprising a cylindrical body having a central cylindrical hole with an inlet gas channel, a central rod mounted in the central hole and having a part protruding from the cylindrical body having a liquid inlet channel, a liquid annular chamber connected with a fluid inlet, a fluid nozzle coupled to a fluid annular chamber spanning a central shaft, an annular resonator mounted on a protruding parts of the central rod, the working part of which is facing the cylindrical body, the gas nozzle and the liquid nozzle being made coaxial, the liquid nozzle is located further along the radius from the center axis of the cylindrical body, the shell surrounding the cylindrical body, while the liquid annular chamber and the liquid nozzle are formed by grooves in a cylindrical housing limited by the inner surface of the shell. The central rod is made with a diameter equal to the diameter of the nozzle, and the longitudinal grooves in the central rod are located at distances from each other that do not exceed a quarter of the wavelength of the working frequency of the nozzle, and the depth of the grooves on the central rod δ, their width t and number n, frequency generation f, the width of the resonant groove of the pneumatic acoustic rod nozzle σ and the distance between the annular gas nozzle H and the bottom of the annular resonator are selected from the relations S = ⋅n⋅δ⋅t, where S is the total groove cross section for a given output gas capacity; 12.5≤f⋅δ≤15; 1.8≤σ / δ <2.1; 7≤N / δ≤8.

The disadvantage of this device is that the effluent strikes the reflector, which can negatively affect the viability of biological agents of the biological product.

The prototype is a pneumatic nozzle [3], which contains a housing with a screw coaxially located in the lower part of the housing, and a fitting located in the upper part of the housing with a cylindrical fluid inlet connected to a diffuser, an axisymmetric housing and a fitting. The screw is pressed into the housing with the formation of a conical chamber located above the screw coaxially to the diffuser and connected in series with it. The auger is made continuous, and the outer surface of the auger consists of two surfaces connected in series, one of which is at least a single-threading helical groove with right or left thread and is located inside the housing, and the second surface is made smooth in the form of a body of revolution axisymmetrically connected with spray disc. The spray disk is perpendicular to the axis of the housing and protrudes beyond the end surface of the lower part of the housing. The line forming the end surface can be either a straight line or an nth-order curved line. The surface of the spray disk protruding beyond the end surface of the lower part of the housing is bent toward the lower part of the housing and has radial cutouts alternating with the solid part of the surface of the spray disk on the peripheral part. A collector with at least three air supply tubes is attached coaxially and axisymmetrically to the housing to its outer surface, while the lower part of the tubes is fixed in a diffuser covering the spray disk, and the tube cut is made in the form of throttling channels that are opposite the rod connecting spray disc with auger.

The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of the design, as well as the fact that when spraying, the pressure energy is converted to the fluid flow rate, which is accompanied by a pressure drop, which also negatively affects the viability of biological agents of the biological product.

The essence of the invention is as follows.

The technical result is an increase in the effectiveness of the use of biological preparations for plant protection.

This is achieved by the fact that in the sprayer of the working composition of the biological product, including the housing, inside of which there is a channel for supplying air and a channel for supplying the working composition, fittings installed in the upper part of the body to the inlet openings of the channels for supplying air and working composition, an adjustment cone installed coaxially in the lower part of the casing, a hollow nozzle having the shape of a truncated cone with an opening at the top and fixed to the lower part of the casing by means of a threaded connection of the axis of the air supply channels and The working composition is in the form of a cylindrical helix, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the housing, and the inlet openings of the channels are located symmetrically with respect to each other and the axis of the housing, and the diameter of the channel for supplying air is 1.5 times greater than the diameter of the channel for supplying the working composition.

The sprayer of the working composition of the biological product is illustrated by the scheme.

FIG. 1 - a General view of the spray of the working composition of the biological product.

The spray of the working composition of the biological product, consists of a housing 1 and a nozzle 2. Inside the housing 1 there are disjoint channels for supplying the working composition 3 and a channel for supplying air 4. The axis of the channels 3 and 4 are in the form of a cylindrical helix, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the housing 1. The inlet openings of the channels 3 and 4 are located symmetrically relative to each other and the axis of the housing 1. Moreover, the diameter of the channel for supplying air 4 is 1.5 times larger than the diameter of the channel for supplying the working composition 3. In the upper part of the casing, fittings 5 are installed to the inlet openings of channels 3 and 4. An adjustment cone is installed coaxially with it in the lower part of the casing 6. The nozzle 2 has the shape of a truncated cone with an aperture at the top, is hollow, and is fastened to the lower part of the casing 1 connections.

A spray of the working composition of a biological product works as follows.

The sprayer of the working composition of the biological product is installed in the treater or sprayer. In the process, through the fittings 5, the working composition of the biological product is supplied to channel 3, and warm air is supplied to channel 4. In this case, the working composition of the biological product is supplied under a pressure of not more than 2 atm., And the air pressure is at least 4 atm. The working composition and air passing through the screw channels 3 and 4, respectively, change the rectilinear motion to rotational and break out of the outlet holes at an angle to the inner cone-shaped surface of the nozzle 2. Subsequently, they are mixed in the chamber formed by the inner conical surface of the nozzle 2 and the adjusting cone 6. At the same time, the working composition of the biological product, picked up due to higher pressure, with a warm air stream, moves along a cone-shaped surface, is enriched with air and additional but twists. Having reached the top of the nozzle, the air-rich working composition of the biological product passes through the gap formed between the nozzle opening 2 and the adjusting cone 6 and is sprayed into the external environment. The required spray angle and droplet size of the working composition are controlled by changing the gap between the nozzle 2 and the adjusting cone 6 by twisting or unscrewing the nozzle 2 relative to the housing 1 using a threaded connection. This design of the nebulizer allows you to feed into the nebulizer and spray the working composition of the biological product under lower pressure and thereby reduce the negative impact of high pressure on the life of biological agents of biological products. And enrichment of the working composition with warm air will help increase the activity of biological agents of biological products. The smaller diameter of the channel 3 than the diameter of the channel 4, provides a more accurate dosage of the working composition and its uniform flow into the mixing chamber. In addition, the spraying of the working composition takes place in the form of a rotating cone, which creates an internal region of reduced pressure and leads to the attraction of sprayed droplets of the working composition inside the cone, thereby reducing their drift to the side by wind or free air.

Thus, such a constructive solution of a spray of the working composition of a biological product provides an increase in the efficiency of the use of biological preparations for plant protection.

The invention was created with the financial support of the Russian Ministry of Education and Science in the framework of the Federal Target Program “Research and Development in Priority Directions for the Development of the Russian Science and Technology Complex for 2014-2020” under agreement No. 14.610.21.0017 of October 3, 2017, a unique project identifier RFMEFI61017X0017.

List of references

1. RF patent No. 2636721, IPC B05B 1/34, B05B 7/00, B01F 3/04, B01F 5/02. Nozzle with a parabolic swirl / O.S. Kochetov, declared. 2016143959, 09/09/2016, publ. 11/27/2017 bull. No. 33.

2. RF patent No. 2536957, IPC B05B 1/00. Pneumoacoustic rod nozzle / A.N. Dubrovsky, declared 2013134991/05, 07/26/2013, publ. 12/27/2014 bull. Number 36.

3. RF patent No. 2631293, IPC B05B 1/00, F23D 11/00. Pneumatic nozzle / OS Kochetov, declared. 2017104369, 02/10/2017, publ. 09/20/2017 bull. No. 26.

Claims (1)

A spray of the working composition of a biological product, including a housing, inside of which there is a channel for supplying air and a channel for supplying a working composition, fittings installed in the upper part of the housing to the inlet openings of channels for supplying air and a working composition, an adjustment cone mounted coaxially in the lower part of the housing, a hollow nozzle having the shape of a truncated cone with an opening at the top and fixed to the lower part of the housing by means of a threaded connection, characterized in that the axis of the channels for air supply and its composition are in the form of a cylindrical helix whose axis coincides with the axis of the housing, and the inlets of channels arranged symmetrically relative to each other and to the housing axis, wherein the bore diameter of the air supply channel diameter greater for supplying working composition to 1.5.

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