RU2649668C1 - Portable manipulator for milking cows - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to devices for milking cows. Proposed portable manipulator includes a milking machine consisting of teat cup (1) with sucker (2) and interstitial chamber (3) formed by teat cup liner(4), four-section milking cluster (5) with sections (6), which in the lower part are united by milk receiving chamber (7) connected to milking line (10) of the milking plant. At the top the milking cluster sections are connected by chamber (11) of constant vacuum pressure connected to vacuum line (12) of the milking plant. Each milking cluster section contains control chamber (13) communicating with the constant vacuum pressure chamber and with the atmosphere. Above chamber of constant vacuum pressure (21) is connected via the overflow hole to the milk receiving chamber of the milk cluster and is made in the form of a milk trap. Pneumatic cylinder (29) to remove the milking machine via two-way electric valve (30) is connected to the vacuum line or atmosphere and suspended from the vacuum line of the milking plant. Inter-wall chambers through distribution chamber (33) are connected to pulsator (34).

EFFECT: improved efficiency of machine milking of cows in linear milking plants.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to devices for the mechanization of animal husbandry, and can be used for milking cows.

The following similar devices are known: Portable manipulator for milking cows [RU 2348149 C1, A01J 7/00 (2006.01), 03/10/2009], which includes a milking machine, a control unit attached via a connector to the milk pipe and the vacuum pipe of the milking unit, a milk trap with a float, by means of a milk tube connected to the milk collection chamber of the collector, a half-wave pulsator, as well as a mechanism for removing the milking machine from the udder of the animal at the end of the milking process; A portable manipulator for milking cows [RU 2221417 C2, 7 A01J 5/007, 01/20/2001], which consists of a milking machine connected by a cable to the pneumatic cylinder and through a milk hose and a pipe with a control unit. The control unit by means of a detachable connection is attached to the vacuum wire and milk line of the linear milking machine and contains a milk flow sensor with a vacuum regulator, a pneumatic valve and an electric energy source.

These devices do not provide an increase in the efficiency of machine milking on linear milking machines.

Closest to the invention is a portable manipulator for preparing cows for launching during milking [RU 2388216 C1, 7 A01J 5/04, A01J 7/00, 05/10/2010], which includes a milking machine, connected by a cable to a pneumatic cylinder, which is attached via a loop through a loop to the rack, and the control unit, which through the connector is attached to the milk line and the vacuum wire of the milking unit, for example ADM-8. The collector contains a lever, one end interacting with a shut-off valve of the milking machine, and a pneumatic cylinder cable is attached to its free end.

However, this device also does not provide an increase in the efficiency of machine milking on linear milking machines.

The objective of the invention is to provide increased efficiency of machine milking of cows in linear milking installations.

To achieve this, in the upper part of the collector section they are combined with a constant vacuum pressure chamber connected to the vacuum line of the milking unit. Each section of the collector contains a control chamber communicating with a constant-pressure chamber with a calibrated channel, and with the atmosphere with a calibrated channel with an electrovalve, and a constant-pressure chamber separated from the membrane control chamber and a working vacuum chamber coaxially installed in it, the upper edge of which forms the membrane has a calibrated slot, and the lower end is connected to the suction cup of the milking cup. A constant vacuum chamber with an overflow hole is connected to the collector’s milk collection chamber and is made in the form of a milk trap with a float and a calibrated channel for milk to flow into the milk collection chamber with a given intensity, for example, 50 ml / min, formed by a needle attached to the float, which also contains a magnetic magnet the field of which interacts with the reed switch at the lower position of the float in the milk trap. The pneumatic cylinder for removing the milking machine of the manipulator is connected through a two-way electric valve to the vacuum line or atmosphere and is suspended on the vacuum wire of the milking unit. To keep the cable in its original position before installing the milking machine on the udder of the cow, the pneumatic cylinder is equipped with a latch that can mechanically hold the cable until vacuum pressure is supplied through the two-way electric valve to the pneumatic cylinder, as well as switch the two-way electric valve to supply atmospheric pressure to the pneumatic cylinder. The interstitial chambers of the teatcups are connected through nozzles through a distribution chamber to a pulsator fixed on a vacuum line. Moreover, the nozzles are installed along the length of the teatcup in the zone of maximum deformation of the nipple rubber under the influence of the pressure drop between the suction cup and the interstitial chambers until it comes into contact with it in its unloaded state (in the absence of a pressure drop on it), and their edge is made in the form of the outer generatrix of the nipple rubber in point of contact.

The invention will be understood from the following description and the attached drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a portable manipulator for milking cows, a general view.

The portable manipulator for milking cows (Fig. 1) includes a milking machine, which consists of milking cups 1 with a suction cup 2 and interstitial chambers 3 formed by nipple rubber 4, a four-section collector 5 with sections 6, which are connected in the lower part by a milk reception chamber 7, a nozzle 8, with a shut-off valve 9 connected to the milk line 10 of the milking unit. In the upper part of the section 6 of the collector 5 are connected by a chamber 11 of constant vacuum pressure connected to the vacuum line 12 of the milking unit. Each section 6 of the collector 4 contains a control chamber 13, calibrated channel 14 in communication with the chamber 11 of constant vacuum pressure, and a calibrated channel 15 with the solenoid valve 16 - with the atmosphere, and separated from the control chamber 13 of the membrane 17 by the chamber 18 of constant vacuum pressure and coaxially installed in it a working gauge pressure chamber 19, the upper edge of which forms a calibrated slot 20 with the membrane 17, and the lower end is connected to the suction cup 2 of the milking cup 1. The constant chamber 17 vacuum pressure overflow hole 21 is connected to the milk collection chamber 7 of the collector 5 and is made in the form of a milk trap with a float 22 and a calibrated channel 23 for the flow of milk into the milk collection chamber 7 with a given intensity, for example 50 ml / min, formed by a needle 24 attached to the float 22, which also contains a magnet 25, the magnetic field of which interacts with the reed switch 26 at the lower position of the float 22 in the milk trap. To control the position of the valve 9 when removing the milking machine from the udder of the cow at the end of milking, a lever 27 is installed on the milk receiving chamber 7, which is connected at one end to the valve 9, and a cable 28 is attached to the other end of the pneumatic cylinder 29 for removing the milking machine of the manipulator through a two-way electric fan 30 connected to the vacuum line 12 or the atmosphere and suspended on the vacuum wire of the milking unit (not shown). To hold the cable 28 in its initial position, before installing the milking machine on the cow udder, the pneumatic cylinder 29 is equipped with a latch 31, which can mechanically hold the cable 28 until vacuum pressure is supplied through the two-way electric valve 30 to the pneumatic cylinder 29, as well as to switch the two-way electric valve 30 to supply atmospheric pressure to the pneumatic cylinder 28. The inter-wall chambers 3 of the teatcups 1 with nozzles 32 are connected through a distribution chamber 33 to a pulsator 34 fixed on the vacuum line 12. Reason m nozzles 32 are installed along the length of the milking cup 1 in the zone of maximum deformation of the nipple rubber 4 under the influence of the differential pressure between the suction cup 2 and the interwall 3 chambers until they come into contact with it in its unloaded state (in the absence of a differential pressure on it), their edge is made in the form of an external forming nipple rubber 4 at the point of contact. Reed switches 26, solenoid valves 16 calibrated channels 15, two-way electric valve 30 of the pneumatic cylinder 29 are electrically connected to the control unit 35.

A portable manipulator for milking cows (Fig. 1) works as follows. The pneumatic cylinder 29 is suspended on a vacuum wire (not shown). In this case, the latch 31 mechanically keeps the cable 28 from extending from the pneumatic cylinder 29, thereby ensuring the suspended position of the collector 5 with the milking cups 1. The pipe 8 of the milk collection chamber 7 of the collector 5 is connected to the milk pipe 10, and the two-way electric valve 30 of the pneumatic cylinder 29, the chamber 11 of constant vacuum pressure and the pulsator 34 is connected to the vacuum line 12 and turn on the control unit 35. In this case, the vacuum pressure from the vacuum line 12 through the two-way electric valve 30 enters the pneumatic cycle dr 29, duplicating the mechanical retention of the cable 28 by the latch 31. Through the pulsator 34, the distribution chamber 33 and then the nozzles 32, the pulsating vacuum pressure enters the interwall chambers 3 of the milking cups 1. Through the chamber 11 and then the calibrated channels 14, the vacuum pressure enters the control chambers 13 of all four sections 6 of the collector 5, which are calibrated channels 15 with solenoid valves 16 are connected to the atmosphere. The intake of atmospheric air through calibrated channels 15 ensures the establishment in the control chambers 13 of a reduced vacuum pressure, for example 33 kPa. From the milk line 10, the vacuum pressure enters the pipe 8 of the milk reception chamber 7 of the four-section collector, which is closed by the valve 9.

The manipulator is ready to go.

The milking machine is mounted on the udder of the cow. To do this, the latch 31 releases the cable 28 and at the same time sends a signal to the control unit 35, from where the control signal enters the two-way electric fan 30, which communicates the pneumatic cylinder 29 with the atmosphere. Extending the cable 28, the milking cups 1 are brought under the cow udder (not shown) and the valve 9 is opened. In this case, the vacuum pressure enters the milk collection chamber 7 and then through the overflow holes 21 in section 6 of the collector 5, made in the form of milk traps, from where through calibrated slots 20 - into the chambers 19 of the working vacuum pressure and then into the suction chambers 2 of the milking cups 1. And since the nominal vacuum pressure, for example, 48 kPa, comes from the milk line 10, and the reduced vacuum pressure in the control chamber 13 pressure (33 kPa), then the membrane 17, bending down under the influence of a differential pressure, reduces the calibrated gap 20, thereby limiting the pumping of air from the chambers 19 of the working vacuum pressure and then the suction chambers 2 of the milking cups 1, this ensures the establishment of a reduced vacuum gauge pressure. At the same time, the pulsating nominal vacuum pressure from the pulsator 34 through the distribution chamber 33 and then the nozzles 32 enters the interstitial chambers 3 of the teat cups 1. At the same time, the supply of atmospheric air to the interstitial chambers 3 leads to the closure of the nipple rubber 4 under the influence of the pressure differential in the suction cup 2 and interwall chambers 3. When vacuum pressure is applied, the nipple rubber is aligned and when the pressures in the suction cup 2 and the interwall 3 chambers coincide, the nipple rubber 4 adjoins the end the nozzle 32, limiting the pumping of air from the interstitial chamber 3 and thereby ensuring the same vacuum pressure in the suction cup 2 and interwall 3 chambers of the milking cup 1.

Milking glasses are put on the nipples of the udder and milking in a stimulating mode. Milk from the suction cup 2 of each milking cup enters the working vacuum chamber 19 and then through the calibrated slot 20 to the milk trap of section 6 of the collector 5, and when the milk flow rate is below 50 ml / min, it flows through the calibrated channel 23 formed by the needle 24 into milk collection chamber 7 of the collector 5 and then through the pipe 8 into the milk line 10. With an increase in the milk flow in any milking cup 1, it accumulates in the milk trap of the corresponding section 6, which leads to the float of the float 22 and removing the magnet 25 installed in it from the interaction zone with the reed switch 26, which leads to its operation and, as a result, to the operation of the solenoid valve 16, which blocks the access of atmospheric air through the calibrated channel 15 to the control chamber 13. This leads to an increase vacuum pressure in the control chamber 13 to the nominal (48 kPa) and, as a result, alignment of the membrane 17 and increase to the nominal vacuum pressure in the chamber 19 of the working vacuum pressure and further in the suction cup 2 of the teat cup 1, and therefore in the inter-wall chamber of the teat cup. Thus, milking is carried out in nominal mode.

With a subsequent decrease in the intensity of the milk flow, the float 22 changes its position, sinking down, and moves the magnet 25 into the zone of interaction of its magnetic field with the reed switch 26. There is a reverse switch to the stimulating mode of operation. Such switching occurs on each nipple individually, thereby ensuring the optimal milking mode. With a decrease in the intensity of milk flow in all sections 6 of the collector 5, the control unit 35 issues a command to the two-way electric fan 30. In this case, the vacuum pressure from the vacuum line 12 through the two-way electric valve 30 enters the pneumatic cylinder 29. The cable 28, being drawn into the pneumatic cylinder 29, acts on the lever 27 and closes the valve 8 pipe 8, thereby disconnecting the milking machine from the milk line 10, and removes the milking machine from the udder of the cow. Milking completed.

The use of this portable manipulator for milking cows on milking machines like ADM-8 will increase labor productivity by 35-40% and reduce the incidence of mastitis of cows by 12-14%.

Information sources

RU 2348149 C1, A01J 7/00 (2006.01), 03/10/2009.

RU 2221417 C2, 7 A01J 5/007, 01/20/2001.

RU 2388216 C1, 7 A01J 5/04, A01J 7/00, 05/10/2010.

Claims (1)

A portable manipulator for milking cows, including a milking machine, which consists of milking cups with a suction cup and interstitial chamber formed by nipple rubber, a four-section collector, which are combined in the lower part with a milk reception chamber, a nozzle, a shut-off valve connected to the milk pipe, characterized in that the upper part of the collector section is combined by a constant vacuum pressure chamber connected to the vacuum line of the milking unit, each collector section contains a cam a control channel communicating with a constant-pressure chamber with a calibrated channel, and with the atmosphere with a calibrated channel with an electrovalve, and a constant-pressure chamber separated from the membrane control chamber and a working vacuum chamber coaxially mounted in it, the upper edge of which forms a calibrated gap with the membrane, and the lower end is connected to the suction cup of the milking cup, and the camera is a constant vacuum pressure overflow hole with Dinene with the collector’s milk collection chamber and made in the form of a milk trap with a float and a calibrated channel for milk to flow into the milk collection chamber with a given intensity formed by a needle attached to the float, which also contains a magnet whose magnetic field interacts with the reed switch when the float is in the milk trap, the pneumatic cylinder for removing the milking machine of the manipulator is connected through a two-way electric valve to the vacuum line or atmosphere and is suspended on the vacuum wire of the milking unit new, and to keep the cable in its initial position before installing the milking machine on the cow udder, the pneumatic cylinder is equipped with a latch that can mechanically hold the cable until vacuum pressure is supplied through the two-way electric valve to the pneumatic cylinder, as well as switch the two-way electric valve to supply atmospheric pressure to the pneumatic cylinder, milking chamber glasses nozzles through the distribution chamber are connected to a pulsator fixed on the vacuum line, and the nozzles at tanovleny along the length of the teat cup in the zone of maximum deformation of the teatcup liner under the effect of differential pressure between the interspace and podsoskovoy chambers before contact with it in its unloaded condition with no pressure differential on it, and their edge is in the form of the outer generatrix of the teatcup liner at the contact point.

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