RU2612191C1 - Video-on-chip system with adaptation to plot - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: video-on-chip system contains array 1 of the photocells, register 2 of line selection, array 3 of the column low bit ADCs, horizontal output register 5 and output device 13, the new is the placement of array 4 of the column high bit ADCs on the same chip, horizontal output register 6, switching unit 7, unit 8 of estimating and averaging brightness and contrast, control unit 9, mode selection unit 10, binning control unit 11 and binning unit 12.

EFFECT: increasing the framerate of the photodetector array and increasing the dynamic range of the image sensor for detection of the low-contrast objects.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of television and digital photography, in particular to video recording devices.

, второе - однокаскадное малошумящее с частотой считывания 200 кГц и шумом считывания до 10

. Устройство осуществляет преобразование светового потока в электрический заряд и передачу заряда на выбранные выходные устройства регистров считывания.Known matrix photoelectric device with charge-coupled ELCM1077, including a photosensitive area of 1160 rows of 1040 elements, consisting of two identical sections of 580 rows, forming a single array. Each section has a read register, in which there are two output devices with a floating diffusion region located at opposite ends of the register, with one two-stage output device with a read frequency of 1 MHz and read noise up to 20

, the second is a single-stage low noise with a read frequency of 200 kHz and a read noise of up to 10

. The device converts the light flux into an electric charge and transfers the charge to the selected output devices of the read registers.

The disadvantages of the known device are the inability to select an arbitrary reading area and the lack of binning mode.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is the device described in the article “A High-Speed CMOS Image Sensor with Column-Parallel Single Capacitor CDSs and Single-slope ADCs” with a team of authors LI Quanliang, SHI Cong, WU Nanjian (The State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, PR China) International Symposium on Photoelectronic Detection and Imaging 2011: Advances in Imaging Detectors and Applications. The device contains a photosensitive array of 256 × 256 elements in size, an array of double correlated sample nodes, an array of programmable power amplifiers, an array of column integrating analog-to-digital converters, a control unit, a data storage and output unit. In a photosensitive array, the light flux is converted into an electrical signal fed to an array of double correlated sample nodes, further amplified in an array of programmable power amplifiers. After the power amplifiers, the signal is fed to an array of column integrating analog-to-digital converters, after which the digital video signal is fed to the data storage and output unit.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the limited dynamic range of the image sensor, because For analog-to-digital signal conversion, an array of eight-bit column-type analog-to-digital converters is used.

The technical result is to increase the dynamic range of the image sensor to detect low-contrast objects.

Another technical result of the claimed device is to increase the frame frequency of the photodetector.

This is achieved by the fact that the video system on a chip with adaptation to the plot, including an array of photocells, a row selection register connected to an array of photocells, an array of low-bit column analog-to-digital converters connected to the outputs of an array of photocells, a horizontal output register connected to an array of columnar analog of low-digit digital converters, and the output device, characterized in that an array of columns is additionally introduced into the video system on a chip with adaptation to the plot high-resolution analog-to-digital converters, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of an array of photocells, a separate horizontal output register, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of an array of high-resolution analog-to-digital converters, a switching unit, two inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the horizontal output registers, binning unit , one of the inputs of which is connected to the output of the switching unit, the unit for evaluating and averaging brightness and contrast, the input of which is connected to the output of the binning unit I, a control unit whose input is connected to the output of the unit for estimating and averaging brightness and contrast, a mode selection unit whose output is connected to the third input of the switching unit, a binning control unit whose output is connected to the second input of the binning unit, the output of the binning unit is connected to the input output device.

Such a video system automatically selects a digital video signal from an array of analog-to-digital converters of the required bit depth, depending on the plot, which allows you to receive a video signal of high frame frequency with sufficient contrast of the object, or a video signal with an extended dynamic range for low-contrast objects.

The presented drawing explains the essence of the proposed technical solution.

The drawing shows a structural diagram of a video system on a chip with adaptation to the plot.

The video system on a chip with adaptation to the plot depicted in the drawing includes an array of 1 photocells, a row selection register 2, outputs R1 ... Rn of which are connected to the rows of an array of 1 photocells, an array of 3 low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (8-10 bits ), the inputs A1 ... An of which are connected to an array of 1 photocells, an array of 4 high-bit column analog-to-digital converters (12-16 bits), the inputs of which B1 ... Bn are also connected to an array of 1 photocells, a horizontal output register 5, inputs DA1 ... DAn which connected to the outputs of an array of 3 analog-to-digital converters of low resolution, a horizontal output register 6, inputs DB1 ... DBn of which are connected to the outputs of an array of 4 analog-to-digital converters of high resolution, a switching unit 7 whose inputs are connected to the outputs of the horizontal output registers 5 and 6 , unit 8 for estimating and averaging brightness and contrast, control unit 9, the input of which is connected to the output of unit 8 for estimating and averaging brightness and contrast, mode selection unit 10, whose input is connected to the output of control unit 9 , the binning control unit 11, the input of which is also connected to the output of the control unit 9, the binning unit 12, one of the inputs of which is connected to the output of the switching unit 7, the other to the output of the binning control unit 11, one of the outputs of the binning unit 12 is connected to the input of the unit 8 estimates and averages the brightness and contrast, the output device 13, the input of which is connected to the second output of the binning unit 12.

In a video system on a chip with adaptation to the plot (see drawing), the light flux is projected onto an array of 1 photocells. An analog signal A1 ... An from an array of 1 photocells is fed to an array of 3 column low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (8-10 bits), an analog signal B1 ... Bn from an array of 1 photocells is fed to an array of 4 columned high-resolution analog-to-digital converters (12- 16 bit). Register 2 row selection allows you to select the vertical size of the image area read from the array 1 of the photocells. Digital signals DA1 ... DAn and DB1 ... DBn from arrays 3 and 4 of column analog-to-digital converters of low and high bit depth are fed to the horizontal output registers 5 and 6, respectively. Next, the signals are fed to the inputs of the switching unit 7, from the output of which one of the signals is fed to the binning unit 12. From the outputs of the binning unit 12, the signal is supplied to the output device 13 and simultaneously to the input of the unit 8 for estimating and averaging brightness and contrast. Block 8 for assessing and averaging brightness and contrast analyzes the image according to the given brightness-contrast parameters and sends the necessary information to control unit 9. According to the information received, the control unit 9 sends to the mode selection unit 10 a command to switch the switching unit 7 to one of the horizontal output registers (5 or 6). Also, the control unit 9 sends information about the binning mode to the binning control unit 11. The binning unit 12 switches to the selected mode by a command from the binning control unit 11. From the output of the binning unit 12, the video signal is supplied to the output device 13.

The difference between the claimed device and the prototype is that on the same chip, in addition to an array of photocells, a row selection register, an array of low-bit column analog-to-digital converters, a horizontal output register and an output device, an array of high-resolution analog-to-digital converters is also placed, a separate horizontal output register, switching unit, binning unit, unit for estimating and averaging brightness and contrast, control unit, mode selection unit and control unit binning. As a result, a full-fledged video system is located on one chip, which allows you to automatically switch the reading of a digital video signal of the required bit depth from one of the horizontal output registers, which ensures adaptation to the observed plot. The presence of automatic signal selection allows you to receive a video signal of high frame frequency with sufficient contrast of the object, in this case, the switching unit connects to the binning unit a signal that has passed an analog-to-digital low-bit converter, and, if necessary, an additional increase in the frame frequency, the image is binated in the binning unit, while the image size is reduced by an integer number of times and at the same time the frame rate is increased. If it is necessary to increase the dynamic range of the video image with low-contrast objects, the switching unit connects to the binning unit a signal that has passed an analog-to-digital converter of high resolution. To further expand the dynamic range, a binning unit with a variable integer binning coefficient also serves.

Claims (1)

A video system on a chip with adaptation to the plot, including an array of photocells, a row selection register connected to an array of photocells, an array of low-bit column analog-to-digital converters, connected to the outputs of an array of photocells, a horizontal output register connected to an array of low-bit column analog-to-digital converters , and an output device, characterized in that in the video system on a chip with adaptation to the plot an array of columnar analog-to-digital high-digitization generators, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the array of photocells, a separate horizontal output register, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the array of high-bit capacity analog-to-digital column converters, a switching unit, two inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the horizontal output registers, binning unit, one of the inputs which is connected to the output of the switching unit, the unit for evaluating and averaging brightness and contrast, the input of which is connected to the output of the binning unit, the control unit, input which is connected to the output of the unit for estimating and averaging brightness and contrast, a mode selection unit, the output of which is connected to the third input of the switching unit, a binning control unit, the output of which is connected to the second input of the binning unit, the output of the binning unit is connected to the input of the output device.

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