RU2597908C1 - Composition of roofing-construction material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for making strong tiled roofing materials, chemical-resistant coatings of floors, etc. Composition of construction-roofing material includes a mixture of high-pressure polyethylene, stretch film, filler of sand and colouring agent, wherein the coating composition includes crushed wood fibres, and used as the filler is pine sand with clay content of 1.0-3.0 % at the following ratio, %: high-pressure polyethylene - 8.0-12.0, stretch film - 52.0-63.0, pine sand with clay content of not more than 3 % - 8.0-12.0, crushed wood fibres - 6.0-10.0, dye 1.0-3.0.

EFFECT: increase in strength characteristics of construction roofing material.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the production of building products from bulk materials and polymer waste and can be used to obtain tiled, durable roofing materials, chemically resistant floor coverings, etc.

The known composition of roofing and building materials (RF patent No. 2496637, M. class B28B 15/00, B28B 5/00), including a polymer-containing component and a filler, the polymer-containing component is an agglomerate in the form of a secondary agglomerated high-pressure film, and the filler represents river sand, or rice husk, or glass wool, or sawdust, or crumb rubber from car tires, or a processed fraction of PET plastic bottles, with the composition supplemented by an agglomerated stretch film, kaoli ohm or chalk and dye in the following ratio for the manufacture of one roofing sheet of five millimeter thickness and 2 m in length and 1 m in width, kg: agglomerate in the form of a secondary agglomerated high-pressure film - 6.0, filler - 1.0, agglomerated stretch -film - 2.0.

The preparation of raw materials, their mixing, heating to obtain a molten polymer-containing mass, molding the mass to obtain the sheet form of the finished product is carried out in a special apparatus. Mixing of the feedstock is carried out in an extruder having a tubular body, inside of which there is a shaft with spiral-shaped blades for moving the mixture, and heating elements are installed on the pipe - heating elements.

The disadvantages of the known composition of roofing and building materials include the low strength characteristics of the final product, associated with the presence of sand, glass wool and fragile materials, such as rice husks, and inclusions of rubber crumb from automobile tires that are not associated with polyethylene.

Known more advanced composition of the material for protective coatings of building structures and structures (RF patent No. 2129133, publ. 04/20/1999 - prototype). The material for protective coatings of building structures and structures contains a basic composition consisting of thermoplastics and rubber-containing waste, while the thermoplastics contain a polyolefin, a stretch film (a mixture of polyolefins), and rubber-containing crumbs with a particle size of mainly up to 1, as rubber-containing waste. 0 mm, with the following component content per 100 parts by weight the main composition: polyolefin (a mixture of polyolefins) - 10-60 parts by weight, crumb rubber - 40-90 parts by weight

As the polyolefin contains low density polyethylene or secondary low density polyethylene. Rubber crumb in the main composition contains a crumb of rubbers based on butyl rubber and (or) ethylene propylene rubbers. The material may additionally contain up to 20 parts by weight pigments and dyes per 100 parts by weight main composition.

The material contains modifiers, stabilizers, fillers selected from the group: chalk, kaolin, aerosil, glass beads, as well as chopped fiberglass, crushed cord waste from tire processing, crushed rubber-cord waste from tire processing, wood fibers, crushed waste from the production of synthetic and artificial fibers. The components are mixed at a temperature above the melting temperature of thermoplastics.

The disadvantages of the known composition include its complexity, as well as low strength characteristics associated with the introduction of various materials into the melt of thermoplastics, in which between the particles of material with sharp edges there is no degree of freedom that prevents incisions and destruction of the finished material when a load is applied to it . The disadvantages include the difficulty of obtaining the final sheet material of the same thickness.

The technical result of the invention is the creation of a simpler, better, more economical and increasing the strength characteristics of the roofing building material.

The technical result is achieved by combining the use of well-known features common with the prototype, including a mixture of high-pressure polyethylene, stretch film, filler - sand and dye, and new features, namely, finely divided wood fibers are introduced into the coating composition, and the filler used boron sand with a clay content of 1.0-3.0% in the following ratio,%:

high pressure polyethylene 8.0-12.0 stretch film 52.0-63.0 boron sand with a clay content of not more than 3% 8.0-12.0 shredded wood fibers 6.0-10.0 dye 1.0-3.0

The novelty of the proposed composition is the introduction into the coating composition of finely divided wood fibers, and boron sand with a clay content of 1.0-3.0% is used as a filler in the following ratio,%:

high pressure polyethylene 8.0-12.0 stretch film 52.0-63.0 boron sand with a clay content of not more than 3% 8.0-12.0 chopped wood fibers 0.01-1 mm 6.0-10.0 dye 1.0-3.0

So, the presence in the composition of the specified number of components allows you to get the final material with high strength characteristics.

At the same time, the low clay content in boron sand in an amount not exceeding 1.0-3.0% in combination with the presence of sawdust fibers in the roofing composition makes it possible to create peculiar discharge zones in the volume of the mixture of materials that give the mixture its own functional purpose binder-softening properties, which, when exposed to multiple loads on the final material containing polyethylene, stretch film and sharp sand grains of sand, prevents incisions by sharp edges of sand grains ietilena respectively and provides both long time keeps high strength characteristics of the final material and product produced therefrom.

Adding boron sand and finely dispersed (dust-like) sawdust to the softened mass of stretch film reduces the total cost of the mixture.

According to the patent information research, no combination of known and new features of the invention was found in the sources of patent and scientific and technical information, which makes it possible to attribute the features to novelty.

Since the proposed combination of features is not known from the existing level of technology and does not follow from it explicitly, and allows you to get a higher and even unexpected result, the proposed essential features and their combination can be considered to have an inventive step.

The description of the implementation of the proposed method, including a specific example, allows it to be attributed to industrially feasible.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows rolls with a mixture of materials placed on their surface.

In FIG. 2 shows the removal of the formed tape material from a second chilled roll.

The roofing and building material of the proposed composition is obtained using a device that consists of two hollow rolls 1 and 2 with a drive of rotation 3, pipelines for supply 4 and removal 5 of running water and a mold consisting of two halves, a movable upper 6 and a fixed lower 7 mounted at the exit from the rolls of sheet material 8. The cooling of the roll 2 is carried out by passing running water in its cavity. The mixture of materials 9 heated to a plastic state is located between the rollers 1 and 2. Between the roller 2 and the mold, the rollers 10 supporting the plastic tape material are mounted. The feed material is supplied to the roller 1 in the direction of arrow 11.

Obtaining roofing and building material is as follows. Initially, counter-rotating rolls 1 and 2 are heated to a predetermined temperature of 70-110 ° C by laying on one of the rolls a rubber sheet with a thickness exceeding the gap between the rolls by 40-60%. Repeated transmission of the rubber sheet between the rollers for 30 minutes heats the latter to a predetermined temperature of 70-110 ° C. Next, the source material is a stretch film in the amount of 52.0-63.0% of the total amount of materials and high-pressure polyethylene in the amount of 8.0-12.0% is portioned onto the heated roller 1 in the direction of arrow 11 and the rotation of the rolls 1 and 2 bring the mixture to a heated plastic state. Then, boron sand with a clay content of 1.0-3.0% and finely divided sawdust in amounts of 8.0-12.0% and 6.0-10.0% and dye, respectively, are fed in portions to the heated mass of stretch film and polyethylene in the amount of 1-3%. By counter-rotating the rolls 1 and 2, the entire mixture is heated, its temperature is maintained and the mixture is mixed by rolling with the introduction of polyethylene and stretch film of sand grains and wood fibers into the plastic mass. After thoroughly mixing the mixture between rolls 1 and 2, a predetermined gap h is set equal to the thickness of the final sheet material, the temperature of the second roll is reduced by 10-20% and counter-rotation of the rolls through the gap h in plastic form gives the sheet material, which is cut from the mold side and using the supporting rollers 10 are fed into the mold to form a given geometry and shape of the final product. The mold is cooled by running cold water using pipelines 4 and 5. After forming the material, it is cut along the perimeter of the mold and after holding for 1-3 minutes, the finished product is transferred to the rack, the base of which is made by copying the shape of the finished product. For example, pipes located in parallel with a diameter equal to the slate wave at a distance from each other equal to the pitch of the slate wave.

Heating the rolls by repeatedly passing the rubber plates through a predetermined gap between the rolls significantly reduces the energy costs of heating and maintaining the set temperature of the mixture throughout the entire process.

The clay content in boron sand of 1.0-3.0% ensures the formation of a strong and at the same time flexible bond between grains of sand and softened polyethylene. Clay content of more than 3.0% leads to delamination of the finished product.

An increase in the amount of boron sand more than 12.0% and wood fibers more than 10.0% leads to a decrease in the strength characteristics of the final material.

At present, the enterprise has made a pilot plant for obtaining the material of the proposed composition. The finished product from the proposed composition - wave slate has high strength and bending characteristics in the longitudinal and transverse directions. It restores and retains its shape well after applying to the slate strong loads of various directions, for example, when driving across the slate of a KAMAZ vehicle repeatedly.

It was decided to release products according to the proposed composition.

Claims (1)

The composition of the roofing building material, consisting of a mixture of high-pressure polyethylene, stretch film, filler - sand and dye, characterized in that finely divided wood fibers are introduced into the coating composition, and boron sand with a clay content of not more than 3% is used as filler in the following ratio,%:
high pressure polyethylene 8.0-12.0 stretch film 52.0-63.0 boron sand with a clay content of not more than 3% 8.0-12.0 shredded wood fibers 6.0-10.0 dye 1.0-3.0

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