RU212438U1 - BUILDING STRUCTURAL ELEMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

This utility model relates to elements of building structures containing a binder made of thermoplastic polymers and a filler made of inorganic bulk materials as a forming material, and can be used in the production of building materials such as terrace boards, beams, boards, lamellas for outdoor furniture, various panels , and similar building elements, which, in turn, can be used as a building material for various structures. According to the utility model, HDPE and LDPE plastics are used as thermoplastic polymers, and quartz material with a particle size modulus of not more than 1 is used as a filler from inorganic bulk materials, while the binder has the following ratio, wt.%: high-pressure polyethylene (LDPE) plastic 15-20; plastic low-pressure polyethylene (HDPE) 15-20; quartz material 60-70. The achieved technical result is the expansion of the arsenal of building structures in which there is no wood, but which have a number of advantageous characteristics compared to analogues: safety, lack of annual maintenance, preservation of the original appearance for many years, regardless of the impact of external factors and weather phenomena.

Description

Field of technology to which the utility model belongs

This utility model relates to elements of building structures containing a binder made of thermoplastic polymers and a filler made of inorganic bulk materials as a forming material, and can be used for the manufacture of terrace boards, beams, boards, lamellas, various panels and similar building elements that can be used in construction, lining fences and fences, making street furniture, including cast supports for benches and sofas.

State of the art

Building structures are known from the prior art, containing a binder made of thermoplastic polymers and a filler made of inorganic bulk materials as a forming material, for example, a composite building material is known, described in the patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2681709, published in 2017.

This material is the closest in technical essence to the claimed utility model and is taken as a prototype for the proposed utility model. The disadvantage of this material is that it contains sawdust, that is, its production requires the use of wood.

Utility Model Disclosure

Based on this original observation, the present utility model mainly aims to propose an element of a building structure containing a binder made of thermoplastic polymers and a filler made of inorganic bulk materials as a shaping material, which makes it possible to at least mitigate the above disadvantage, namely, to provide the possibility of expanding the arsenal building structures in which there is no wood, but which have a number of advantageous characteristics compared to analogues: safety, lack of annual maintenance, preservation of the original appearance for many years, regardless of the impact of external factors and weather phenomena, which is the technical task of this utility model.

To achieve this goal, low-pressure polyethylene HDPE and high-pressure polyethylene PVD were used as thermoplastic polymers, and quartz material with a particle size modulus of not more than 1 was used as a filler from inorganic bulk materials, while the binder has the following ratio, wt.%:

plastic high-pressure polyethylene (LDPE) 15-20 plastic low-pressure polyethylene (HDPE) 15-20 quartz material 60-70

Thanks to such favorable characteristics, it becomes possible to create an environmentally friendly, sought-after building material, which has a number of advantageous characteristics compared to analogues. In addition, for the creation of which it was not necessary to destroy trees, and also in the production of which, as a raw material, recycled plastic was used, which makes it possible to reduce the pollution of the planet from plastic waste, which has a beneficial effect on reducing the environmental problem and partially solves the urgent issue of using plastic waste as a raw material for production.

In addition, the proposed element of the building structure can be 100% recycled into a new product.

In this case, the components are selected from the following considerations.

Thermoplastic polymers of HDPE high density ethylene have high Brinell hardness (45-65 MPa) and good strength characteristics.

Thermoplastic polymers of low density ethylene (LDPE) are perfectly technologically compatible with HDPE, but at the same time they have a lower degree of crystallinity 50-65 versus 70-85, which means they are more flexible under mechanical loads.

The use of LDPE mixed with HDPE in this proportion gives the products a very wide operating temperature range from -30°C to +70°C. Also, the products have high wear resistance, are not subject to corrosion, and are inert to a large number of chemicals.

An increase in the content of LDPE in the mixture reduces the strength of the products.

The specified content of quartz material makes it possible to achieve uniform mixing with a binder (polymer) without losing the strength characteristics of the plastic.

The use of a fraction with a particle size modulus of not more than 1 allows you to give the product a smoother look. The product turns out to be the most pleasant to the touch and expands the scope of the material.

The range parameters were obtained as a result of tests, which showed that an increase in the content of quartz material leads to a drop in strength characteristics and to a deterioration in the surface quality of the product. Reducing the amount of quartz material leads to a rise in price, and the linear expansion of the material with temperature changes will be significant, which is very important when it is used in construction.

An increase in the content of LDPE to the detriment of HDPE leads to a drop in strength characteristics. An increase in the content of HDPE to the detriment of LDPE leads to a decrease in the elasticity of the material.

Therefore, it was with such proportions of materials that such high strength characteristics of the finished product were achieved during the implementation of the production technology. The element of the building structure is strong and flexible at the same time, while always retaining its original shape.

There is a possible version of the utility model, in which dry sand without clay, silt and other impurities is used as a quartz material.

Thanks to such an advantageous characteristic, it becomes possible to make a specific version of the production of a building structure element, in which dry sand without clay, silt and other impurities is used as a quartz material.

There is an alternative to the previous possible version of the utility model, in which crushed glass is used as a quartz material.

Due to such an advantageous characteristic, it becomes possible to perform a specific version of the production of a building structure element, in which crushed glass is used as a quartz material. This makes it possible to recycle the recycled glass material. You can use glass raw materials recycled.

The set of essential features of the proposed utility model is unknown from the prior art for devices of a similar purpose, which allows us to conclude that the utility model meets the criterion of "novelty".

Brief description of the drawings

Other distinctive features and advantages of the utility model are clear from the description below for illustration and non-limiting, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1-2 show a possible exterior element of a building structure when it is part of a street shop, according to the utility model;

fig. 3 shows a possible external element of a building structure when it is an L-shaped panel, according to the utility model;

fig. 4-5 show a possible external element of a building structure when it is a deck board with a different structure, according to the utility model;

fig. 6 shows a possible external element of a building structure when it is a beam, according to the utility model.

Implementation of the utility model

The element of the building structure can be implemented as follows. (A non-limiting use case of the utility model is provided). As an element of the building structure can be:

- terrace board;

- timber;

- board;

- lamella;

- Wall panel;

- panel (tabletop or facing);

- L-shaped panel;

- wayposts.

Elements of the building structure can be obtained in various colors. The color shade is obtained by dispersing inorganic pigments in the process of mixing the components.

In addition, the material is well machined, sawn to lengths, allows you to make the required holes for further fastening to each other and to other material in various designs.

To give increased strength to the structure or lighten the weight, or to add the possibility of connecting with metal structures by welding - it is possible to reinforce some elements of the utility model during manufacture by including inside metal profiles of an acceptable size, for example, a profile pipe.

The element of the building structure is produced by pressing a molten mixture of components previously obtained in a heavy-type mixer (extruder).

Industrial Applicability

An element of a building structure can be implemented by a specialist in practice and, when implemented, ensures the implementation of the stated purpose. The possibility of implementation in practice follows from the fact that for each feature included in the formula of the utility model on the basis of the description, the material equivalent is known, which allows us to conclude that the criterion "industrial applicability" for the utility model and the criterion "completeness of disclosure" for the utility model.

In accordance with the proposed solution, the applicants produced a prototype element of the building structure.

proposed building element Polymer sand tiles Concrete vibrocast tiles Concrete vibropressed tiles Wood Average density, kg / m ³ 1721 1650-18000 2350-2400 2200-2400 500-900 Mass water absorption, % one 0.15 4-4.5 5.5-6.5 up to 20 Compressive strength, MPa 22.1 17-18 40-50 40 5-50 Bending strength, MPa 17.3 17-25 6.0-7.0 5.0-5.5 13-16 Frost cycles Over 150 Over 500 300-400 200-300 Abrasion, g / cm ² 0.1 0.05-0.1 0.3-0.4 0.5-0.7 0.05-0.3

Tests of the prototype showed that

the density of the proposed material is twice that of wood;

water absorption is 20 times less than that of wood;

water absorption is 5 times less than that of concrete vibrocast tiles;

in terms of compressive strength, it surpasses polymer-sand tiles;

frost resistance is close to 500 cycles, which is several times better than that of wood.

Thus, it becomes possible to expand the arsenal of building structures that do not contain wood, but which have a number of advantageous characteristics compared to analogues: safety, lack of annual maintenance, preservation of the original appearance for many years, regardless of the impact of external factors and weather phenomena .

In addition, tests have shown that the element of the building structure provides:

- no shrinkage (material over time and changing climatic conditions is not subject to change in its geometric dimensions);

- high fire resistance of the material (for terrace boards made of wood or WPC, additional impregnations are used);

- natural protection against insects (the properties of the polymer-sand composite do not allow insects to exist in it);

- better moisture resistance (the properties of the material do not allow moisture to penetrate inside, which has a very favorable effect on the number of cycles of frost resistance of the product);

- in comparison with a board made of natural wood, the proposed element of the building structure does not need constant painting or treatment with special protective agents.

In addition, the element of the building structure has high wear resistance, a large margin of mechanical strength, tolerates the effects of ultraviolet radiation, atmospheric phenomena, maritime climate, high humidity, which prevents its destruction and fungal infections.

Thus, an element of a building structure can be used as building materials and applied in various fields:

- terraces, verandas, gazebos, open outbuildings;

- moorings, piers, embankments, landscaping of the territories of reservoirs and beaches: paths, decking, deck chairs, sheds, trestle beds, locker rooms, showers;

- baths, saunas, areas around pools;

- entrance groups, porch, steps, balconies and loggias;

- cafe summer grounds, street scenes, temporary floorings;

- garden paths, sidewalks, bridges, non-standard landscape solutions, beds, greenhouses, planters, flower beds, tree trunks;

- execution of certain structures, for example, pallets (instead of wooden and plastic ones);

- outdoor small architectural forms of varying complexity, including benches, benches, armchairs, sofas, trash cans, tables, fences, railings;

- playgrounds and playgrounds, sandboxes;

- bus stops, improvement of railway stations, wayposts;

- improvement of burial sites;

- fences for garbage containers, bulky waste;

- elements of areas for walking and training dogs.

Claims (4)

1. An element of a building structure containing, as a forming material, a binder made of thermoplastic polymers and a filler made of inorganic bulk materials, characterized in that HDPE and LDPE plastics are used as thermoplastic polymers, and quartz material with a size modulus is used as a filler of inorganic bulk materials not more than 1, while the binder has the following ratio, wt.%: plastic high-pressure polyethylene (LDPE) 15-20 plastic low-pressure polyethylene (HDPE) 15-20 quartz material 60-70 2. An element of a building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that dry sand without impurities of clay, silt and other impurities is used as a quartz material. 3. An element of a building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that crushed glass is used as a quartz material.

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