RU2558040C1 - Wood concrete mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: wood concrete mixture contains cement, wood filler, water and suspension of cellulose fibres in the form of paper waste in water, which is treated in a vibration cavitation homogeniser with a rotating working element - rotor with a perforated surface and a fixed working element - stator; at circumferential rotation speed of the rotor of at least 20 m/s. Treatment in the vibration cavitation homogeniser is performed during 5-15 minutes till homogenous mass is obtained at the following component ratio, wt %: cement 15-45, suspension of paper waste 3-11, saw dust 1-10, and water is the rest.

EFFECT: improving flowability and laying ability of wood concrete mixture due to plasticising action of cellulose fibres used as one of the ingredients; simplifying a manufacturing method of finished products.

2 cl, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the production of light concrete such as arbolite based on mineral binder and wood aggregate (in the form of crushed wood, wood chips, etc.) and can be used in the manufacture of related materials from crushed wood and mineral binder, such as fiberboard, xylene and others.

Known raw mix for the manufacture of arbolite (Patent RU No. 2476399, published 02.27.2013). The invention relates to the building materials industry, in particular to the production of products (blocks) from wood-cement compositions used mainly in rural construction.

The arbolite mixture containing Portland cement, wood crushed, gypsum, lime, additionally contains asbestos fiber 5-50 mm long and prebaked at a temperature of 700-1000 ° C and ground until asbestos-cement waste passes through mesh No. 008 in the following ratio of components, weight. h: Portland cement 20-25; wood chippings 60.5-62; gypsum 1-1.5; lime 1-1.5; the specified asbestos fiber 1-1.5; the specified asbestos-cement waste 10-15, and the water-cement ratio is 0.9-1.1. The arbolite mixture is laid in a mold, compacted and left to solidify. The product removed from the mold (for example, a stove) is kept at room temperature for at least 28 days. The compressive strength of the products obtained will be at least 3 MPa.

A disadvantage of the known solution is the complexity of the composition and preparation technology of the mixture.

Known raw mix for the manufacture of wood concrete (Patent RU No. 2466952 from 11/20/2012). The invention relates to the construction materials industry, in particular to the production of products (plates, panels) from wood-cement compositions used mainly in rural construction. The arbolite mixture containing cement, wood chips, gypsum, additionally contains soap-oil and fiberglass, cut into pieces of 3-15 mm, with the following ratio of components, wt.%: Cement 30-35; wood crusher 63-67.5; gypsum 0.5-1; soap-oil 0.5-1.0; fiberglass cut into segments of 3-15 mm, 0.5-1.0, with a water-cement ratio of 0.6-0.85. The disadvantage of arbolite mixture is the complexity of the composition and the use of rather expensive components.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the developed arbolitic mixture is a raw material mixture for obtaining building material (Patent RU No. 2473481, published January 27, 2013). The invention relates to the building materials industry, in particular to the production of products (blocks) from wood-cement compositions used mainly in rural construction. Arbolite mixture contains, parts by weight: Portland cement 33-35; wood crushed 61.2-63.3; gypsum 1-1.5; Technical modified lignosulfonate 0.2-0.3; weaving waste 2-2.5, and the water-cement ratio is 0.6-0.7. The arbolite mixture is laid in a mold, compacted and left to solidify. The product removed from the mold (for example, a stove) is kept at room temperature for at least 28 days. The compressive strength of the products obtained will be at least 3 MPa.

A disadvantage of the known solution is the complexity of the composition and preparation technology of the mixture.

The objective of the invention is to develop a simpler composition of the arbolite mixture, the expansion of the ingredient base of raw materials and cost reduction due to the maximum use of local raw materials while maintaining high construction and technical indicators.

The technical result consists in improving the mobility and stackability of the arbolite mixture due to the plasticizing effect of cellulose fibers used as one of the ingredients. Subsequent tamping of the mixture is not required in the manufacture of finished products, i.e. simplifies the method of manufacturing finished products.

The finished construction product, obtained on the basis of the developed arbolite mixture, is characterized by improved surface quality, which turns out to be smoother and less porous, which with further use in construction increases the decorative properties of the finished products. The surface of the product is characterized by a pore size within 1-2 microns.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved by the fact that the arbolite mixture for the manufacture of building products, including cement, wood filler and water, additionally contains cellulose fiber obtained from paper waste. Cellulose fiber is obtained by sequentially processing paper waste paper in water at a content of up to 11 wt.%, First with a mechanical stirrer for 5-10 minutes for coarse grinding and the possibility of transportation through pipes and subsequent processing in a vibro-cavitation homogenizer to obtain a homogeneous mass.

Homogenization is carried out in a vibro-cavitation homogenizer with a rotating working element with a rotor with a perforated surface and a stationary working element with a stator. The peripheral rotor speed of at least 20 m / s, while processing in a vibrocavitation homogenizer is carried out for 5-15 minutes to obtain a homogeneous mass without the visible presence of aggregated fibers.

In accordance with the invention, the arbolite mixture contains cement, wood filler, water and a suspension of cellulose fibers in the form of paper waste in water, treated in a vibrocavitation homogenizer with a rotary working element, a rotor with a perforated surface and a stationary working element, a stator, at a rotor rotational speed at least 20 m / s, while processing in a vibrocavitation homogenizer is carried out for 5-15 minutes until a homogeneous mass is obtained in the following ratio of components tov, wt.%:

Cement 15-45 Waste paper slurry 3-11 Sawdust 1-10 Water Rest

The processed suspension of paper waste paper in water as part of an arbolite mixture can improve the quality of finished products. With other methods of processing the suspension, the physicomechanical properties of the finished product, arbolite, are deteriorated.

Waste paper as a part of the raw material mixture complies with GOST 10700-97 “Interstate standard paper waste” This standard applies to: paper and cardboard waste paper used as secondary raw materials for processing into paper, cardboard and other products in the national economy and exported.

Moreover, if necessary, the processing of cellulose fibers on a vibrocavitation homogenizer can be combined with the activation of cement by their joint processing.

A fairly important characteristic of the raw mix is its workability, that is, the ability to quite easily fill out the mold and with a specific method of compaction, without delamination during installation.

Of great importance is the rheology (deformation properties) of the mixture with a certain composition of ingredients. The use of a homogeneous mass of paper waste paper processed in a vibrocavitation homogenizer provides plasticity and elastic viscosity of the arbolite mixture and, accordingly, provide good workability.

The raw material mixture is prepared as follows.

A suspension of cellulose fibers in the form of paper waste paper in water at a content of up to 11% is introduced into the mixer, then mixing is carried out with a mechanical stirrer for 5-10 minutes for coarse grinding and the possibility of transportation through pipes through which the suspension is sent to a vibro-cavitation homogenizer with a rotor working element rotor with perforated surface and fixed working element stator. The peripheral rotor speed of at least 20 m / s, while processing in a vibrocavitation homogenizer is carried out for 5-15 minutes to obtain a homogeneous mass without the visible presence of aggregated fibers.

Next, the processed suspension of paper waste paper is mixed with a predetermined amount of cement and wood sawdust, mixed for 2-10 minutes.

The arbolite mixture has ductility and good workability within 8-12 cm along the cone of the Central Laboratory.

The resulting arbolite mixture is laid in a mold, compacted and left to solidify. The product removed from the mold (for example, a stove) is kept at room temperature for at least 28 days. The compressive strength of the obtained products is up to 4.0 MPa. Finished products are characterized by a smooth surface with a pore size in the range of 1-2 microns.

MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Example 1

Waste paper in water at a content of 11 wt.% Is mixed with a mechanical stirrer for 10 minutes for coarse grinding and the possibility of transportation through pipes through which the suspension is sent to a vibro-cavitation homogenizer with a rotating working element, a rotor with a perforated surface and a stationary working element, the stator. The peripheral rotor speed of 20 m / s, while processing in a vibro-cavitation homogenizer is carried out for 15 minutes to obtain a homogeneous mass without the visible presence of aggregated fibers.

Next, the processed suspension of paper waste paper is mixed with a predetermined amount of cement and wood sawdust, mixed for 2-10 minutes.

In laboratory conditions, cubes of size 10 · 10-10 are made of arbolite mixture. The consumption of components is as follows, wt.%:

500 grade cement fifteen Sawdust one Treated waste paper slurry eleven Water Rest

Example 2

Waste paper in water at a content of 8 wt.%. mixed with a mechanical stirrer for 5 minutes for coarse grinding and the possibility of transportation through pipes through which the suspension is sent to a vibro-cavitation homogenizer with a rotating working element, a rotor with a perforated surface and a stationary working element, the stator. The peripheral rotor speed of 30 m / s, while processing in a vibrocavitation homogenizer is carried out for 5 minutes to obtain a homogeneous mass without the visible presence of aggregated fibers.

Next, the processed suspension of paper waste paper is mixed with a predetermined amount of cement and wood sawdust, mixed for 2-10 minutes.

The consumption of components is as follows, wt.%:

500 grade cement eighteen Treated waste paper slurry 6 Sawdust 6 Water Rest

Example 3

The production of samples is carried out according to the method described in example 1. The consumption of the components is as follows, wt.%:

500 grade cement 19 Treated waste paper slurry 7 Sawdust 10 Water Rest

Example 4

The production of samples is carried out according to the method described in example 2. The consumption of the components is as follows, wt.%:

500 grade cement 34 Treated waste paper slurry 2 Sawdust 10 Water Rest

Example 5

The production of samples is carried out according to the method described in example 1. The consumption of the components is as follows, wt.%:

500 grade cement 45 Treated waste paper slurry 9 Sawdust one Water Rest

The results obtained by testing the material are illustrated by the data given in the table.

The indicated physical and mechanical properties obtained from the claimed arbolite mixture comply with the requirements of GOST 19222-84 as a lightweight structural material.

Laboratory tests were carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Composite and Construction Bonding Materials of the St. Petersburg State Technological Institute (Technical University).

Claims (2)

1. Arbolitic mixture, including cement, wood filler and water, characterized in that the composition of the mixture further comprises a suspension of cellulose fibers in the form of paper waste paper, treated in a vibrocavitation homogenizer with a rotating working element, a rotor with a perforated surface and a stationary working element stator at a peripheral speed of rotation a rotor of at least 20 m / s, while processing a suspension of paper waste paper in a vibrocavitation homogenizer is carried out for 5-15 minutes to obtain a homogen mass in the following ratio of components in the mixture, wt.%:
Cement 15-45 Waste paper slurry 3-11 Sawdust 1-10 Water Rest 2. Arbolite mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the suspension of cellulose fibers in water contains up to 11 wt.% Paper waste paper.