RU2546687C1 - Two-disc slotted hydro mechanical perforator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to secondary exposure of beds by creating of lengthwise slots in casing (operating) strings and filtering channels in bottom hole formation zone. Perforator comprises hollow case with piston at its top part and lengthwise opening at case bottom part. Rocker is fitted in said opening with axle arranged across said case. Two form discs are arranged at rocker opposite ends. Rocker drive with form discs is composed by a wedge-type pusher. Two jet nozzles are communicated via channels with the case head ends. Ball seat is arranged in the rod central bore while the spring makes the rocker return mechanism. One of said nozzles is arranged directly above lower form disc and connected with the rod inner chamber via closed channel made in the case. Wedge-type pusher is secured to the rod by clip via thrust. Ball arranged inside the rod is locked by pin. Inserts are fitted at the case and hydraulic cylinder ends to allow the device sliding and centring in the string.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and reliability.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for the secondary opening of formations by creating longitudinal slots in the casing (production) columns and the formation of filtration channels in the bottomhole formation zone.

The prior art known double-sided hydromechanical slotted puncher (US Pat. RF No. 2237859, E21B 43/112, publ. 2008), comprising a housing, a pusher-piston placed therein and a retractable cutting tool in the form of upper and lower cutting disks, each of which is mounted on its axis, the mechanism of their extension in the form of a beam mounted on the central axis, in the shoulders of which the axes of the cutting discs are installed, and made with the possibility of rotation when moving the piston-pusher.

The disadvantage of a perforator is the rapid wear of the working parts, as well as the insufficient efficiency of the hydraulic nozzles and, accordingly, poor cleaning of the rotary disks of the perforator from the products of hydromonitor destruction.

The closest of the analogues - the prototype is a slotted hydromechanical perforator (US Pat. RF No. 2422625, E21B 43/112, publ. 2010), containing a hollow body with two pistons in the upper part of the body, with a Central channel, made in the body of each, longitudinal a window in the lower part of the body, a beam with an axial body located in this window, two knobs, one at each end of the beam, a mechanism for moving the beam with knobs to the working position, a wedge-shaped pusher of the beam, two hydraulic nozzles and in the body of said lower piston, hydraulically communicated through the channel to the overpiston cavities housing landing seat, a cylindrical spring coiling.

The disadvantages of the prototype are the impossibility of equally effective simultaneous operation of hydraulic nozzles, both structural and technological, which leads to inefficient removal of products of hydraulic destruction from under the rolling discs.

The objective of the invention is to increase the reliability and manufacturability of the punch, providing increased efficiency and productivity of the process.

The technical result that provides a solution to this problem lies in the possibility of guaranteed opening of the production casing simultaneously with two disks.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the well-known perforator double-disc hydromechanical slotted, containing a hollow body with a piston in the upper part of the body, a longitudinal window in the lower part of the body, a rocker with a transverse body axis, located in this window, two knurled discs placed on at different ends of the rocker arm, the mechanism for moving the rocker arm with the thumb wheels into the working position, made in the form of a wedge pusher, two hydraulic nozzles hydraulically communicated through channels with a nadpors according to the invention, one of the nozzles is located directly above the lower rolling disk and is connected to the inner cavity of the rod by a closed channel made in the housing, the wedge pusher is attached to the rod through the stop by means of a bracket, the ball is located inside the rod and is fixed from falling out by a pin, mounted on the ends of the housing and hydraulic cylinder along the outer diameters of the device Removable liners, glidants and centering device in the column.

The figure shows the device assembly in the initial position and the dotted discs in the working position.

The perforator comprises a housing 1 with a hydraulic cylinder 2, inside of which a spring-loaded piston 3 with a hollow rod 4 is placed. An emphasis 5 with a hydraulic nozzle 6 and a bracket 7 holding the wedge pusher 8, consisting of two scarves that are free to move, are attached to the lower end of the hollow rod 4. on the open groove milled in the housing 1.

A closed channel 9 is made in the housing 1, connecting the hydraulic monitor nozzle 10 with the internal cavity of the rod 4.

In the lower part of the housing 1, on the axis 11, a lever 12 is fixed in the form of a rocker arm, on the free ends of which on the axes 13 and 14 two knurled discs are installed - the upper 15 and lower 16.

In the bracket 7, a hole is made connecting the internal cavity of the hollow rod 4 through the saddle 17 with the annulus of the well, blocked by a ball 18.

The wedge pusher 8, consisting of two scarves, forms a radial extension mechanism of the cutting unit.

The hydraulic cylinder 2, the piston 3, the rod 4 and the return spring 19 form a drive mechanism for the radial extension of the cutting unit. The ball 18 is located inside the stem 4 and is fixed from falling out by the pin 20.

At the ends of the housing 1 and the hydraulic cylinder 2, removable liners 21 are mounted on the outer diameters of the device, providing sliding and centering of the device in the column, as well as eliminating the contact of the perforator body with the column (the thickness of the liners 21 is selected depending on the wall thickness of the perforated column).

The hammer drill consists of the following main parts:

- housing 1;

- a cutting unit consisting of a lever 12 and two knurled discs 15 and 16;

- wedge pusher 8 for radial extension of the rolling discs;

- a drive mechanism for the extension of the cutting unit, consisting of a hydraulic cylinder 2, a piston 3 and a return spring 19;

- two hydraulic nozzles 6 and 10.

The punch works as follows.

By installing a perforator against the perforation interval, working pressure is created inside the assembly; at the same time pacing the layout. In this case, the piston 3 with the hollow rod 4 extends the wedge pusher 8, along the working surface of which the axis 13 rolls together with the upper rolling disk 15.

The lever 12 and the rolling disks 15 and 16 are rotated relative to the axis 11 until the rolling disks contact the walls of the casing.

With a subsequent increase in pressure and pacing the layout within a predetermined perforation interval, the rolling disks 15 and 16 are pressed into the walls of the casing.

When the rolling disks 15 and 16 go beyond the casing, increased pressure is created inside the assembly and the hydro-monitor effect of the jet of working fluid flowing out of nozzles 6 and 10 is realized at high speed, which, eroding cement stone and rock, forms perforation channels.

To stop the operation, pumping of the working fluid is stopped.

In this case, the pressure in the system drops, and by the force of the return spring 19, the piston 3 with the hollow rod 4 and the wedge pusher 8 return to their original position, removing the rolling disks 15 and 16. From the slit, the punch completely returns to its original position. After that, the punch is lifted to the surface, if necessary, raising the layout to the next interval, the punching process is repeated.

Claims (1)

A hydrodromechanical slot-hole puncher containing a hollow body with a piston in the upper part of the body, a longitudinal window in the lower part of the body, a beam with a transverse body with an axis located in this window, two knurled disks placed at different ends of the beam, a rocker movement mechanism with knurled disks in working position, made in the form of a wedge pusher, two hydraulic nozzles, hydraulically communicated through channels with nadporshne cavities of the body, a seat seat under the ball in the central channel current, a spring, as part of the mechanism of the return movement of the rocker arm, characterized in that one of the nozzles is located directly above the lower knurled disk and is connected to the inner cavity of the rod by a closed channel made in the housing, the wedge pusher is attached to the rod through the stop by a bracket, a ball located inside the rod, fixed from falling out by a pin, removable inserts are mounted on the ends of the casing and hydraulic cylinder along the outer diameters of the device, ensuring sliding and centering of the device in the column.

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