RU2528960C1 - Unit for wax extracting - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: unit for fat clarifying comprises a centrifuge-wax extractor 5 with a seal cover 2, tank 6 for water, steam generator 1, wax press 19, containers 23 and 24 for collection of pure wax and marc. The centrifuge-wax extractor 5 is made in the form of a casing with a rotor 9 in which the cell frames 11 are mounted in the holders 10. The tank 6 for water is equipped with electrical heating elements 12, a viewing window 13 and a valve. In the wax press 19 there is a cone-shaped compression screw 21 with a discharge opening equipped with an adjusting screw 22 and a mesh-filter 20. The centrifuge-wax extractor 5, the steam generator 1 and the wax press 19 are placed in one casing. And the centrifuge-wax extractor 5 is placed in the steam generator 1 over the tank 6 for water. In the steam generator 1 a safety valve 14 is mounted. The chamber bottom 17 of the centrifuge-wax extractor 5 is made with a slope turning into the drain pipe 18. The wax press 19 is placed in the lower part of the unit for wax extracting in the tank 6 for water.

EFFECT: continuous technological process of wax extracting.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to beekeeping, and in particular to devices for extracting wax from honeycomb frames.

A known unit for wax waxing, containing a tank for boiling wax materials, equipped with a mechanism for feeding wax materials, having a hopper and a nozzle in the upper part, with a feeding screw located inside it, interconnected and with a tank, inside of which there is a wax collector connected by another nozzle to a vocopress containing a pressing screw, a mesh filter, containers for collecting pure wax and pomace. The wax-casing case is mounted in the tank with the location of the loading and unloading holes outside it. The pressing screw is conical in shape. The wax collector is made in the form of a funnel. The tank is equipped with an electric heater and a viewing window. The discharge opening is equipped with an adjustment screw. The nozzle of the feeding mechanism is equipped with a fitting with a valve for connecting a water supply to it. The lower part of the tank is equipped with a valve for draining water and a hatch for cleaning the tank from sediment (Utility Model Patent of the Russian Federation No. 75538, IPC A01K 59/06, published on 08/20/2008).

The unit for waxing works as follows.

Wax raw materials (pieces of wax without frames) are poured into the hopper. Water is poured into the tank below the upper edge of the funnel. TEN is connected to an electric network. After heating the water in the tank, the feed screw is turned on, which moves the wax material from the hopper to the bottom of the tank. Since the melting point of the wax is 63-66 ° C, when it gets into water heated to 80 ° C, the wax begins to melt and float to the surface of the water. Over time, the level in the tank increases due to the supply of a new portion of the wax raw material (water level is observed through the viewing window) and the melted wax raw material is poured over the edges of the wax collector and enters the nozzle, and then into the loading hole of the screw press. As a result of the rotation of the pressing screw, the molten wax raw material is pressed, the wax penetrates through the mesh and flows into the wax container, and the squeezes and other mechanical impurities through the discharge opening into the squeeze container. Prepressing of raw materials is regulated by an adjusting screw.

The known unit for wax waxing has disadvantages.

A large amount of water is required for operation of the unit for wax melting, since part of the water leaks together with the melted wax (the water level is regulated through the sight glass) and it must be refilled for the normal operation of the unit. At the bottom of the unit, a large amount of Merva, which must be removed manually, settles in the process of refining. Before waxing, it is necessary to separate the honeycombs from the frames and grind the wax raw materials. This requires additional devices. The presence in the line for wax waxing of devices: a centrifuge, a steam generator, a device for separating honeycombs from the frames and grinding wax raw materials, a wax press with a press screw installed separately, complicates and increases the cost of the line for wax extraction. At the same time, high costs are required for the maintenance and operation of the wax recovery line, which occupies a large area.

A device is known for extracting wax from frames with sushi, made in the form of a centrifuge containing a housing with a rotor for installing frames, equipped with a mesh and having a drain fitting, a lid and a pipe for supplying steam. The rotor is provided with a sieve in the lower part with holes equal to the holes of the rotor mesh mounted above the fitting. The housing is equipped with a steam reflector. A device for extracting wax from frames with sushi is equipped with a container for draining wax with a gauze filter (AS USSR No. 814298, publ. 23.03.1981).

A known device for extracting wax from frames with sushi works as follows.

Intended frames with sushi for wax extraction are mounted on a rotor with a centrifuge grid, which is closed with a sealed lid. Steam is supplied from the boiler of the steam generator through the valve through the steam line to the centrifuge body. The centrifuge rotor is turned on by an electric motor. Heated land with steam, due to centrifugal force, is pumped out of the frame and, passing through the holes of the grid, gets on the inner walls of the casing, flows down. Solid particles of various third-party inclusions (impurities) remain on the inner surface of the grid, and some of them fall down and linger on the inner surface of the sieve. When draining the wax from the centrifuge, steam leaves the nozzle. When exiting, it hits the reflector and is reflected onto the body through its gutter. This eliminates the steam jet getting into the working one, and additional heating of the drained wax is also provided. The liquid wax, merging into a container, will fill it, passing through a gauze filter, the latter retains the bee bread and various impurities. After pumping out the wax, the frames are removed from the centrifuge, and the mechanical impurities are removed from the surface of the mesh and the grate is removed.

However, the known device for extracting wax from frames with sushi has disadvantages.

In a known device, preheated dry steam due to centrifugal force is pumped out of the frame and, passing through the holes of the mesh, gets on the inner walls of the casing and flows down. Solid particles of various impurities (mechanical impurities) remain on the inner surface of the mesh, and some of them fall down and linger on the inner surface of the sieve. In this case, mechanical impurities stick to the openings of the grid and lattice. As a result, part of the wax remains on the walls of the mesh and lattice. That is, wax loss occurs, and mesh throughput is also reduced. Mechanical impurities have to be removed manually as they accumulate on the grid and the inner surface of the sieve. Separate devices are required to separate water from the wax. In addition, the steam generator of the known device for extracting wax from the frames with sushi is installed separately from the centrifuge. The presence of additional devices for the formation of steam and separation of wax from water complicates and increases the cost of the line for wax extraction. At the same time, high costs are required for the maintenance and operation of the device for extracting wax from frames with sushi. The wax recovery line covers a large area.

A wax refinery centrifuge is also known, comprising a housing with a lid and a drain fitting, a rotor with mesh walls located in the housing, a frame holder, a steam generator connected to the housing. The steam generator is made with double walls, the inner wall of which is a casing and provided with holes for supplying steam, a hole is made in the outer wall for a fitting, and the frame holder is attached to the casing above the rotor (Utility Model Patent of the Russian Federation No. 81040, IPC A01K 59/00, publ. March 10, 2009).

Known centrifuge wax refinery works as follows.

Water is poured into the cavity of the steam generator, and honeycomb frames are mounted on the holder. Then the wax centrifuge is installed on a heat source, for example over a fire. When heated, the water in the steam generator boils, the resulting steam penetrates through the holes into the cavity of the centrifuge body, melts the honeycomb and disinfects the frame. When the molten honeycombs completely drain onto the rotor disk, it is rotated by the drive by rotating the handle. Under the action of centrifugal forces, all wax passes through the mesh wall of the rotor and flows from the cavity of the housing through the drain fitting.

Known centrifuge wax refinery has disadvantages.

Liquid wax passes through the mesh wall of the rotor and flows from the cavity of the housing through the drain fitting. Mechanical impurities, as well as the remains of dead bees and others contained in wax raw materials, remain inside the rotor, since they do not pass through the mesh wall of the rotor. In this case, mechanical impurities stick to the mesh wall of the rotor. As a result, part of the wax remains inside the rotor, and wax loss occurs. In addition, mechanical impurities remaining inside and on the mesh wall of the rotor, as the impurities accumulate inside the rotor, and after the end of the operation of the wax centrifuge, are removed manually. In addition, there is a small amount of water in the liquid wax, since the vapor generated from the steam generator, which has passed through the holes, enters the cavity of the centrifuge body. Additional devices are needed to separate the wax from the water. The presence of additional devices for extracting wax from water, installed separately, complicates and increases the cost of the wax extraction line. At the same time, large costs are required for the maintenance and operation of the wax centrifuge. The wax recovery line covers a large area.

The problem to which the invention is directed is the creation of a unit for wax waxing in a single housing and convenient in operation, which occupies a small area.

The technical solution consists in the fact that the unit for wax waxing, consisting of a centrifuge, a steam generator, a wax press, is made in a single housing.

The technical solution is achieved by the fact that the unit for wax washing containing a centrifuge-wax refinery, with a sealed lid, made in the form of a housing with a rotor in which honeycombs are mounted in holders, a water tank equipped with electric heating elements, an observation window and a crane, a steam generator, the wax press, in which the pressing screw is installed, is cone-shaped with an unloading hole equipped with an adjusting screw and a strainer, containers for collecting clean wax and squeezes, and a centrifuge-wax refinery, steam generator and Oscopress is placed in a single housing, and the centrifuge-wax refinery is placed in the steam generator above the water tank, in which the safety valve is installed, the bottom of the centrifuge-wax refinery chamber is made with a slope that passes into the drain pipe, wax-up is placed in the lower part of the unit in the water tank.

A comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the claimed unit for wax waxing meets the criterion of "novelty", as it has significant differences.

1. A centrifuge-wax refinery, a steam generator and a wax press are placed in a single housing.

2. A centrifuge-wax refinery, with installed honeycomb frames, is placed in the steam generator above the water tank.

3. A pressure relief valve is installed in the steam generator.

4. The bottom of the chamber of the centrifuge-wax refinery is made with a slope passing into the drain pipe.

5. The bottom of the centrifuge-wax refinery chamber is installed in the steam generator above the water tank under the centrifuge-wax refinery.

6. Voskressress is placed at the bottom of the unit in a water tank.

In order to reduce the occupied area, the unit for wax waxing is made in a single housing, inside of which there is a centrifuge-wax refinery, a steam generator and a wax press. When placing a centrifuge-wax refinery, a steam generator and a wax press in a single housing, the compactness of the unit for wax waxing is achieved. The technological process of separating wax raw materials from the framework, the formation of steam, wax melting, wax cleaning from mechanical impurities and water is carried out not only in one housing, but also continuously.

Due to the placement of a centrifuge-wax refinery, a steam generator and a wax press in one housing, the wax refining unit is compact, occupying a small area, ensuring the continuity of the wax extraction process. This reduces the cost of maintenance and metal consumption of the unit, as well as the cost of wax.

In order to ensure the formation of steam, necessary for separation from the framework and melting of the wax, a wax centrifuge with installed wax frames is placed above the water tank, that is, in the steam generator. When the centrifuge is mounted above the water tank, the overall dimensions of the wax extraction unit are reduced, and the occupied space and metal consumption are reduced. This facilitates the maintenance of the unit for wax extraction, since there is no need to control the water level.

The technological process of vaporization, melting of wax and the movement of liquid wax occurs continuously, and in one case.

Water in the tank is heated by electric heating elements to the temperature of steam formation. The melting point of wax is 63-66 ° C. At the vaporization temperature (100 ° C), water boils, and steam forms, under the influence of which the wax melts in the honeycomb frames and flows to the bottom of the centrifuge-wax refinery chamber, and then to the wax press. Water tank made in one case. When vaporization increases the pressure in the body of the steam generator. In order to prevent rupture of the body of the unit for wax waxing, a safety valve is installed in the steam generator.

In order to separate the liquid wax and move it to the wax press, the bottom of the centrifuge-wax refinery chamber is made with a slope passing into the drain pipe. Due to the fact that the bottom of the wax refinery chamber is sloped in the steam generator above the water tank, the molten wax separated from the frames does not solidify and flows into wax wax.

In order to separate and move the liquid wax into the wax press, the bottom of the centrifuge – wax refinery chamber is installed in the steam generator above the water tank, but under the wax reflux centrifuge. In this case, molten wax and mechanical impurities do not fall into a container of water.

In order to separate the wax from mechanical impurities and other inclusions, as well as from water, and to obtain high-quality wax, in the lower part of the unit, a wax press is placed in the water tank. This ensures the continuity of the technological process of separating wax raw materials from the framework, melting wax raw materials, moving liquid wax into wax press, separating wax from mechanical impurities and water, that is, obtaining high-quality wax in a single housing.

Identified signs of a technical solution of the inventive unit for wax refining allow us to conclude that the technical solution meets the criterion of "significant differences".

The unit for wax waxing is illustrated by drawing material. Figure 1 shows the unit for wax waxing; figure 2 shows a section aa in figure 1; figure 3 shows a section bB in figure 1.

The unit for wax waxing consists of a steam generator 1, which is closed by a sealed cover 2, consisting of two halves 3 and 4, inside of which there is a centrifuge-wax reflow 5 above a water tank 6, which is attached to the steam generator body 7 by mountings 8. In the centrifuge-wax reflow 5 there is a rotor 9 with holders 10. Honeycomb frames 11 are installed in the centrifuge - wax refinery 5, which are attached to the holders 10. The water tank 6 is equipped with electric heating elements 12 and an inspection window 13. A fuse is installed in the steam generator 1 ny valve 14, valve 15 for filling of water and the valve 16 for draining water. The bottom of the chamber 17 of the centrifuge-wax refinery 5 is made with a slope passing into the drain pipe 18, which communicates the centrifuge-wax reflow with a wax press 19. Voskopress 19 is placed in the lower part of the unit for refining wax in a water tank 6. Voskopress 19 consists of a filter mesh 20, a pressing screw 21, made in a conical shape, and an adjusting screw 22. To collect pure wax and squeezes (merva), mechanical impurities, containers 23 and 24 are installed outside the wax-up limit.

The unit for waxing works as follows. In the centrifuge wax reflow 5 radially honeycomb frames 11 are placed and fixed in the holders 10. The centrifuge wax reflow 5 is closed by a sealed lid 2. Water is poured into the water tank 6. The water level is controlled through the inspection window 13. The heating elements 12 are connected to the electric network and the water is heated to boiling (100 ° C), that is, vaporization. When boiling water, steam is released, which is distributed in a centrifuge-wax refinery 5, the process of wax melting takes place. The rotor 9 of the centrifuge-wax refinery 5 with the fixed honeycomb frames 11 rotates (the drive is not shown). The melted wax flows under the action of centrifugal forces from the honeycomb frames and along the bottom of the centrifuge-wax reflow chamber 5, made with a slope, moves to the drain pipe 18, and then to the wax press 19. The molten wax with mechanical impurities is pressed by rotation of the compression screw 21 (the drive does not shown) made cone-shaped. The wax penetrates through the filter screen 20 and flows into the container 23, and the pomace with mechanical impurities through the discharge opening of the wax press 19 into the tank 24. The wax pre-press is regulated by the adjusting screw 22. The wax press body has a temperature like water in the container 6, so the molten wax is in liquid form. This reduces the load on the pressing screw 21 and increases the yield of pure wax. To drain water from tank 6, valve 16 is used.

Using the invention allows you to place a centrifuge-wax refinery, steam generator and wax pressress in a single housing, which reduces the occupied area, while providing a continuous process for waxing. The unit for wax waxing is convenient in operation.

Claims (1)

Wax refining unit containing a wax reflux centrifuge with a sealed lid, made in the form of a housing with a rotor in which honeycomb frames are mounted in holders, a water tank equipped with electric heating elements, a viewing window and a crane, a steam generator, a wax press, in which a pressing screw is installed cone-shaped with an unloading hole equipped with an adjusting screw and a mesh filter, containers for collecting clean wax and squeezes, characterized in that a centrifuge-wax refinery, a steam generator and a wax press are placed in a single housing, and the centrifuge wax wax is placed in a steam generator above a water tank in which a safety valve is installed, the bottom of the centrifuge-wax refinery chamber is made with a slope passing into the drain pipe, the wax wax is placed in the lower part of the unit in a container for water.

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