RU2527021C1 - Tillage sowing unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: tillage sowing unit comprises a frame resting on the pneumatic wheels. The frame has a mechanism and a lifting pipe with a hydraulic cylinder, a spoke with a towing hook. On the frame a drilling system of the combined boxes for seeds and fertilisers, sowing machines, drill tubes and hoes-openers is mounted. The frame is equipped with an additional wheel from which drive at deepening the hoes-openers the sowing unit starts working. Behind the hoes-openers the harrow-levellers are mounted. The possibility of different sowing methods is provided by the drill tube mounted on the rack of the hoe-opener with the ability of its rotation it at a certain angle, adjustable by bolted connection and made of bevelled corner in the rear part of the dispensing unit of the hoe-opener. On the front part of the frame an additional transmission box is secured.

EFFECT: invention enables to improve quality of sowing operation and to increase crop yields.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and agricultural machinery, in particular, to tillage sowing machines.

Known tillage sowing unit (RF Patent N 2204891 C2, IPC A01B 49/06, 2003), which contains a frame mounted on the support wheels. A hopper is mounted on the frame, connected by the vas deferens with the coulters. The coulters are made in the form of lancet paws with dumps and levelers. Behind them are mounted cylindrical packer rollers.

When the depth of pre-sowing treatment is more than 6-7 cm, the coulters are deepened to an unacceptable depth, the technological process of furrow-tape sowing is disrupted.

The closest to the claimed invention in terms of features is the Ob seed cultivating machine (Rules for work in soil cultivation and sowing of grain crops in the Novosibirsk region: Methodological recommendations / RAAS, Sib. Separate. GNU SibIME; Prep. Utenkov G.L. . and others - Novosibirsk, 2003 - p. 72-83) with a supporting frame, supported by pneumatic wheels with a lifting mechanism and pipe, a hydraulic cylinder and a grip with a towing device. The sowing system consists of combined boxes for seeds and fertilizers, sowing machines, seed tubes and opener paws for spread strip sowing. Cones-leveling rollers are placed behind the sowing paws, which in the process of work on the soil surface form a loose moisture-saving layer. Rollers crush clods and level the surface of the field.

Rigid fastening of the opener paws on the machine frame with a significant working width (4 m) in fields with an uneven surface leads to the placement of seeds at different depths, in particular, after deep pre-sowing tillage.

The disadvantage of the analogue and prototype is the uneven distribution of seeds at different depths and a decrease in the quality of sowing, when conditions for friendly seedlings and high field germination of seeds are not provided, the unreliability of the drive turning the sowing mechanism on and off, the insufficient speed range for different crops, as well as germination weed plants simultaneously with a sown crop.

The main task solved by the claimed invention is to improve the quality of sowing work, save time when selecting high-speed modes, the reliability of the drive on and off the mechanism of the sowing apparatus, the exclusion of germination of weeds simultaneously with the sown crop.

The problem is solved in a tillage sowing unit containing a frame supported by pneumatic wheels, with a lifting mechanism and tube, a hydraulic cylinder, with a hitch with a towing device, with a sowing system of combined boxes for seeds and fertilizers, sowing machines, seed tubes and opener legs, characterized in that the frame is equipped with an additional wheel, from the drive of which the sowing apparatus starts to work when the coulter paws are deepened, harrows-levelers are placed behind the coulter paws A variety of sowing methods are provided by the tube of the vas deferens mounted on the opener foot with the possibility of turning it at a certain angle, regulated by bolting, and made from the angle with a bevel in the rear part of the opener, and an additional gearbox is attached to the front of the frame .

The technical result of the invention is to improve the quality of sowing work, increasing the yield of grain crops and the cost of grain production.

The difference from the prototype is that the frame is equipped with an additional wheel, from the drive of which the sowing apparatus starts to work when the openers are deepened, and the harrows-levelers are placed behind the openers, and the possibility of various seeding methods is provided by the tube of the ovule installed on the stand of the opener with the possibility of turning it at a certain angle, regulated by a bolt connection, and made from a corner with a bevel in the rear part of the distributor of the claw-coulter, and on the front of the frames attached additional gearbox.

In Fig.1 shows a tillage sowing unit, in Fig.2 - paw-opener.

The tillage sowing unit consists of a frame 1 supported by pneumatic wheels 2 and equipped with an additional wheel 16, with a lifting mechanism and pipe 3, a hydraulic cylinder 4, with a snap 5 with a trailing device, with a metering system of combined seed boxes 6 and 7 fertilizers, sowing devices 8, which begin to work from the drive of the additional wheel when deepening the opener paws, seed tubes 9 and opener 10, on the rack 12 of which the tube 13 is installed, the rotation of it by a certain angle is regulated by a bolt By unit 14, leveling harrows 11 are placed behind the opener legs, and the opener of the opener 15 is made from a corner with a bevel in the rear part, an additional gearbox 17 is attached to the front of the frame.

The tillage sowing unit operates as follows: from the tractor drive, the movement is fed to the box 5 with a tow hitch, then using the hydraulic cylinder 4 and the lifting mechanism and pipe 3, the pneumatic wheels 2 are lifted, thereby lowering the frame 1 with the combined seed metering system boxes for seeds 6 and tuks 7, sowing apparatus 8, seed tubes 9 and paws-openers 10 on the soil. Upon entering a certain depth of the openers 10, the additional wheel 16 begins to rotate, transmitting movement to the sowing units 8, through the seed tubes 9 from the combined seed boxes 6 and fertilizer 7, the seeds and fertilizers enter the tube 13 located on the stand 12 with the possibility of turning it at a certain angle, regulated by a bolt connection 14, through which they fall onto a switchgear 15 made of a corner with a bevel in the rear part, and are evenly distributed on the surface of the openers 10. Next, the boron ons-levelers 11, placed behind the opener legs, which make loosening, combing out plant residues to exclude germination of weeds simultaneously with the sown crop, leveling and planting seeds and fertilizers in the soil. An additional gearbox 17 is attached to the front of the frame, providing quick selection of speed modes for various crops, which saves time.

Claims (1)

A tillage sowing unit containing a frame supported by pneumatic wheels, with a lifting mechanism and tube, a hydraulic cylinder, with a hitch with a towing device, with a sowing system from combined boxes for seeds and fertilizers, sowing machines, seed tubes and opener legs, characterized in that the frame is equipped with an additional wheel, from the drive of which the sowing apparatus starts to work when the coulter paws are deepened, and harrows-levelers are placed behind the coulter paws, and the possibility of various seeding methods careless vas deferens tube mounted on the coulter counter-paw pivotally it at a certain angle, adjustable bolted joint, and is made of an angle with a bevel in the rear of the switchgear paw-opener, and the front frame part is secured additional gearbox.

Images