CN105165155A - Combination type operation machine capable of conducting fertilizer spreading, rotary tillage, sowing and spraying - Google Patents
Combination type operation machine capable of conducting fertilizer spreading, rotary tillage, sowing and spraying Download PDFInfo
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- CN105165155A CN105165155A CN201510593911.4A CN201510593911A CN105165155A CN 105165155 A CN105165155 A CN 105165155A CN 201510593911 A CN201510593911 A CN 201510593911A CN 105165155 A CN105165155 A CN 105165155A
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000721671 Ludwigia Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012377 drug delivery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035040 seed growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
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Abstract
一种撒肥旋耕播种喷药复式作业机，作业时，小皮带轮(10)通过传动皮带(9)带动大皮带轮(6)、排肥轮(5)和撒肥盘(1)转动，开始撒肥作业；通过万向节(36)带动中间传动齿轮箱(30)、中间传动齿轮箱带动旋耕刀轴(33)转动，开始旋耕碎土作业；地轮(29)驱动地轮传动链轮(28)通过排种链条(23)带动排种轴(21)转动，开始排种作业，中间传动齿轮箱上部的主动链轮(18)通过药泵传动链条(17)带动药泵传动链轮(16)转动，药泵(14)开始将药液箱(13)的药液高压输送到输药管(24)、喷药管(25)和喷头(26)上，开始喷药作业，一次完成撒肥、旋耕碎土、播种、喷药和镇压五道作业工序。
A fertilizer spreading rotary tillage, seeding and spraying compound operating machine. During operation, the small belt pulley (10) drives the large belt pulley (6), the fertilizer discharge wheel (5) and the fertilizer spreader (1) to rotate through the transmission belt (9), and starts to rotate. Fertilizer spreading operation; the intermediate transmission gearbox (30) is driven by the universal joint (36), and the intermediate transmission gearbox drives the rotary tiller shaft (33) to rotate, and the rotary tillage crushing operation is started; the ground wheel (29) drives the ground wheel transmission The sprocket (28) drives the seeding shaft (21) to rotate through the seeding chain (23) to start the seeding operation, and the driving sprocket (18) on the upper part of the intermediate transmission gear box drives the medicine pump to drive through the medicine pump transmission chain (17). The sprocket (16) rotates, and the medicine pump (14) starts to deliver the medicine liquid in the medicine solution tank (13) to the medicine delivery pipe (24), the medicine spray pipe (25) and the nozzle (26) under high pressure, and the medicine spraying operation starts , Complete the five operating procedures of spreading fertilizer, rotary plowing and crushing soil, sowing, spraying and suppressing at one time.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种复式作业机，具体是一种撒肥旋耕播种喷药复式作业机，属于农业机械技术领域。The invention relates to a compound operating machine, in particular to a compound operating machine for spreading fertilizer, rotary tillage, seeding and spraying medicine, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.
背景技术Background technique
目前，我国使用的撒肥机、旋耕播种机和喷药机为单一机具，作业工序少，需先进行撒肥，然后将撒肥后的作业地进行旋耕播种作业，最后再进行喷药作业，作业效率低，耗能高，生产成本高，拖拉机压地次数多，会造成土壤板结，不利于种子发芽生长，直接影响了规模化种植的作业效率和经济效益。At present, the fertilizer spreader, rotary tillage seeder and pesticide sprayer used in our country are a single machine tool, and there are few operating procedures. It is necessary to spread fertilizer first, then perform rotary tillage and seeding operations on the field after fertilizer spreading, and finally spray pesticides. Operation, low operation efficiency, high energy consumption, high production cost, and many times of tractor compaction will cause soil compaction, which is not conducive to seed germination and growth, and directly affects the operation efficiency and economic benefits of large-scale planting.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述现有技术存在的问题，本发明提供一种撒肥旋耕播种喷药复式作业机，该机可与大中型拖拉机配套使用，集撒肥、旋耕、播种、喷药于一体，可一次完成撒肥、旋耕、播种、喷药和镇压五道工序，减轻劳动强度的同时可以提高作业效率，增加作物产量。Aiming at the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a fertilizer spreading, rotary tillage, seeding, and pesticide spraying compound operation machine. The five processes of fertilization, rotary tillage, seeding, spraying and suppression are completed at one time, which reduces labor intensity and improves operating efficiency and crop yield.
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供一种撒肥旋耕播种喷药复式作业机，包括挂接架，挂接架的前方和拖拉机连接，挂接架的后方与机架连接，在机架的中间安装有中间传动齿轮箱，在机架的下部安装有旋耕刀，旋耕刀的旋耕刀轴通过中间传动齿轮箱驱动；在机架的后部上方设置有种子箱，在种子箱的下部设有排种盒，排种盒上的排种轴的端面固定安装有排种链轮，排种盒的下部依次连接输种管、下种管；在机架的后下方连接有地轮，所述地轮的地轮传动链轮通过排种链条与排种链轮连接；In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fertilizer spreader, rotary tillage, seeding and spraying compound operation machine, which includes a hitch, the front of the hitch is connected to the tractor, and the rear of the hitch is connected to the frame, and in the middle of the frame An intermediate transmission gearbox is installed, and a rotary tiller is installed on the lower part of the frame. A seed-discharging box is provided, and the end face of the seed-discharging shaft on the seed-discharging box is fixedly equipped with a seed-discharging sprocket, and the lower part of the seed-discharging box is connected with a seed delivery pipe and a seed-down pipe in turn; a ground wheel is connected at the rear and lower part of the frame, The ground wheel driving sprocket of the ground wheel is connected with the seeding sprocket through the seeding chain;
在拖拉机的前方安装小皮带轮、传动皮带、肥料箱，在肥料箱的侧面安装有大皮带轮、传动锥齿轮和排肥轮，小皮带轮通过传动皮带与大皮带轮连接；在传动锥齿轮的下部安装撒肥轴、撒肥盘；A small pulley, transmission belt, and fertilizer box are installed in front of the tractor, and a large pulley, transmission bevel gear and fertilizer discharge wheel are installed on the side of the fertilizer box. The small pulley is connected with the large pulley through the transmission belt; Fertilizer shaft, fertilizer spreader;
在机架的前上方连接了药液箱、加药口，在中间传动齿轮箱的上方设置有药泵，药泵的一侧安装有药泵传动链轮，在中间传动齿轮箱上安装有主动链轮，药泵传动链轮与主动链轮通过药泵传动链条连接；在药泵上连接了输药管、喷药管和喷头。The liquid medicine tank and the dosing port are connected to the upper front of the frame, and a medicine pump is arranged above the intermediate transmission gear box. The sprocket, the medicine pump transmission sprocket and the driving sprocket are connected through the medicine pump transmission chain; the medicine delivery pipe, the medicine spraying pipe and the nozzle are connected on the medicine pump.
作为本发明的进一步改进，排种盒的数量为多个，多个排种盒并排地设置在种子箱的下部，且均通过一个排种轴驱动排种，每个排种盒与一根输种管连接，多个输种管相互间隔地设置。As a further improvement of the present invention, there are multiple seed boxes, and the multiple seed boxes are arranged side by side at the bottom of the seed box, and all of them are driven by a seed shaft to arrange seeds. The seed pipes are connected, and a plurality of seed pipes are arranged at intervals with each other.
作为本发明的进一步改进，下种管的下部切斜角，斜角在30-55度范围内。As a further improvement of the present invention, the lower part of the seeding tube is bevelled, and the bevel angle is in the range of 30-55 degrees.
作为本发明的进一步改进，在旋耕刀的上方设置有挡土板。As a further improvement of the present invention, a soil retaining plate is arranged above the rotary tiller.
作为本发明的进一步改进，在肥料箱中设置有导肥板。As a further improvement of the present invention, a fertilizer guide plate is arranged in the fertilizer box.
作为本发明的进一步改进，在撒肥盘的上方设置有挡肥罩。As a further improvement of the present invention, a fertilizer shield is provided above the fertilizer spreading pan.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述中间传动齿轮箱通过万向节与拖拉机的传动机构连接。As a further improvement of the present invention, the intermediate transmission gearbox is connected with the transmission mechanism of the tractor through a universal joint.
本发明可与各种拖拉机配套使用，集撒肥、旋耕、播种、喷药于一体，先将化肥撒在地表，然后进行旋耕碎土、播种，在种子播到土壤里后，再将农药喷撒到作业后地表面，最后经地轮压实，本发明作业效率可比常规作业机具提高三倍，同时可以减少拖拉机压地次数，可避免土壤板结，降低作业成本50％，并可提高农作物的产量，增加农民种田效。The present invention can be matched with various tractors and integrates fertilizer spreading, rotary tillage, seeding and chemical spraying. First, chemical fertilizers are sprinkled on the surface, and then rotary tillage is carried out to crush the soil and sow seeds. After the seeds are sown into the soil, the Pesticides are sprayed on the surface of the ground after operation, and finally compacted by ground wheels. The operation efficiency of the invention can be increased by three times compared with conventional operation tools. Increase the yield of crops and increase farmers' farming efficiency.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
图中：1、撒肥盘，2、挡肥罩，3、撒肥轴，4、传动锥齿轮，5、排肥轮，6、大皮带轮，7、导肥板，8、肥料箱，9、传动皮带，10、小皮带轮，11、拖拉机，12、挂接架，13、药液箱，14、药泵，15、加药口，16、药泵传动链轮，17、药泵传动链条，18、主动链轮，19、种子箱，20、排种盒，21、排种轴，22、排种链轮，23、排种链条，24、输药管，25、喷药管，26、喷头，27、输种管，28、地轮传动链轮，29、地轮，30、中间传动齿轮箱，31、下种管，32、旋耕刀，33、旋耕刀轴，34、挡土板，35、机架，36、万向节。In the figure: 1. Fertilizer spreader, 2. Fertilizer cover, 3. Fertilizer spreader shaft, 4. Transmission bevel gear, 5. Fertilizer discharge wheel, 6. Large pulley, 7. Fertilizer guide plate, 8. Fertilizer box, 9 , transmission belt, 10, small pulley, 11, tractor, 12, hitch, 13, liquid medicine tank, 14, medicine pump, 15, dosing port, 16, medicine pump transmission sprocket, 17, medicine pump transmission chain , 18, driving sprocket, 19, seed box, 20, seeding box, 21, seeding shaft, 22, seeding sprocket, 23, seeding chain, 24, medicine delivery pipe, 25, spraying medicine pipe, 26 , nozzle, 27, seed delivery pipe, 28, ground wheel transmission sprocket, 29, ground wheel, 30, intermediate transmission gear box, 31, seeding pipe, 32, rotary tiller, 33, rotary tiller shaft, 34, Soil retaining plate, 35, frame, 36, universal joint.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
如图1所示，一种撒肥旋耕播种喷药复式作业机，包括挂接架12，挂接架12的前方和拖拉机11连接，挂接架12的后方与机架35连接，在机架35的中间安装有中间传动齿轮箱30，在机架35的下部安装有旋耕刀32，旋耕刀32的旋耕刀轴33通过中间传动齿轮箱30驱动；在机架35的后部上方设置有种子箱19，在种子箱19的下部设有排种盒20，排种盒20上的排种轴21的端面固定安装有排种链轮22，排种盒20的下部依次连接输种管27、下种管31；在机架35的后下方连接有地轮29，所述地轮29的地轮传动链轮28通过排种链条23与排种链轮22连接；As shown in Figure 1, a kind of manure spreader rotary tillage seeding and spraying compound operating machine, comprises hitch 12, and the front of hitch 12 is connected with tractor 11, and the rear of hitch 12 is connected with frame 35, on machine In the middle of the frame 35, an intermediate transmission gear box 30 is installed, and a rotary tiller 32 is installed on the bottom of the frame 35, and the rotary tiller shaft 33 of the rotary tiller 32 is driven by the intermediate transmission gearbox 30; The top is provided with seed box 19, and the bottom of seed box 19 is provided with seeding box 20, and the end face of the seeding shaft 21 on the seeding box 20 is fixedly installed with seeding sprocket 22, and the bottom of seeding box 20 is connected successively. Seed pipe 27, next seed pipe 31; Ground wheel 29 is connected with the rear bottom of frame 35, and the ground wheel driving sprocket 28 of described ground wheel 29 is connected with seeding sprocket 22 by seeding chain 23;
在拖拉机11的前方安装小皮带轮10、传动皮带9、肥料箱8，在肥料箱8的侧面安装有大皮带轮6、传动锥齿轮4和排肥轮5，小皮带轮10通过传动皮带9与大皮带轮6连接；在传动锥齿轮4的下部安装撒肥轴3、撒肥盘1；Small belt pulley 10, transmission belt 9, fertilizer box 8 are installed in the place ahead of tractor 11, and large belt pulley 6, transmission bevel gear 4 and fertilizer discharge wheel 5 are installed on the side of fertilizer box 8, and small belt pulley 10 passes transmission belt 9 and large belt pulley 6 connection; the fertilizer spreading shaft 3 and the fertilizer spreading disc 1 are installed at the bottom of the transmission bevel gear 4;
在机架35的前上方连接了药液箱13、加药口15，在中间传动齿轮箱30的上方设置有药泵14，药泵14的一侧安装有药泵传动链轮16，在中间传动齿轮箱30上安装有主动链轮18，药泵传动链轮16与主动链轮18通过药泵传动链条17连接；在药泵14上连接了输药管24、喷药管25和喷头26。The liquid medicine tank 13 and the dosing port 15 are connected on the upper front of the frame 35, and the medicine pump 14 is arranged on the top of the middle transmission gear box 30, and the medicine pump transmission sprocket 16 is installed on one side of the medicine pump 14, and the medicine pump drive sprocket 16 is installed in the middle Drive gear box 30 is equipped with drive sprocket 18, medicine pump drive sprocket 16 and drive sprocket 18 are connected by medicine pump drive chain 17; .
为提高播种效率，将排种盒20的数量设置为多个，多个排种盒20并排地设置在种子箱19的下部，且均通过一个排种轴21驱动排种，每个排种盒20与一根输种管27连接，多个输种管27相互间隔地设置。In order to improve the sowing efficiency, the quantity of the seeding boxes 20 is set to a plurality, and the plurality of seeding boxes 20 are arranged side by side at the bottom of the seed box 19, and all drive the seeding by a seeding shaft 21, and each seeding box 20 is connected with a seed delivery pipe 27, and a plurality of seed delivery pipes 27 are arranged at intervals from each other.
为了提高播种精确度，将下种管31的下部切斜角，斜角在30-55度范围内。In order to improve the sowing accuracy, the lower part of the seeding tube 31 is beveled, and the bevel is in the range of 30-55 degrees.
为了避免在旋耕土壤的过程中，土壤迸溅到机架35上面，在旋耕刀32的上方设置有挡土板34。In order to prevent the soil from splashing onto the frame 35 during the process of rotary tilling the soil, a soil retaining plate 34 is arranged above the rotary tiller 32 .
在撒肥的过程中，为了避免肥料都积堆在肥料箱8中造成的施肥堵塞、不均匀，在肥料箱8中设置有导肥板7。In the process of fertilizing, in order to avoid that fertilizers are all piled up in the fertilizer box 8 and cause fertilization blockage and unevenness, a fertilizer guide plate 7 is arranged in the fertilizer box 8 .
为了避免在施肥的过程中，肥料四处迸溅，在撒肥盘1的上方设置有挡肥罩2。In order to prevent the fertilizer from splashing around during the fertilization process, a fertilizer cover 2 is arranged above the fertilizer spreader 1 .
机架35的传动可以通过设置在中间传动齿轮箱30的前部的万向节36带动传动，也可以通过电机传动，本发明优选为万向节36传动，可以节约用电的成本，所述中间传动齿轮箱30通过万向节36与拖拉机11的传动机构连接。The transmission of the frame 35 can be driven by the universal joint 36 arranged on the front portion of the intermediate transmission gear box 30, or can be driven by a motor. The present invention is preferably a universal joint 36 transmission, which can save the cost of electricity. The intermediate transmission gearbox 30 is connected with the transmission mechanism of the tractor 11 through a universal joint 36 .
当拖拉机11驱动该机前进作业时，拖拉机11前面的小皮带轮10通过传动皮带9带动大皮带轮6、排肥轮5和撒肥盘1转动，开始撒肥作业；另外，在拖拉机后方通过万向节36带动中间传动齿轮箱30、中间传动齿轮箱30带动旋耕刀轴33转动，开始旋耕碎土作业；地轮29驱动地轮传动链轮28通过排种链条23带动排种轴21转动，开始排种作业，种子均匀落入输种管27并下落到已耕地上，被前面旋耕的碎土覆盖，然后被地轮29压实，中间传动齿轮箱30上部的主动链轮18通过药泵传动链条17带动药泵传动链轮16转动，药泵14开始将药液箱13的药液高压输送到输药管24、喷药管25和喷头26上，开始喷药作业，一次完成撒肥、旋耕碎土、播种、喷药和镇压五道作业工序。When the tractor 11 drives the machine to move forward, the small pulley 10 in front of the tractor 11 drives the large pulley 6, the fertilizer discharge wheel 5 and the fertilizer spreader 1 to rotate through the transmission belt 9 to start the fertilizer spread operation; The joint 36 drives the intermediate transmission gear box 30, and the intermediate transmission gear box 30 drives the rotary cultivator shaft 33 to rotate, and starts the rotary tillage crushing operation; the ground wheel 29 drives the ground wheel transmission sprocket 28 to drive the seeding shaft 21 to rotate through the seeding chain 23 , start the seeding operation, the seeds evenly fall into the seed delivery pipe 27 and fall on the cultivated land, covered by the crushed soil of the front rotary tillage, and then compacted by the ground wheel 29, the driving sprocket 18 on the upper part of the intermediate transmission gearbox 30 passes through The drug pump transmission chain 17 drives the drug pump drive sprocket 16 to rotate, and the drug pump 14 starts to deliver the drug solution in the drug solution tank 13 to the drug delivery pipe 24, the drug spray pipe 25 and the nozzle 26 at high pressure, and starts the spraying operation, which is completed at one time. There are five operating procedures of spreading fertilizer, rotary plowing and crushing soil, sowing, spraying and suppressing.
Claims (7)
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107124922A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-05 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Combined working machine is suppressed in a kind of rape precision drilling |
| CN107549150A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-01-09 | 陈泽楠 | A kind of fertilization pesticide spraying all-in-one suitable for wheat growth mid-term |
| CN107852877A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-03-30 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of rotary tillage, ridging dibbling point water dispenser |
| CN108575153A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-09-28 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Loosen the soil fertilization pesticide spraying combined working machine in orchard |
| CN108738541A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-11-06 | 安阳市国龙机械有限公司 | A kind of spray sowing farm machinery |
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| CN107852877A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-03-30 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of rotary tillage, ridging dibbling point water dispenser |
| CN108575153A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-09-28 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Loosen the soil fertilization pesticide spraying combined working machine in orchard |
| CN108738541A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-11-06 | 安阳市国龙机械有限公司 | A kind of spray sowing farm machinery |
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