RU2523080C1 - Heat exchanger, heat exchange plate and production of said heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: heat exchanger comprises several pairs of heat exchange plates made of sheet metal of 3D ordered structure. Note here that first flow channel is arranged inside the row of said pairs while between them second flow channel is composed. Every said plate has at least one through hole. The latter is surrounded by lugs cut in its zone and bent off outward. Note also that lugs of one plate are fitted in through hole of adjacent plate.

EFFECT: reliable joint between adjacent plates in through hole zone.

15 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a heat exchanger containing a number of pairs of heat exchanger plates made of a metal sheet having a three-dimensional systematic structure, wherein a first flow channel is formed inside a series of said pairs, and a second flow channel is formed between said pairs, with each plate having at least one through hole.

In addition, the invention relates to a heat transfer plate made of a metal sheet having a three-dimensional systematized structure and having at least one through hole.

The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a heat exchanger comprising a block of pairs of heat exchanger plates made of a metal sheet having a three-dimensional systematic structure, each plate having at least one through hole.

A heat exchanger of the type described above is known from US 2007/0261829. The plates of this heat exchanger have a three-dimensional systematized structure containing bends and recesses. Bends and recesses are located opposite the corresponding recesses and bends of the adjacent heat exchanger plate, forming a flow channel on the first and second sides of the heat exchanger circuit.

Other possible types of heat exchanger plates are in the shape of a herringbone.

The heat exchanger requires four connecting pipes, namely two pairs of connecting pipes. One pair of pipelines is needed on the first side of the circuit; it contains a supply pipe and a return pipe. Another pair of pipelines is needed on the second side of the circuit; it contains pipelines for supplying and returning a fluid heated or cooled by means of a heat exchanger.

In many cases, pipelines are formed by through holes, briefly referred to as "through holes." These through holes are provided in the corners of the heat exchanger plates. The heat exchanger formed from the plate block must be designed so that the inlet and outlet channels bounded by the through holes are strong enough to withstand even fairly high fluid pressures. In particular, with regard to the type of heat exchanger having the recesses disclosed in patent document US 2007/026182, the channels must withstand fairly high pressures.

In known heat exchangers, adjacent heat transfer plates are connected in the area of the through holes by means of several welds surrounding the through holes. However, such a connection is difficult to make strong enough to withstand high pressure.

The task underlying the invention is to provide a strong connection between adjacent heat transfer plates in the area of the through hole.

This problem is solved by the fact that the specified through hole is surrounded by reeds cut in the area of this through hole and bent outward, and the reeds of one plate are introduced into the through hole of the adjacent plate.

As a result, material that is removed when a through hole is formed is no longer wasted. It is used to form a wall surrounding the through hole and consisting of separate reeds. When the tongues of one plate are inserted into the through hole of the adjacent plate, a similarity is formed to the cylinder passing through the through holes, thereby creating a strong channel in the area of the hole that can withstand fairly high pressures.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, said tongues have a length that is at least two times the distance between adjacent plates. Thus, the tongues of adjacent plates can overlap each other at a fairly large distance, which can be used to provide a strong connection between adjacent plates.

In a preferred case, these tabs of the plate are connected to the tabs of the adjacent plate. Such a connection can be made, for example, by welding. The tongues of the plates form a chain holding the heat exchange plates in connection with each other, even if the pressure between the plates is high enough. Another possibility may be soldering.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tongues of adjacent plates form connecting zones, wherein adjacent connecting zones are separated from each other. This facilitates the formation of a connection between adjacent tongues. In each connecting zone, only two tabs are connected, which simplifies the creation of the connection and its verification.

Preferably, the tongues are triangular in shape. This allows you to create tabs in a simple way, making diametrical cuts passing through the through hole. If, for example, four lines are cut, eight tongues are formed that can be bent perpendicular to the plane of the heat exchange plate.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tongues of adjacent plates have the same angular position with respect to said through hole. When heat transfer plates are assembled to form a block, each tongue overlaps the tongue of an adjacent plate located in the same angular position. This results in a maximum overlap area between the tongues of adjacent plates.

Preferably, an end plate is provided in the heat exchanger having a bend configured to receive at least those reeds that are provided on the heat exchanger plate adjacent to said end plate. In a system having a block of heat exchanger plates with tongues bent down, a problem may occur in the lower part of the plate where there is no adjacent plate. One solution is to provide said end plate with a bend adapted to receive at least the heat-exchange plate next to said end plate, bent downwardly. In this case, the heat transfer plate adjacent to the end plate may have the same shape as all other heat transfer plates. In the preferred case, the bending is performed with the possibility of receiving the reeds of not only the heat transfer plate located next to the specified end plate, but also the reeds of at least the second heat transfer plate, counting from the end plate.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, said curvature has a depth greater than the height of said reeds in the perpendicular direction to said heat exchanger plate adjacent to said end plate. In this case, the tongues can remain in their vertical position, i.e. no need to warp the tongues. In any case, it is possible to connect the tongues with the wall of the arch.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the tabs of the heat exchange plate adjacent to the end plate are bent parallel to said end plate at least within its end. These tongues are bent at least twice and contain a first portion almost perpendicular to the plane of the heat exchange plate, and further comprise a second portion parallel to the plane of the end plate.

In this case, it is preferable that the tabs of the at least two heat exchange plates adjacent to said end plate form at least at their ends a layered structure on the inner surface of said end plate. Such a layered structure can easily be connected to the specified end plate.

In addition, the task of the invention is solved by creating a heat transfer plate of the type described above, in which the specified through hole is surrounded by reeds cut in the zone of the through hole and bent outward.

For the manufacture of a heat exchange plate, in most cases it is necessary to mold the plate using a press. This press can be used to cut the tongues and bend them outward, for example, almost perpendicular to the plane of the plate. These tabs facilitate assembly of the plates into blocks, since the tabs can be used as an aid to align the plates.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, said tongues are triangular in shape. In this case, diametrical sections passing through the through holes can be used. This is an easy way to make reeds.

The problem is solved by a method of manufacturing a heat exchanger containing a block of pairs of heat exchanger plates made of a metal sheet having a three-dimensional systematic structure, each plate having at least one through hole, wherein said through hole is obtained by cutting a metal sheet in the zone of the through hole for formation of reeds and bending outward of said reeds.

Thus, the tabs can be used to facilitate the assembly of the heat exchanger plate assembly. Tongues can also be used to connect heat transfer plates in the through-hole region.

In a preferred case, the tabs of the plate are introduced into the through hole of the adjacent plate. This means that the tabs of one plate overlap the tabs of adjacent plates at a given distance. This overlap zone provides a fairly strong and pressure-resistant connection between adjacent heat transfer plates.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tabs of the plate are connected to the tabs of the adjacent plate. The connection between the tongues is able to withstand the tensile forces created by the pressure inside the heat exchanger.

The invention is further described by way of example of a preferred embodiment with reference to the drawings, in which:

figure 1 on top shows a heat transfer plate,

figure 2 is an enlarged view of the upper right corner of the heat transfer plate shown in figure 1,

figure 3 depicts an assembly of a number of plates to bend the reeds,

figure 4 depicts an assembly of a number of plates, each of which has tongues,

5 depicts an example of another form of reeds,

6 illustrates an example of the connection of the reeds with the bottom plate,

7 illustrates an embodiment of the invention, an alternative to the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 6.

Figure 1 depicts a heat transfer plate 1 shown in patent document US 2007/0261829. This plate 1 contains bends 2 rising to a certain height above the plane of the heat exchanger plate 1. In addition, the heat exchanger plate 1 has recesses 3 recessed to a certain depth in this heat exchanger plate 1. Bends 2 are indicated by white circles, while recesses 3 are indicated circles with a cross. As described in patent document US 2007/0261829, two such plates 1 form a pair of plates in which one heat transfer plate 1 is rotated 180 ° relative to its longer edge 4. A number of such pairs are stacked on top of each other. As a result, a first flow channel is formed inside these pairs, and a second flow channel is formed between these pairs.

The heat exchange plate 1 is made of a metal sheet. A metal sheet is a material having good thermal conductivity, it can be molded using a press or stamp. It is also possible to use plastic materials instead of sheet metal. Bends 2 and recesses 3 form a three-dimensional systematized structure. This structure is attached by means of a press or stamp.

The heat transfer plate 1 has four through holes 5-8. These through holes 5-8 are used to form channels or conduits. For example, the through holes 5, 7 form the supply and return openings for the first flow channel, and the through-holes 6, 8 form the supply and return openings for the second fluid channel.

1, 2 and 3, the through holes 5-8 are shown closed.

2-4 illustrate a method for opening through holes 5-8.

Figures 3 and 4 depict a block of three heat exchange plates 1a, 1b, 1c.

At the first stage, four diametrical cuts are performed in the zone of the through hole 5. Four cut lines 9 are shown in FIG. After making the cuts, the area of the through hole 5 is closed by eight reeds 10. Each tongue has an almost triangular shape.

In the next step, the tongues 10 are bent outward relative to the plane of each heat exchanger plate 1a, 1b, 1c so that the tongues 10 are located almost perpendicular to the plane 11 of the heat exchanger plate 1. This is shown schematically in Figs. 3 and 4. When bending, a rounded edge is formed, but a rounded the transition between the plane 11 and the tongue 10. Cutting and bending of the tongues 10 according to the proposed embodiment of the invention is performed before the heat transfer plates 1a, 1b, 1c are assembled into a block.

When a series of heat transfer plates 1a, 1b, 1c are placed one above the other to form a block, the tongue 10 of the heat exchange plate 1a overlaps the tongue 12 of the adjacent heat exchange plate 1b. That tongue 12, in turn, overlaps the tongue 13 of the next adjacent heat exchange plate 1c.

The tongues 10, 12 form an overlap zone 14 on which they can be connected to each other, for example, by welding. The tongues 12, 13 also form an overlap zone 15 on which they can be connected, for example, also by welding.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, the overlapping zones 14, 15 (which may also be called connecting zones) are separated from each other, i.e. within each overlapping zone 14, 15, only two tongues, respectively, 10, 12 or 12, 13 overlap each other.

The tongues 10, 12, 13 have a length equal to at least twice the distance 16 between adjacent or adjacent heat transfer plates 1a, 1b. As a result, the overlap zone 14.15 is quite large.

The tongues 10, 12, 13 of all the heat transfer plates 1a, 1b, 1c have the same angular orientation with respect to the through hole 5. Thus, the end of the tongue 10, 12 always overlaps the base of the next tongue 12, 13. This allows a very reliable connection between the tongues to be created.

If necessary, such a connection can be made for all through holes 5-8.

Sealing means (not shown) may be located around the reeds between adjacent heat transfer plates 1a, 1b, 1c, since the connection of the reeds 10, 12, 13 is not necessarily leakproof in itself.

Since the connection between adjacent plates 1a, 1b, 1c is rather strong, there is no need to use a special upper or lower plate in the heat exchanger formed by the described heat exchange plate 1. This means that all heat transfer plates 1 can have the same shape and thickness.

Three-dimensional systematized structure may be different from that shown in figure 1. For example, you can use a structure known in the art as a “herringbone”.

5 illustrates an alternative embodiment for forming the reeds 10. In this case, a star 17 is cut out in the through hole 5 to form five reeds 10, each of which has a triangular shape. However, any other possible shape, such as the rounded shape of the reeds 10, may also be applicable to the present invention.

The presence of the tongues 10 bent downward causes a problem with respect to the end plate, for example the lower plate 18, i.e. where there is no adjacent plate.

6 illustrates a first solution to this problem, according to which the lower plate 18 has a bend 19 configured to receive the bent down tongues 10 of the heat exchange plate 1d adjacent to the end plate 18. It can be seen that the bend 19 has a depth greater than the length of the height of the reeds 10, bent perpendicular to the plane of the heat exchange plate 1d, located next to the end plate 18. In this case, it becomes possible to enter the reeds 10 into the bend 19 completely, without the need for their deformation.

The bend 19 includes not only the tongues 10 of the heat exchange plate 1d adjacent to the end plate 18, but also the tongues of the second heat exchange plate 1e, starting from the end plate 18. The tongues of these two heat exchange plates 1d, 1e can be attached to the inner wall of the bend 19. However, in the bend 19 it is possible to introduce even more reeds, i.e. reeds of more heat exchange plates 1d, 1e, ...

Another possible solution to this problem is illustrated in Fig.7. In this case, an end plate 20 is used having a flat inner surface 21. In this case, the tabs 10 of the heat exchange plates 1d, 1e adjacent to the end plate 20 are further bent to form portions 22 extending parallel to the inner surface 21 of said end plate 20. These tabs form a layered structure on the inner surface 21 of the specified end plate 20.

It can be said that the tongues 10 are formed by cutting in a direction determined by a vector that has a non-zero component in the radial direction extending toward the center of the corresponding hole 5-8. Moreover, the angular component of this vector, which is tangential with respect to the circumference of the hole, can be zero or non-zero.

The formation of the tongues 10 and their connection, as described here, allows you to get the so-called pipe-like structure passing through the inside of the heat exchanger. This provides a solid structure in the area of holes 5-8. If instead, openings 5-8 would be flanged in such a way that they would have a bezel bent downward without cutting with a vector component radially different from zero, then the formed pipe would also provide blocking for the passage of fluid into the spaces between the heat exchange plates, as a result, holes would also be formed. Meanwhile, due to the formation of tongues 10 with the radial component of the vector during cuts, the material is removed from the hole, which is also illustrated in Fig. 5 (Fig. 3 illustrates the situation when the angular component of the vector is zero), and then such holes will form naturally when connected bent down reeds 10, while their size will depend on the relative radial component of the vector with respect to the angular component of the vector.

Claims (15)

1. A heat exchanger containing a series of pairs of heat exchanger plates (1) made of a metal sheet having a three-dimensional systematized structure (2, 3), the first flow channel being limited inside the series of said pairs, and the second flow channel being limited between these pairs, each the plate (1) has at least one through hole (5-8), characterized in that said through hole (5-8) is surrounded by tongues (10, 12, 13) cut in the zone of the through hole (5-8) and bent outward, and the tongues (10, 12, 13) of one plate (1) are inserted into the through hole of the adjacent plate (1b), while the tabs (10) are cut out with a non-zero radial component of the vector. 2. A heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that said tongues (10, 12, 13) have a length that is at least two times the distance (16) between adjacent plates (1a, 1b). 3. A heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said tabs (10, 12) of the plate (1a, 1b) are connected to the tabs (12, 13) of the adjacent plate (1b, 1c). 4. The heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that the tabs (10, 12; 12, 13) of adjacent plates (1a, 1b; 1b, 1c) form the connecting zones (14, 15), and adjacent connecting zones (14, 15 ) are separated from each other. 5. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that the tongues (10, 12,13) have a triangular shape. 6. A heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that said tongues (10, 12, 13) of adjacent plates have the same angular position relative to said through hole (5-8). 7. A heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that an end plate (18) is provided therein having a bend (19) configured to receive at least those tongues (10) that are provided on a heat transfer plate (1d) adjacent to said end plate (18). 8. A heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that said curvature (19) has a depth greater than the height of said reeds (10) in the perpendicular direction to said heat exchanger plate (1d) located next to said end plate (18). 9. A heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that the tabs (10) of the heat exchange plate (1d) adjacent to the end plate (20) are bent parallel to the specified end plate (20) at least within its end. 10. A heat exchanger according to claim 9, characterized in that the tabs (10) of at least two heat exchange plates (1d, 1e) adjacent to said end plate (20) form, at least within their end, a layered structure on the inner surface (21) of said end plate (20). 11. A heat exchange plate (1) made of a metal sheet having a three-dimensional systematized structure (2, 3) and having at least one through hole, characterized in that said through hole (5-8) is surrounded by tongues (10, 12 , 13) cut out from the zone of the through hole (5-8) and bent outward. 12. The heat transfer plate according to claim 11, characterized in that said tongues (10, 12,13) have a triangular shape. 13. A method of manufacturing a heat exchanger containing a block of pairs of heat exchanger plates (1) made of a metal sheet having a three-dimensional systematic structure (2, 3), each plate (1) having at least one through hole (5-8), characterized in that the said through hole (5-8) is obtained by cutting a metal sheet in the zone of the through hole (5-8) with the formation of reeds (10, 12, 13) and by bending out said reeds (10, 12, 13). 14. The method according to item 13, wherein the tabs (10, 12) of the plate (1a, 1b) are inserted into the through hole of the adjacent plate (1b, 1c). 15. The method according to 14, characterized in that the tabs (10, 12) of the plate (1A, 1b) are connected to the tabs (12, 13) of the adjacent plate (1b, 1c).

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