RU2519146C1 - Gypsum perlite - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: gypsum perlite contains a gypsum binder, such as a processed mechanically activated phosphogypsum ground to 5-40 mcm (active gypsum), hydrophobizated swollen sand, superplasticiser Melflux at the following ratio of components, wt %: active gypsum - 84.8-93.8%, hydrophobizated swollen perlite sand - 6-15%, superplasticiser - 0.2%.

EFFECT: improved heat insulation and strength properties at low prime cost.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, namely to building materials, and can be used for the manufacture of heat-insulating products with load-bearing properties.

Known raw mix for the manufacture of insulating products, containing, wt.%: Expanded perlite sand 50-56; asbestos 4-33; a binder 17-40, and using a binder composition, wt.%: quartz sand powder 70-85 and ground lime 15-30, or composition, wt.%: expanded perlite sand powder 70-80; ground lime 15-25 and gypsum stone ground 4-5 (patent for invention SU 1818321, published 05/30/1993). The disadvantage of this mixture are low thermal insulation properties.

A known mixture for the manufacture of insulating material containing expanded perlite sand, mineral binder, basalt fiber or fiberglass and polymer additives (copyright certificate SU 726068, published 05.04.1980). The disadvantages of this mixture are low thermal insulation properties and relatively high cost.

Closest to the proposed invention is a raw material mixture for the manufacture of heat-insulating products, in the composition of which is known astringent containing phosphogypsum and expanded perlite (copyright certificate SU 1650640, published 05.23.1991). However, products obtained from the specified raw material mixture have low thermal insulation properties, as well as low strength.

The objective of the invention is to obtain products with high thermal insulation properties, high strength and low cost.

The technical result is an increase in thermal insulation and strength properties.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the raw material mixture containing processed and mechanically activated phosphogypsum (Gipsaktiv) and gidrofobizirovanny expanded perlite sand, additionally contains Melflux superplatifier in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Gipsaktiv - 84.8-93.8; expanded perlite sand - 6-15; and superplatifier 0.2.

As a superplasticizer use a plasticizer Melflux.

Phosphogypsum is mechanically activated by means of aerodynamic activators of any type, grinding it to 5-40 microns.

Gipsaktiv is mixed with perlite in the appropriate proportions in the mixer (see table 1). The mixture can be mixed directly at the site before mixing or in stationary conditions with subsequent packaging. Mixing of the mixture occurs in mixers immediately before use. The start time of setting the gypsum plaster is 4-5 minutes (completion of setting 8-10 minutes). When using gypsum perlite as a monolith for pouring walls or casting large-sized products, gypsum set retarders should be used.

Water-repellent agents can be used as modifiers for expanded perlite sand: Tiprom C, Dew, GKZH-11, GSK-1 and other water-repellent modifiers.

Gypsoperlite concrete has high strength. For comparison, gypsum perlite with a specific gravity of 0.8 (the average specific gravity of all foam and aerated concrete available on the building materials market) has a compressive strength of 60 to 70 kg / cm ² , while the above foam and aerated concrete do not exceed 35 kg / cm ² . It has high frost resistance (over 35 cycles), high moisture resistance and low specific thermal conductivity of 0.14 W / (m · K). For comparison, the red brick is 0.81, expanded clay concrete 0.35, foam concrete 0.26, wooden beam 0.18.

Taking into account the above properties, gypsum perlite concrete can be used as the main supporting wall material during construction, while the wall can be produced both by pouring into fixed formwork and by making building blocks from gypsum perlite.

Gypsoperlite with a specific gravity of 0.6-0.65 can be used for interfloor and ceiling ceilings, a small specific gravity and low thermal conductivity of 0.13 with a sufficiently high strength makes it possible to produce effective heat / soundproof floors. Gypsoperlite with a specific gravity of 0.4-0.5 is used for effective insulation of roofs and floors. Its thermal conductivity is 0.08-0.09.

Table 1 Example Mechano
activators.
phosphogypsum Hydrophobic
zied
expanded perlite
sand Melfux Density,
kg / m ³ Strength, kg / cm ² Thermal conductivity
W / (mK) one 93.8 6 0.2 0.8 60-70 0.15 2 86.8 13 0.2 0.65 35-40 0.13 3 84.8 fifteen 0.2 0.45 8-10 0.09

Claims (1)

Gypsoperlite containing gypsum binder and expanded perlite sand, characterized in that recycled crushed to 5-40 microns and mechanically activated phosphogypsum are used as gypsum binder, hydrophobized expanded perlite sand is used as expanded pearlite sand and additionally contains Melflux superplasticizer in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
mechanically activated phosphogypsum - 84.8-93.8;
hydrophobized expanded perlite sand - 6-15;
superplasticizer - 0.2.