RU2505423C2 - Suspension assembly of support wheel in transport vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: automobile production.

SUBSTANCE: suspension assembly of a support wheel in a transport vehicle includes the following: two-axis cam (11), the first axis (12) of which is intended for installation of support wheel base (14), and the second axis (13) is fixed so that it can rotate almost parallel to the first axis (12) and intended for transfer of rotation to drive element (15). Support wheel base (14) is made in the form of a hollow cylinder with a hub for further fixation with possibility of rotation on the first axis (12) of two-axis cam (11). On inner and outer surfaces of the hollow cylinder there is drive track (16) to ensure engagement with drive element (15) that is rigidly fixed on the second axis (13) of two-axis cam (11). Outer surface of drive element (15) is engaged with surface of drive track (16). Different additional elements can be attached to base (14), and capacities can be located in the hollow cylinder of base (14).

EFFECT: easy and reliable structure of multifunctional wheels for transport vehicles.

12 cl, 8 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to vehicles, and in particular, to a suspension unit of a support wheel in a vehicle, and is intended for use in vehicles for various purposes, for example, in all-terrain vehicles, unmanned vehicles, etc.

State of the art

For the design and manufacture of special vehicles used for off-road movement or for performing special tasks (for example, to extinguish forest fires, peat bogs, to eliminate the effects of technological disasters, etc.), usually use either large-diameter wheels on ultra-low pressure tires, or metal, rubber-cord, gas-filled and other types of caterpillars.

At the same time, the larger the diameter of the wheels used, the more difficult and harder the transmission of the vehicle is obtained with the required reliability indicators, the dimensions increase, the total curb weight and cost, the delivery of such vehicles to the place of operation is much more difficult. The use of caterpillar tracks with different types of caterpillars for these purposes involves the use of either a side turn, or the articulation of two caterpillar modules, or a mixed wheeled-caterpillar design, which ultimately leads to similar results.

For both wheeled and tracked vehicles, the most expensive and most unreliable components are the tires and tracks themselves, as well as the suspensions and transmission elements that set them in motion and ensure the carrying capacity, stability and maneuverability of vehicles.

In technical solutions with different types of tracks (RF patent No. 2225299, publ. 05/27/2008; RF patent No. 2119438, publ. 09/27/1998), and especially wheels simple puncture of a tire or an elastic element of a pneumatic track leads to the impossibility of further operation of the vehicle without repair or replacement.

Some vehicles use a suspension of the driven wheels in order to increase the cross-country ability, in which the paired driven wheels are driven by a smaller drive wheel (or roller) sandwiched between them (see US Patent No. 3923112, publ. 02/12/1975; UK patent No. 1461547, publ. 01/13/1977). This design provides sufficient simplicity and high traffic when it comes to vehicles designed to move on roads with relatively hard surfaces. However, when it comes to off-road, conventional wheels used in these technical solutions practically do not allow to move confidently.

The Soviet Lunokhod on hard wheels, made in the form of two circles fastened by straight rods, proved to be relatively good on off-road. However, in the Lunokhod, due to reliability requirements, as well as restrictions on weight and size, the wheel drives were individual and did not make it possible to develop any higher speed.

Disclosure of invention

The purpose of this invention is to develop such an assembly of a suspension wheel of a support wheel in a vehicle, which would provide a simple and at the same time reliable design of multifunction wheels for vehicles for various purposes, including all-terrain vehicles and unmanned vehicles.

To achieve the specified technical result, the present invention proposes a suspension assembly of the support wheel in a vehicle, comprising: a biaxial cam, the first axis of which is designed to install the base of the support wheel, and the second axis is rotatably mounted almost parallel to the first axis and is designed to transmit rotation to the drive element; the basis of the support wheel in the form of a hollow cylinder with a hub, made for subsequent fastening with the possibility of rotation on the first axis of the biaxial fist, and on the inner or outer surface of the hollow cylinder a drive track is made to provide adhesion to the drive element; a drive element rigidly fixed to the second axis of the biaxial fist, the outer surface of the drive element being in engagement with the surface of the drive track of the hollow cylinder.

A feature of the suspension unit according to the present invention is that the drive element can be made in the form of a gear wheel, and the drive track is made with corresponding grooves designed to engage the teeth of the gear during its rotation. Alternatively, the drive element may be in the form of a friction roller, and the surface of the drive track is adapted to engage with the friction roller.

Another feature of the suspension unit according to the present invention is that the biaxial fist may have seats for attachment to the vehicle body.

Another feature of the suspension unit according to the present invention is that inside the hollow cylinder, seats can be made for fastening at least one container thereon, or at least one container can be made inside the hollow cylinder. In this case, the container can be made annular or each of the containers can be made in the form of an annular segment.

Another feature of the suspension unit according to the present invention is that the outer surface of said hollow cylinder outside said drive track can be configured to install an additional member selected from the group consisting of a rubber cord track, a pneumatic tire, and lugs.

Another feature of the suspension unit according to the present invention is that the support wheel base may comprise, on its side facing away from the biaxial cam, seats for attaching at least one additional container thereto.

Another feature of the suspension unit according to the present invention is that the support wheel base may comprise, on the side facing away from said biaxial cam, seats for attaching an additional wheel thereto.

Finally, another feature of the suspension unit according to the present invention is that the base of the support wheel may comprise, on its side facing away from the biaxial cam, seats for attaching actuators thereto designed to perform at least some functions of the group including in itself: the functions of sampling soil or liquid, the functions of mixing substances and discharging the mixture, the functions of passive protection and (or) shielding, the functions of active protection, the functions of the manipulator, functions spruce in the fluid.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which the same or similar elements are assigned the same reference position.

Figure 1 shows the conditional view of the suspension node of the support wheel according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 shows the conditional view of the suspension node of the support wheel according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 shows various embodiments of the support wheel.

Figure 4 shows a possible embodiment of the support wheel with additional elements.

Detailed Description of Embodiments

The support node of the support wheel in the vehicle according to this invention may have two main options for its implementation.

Figure 1 shows the conditional view of the suspension node of the support wheel according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The support wheel according to this invention is an integral element and is indicated in the drawings by reference numeral 10. The main element of the support wheel suspension assembly is a biaxial cam 11. The first axis 12 of this biaxial cam 11 extends horizontally to the side opposite to the vehicle body (which in FIG. 1a is assumed to the right of the biaxial fist 11). The first axis 12 is intended for installation on it of the base 14 of the support wheel 10 with the possibility of rotation. The second axis 13 of the biaxial fist 11 is mounted in it with the possibility of rotation almost parallel to the first axis 12 and is designed to transmit rotation from the engine (not shown) of the vehicle to the drive element 15 rigidly mounted on the second axis 13, described below.

The base 14 of the support wheel 10 for the first embodiment of FIG. 1 is a hollow cylinder with a sleeve protruding from the bottom in the center inside this hollow cylinder and made for subsequent fastening with the possibility of rotation on the first axis 12 of the biaxial cam 11. On the inner surface of this hollow in the first embodiment of FIG. 1, a drive track 16 is provided for engaging with the drive member 15. In this embodiment, the bottom of the hollow cylinder is located on the side facing away from the biaxial shaft about the fist 11. Note that the bottom of the hollow cylinder is not necessarily continuous, it can be made in the form of spokes, as shown in Fig. 16, then the sleeve is a hub.

The drive element 15, as already noted, is rigidly fixed to the second axis 13 of the biaxial cam 11. The outer surface of the drive element 15 is in engagement with the surface of the drive track 16 inside the hollow cylinder. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the drive element 15 is made in the form of a gear, and the drive track 16 has corresponding grooves for engaging the teeth of the gear during its rotation, as can be seen in FIG. 16. These grooves can be made in the form of windows or jumpers of a fixed pitch for engagement with the teeth of the gear wheel (drive element 15).

Note that with such an internal (inside the hollow cylinder) arrangement of the drive pair, i.e. the drive element 15 and the drive track 16, the rotation of the support wheel 10 will occur in the same direction as the rotation of the drive element 15.

The biaxial fist 11 is attached to the vehicle body by appropriate levers 17 or other means for securing the suspension wheel support assembly of the present invention. The levers 17 are connected to the biaxial fist 11 using the so-called silent blocks (rubber-metal hinges, which are two metal bushings between which there is a rubber insert), if the support unit of the support wheel is not swivel, or the ball bearings, when the suspension unit of the support wheel must rotate . Of course, any other structures known or developed in the future can be used to fasten the suspension unit of the support wheel. Note that the biaxial fist 11 has corresponding seats for levers or other fastening means that provide fastening to the vehicle body.

Figure 2 shows the conditional view of the suspension node of the support wheel according to the second embodiment of the present invention. For reasons of economy, only differences between this embodiment and that shown in FIG. 1 will be described.

As can be seen from Figure 2, in this embodiment, the drive element 15 is not located inside the base 14 of the support wheel 10, but outside it. Therefore, the drive track 16 is located on the outer surface of the hollow cylinder. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the drive element 15 is made in the form of a friction roller, and the surface of the drive track 16 is adapted to engage with this friction roller, as seen in FIGS. 2a and 26, where the drive roller (drive element 16) is shown tapered in the lower part. For this, the surface of the drive track 16 may have additional elements or coatings that increase the coefficient of friction.

The external (outside the hollow cylinder) arrangement of the drive pair, i.e. the drive element 15 and the drive track 16, allows you to use in this embodiment a different design of the base 14 of the support wheel 10. As can be seen from Fig.2a, the hollow cylinder of the base 14 has a bottom on the side facing the biaxial cam 11. As in the first embodiment , the bottom of the hollow cylinder is not necessarily continuous, as shown in Fig. 26, it can be made in the form of spokes, then the sleeve is a hub.

Note that with such an external (outside the hollow cylinder) arrangement of the drive pair, i.e. the drive element 15 and the drive track 16, the rotation of the support wheel 10 will occur in the opposite direction compared with the rotation of the drive element 15.

As can be seen from the above description, the design of the support wheel 10 provides an open wheel gearbox of internal or external gearing.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other embodiments of the support wheel 10 may also take place. For example, in the hollow cylinder of the base 14, the spokes may extend not from the edge, but from the middle of the cylindrical surface at any location of the drive element 15 and the drive track 16. Or the bottom of the hollow cylinder the location of the drive element 15 and the drive track 16 may begin from the edge of the cylindrical surface on the side facing away from the vehicle (i.e., to the left in FIG. 1a), then go into the cylindrical surface of such a meter to leave free space for the drive element 15, and end with a solid bottom with a sleeve in the center on the side facing the vehicle (i.e., on the right in Fig. 1a). Instead of a sleeve, a conical or funnel-shaped surface can be provided in the center of the bottom, ending with a sleeve for putting on the first axis 12. These cones or funnels can also be formed by knitting needles. Examples of such embodiments of the framework 14 are shown in FIG. 36 and Sv.

The above construction of the support wheel 10 allows you to install various components on the outer surface of the hollow cylinder (outside the drive track 16 when it is externally), as shown in FIG. 3. It can be, for example:

1. Rubber-cord caterpillars 18 with a width of 150 to 600 mm, commercially available (Figa). In this case, the grooves in the drive track 16 for engaging the teeth of the drive element 15 on the surface of the hollow cylinder of the base 14 of the support wheel 10 can be omitted, and windows and jumpers of the rubber-cord track 18 itself can be used.

2. Pneumatic longitudinal tire-shell 19 fixed by transverse elastic elements 20 in the form of rubber-cord strips, cables, chains, etc. (Fig.3b).

3. A variety of rigid and elastic lugs 21 of various designs (zigzags, circles, ellipses, etc.), also secured by transverse elastic elements or screw connections to the surface of the base 14 of the support wheel 10 (Figv).

Mentioned transverse elements 20 and lugs 21 can also be installed on top of the rubber-cord tracks 18.

Note that the implementation of the base 14 of the support wheel 10 in the form of a hollow cylinder allows you to use the internal volume of this hollow cylinder, not occupied by the sleeve (hub) and the free space necessary for the operation of the drive element 15. For example, in the said internal volume of the hollow cylinder of the base 14 can be a container 22 is made, or inside the hollow cylinder of the base 14, seats (for example, threaded holes) can be provided for securing the container, which is made separately (Fig. Za). If, for structural reasons, it is impossible to use one annular container 22, in the hollow cylinder of the base 14, several containers 23, each made, for example, in the form of an annular segment, can be made or placed on the corresponding seats, so that together they form a composite annular container (Fig.3b and 3c).

If these containers 22 or 23 are leaky, they can be filled with any lightweight structural material, such as mounting foam, etc., which does not absorb water and increases the overall stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the support wheel 10. If containers 22 or 23 are leakproof, they can be used to transport liquid materials such as, for example, water, fuel, alkalis, acids, chemicals, and the like.

The design of the support wheel 10 allows you to further expand the possibilities of its use. As shown in FIG. 4, to the support wheel 10 on the side facing away from the vehicle (i.e., to the left in FIG. 4), additional equipment 24 can be installed: side wheels, containers, devices, actuators, i.e. make the support wheel 10 composite. To do this, on the side of the support wheel 10 facing away from the vehicle (from the biaxial fist 11), corresponding seats (for example, threaded holes) are made. As actuators, you can specify, for example, the following:

1. Mechanisms for sampling soil or liquid.

2. Mechanisms for mixing substances and the release of the resulting mixture. This, for example, can be foaming agents, multicomponent compounds, self-igniting liquids, antiseptics, disinfectant, decontamination and other drugs and reagents in liquid, solid or gaseous form.

3. Mechanisms for passive protection and (or) shielding. These may be, for example, mechanisms for discharging coolant or gas for a fire engine vehicle. Or, for example, it can be mounted armor protection, fire protection, shielding elements and devices. Since the diameter of the wheels can be made greater than the height of the vehicle body, and the external shape of the mounted elements on the wheels can reflect certain influences, for example, bullets, shells, laser beams, etc., it is possible to redistribute the thickness of the armor (protective material) between body and external wheels of the vehicle (tank or armored vehicles). In this case, if the hinged elements or the entire wheel are damaged, the hull, crew or internal contents of the vehicle are maintained. Attachments and wheels are easily replaced, and multi-wheeled vehicles can retain their ability to move when one or more wheels are damaged in their area of operation.

4. Mechanisms for active protection, for example, elements or devices of damaging radiation.

5. Manipulators.

6. Propulsors in a fluid medium, for example, paddle blades.

Thus, the suspension unit of the support wheel in the vehicle according to this invention allows:

1. Create support wheels with the required parameters and dimensions with open wheel gears of internal or external gearing.

2. Significantly reduce the weight of the support wheels, transmission, curb weight and dimensions of the vehicle as a whole.

3. Use engines of lower power and reduce energy consumption.

3. Increase the clearance, patency and reliability of the vehicle.

4. Use the support wheels of a single and composite structure for transporting liquid and solid products, placing various devices and actuators.

Claims (12)

1. The suspension node of the support wheels in the vehicle, containing:
- biaxial fist, the first axis of which is designed to install the basis of the aforementioned support wheels, and the second axis is mounted with the possibility of rotation almost parallel to the aforementioned first axis and is designed to transmit rotation to the drive element;
- the basis of the said support wheel in the form of a hollow cylinder with a hub, made for subsequent fastening with the possibility of rotation on the said first axis of the biaxial fist, moreover, a drive track is made on the inner or outer surface of the said hollow cylinder to provide adhesion to the drive element;
- a drive element rigidly mounted on said second axis of the biaxial cam, the outer surface of said drive element being in engagement with the surface of said drive track of the hollow cylinder. 2. The suspension assembly according to claim 1, wherein said drive element is made in the form of a gear wheel, and said drive track is made with corresponding grooves for engaging the teeth of said gear wheel during its rotation. 3. The suspension assembly according to claim 1, wherein said drive element is made in the form of a friction roller, and the surface of said drive track is made to engage with said friction roller. 4. The suspension assembly according to claim 1, wherein said biaxial fist has seats for attachment to a vehicle body. 5. The suspension unit according to claim 1, in which inside the said hollow cylinder is made seats for fastening on them at least one tank. 6. The suspension unit according to claim 1, in which at least one container is made inside the said hollow cylinder. 7. The suspension unit according to claim 5 or 6, in which said container is made annular. 8. The suspension unit according to claim 5 or 6, in which each of the mentioned containers is made in the form of an annular segment. 9. The suspension unit according to claim 1, wherein the outer surface of said hollow cylinder outside said drive track is configured to install an additional member selected from the group consisting of a rubber cord track, a pneumatic tire, and a lug. 10. The suspension unit according to claim 1, in which the aforementioned base of the support wheel contains, on its side facing from said biaxial fist, seats for attaching at least one additional container thereto. 11. The suspension unit according to claim 1, in which the aforementioned base of the support wheel comprises, on the side facing away from said biaxial fist, seats for attaching an additional wheel thereto. 12. The suspension assembly according to claim 1, wherein said support wheel base comprises, on its side facing said biaxial fist, seats for attaching actuators thereto designed to perform at least some functions of a group including itself: the functions of sampling soil or liquid, the functions of mixing substances and discharging the mixture, the functions of passive protection and / or shielding, the functions of active protection, the functions of the manipulator, the functions of the propulsor in a fluid medium.

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