RU2491708C2 - Electromechanical control device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: voltage multiplier, toroidal potentiometer, drive, a unit of two automatic circuit-breakers and commutation switch are introduced into elecrtromechanical control device; at that output of three-phase rectifier is connected to the first input of the automatic circuit-breaker having an output connected to the first input of the unit of two automatic circuit-breakers having the second output and the first and second inputs connected respectively through toroidal potentiometer, through voltage multiplier to the above output of the automatic circuit-breaker, through commutation switch to input of the electric motor, to input of the drive connected rigidly to toroidal potentiometer.

EFFECT: automatic voltage control without bulkiness of the device, increasing economy of power resources.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and can be used to control the shaft of the generator. A device for electromechanical control, which is part of the autonomous power supply system described in the patent of the author No. 2284644, is known.

It includes a synchronous generator and a DC motor. A motor shaft can be rigidly connected to the shaft of the synchronous generator. In addition, the shaft of the DC motor is rigidly connected to the generator. The latter can be rigidly connected with the actuator in the form of a pair of wheels, a propeller, etc. However, the time of inertial rotation of the shaft after turning off the motor can be increased by ensuring that the constant voltage from the output of the three-phase rectifier is maintained by automatically regulating it before it enters the motor input through an automatic release. At the same time, three phases enter the input of a three-phase rectifier from a synchronous generator. However, energy savings cannot be increased.

A device for electromechanical control presented in the patent of the author No. 2396695 is known. In it, unlike the aforementioned, an engine control panel is introduced, which provides an electrical signal to the engine. In the absence of such a signal, the automatic release trips and passes the voltage to the electric motor. It automatically controls at different speeds of rotation of the generator shaft. However, the increased regulation interval requires an increase in cumbersomeness. In addition, there is no way to increase energy savings. Using the proposed device, automatic voltage regulation is performed without increasing bulkiness and increasing energy savings. This is achieved by introducing a voltage multiplier, a toroidal potentiometer, a drive, a block of two automatic releases and a switch, while the output of the three-phase rectifier is connected to the first input of the automatic release 7, which has an output connected to the first output of the block of two automatic releases, and has a second input, first, second outputs, respectively connected through a toroidal potentiometer, through a voltage multiplier with the aforementioned output of an automatic trip, through a switch with input odom of the electric motor, and with an input of the drive rigidly connected with the toroidal potentiometer.

In figure 1 and in the text the following notation

1 - actuator

2 - DC motor,

3 - synchronous generator

4 - engine

5 - three-phase rectifier,

6 - engine control panel,

7 - automatic release,

8 - switch

9 - voltage multiplier,

10 - drive

11 - toroidal potentiometer,

12 is a block of two automatic trip units, while the actuator 1 is rigidly connected to a DC motor 2, having a rigid connection with a synchronous generator 3, rigidly connected to a motor 4, having an input connected to the output of the motor control panel 6, also connected to the second input automatic release having a first input connected to the output of a three-phase rectifier 5, the first, second and third inputs of which are respectively connected to the first, second third outputs of the synchronous generator 3, and the output of the automatic release 7 is connected via a voltage multiplier 9, through a toroidal potentiometer 11 with the second input of a block of two automatic releases 12 having a first input and first and second outputs respectively connected: with the output of the automatic release 7, through a switch 8 with the input of a DC motor 2 , with the input of the actuator 10, rigidly connected with the toroidal potentiometer 11.

The operation of the device is as follows

The engine 4, which can be an internal combustion engine or a diesel engine, rotates the shaft at different speeds and is rigidly connected to a synchronous generator 3, which is rigidly connected to a DC motor 2, rigidly connected to the actuator 1. In this case, the engine 4 is switched on by supplying an electric signal from the engine control panel 6. After turning off the engine 4, the shaft of the synchronous generator 3 will continue to rotate inertia. The magnitude of the alternating voltage from the outputs of the generator depends on the speed of rotation of the shaft. This voltage is converted to constant in a three-phase rectifier 5. And through an automatic release 7, which works when there is no electric signal from the remote control 6 with the engine 4 turned off, through a voltage multiplier 9, which increases the voltage, the toroidal potentiometer 11 is fed to the second input of the block of two automatic releases 12 having a first input connected to the output of the automatic release 7, and the first and second outputs respectively connected: through a switch 8 with the input of the electric motor 2 and with the input of the drive yes 10, tightly coupled to the aforementioned potentiometer. In this case, in block 12 only the initial voltage is recorded. An example of the use of a toroidal potentiometer is presented in the book of S.P. Kolosov and others. "Elements of automation" ed. Mechanical Engineering, M, 1970, p. 105, Fig. 60, and an example of the use of automatic releases, which can detect the absence of voltage or a certain value exceeding it over another or the absence of excess, are presented in the book by E.S. Traub and V.T. Mirgorodsky 1985, M, Higher School, pp. 142-143, as well as in the book of M.A. Shustov, “Power Supplies and Stabilizers,” 2007, M, Altex, p. 90.

Automatic voltage regulation is as follows. The shaft of the toroidal potentiometer 11 is rigidly connected to the drive 10. Initially, in the absence of equality of the recorded initial voltage from the trip unit 5 and the voltage from the potentiometer 11, the first automatic trip unit 12 will operate. Moreover, depending on the excess of this voltage over the voltage from the potentiometer, or the voltage from the potentiometer over voltage from the release 7, from the output of block 12, a positive or negative voltage will be output to the input of the drive 10. As a result, the drive will rotate the shaft of potentiometer 1 1 in one direction or another, changing the voltage at its output until, in block 12, the voltage equal to the initial value fixed from the release 5, which passes to the output of potentiometer 11, is not fixed.

In this case, the second trip unit 12 will trip and pass the voltage from the toroidal potentiometer through the switch 8 to the motor 2. It should be noted that the voltage decrease after the initial output of the three-phase rectifier 5 during inertial motion without motor 4 will not be fixed in block 12. This ensures voltage stabilization . As the inertial movement and voltage decrease at the output of the multiplier, the voltage drop decreases at the potentiometer 11. Thus, the multiplier 9 and the potentiometer 11 and the drive act as an automatic stabilizer. The limit of reducing the voltage drop on the potentiometer 11 depends on the degree of increase in voltage in the multiplier. This ensures that the voltage at the input of the motor 2 is maintained for a longer time. Using the switch, the motor 2 is turned off and inertial movement without motors is ensured. Further, thanks to the switch 8, the motor 2 is turned on again. At the end of the inertial movement, the potentiometer is set to the smallest voltage drop. Next, a decision can be made to turn on engine 4, and an example of a specific implementation of the voltage multiplier is presented in the book of M.A. Shustov, “Power Sources and Stabilizers,” M., Ed. Dodeka XXI House, Altex, 2007, pp. 33-35. The device may also be provided with consumable units where voltage is supplied from the generator.

As the actuator can be used gearbox, wheelset, propeller, screw, etc. Thus, due to an increase in the stabilization limit, energy savings increase, and savings are also achieved by disabling additional components when the engine is turned on. A variant is possible when the rectifier output is connected to the input of the potentiometer. However, this reduces the time of inertial motion. The proposed device can also be used in mobile automobile and railway devices, where an increase in time of inertial movement is provided, and consequently, energy savings. This method can be used in electrical control systems and power supply.

Claims (1)

An electromechanical control device consisting of a motor, a control panel for a DC motor, an actuator, a three-phase rectifier and an automatic release, where the actuator is rigidly connected to a direct current motor having a rigid connection with a synchronous generator having first, second and third outputs, respectively connected with the first, second and third inputs of a three-phase rectifier, and having a rigid connection with the motor, the input of which is connected to the output of the control panel motor and with a second input of an automatic release, characterized in that a voltage multiplier, a toroidal potentiometer, a drive, a unit of two automatic releases and a switch are introduced, the output of a three-phase rectifier connected to the first input of an automatic release having an output connected to the first output of the unit of two automatic releases having a second input, the first, second outputs, respectively connected through a toroidal potentiometer, through a voltage multiplier with the above yield automatic trip unit, through a switch to the input of the motor, to the input drive is rigidly connected to the toroidal potentiometer.