RU2474705C2 - Rotary-vane engine of internal combustion - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: rotary-vane engine of internal combustion contains casing in a form of cylinder with end covers and rotors with vanes located inside casing and coaxial shafts going out of casing. There are levers fixed on coaxial shafts that are connected via rods into four-segment mechanism. Four-sector mechanism is connected to slide by joint-hinge. The slide is located in fly wheel radial slot. Fly wheel is rigidly connected to output shaft. Output shaft is coaxial with coaxial shafts and kinematically connected to slide and housing. Kinematical connection is performed in a form of crank mechanism. The piston-rod of crank mechanism is hinged to slide. Bell crank is coaxial the output shaft and is connected to it via mechanical transmission located on casing. On the fly wheel there are several slides located symmetrically the axis to all links. Bell crank is made in a form of crankshaft. Rotors are equipped with vane retainers.

EFFECT: engine simpler design.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, relates to rotary vane internal combustion engines and can be used to create volumetric pumps and compressors.

Known rotary machine [1], comprising a housing in the form of a cylinder with end caps, rotors with coaxial shafts and blades fixed to them, forming working chambers, an output shaft with a flywheel, a flat articulated mechanism formed by levers on coaxial shafts and rods pivotally connected to flywheel. The output shaft of the rotary machine is eccentric with respect to the coaxial shafts.

The disadvantage of the rotary machine is the uneven movement of the rotors, due to the kinematics of the flat articulated mechanism.

The closest to the claimed object device is a "mechanism for converting movement" [2], taken as a prototype. The known mechanism comprises a housing in the form of a cylinder with end caps, inside of which are placed two coaxial shafts with levers connected by rods into a flat four-link mechanism, an output shaft with a flywheel, in the radial grooves of which sliders move in the form of fingers of a four-link mechanism. The kinematic connection between the coaxial shafts making a rotational motion and the evenly rotating output shaft is carried out by contacting the fingers with a cam mounted on the housing.

A disadvantage of the known device is its complexity, due to the presence of a large number of connections, as well as a cam that requires high precision manufacturing and assembly.

The aim of this invention is to simplify the design.

This goal is achieved in that the kinematic connection between the slider and the output shaft is carried out using a crank mechanism, the connecting rod of which is pivotally connected to the slider, and the crank is mounted coaxially with the output shaft and kinematically connected to it by means of a mechanical transmission placed on the housing. On the flywheel, several sliders with all connections are placed axisymmetrically, and the crank is made in the form of a crankshaft. Coaxial shafts (rotors) are equipped with proximity rails.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 schematically shows a General view of a rotary vane internal combustion engine with two rotors in longitudinal section.

Figure 2 shows a cross section aa of figure 1 of an engine with two rotors, each of which is equipped with two blades. View from the side of rotors with a four-link mechanism and a slider trajectory.

In Fig.3 is a cross section bB of Fig.1, a view from the side of the crank mechanism in several positions and the path of the slider for an engine with two-bladed rotors.

Figure 4 shows the trajectory of the slide for a two-rotor engine with three blades on each rotor.

Figure 5 shows the trajectory of the slide for a two-rotor engine with four blades on each rotor.

A rotary vane internal combustion engine with two rotors, each of which is equipped with two blades, consists of a housing in the form of a cylinder 1 with end caps 2, inside which rotors 3 and 4 are placed, with blades 5 - A and B, and 6 - B and G in figure 2. The rotors are connected to the coaxial shafts 7 and 8 extending outside the housing, ending with levers 9 and 10, which together with the rods 11 form a flat four-link mechanism, with its external hinge attached to the slider 12. The output shaft 13 is concentrically placed inside the coaxial shafts and is mounted on it the end of the flywheel 14, in the radial groove 15 of which the slider 12 is placed. The crank mechanism consists of a connecting rod 16 pivotally attached to the slider 12 on the other side of the flywheel from the four-link mechanism, and the crank axis 17 positioned coaxially with the output shaft 13 and connected to it by a kinematic chain 20 by means of a mechanical transmission located on the housing. The kinematic chain can be made in the form of a belt, chain or other known transmission, or gear (multiplier) and includes a reverse mechanism (key 19 in figure 1). The diameter of the circumference described by the crank 18 is equal to the stroke length of the slider 12 between the upper and lower dead points - TDC and BDC. The stroke of the slider is determined by two extreme mutual positions of the blades: pairwise approach; limited stops 21, guaranteeing a given volume of the combustion chamber, and the discrepancy determined by the design of the engine depending on a given compression ratio. The rotors 3 and 4 of the engine can be equipped with two or more blades each.

A rotary vane internal combustion engine with two rotors, each of which is equipped with two blades, operates on a four-stroke cycle as follows.

Two rotors 3 and 4 with two blades each 5 - A and B and 6 - C and D, connected by a four-link mechanism formed by levers 9, 10 and rods 11, with a slider 12, a flywheel 14 and an output shaft 13 form a System uniformly rotating in case. The blades A, B, C, G of the rotors divide the volume enclosed in the case into four chambers in which all four measures simultaneously occur. Inside the system, relative, symmetrical with respect to the flywheel 14 and the output shaft 13, rotational movements of the rotors 3 and 4, i.e. blades sequentially changing the volume of the chambers from the minimum - the volume of the combustion chamber, provided by the pairwise approach of the blades to the stops 21 (blades A and B at point 0 in figure 2), where the process of ignition of the working mixture is carried out, to the maximum - the volume of the working stroke chamber, due to construction (blades B and B). This occurs under the influence of a four-link mechanism, which is controlled by a crank mechanism through a slider 12, driven from the output shaft 13 through a mechanical transmission 19, 20. The gear ratio of a mechanical transmission is generally determined by the formula:

Where 180 ° - half the turn of the output shaft 13;

i is the gear ratio of the crank axis 17 to the output shaft 13;

φ is the angle of rotation of the output shaft 13, corresponding to one stroke of the slider 12;

"-" a sign showing the opposite direction of rotation of the axis 17 and the output shaft 13.

In a four-stroke engine with two two-bladed rotors, the working cycle occurs at each turn of the flywheel 14 (output shaft 13) by a quarter of a turn, with one stroke of the slide - from TDC to BDC or vice versa, i.e. φ = 90 °, which corresponds to the gear ratio of mechanical transmission 19 , twenty

For a two-rotor engine with three blades on each rotor - figure 4 - φ = 60 °, i = -1: 2

for a two-rotor engine with four blades on each rotor - figure 5 - φ = 45 °, i = -1: 3.

The crank mechanism performs a power function (compression) only when the engine is started. On a running engine, its function is to coordinate the System relative to the housing to ensure the ignition timing. The dynamics of the engine workflow, the dependence of active and inertial forces and moments, the ratio of useful work and internal energy consumption are self-regulating, the mutual extreme relative positions of the blades 5 and 6 are fixed by stops 21.

For the operation of a two-rotor engine with four blades, it is sufficient to have one four-link mechanism and one slider. However, for complete balancing and power closure of kinematic circuits, it is advisable to install two or more axisymmetric mechanisms. The crank in this case will take the form of a crankshaft.

A rotor-bladed ICE with two rotors can have more than two blades on each rotor. Figure 4 shows the trajectory of the slide for a three-blade engine, and figure 5 for a four-blade. In this case, an odd number of blades allows you to create an internal combustion engine operating on a push-pull cycle, and an even number on any cycle. Both options are suitable for creating volumetric hydraulic and pneumatic machines.

The proposed structural scheme of the internal combustion engine has significant simplicity - the presence of only elementary kinematic pairs while maintaining the smoothness and harmony of the movement of the most loaded parts, due to the kinematics of a mechanical transmission containing only rotating parts, as well as the absence of severe requirements for the accuracy of parts.

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 2135777, "Rotary machine", IPC F01C 1/063.

2. RF patent No. 2374526 C2, “Mechanism for converting movement”, IPC F16H 25/04.

Claims (3)

1. Rotary-vane internal combustion engine, comprising a housing in the form of a cylinder with end caps, rotors with vanes and coaxial shafts emerging from the housing, levers attached to coaxial shafts, levers connected via rods to a four-link mechanism, pivotally connected to a slider placed in the radial groove of the flywheel, rigidly connected with the output shaft, coaxial with the coaxial shafts and kinematically connected with the slide and the housing, characterized in that, in order to simplify the design, to the mathematical connection is made in the form of a crank mechanism, the connecting rod of which is pivotally connected to the slider, and the crank is coaxial with the output shaft and connected with it by a mechanical transmission located on the housing. 2. The rotary vane engine according to claim 1, characterized in that several sliders with all connections are placed axisymmetrically on the flywheel, and the crank is made in the form of a crankshaft. 3. The rotary vane engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotors are equipped with limiters for rapprochement of the blades.

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