RU2456518C1 - Carousel dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: carousel dryer has a driving circular drying chamber with an external barrier and a bottom perforated for introduction of a coolant into a layer of dried material, rigidly connected to an inner barrier, installed onto driving and support rollers as capable of rotation, a drive of the drying chamber installed in the drying chamber directly above its bottom for layer separation in the bottom and discharge of the dried material, a discharging device with a L-shaped cutter of the lower grain layer rigidly fixed to the frame, in the cavity of which there is a supply actuator of the discharge device, and with an autonomous drive, a feeder rigidly fixed in the upper part of the frame to supply dried material, arranged downstream the discharge device, an output hole for discharge of the dried material and an air duct, a furnace unit and a heat exchanger, and the supply actuator of the discharge device is arranged in the form of a driving auger. On the side surface of the feeder there are L-shaped guides rigidly fixed, inside of which there is a gate installed as capable of vertical displacement, and on the opposite side of the inner surface of the feeder there are two sensors of loose material level on its inlet and outlet holes, at the same time on the output hole of the discharge device there is a gate installed as capable of displacement in the horizontal plane, and on the L-shaped cutter of the discharge device there is a sensor of coolant moisture.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to increase efficiency of drying by control of loading a layer of preset thickness, by elimination of carryover of a coolant and an underdried material via a loading device.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for drying bulk materials, including for seeds and grain, and can be used in agriculture, food industry and the bakery system.

Known rotary dryer and.with. No. 1719831 F26B 15/04, containing a drying chamber with a feeder of the dried material in the form of a hopper with an open bottom end installed behind the discharge device. The feeder is additionally equipped with an autonomous frame, grain pipes, a slit-type lifting box with an open top and a bottom located under the hopper and communicated with it through grain pipes placed in a fan shape, the feeder mounted on an autonomous frame equipped with supports in the center of the chamber and outside.

The disadvantages of this device are:

1. The height of the dried layer of material is regulated by adjusting the height of the box, which is difficult to perform during the operation of the dryer (requires considerable effort).

2. The lack of automatic control of the flow of the dried material into the hopper.

3. The introduction of the unloading device into the layer of the dried material complicates the process of unloading the material, increases the operating time of the unloading device, increases the dimensions of the dryer.

4. The determination of the moisture content of the dried material during the operation of the dryer and the time of complete drying of the material is not provided.

The closest analogue to the claimed rotary dryer is a rotary dryer for bulk agricultural materials (RF patent No. 2169324 F26B 15/04), made up of at least one middle and two extreme blocks installed with the formation of a horizontal row with the possibility of rigid fixation their positions and the positions of the constituent elements relative to each other, while each of the blocks has a complete set of corresponding elements in height, and containing a base with rigidly fixed ka frame and central support and rotary drive and support rollers mounted on it with rotation possibility, a drive ring-shaped drying chamber with an outer guard and with a bottom perforated to enter the coolant in the layer of the material to be dried, rigidly connected to the inner guard, mounted on the drive and support rollers with the possibility rotation, the drive of the drying chamber installed in the drying chamber directly above its bottom for layer-by-layer separation from the bottom and unloading of the dried material is unloaded a feeding device with a L-shaped cutter of the lower grain layer rigidly attached to the frame frame, in the cavity of which a feeding element of the unloading device is installed, and with an autonomous drive, a feeder for supplying the dried material rigidly fixed in the upper part of the frame frame, located behind the unloading device and above it a casing installed with the possibility of creating an enclosed space under the annular drying chamber, a window for unloading the dried material and an air duct, characterized in that the central support in made in the form of a vertically arranged cylinder with an open bottom, and an annular drying chamber, the outer fence of which is rigidly connected to the bottom, is made covering the central support and installed with the ability to move along the outer surface of the central support, while the bottom is equipped with an unloading zone with the fence installed directly above the bottom located inside the projection of the circumference of the fence, and the casing is rigidly attached to the bottom of the annular drying chamber and installed with the possibility of rotation along with drying chamber. The rotary dryer is additionally equipped with an integrated combustion device and a heat exchanger located in the duct. The dryer is equipped with a fan located in the lower part of the cylinder of the central support to create excess pressure of warm air under the drying chamber. The unloading zone is made in the form of a ring with a continuous bottom. The fence of the discharge zone is made in the form of an umbrella mounted on the outer surface of the central support. The air duct has a vertical cavity made in the form of a central support. The duct has a horizontal cavity, made in the form of a frame frame. The middle block is made in the form of a corresponding section of the base with drive and support rollers, with a central support and drive of the drying chamber, with a part of the frame frame, ring drying chamber, corresponding to the middle block, with an unloading device with a bottom grain cutter and an autonomous drive, with a feeder and with air duct, and each of the extreme blocks is made in the form of corresponding sections of the base with support rollers and with the corresponding segments of the frame frame and the annular drying chamber. The unloading device is made in the form of a feeding body and a driving unloading body. The feeding body of the unloading device is made in the form of a drive screw.

The disadvantages of this device are:

1. The lack of adjustment of the height of the dried layer.

2. The complication of the design of the discharge device.

3. The determination of the moisture content of the dried material during the operation of the dryer and the time of complete drying of the material is not provided.

The objective of the invention is to increase the drying efficiency by regulating the loading of a layer of a given thickness, by eliminating the removal through the unloading device of the coolant and the under-dried material, and controlling the humidity of the dried material during the drying process.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the carousel dryer has a drive ring-shaped drying chamber with an outer guard and with a perforated bottom for entering the coolant into the layer of the material to be dried, rigidly connected to the inner guard, mounted on drive and support rollers with the possibility of rotation, the drive of the drying chamber, an unloading device installed in the drying chamber directly above its bottom for layer-by-layer separation from the bottom and unloading of the dried material is rigidly attached to frame with a L-shaped cut-off of the lower grain layer, in the cavity of which a feeding element of the unloading device is installed, and with an autonomous drive, a feeder for supplying the dried material rigidly mounted in the upper part of the frame, located behind the unloading device, an outlet for unloading the dried material and an air duct, furnace the device and the heat exchanger, and the feeding organ of the unloading device is made in the form of a drive screw, L-shaped guides are rigidly fixed on the side surface of the feeder, inside of which the shutter is installed with the possibility of vertical movement, and on the opposite side of the inner surface of the feeder there are two level sensors of bulk material at its inlet and outlet openings, while at the outlet of the unloading device, the shutter is installed with the possibility of movement in the horizontal plane, and on the L-shaped discharge shutoff device installed humidity sensor coolant.

New significant features

1. A damper installed with the possibility of vertical movement in the L-shaped guides, rigidly fixed to the side surface of the feeder.

2. On the opposite side of the inner surface of the feeder there are two level sensors for bulk material at its inlet and outlet openings.

3. At the outlet of the unloading device, a shutter is installed with the possibility of movement in the horizontal plane.

4. A humidity sensor for the coolant is installed on the L-shaped shutoff of the discharge device.

New essential features, together with the known ones, are necessary and sufficient to achieve a technical result in all cases to which the requested amount of legal protection applies.

Technical result

1. The damper installed with the possibility of vertical movement in the L-shaped guides, rigidly fixed on the side surface of the feeder, allows you to set and maintain a uniform thickness of the material layer in the drying chamber due to the fact that the damper will align the layer of the dried material.

2. Two level sensors of bulk material at the inlet and outlet of the feeder automatically adjust the on and off flow of the material to be dried into the feeder.

3. The flap at the outlet of the unloading device with the ability to move in a horizontal plane prevents the breakthrough from the drying chamber of the coolant into the conveying device located immediately after the dryer, as well as the removal of the unfinished material together with the coolant.

4. The humidity sensor of the coolant on the L-shaped cutoff of the unloading device can improve the accuracy of determining the end of the drying process of the material due to continuous monitoring of the humidity of the coolant in the drying process of the material.

Figure 1 - schematically shows a carousel dryer (top view);

figure 2 is a section aa;

figure 3 is a view along;

figure 4 is a section CC;

5 is a section D-D;

6 is a block diagram of the control of a carousel dryer.

The rotary dryer has a drive ring-shaped drying chamber 1 with an outer guard 2 and with a bottom 3 perforated to enter the coolant into the layer of the material to be dried, rigidly connected to the inner guard 4, mounted on the drive 5 and support rollers 6 for rotation, the drive 7 of the drying chamber 1, installed in the drying chamber 1 directly above its bottom 3 for unloading from below and unloading the dried material, the unloading device 8 with a L-shaped cut-off 10 lower attached to the frame 9 grain layer, in the cavity of which a feeding element 11 of the unloading device 8 is installed, and with an autonomous drive 12, a feeder 13 for feeding the dried material rigidly fixed in the upper part of the frame 9, located behind the unloading device 8, an outlet 14 for unloading the dried material and an air duct 15 , furnace and heat exchanger. The feeding body 11 of the discharge device 8 is made in the form of, for example, a drive screw. On the side surface 16 of the feeder 13, L-shaped guides 17 are rigidly fixed, inside of which the valve 18 is mounted with the possibility of vertical movement. On the opposite side of the inner surface 19 of the feeder 13 two level sensors (upper and lower, respectively) 20, 21 of bulk material are installed at its input 22 and outlet 23 holes. At the outlet 14 of the unloading device 8, a shutter 24 is installed with the possibility of moving in a horizontal plane by means of an actuator. A humidity sensor 25 of the coolant is connected to the L-shaped cut-off 10 of the unloading device 8, connected by a high-frequency (RF) cable 26 to the control device 27, which forms the control a signal 28 to the system of actuators 29 of the actuator 12 of the unloading device 8, the actuator 7 of the perforated bottom 3 and the actuator of the shutter 24.

The circuit of the control device 27 includes a converter-demodulator 30, an operational amplifier 31, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 32, a digital indicator 33, a dial 34, a comparator 35, a driver of a control signal 36, a command device — a signaling device 37, and an actuator system 29. the humidity sensor of the coolant 25 is electrically connected to the input of the control device 27, the output of which is connected to the system of actuators 29 for controlling the operation of the drive 7 of the perforated bottom 3, the drive 12 of the feeding body 11, the drive flap 24.

The measuring signal from the coolant sensor 25 is fed to the input of the transducer-demodulator 30, the output of which is connected to the input of the amplifier 31, the output of which is connected to the information input of the ADC converter 32 and the first input of the comparator 35 comparison unit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the setter 34. Shaper input 36 of the control signal is connected to the output of the comparison unit 35, and the output of the driver 36 is connected to the input of the control unit 37, the output of which is connected via an external transmission circuit of the control signal 28 to the system ADDITIONAL mechanisms 7 enable the actuator 28 of the perforated bottom 3, the actuator 12 supply body 11, valve actuator 24.

The operation of the rotary dryer is as follows.

Depending on the humidity and density of the material to be dried, with the help of the actuator, regulate the flap 18 freely moving in a vertical plane in the L-shaped guides 17, the layer height in the drying chamber 1. The bulk material to be dried is fed into the feeder 13, from which it crumbles at natural angles slope along the entire length of this feeder 13 into the drying chamber 1, during rotation of which a layer of a given thickness is poured.

When the feeder 13 and the space of the annular drying chamber 1 below it is full, turn on the drive 7 of the drying chamber 1 until the drying chamber 1 is completely filled. When the drying chamber 1 is filled along the entire ring to the level of the lower end of the feeder 13, the level of the dried material in the feeder 13 will reach the upper sensor level 20, the sensor generates a signal to turn off the supply of the dried material to the feeder 13 by a conveying device (for example, noriya). From the furnace device through the heat exchanger through the air duct 15, the coolant enters the space under the drying chamber 1 and, evenly distributed under it, passes through the perforated bottom 3 of the drying chamber 1 and the grain lying on it, taking moisture from the grain.

When drying bulk material in the drying chamber 1 from the humidity sensor of the coolant 25 on the control device 27, the moisture state of the coolant passing through the lower layer is continuously reflected. When the coolant reaches the set value of the conditional humidity, using the comparator 35 and the setter 34, which is part of the control device 27, the driver 36 generates a control signal 28 for transmission to the actuators 29 switching power circuits that determine the operating modes of the drive 7 of the drying chamber 1, drive 12 the feeding body 11 and the shutter actuator 24, with the simultaneous inclusion of the signaling device 36, the dried material is unloaded. In this case, the perforated bottom 3 performs a one-way rotational movement with an interval of the drying period of the material before unloading. During rotation of the perforated bottom 3, the L-shaped cutter 10 separates the lower layer of the dried material, which is captured by the feeding member 11 of the discharge device 8 and fed to the discharge outlet 14. In the feeder 13, the level of the dried material falls below the level of the sensor of the lower level of the bulk material 21, while the sensor generates a signal to turn on the supply of the dried material to the feeder 13 with a conveying device (for example, noriya) and the layer of the dried material grows to the previous thickness.

Claims (1)

The carousel dryer has a drive ring-shaped drying chamber with an outer guard and with a perforated bottom for introducing the coolant into the layer of the material to be dried, rigidly connected to the inner guard, rotatably mounted on the drive and support rollers, the drive of the drying chamber installed in the drying chamber directly above its bottom for layer-by-layer separation from the bottom and unloading of dried material, an unloading device with a G-shaped cutter of the lower grain layer rigidly attached to the frame , in the cavity of which the feeding organ of the unloading device is installed, and with an autonomous drive, a feeder for supplying the dried material rigidly fixed in the upper part of the frame, located behind the unloading device, an outlet for unloading the dried material and an air duct, a furnace and a heat exchanger, and a feeding organ of the unloading the device is made in the form of a drive screw, characterized in that on the side surface of the feeder L-shaped guides are rigidly fixed, inside of which it is installed with the possibility vertical movement of the shutter, and on the opposite side of the inner surface of the feeder there are two level sensors of bulk material at its inlet and outlet openings, while at the outlet of the unloading device the shutter is installed with the possibility of movement in the horizontal plane, and on the L-shaped cut-off of the unloading device coolant humidity sensor.

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