RU2428642C1 - Grain drying device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. ^ SUBSTANCE: grain drying device includes a vertical composite cylindrical jacket, the outer surface of which is coated with a layer of heat-insulation material, a loading hopper, a discharge window, a transporting working element coaxially installed inside the jacket with the possibility of rotation, arranged as a screw, a cooling device, which consists of a fan and an air duct, heating elements, arranged on the outer surface of the jacket under the layer of the heat insulating material between the loading hopper and the discharge window with the possibility of individual adjustment of the heating temperature in each of the jacket sections. Composite parts of the jacket are separated from each other by means of rings, which are made of heat insulating material and are equipped with individual heating elements. Two sleeves are serially connected to the discharge window. The first sleeve is installed with a downward inclination, and the second one - with an upward lift. In the area of sleeves connection there is a window, to which the air duct and the fan are connected. The angle of the air duct inclination is equal to the angle of the second sleeve inclination. At the end of the second sleeve there is a receiving hopper, which is arranged as narrowing down. ^ EFFECT: using this device will make it possible to increase quality and to reduce time of grain drying. ^ 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a device for drying grain.

A device for drying grain [1] is known, comprising a cylindrical casing, a loading hopper, an unloading window, a transporting working element coaxially mounted inside the casing for rotation, heating elements and a cooling device, which consists of a fan and an air duct connected to the internal cavity of the casing unloading window. The outer surface of the casing is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material. The transporting working body is made in the form of a screw with perforated turns, the diameter of the perforation does not exceed the minimum grain size. In this case, the casing is made integral, and its components are divided among themselves by rings made of heat-insulating material. Heating elements are placed on the outer surface of the casing under a layer of heat-insulating material between the loading hopper and the discharge window with the possibility of individually controlling the heating temperature of each of the sections of the casing. Each component of the casing is equipped with an individual heating element, and the end surface of the casing from the side of the loading hopper is perforated.

The known device has disadvantages, which include incomplete filling of the inter-turn space of the transporting working body with grain, as a result of which drying occurs unevenly over the heating surface of the dryer. In addition, this device does not have a grain cooling system when unloading from the dryer, which increases the drying time with a high initial grain moisture and the need for its repeated passage through the device.

The purpose of the invention is improving the quality and reducing the drying time of the grain.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the casing is installed vertically. Two sleeves are connected in series with the discharge window. The first sleeve is installed with the slope down, and the second with the rise up. At the junction of the sleeves, a window is made to which an air duct with a fan is connected. The angle of inclination of the duct is equal to the angle of inclination of the second sleeve. At the end of the second sleeve set the receiving hopper, which is made tapering down. The upper part of the receiving hopper is performed with a smooth transition from the upper part of the second elbow to the outer wall of the receiving hopper.

The drawing shows a General view of the device.

The device for drying grain includes a vertically mounted cylindrical casing 1, the outer surface of which is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material 2, a hopper 3, an unloading window 4, coaxially mounted inside the casing with the possibility of rotation transporting working body 5, made in the form of a screw, a cooling device including a fan 6 and the duct 7, as well as heating elements 8, located on the outer surface of the casing 1 under a layer of heat-insulating material 2 between the loading hopper 3 and the discharge o SG 4 with the possibility of individual regulation of the heating temperature of each of the sections of the casing 1. The casing 1 is made integral, with the component parts of the casing are separated by a ring 9 made of heat insulating material. Each component of the casing 1 is equipped with an individual heating element 8. Two sleeves 10 and 11 are connected in series with the discharge window 4. The sleeve 10 is installed with a downward inclination, and the sleeve 11 is mounted upward. At the junction of the sleeves 10 and 11, a window 12 is made, to which the air duct 7 is connected with a fan 6. The angle of inclination of the air duct 7 is equal to the angle of inclination of the sleeve 11, and at the end of the sleeve 11 there is a receiving hopper 13 made tapering downward. The upper part of the receiving hopper 13 is made with a smooth transition from the upper part of the knee 11 to the outer wall of the receiving hopper 13. The transporting working body 5 receives a drive from the pulley 14. At the bottom of the receiving hopper 13, an exhaust window 15 is made.

The device operates as follows. Turn on the heating elements 8. After reaching the required temperature of the casing 1, the grain is fed into the loading hopper 3, from where it enters the working area of the transporting working body 5 and moves to the unloading window 4. Contacting the heated surface of the casing 1, the grain also heats up and loses excess moisture . From the unloading window 4, the heated grain enters the sleeve 10, and then the grain is cooled by a stream of air created by the fan 6 through the duct 7, and enters the receiving hopper 13 through the sleeve 11. Dry and cooled grain is removed from the receiving hopper 13 through the exhaust window 15.

When using grain of another culture, the heating temperature of each of the sections of the casing 1 is changed using individual heating elements 8, the speed of the working body 5 is changed using the pulley 14, and the air flow in the air duct 7 and sleeve 11 is reduced or increased, changing the fan speed 6.

The vertical arrangement of the casing of the installation allows to increase the fill factor of the transporting working body, which increases the contact area of grain with a heating surface and allows for more uniform heating of grain.

Serial connection with the discharge window of two sleeves, the first of which is installed with a downward inclination, and the second with the rise upward, as well as the implementation of the upper part of the receiving hopper with a smooth transition from the upper part of the second elbow to the outer wall of the receiving hopper allows grain cooling when unloading from dryers without injury. This reduces the drying time with a large initial moisture content of the grain and the need for its repeated transmission through the device. Easy unloading of dry and chilled grain is ensured by the implementation of the hopper tapering down.

The device can be used both independently and as part of technological lines for drying, roasting or sterilizing grain.

Information sources

1. Device for drying grain. - Patent RU 2323580. - Publ. 05/10/2008, BI No. 13.

Claims (1)

A device for drying grain containing a composite cylindrical casing, the outer surface of which is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material, a loading hopper, an unloading window, coaxially mounted inside the casing with the possibility of rotation, a transporting working element made in the form of a screw, a cooling device consisting of a fan and an air duct, heating elements placed on the outer surface of the casing under a layer of heat-insulating material between the loading hopper and the discharge window with the possibility of an individual regulation of the heating temperature of each of the sections of the casing, and the components of the casing are separated by rings made of insulating material, and are equipped with individual heating elements, characterized in that the casing is installed vertically, two arms are connected in series with the discharge window, the first of which is installed with downward inclination, and the second one with an upward rise, moreover, at the junction of the sleeves a window is made to which an air duct with a fan is connected, and the air inclination angle the duct is equal to the angle of inclination of the second sleeve, at the end of the second sleeve there is a receiving hopper made tapering downward, and the upper part of the receiving hopper is made with a smooth transition from the upper part of the second elbow to the outer wall of the receiving hopper.