RU2450931C2 - Method of producing multilayer roll waterproofer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to waterproofers, particularly, to production of multilayer roll waterproofer. Proposed method comprises laying textile fibers and swelling clay, waterproof in hydration, on substrate and transfer obtained material for needle punching and roll shaping. Prior to laying, textile fibers in amount of 0.3-0.6 kg/m² and clay in amount of 3-10 kg/m² are mixed. Mix is laid across substrate simultaneously with forming and applying top fibrous layer. Speed of conveying mix of fibers with clay and fibrous layer varies in the range of 5-30 relative to substrate speed.

EFFECT: expanded process performances, simplified process.

1 tbl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for manufacturing multilayer rolled waterproofing materials using swellable clays, sheet materials and pulp as the main components. Waterproofing materials are intended for waterproofing building structures of buildings and structures, reclamation of industrial and household waste landfills, shielding maps of oil storage and fuel and lubricants, waste from the oil industry and other similar facilities.

There is a method of producing a multilayer waterproofing material on AIN 1800 units. Russian Patent 62403, IPC ⁸ Е02В 3/16, В32В 13/04, published on 04/10/07, Bulletin 10. The technology for producing a multilayer waterproofing material is laborious and relatively economically costly, because requires a two-stage manufacturing process and does not allow to produce materials with a width of more than 1800 mm and with the number of layers of components more than three. The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a method of manufacturing and manufacturing a multilayer waterproofing material, in which a swellable waterproof clay is placed between two layers of flexible or fabric material, which are structurally interconnected by the method of stitching or needle piercing (US patent 5.346.566 from 10.13.1994 IPC ⁸ V32V 5/06; V32V 5/16; V32V 5/22; V32V 5/26; V32V / 30).

The main disadvantages of the prototype are the multi-stage technological complexity of manufacturing the material and the cumbersomeness of the entire production cycle and equipment (production line) associated with the need to feed and lay sequentially on a long conveyor (conveyor): woven or non-woven material, several (at least three) sequentially alternating layers of fiber, then clay, which are laid with separate dispensers and conveyors, applying abrasive, adhesive, again woven or non-woven m material, a layer of fibers, then needle piercing, again applying a layer of fiber, a layer of glue, a plastic film, heat treatment and winding into a roll. On such technological lines it is impossible to obtain multilayer rolled material with a width of 3 m or more, with the number of clay layers with a fiber of more than three.

The technical result of the invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages, namely: expanding the possibilities of obtaining material with a given number of layers and with predetermined increased widths while simplifying manufacturing techniques by simultaneously forming a fiber layer with clay and simultaneously laying these layers on a fabric previously laid on the conveyor followed by needle piercing and roll formation.

The problem is achieved in that in the proposed manufacturing method, which includes laying on the substrate swellable and waterproof when hydrating clay, textile fibers, and subsequent transportation to needle-piercing and forming a roll, to increase the waterproofness of the multilayer waterproofing material and maximize the use of the properties of the mineral filler (waterproof clay) and fibers in the structure of the material, it is proposed to manufacture such material before laying, textile fibers 0.3 ÷ total mass of 0.6 kg / m ² total weight of clay and 3 ÷ 10 kg / m ² were mixed, and laying the mixture on a substrate is carried out transversely of its movement with the simultaneous formation and application of the upper fibrous layer, the velocity of the mixture of fibers with the clay and the fibrous layer is carried out within 5 ÷ 30 with respect to the speed of movement of the substrate.

Significant differences of the proposed method are the transverse laying of a given number of textile fibers with clay at a given ratio of 5 ÷ 30 speeds of the layout and movement of the substrate. The use of this method of laying out a layer of waterproof clay with fiber provides a layered arrangement of fiber with clay, and the number of layers can reach 5 ÷ 30 or more. At the same time, by adjusting the location of the clay metering hopper on the cross conveyor, it is possible to lay out the layers of fiber with clay on a substrate laid on the feed conveyor, and then cover them with fiber layers without clay. By moving the metering hopper, for example, to the middle of the cross conveyor, it is possible to first lay several layers of fiber without clay, and then several layers of clay with fiber and then again several layers of fiber, thus providing a protective fibrous coating on both sides mixed with clay and fiber layers. A known method of obtaining a waterproofing material using a layer of clay and fibers, in which the fibers penetrate by piercing from the upper non-woven fabric (Russian patent 62403, IPC ⁸ EV 3/16, V 13/04). In the inventive method, the fibers with clay are mixed before laying and during laying on the fabric, as well as additionally by needle piercing from a fiber layer of a certain density. Widely known is the method of transverse laying of a fibrous product in the manufacture of non-woven fabrics. However, only the claimed combination of features described above, allows to obtain a waterproofing material with a width of 3 ÷ 15 meters with a simultaneous increase in water resistance while maintaining the remaining indicators.

Description of multilayer waterproofing web material

The multilayer waterproofing roll material is a multilayer fabric, in which the synthetic fabric of simple weaving, for example, linen, is used as the lower layer, then layers of bentonite clay mixed with synthetic fibers and a layer of fibers without clay are laid in several layers on this fabric, which are then bonded needle-punched method. Upon contact with water, bentonite clay mixed with fiber and evenly distributed horizontally and vertically between layers of synthetic fabric and a fibrous layer bonded with a needle-punched method forms a uniform layer of mineral gel that does not allow water to pass through.

Characteristics of the materials used:

1 Polypropylene or polyester fabric (according to GOST 30090-93, STO838896-002-8603495-2009).

1.1.2. Type of weaving fabric - linen

1.1.3. Fabric weight, g / m ² - not less than 95

1.1.4. Breaking load, kgf

based on - at least 80

for duck - not less than 80.

1.1.5. Relative lengthening on the basis and weft,% - no more than 15.

1.2. Upper fiber layer

1.2.1. Surface density, g / m ² - 95 ÷ 1000,0

2. Fiber

2.1. Polypropylene (TU 6-13-05018335-62-97), polyester (TU P6 002040079 056-98) or mixtures thereof (1: 1) 1.7 ÷ 2.2 tex, cutting (fiber length) - 65 ÷ 70 mm .

3. Bentonite clay (TU 2164-003-54524596-2006)

3.1. Humidity,% - no more than 12

3.2. Dispersion (average granule size), mm - 01 ÷ 2.0

3.3. Filling density, kg / m ² - 4.5 ÷ 5.0 ÷ 5.5 ÷ 6.0

3.4. Water absorption (degree of swelling),% - not less than 400.

Description of the invention.

The invention is shown in Fig. 1, 2.

After a typical (usual) check of the initial components, they enter the feeding mechanisms of the unit. So, the fiber from the trolley 1 is fed into the feeding hopper of the carding machine 2, after which the fibrous layer I in the form of a thin fleece is fed by conveyor 3 to the conveyors 4 ^I , 4 ^II , 4 ^III , 4 ^{IV of} the transverse folding mechanism and laid on the feeding conveyor 8 across movement on which the substrate III is pre-laid. Bentonite clay II from the hopper 5, located above the conveyor 4 ^III , and also through the conveyor 4 ^{IV of} the transverse folding mechanism is laid similarly to the fibrous layer on the substrate III, located on the conveyor 8 across its movement. When laying the fibrous layer I and bentonite clay II on the conveyors 4 ^III , 4 ^IV and laying them out on the conveyor 8, clay and fibers are mixed. All the processes of carding fiber, laying out the fibrous layer and clay, the substrate, the formation of a joint layer, their feeding into the needle-piercing mechanism for needle-piercing occurs simultaneously. After needle punching, a multilayer roll material is obtained. During operation of the unit, the fibrous layer I is fed by an inclined conveyor 3 to the conveyors 4 ^I , 4 ^II , 4 ^III , 4 ^{IV of} the transverse folding mechanism (distributor) to the feeding conveyors 8, 9, on which the substrate III is pre-laid. Simultaneously with the laying of the fibrous layer I, the clay II is filled and laid from the hopper 5 also using conveyors 4 ^III , 4 ^IV . Dosing of clay in the range from 3 to 10 kg / m ^{2 is} carried out using vertical 6 and horizontal 7 shutters installed at the clay exit from the hopper 5. Cross conveyors 4 ^I and 4 ^II make only translational movements, and conveyors 4 ^III and 4 ^IV make reciprocating movement and produce multilayer (5 ÷ 30 layers) the layout of the fiber and clay along the entire width of the fabric on the feed conveyor 8. The number of layers Msl. = Vskl. / Vyp. * Shpodl .; Msp = 30 (5); Vsp. = 0.6 * 5.0 = 3.0 m / min - discharge speed, Vsp. = 90 m / min (15) - layout speed, Shpodl. = 5 m - the width of the substrate. The substrate III with the mixture of fiber 1 and clay II laid on it is fed by feeding conveyors 8, 9, rollers 10, 11 through a table 12, feeding rollers 13, 14 into the needle-punched mechanism 15, 16 and 17 and then using the exhaust rollers 18, 19, trimmer 20, winding shafts 22 is the winding of the finished product IV in a roll 21.

The proposed manufacturing method was tested on a NIKKI needle punching machine, and a material corresponding to the given parameters was obtained.

Table 1 presents examples of the implementation of the technology according to the claimed method of manufacturing a multilayer waterproofing material. Analysis of the indicators of the table shows that in terms of technical parameters the product obtained by the claimed method is at the level of the prototype, and surpasses it in terms of water resistance.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing a multilayer waterproofing material, including laying on the substrate swellable and waterproof during the hydration of clay, textile fibers and subsequent transportation of the material for needle piercing and roll formation, characterized in that before laying textile fibers with a total weight of 0.3 ÷ 0.6 kg / m ² clay and 3 ÷ total mass of 10 kg / m ² were mixed, and laying the mixture on a substrate is carried out transversely of its movement with the simultaneous formation and application of the upper fibrous layer, wherein the speed of movement mixtures fibers with the clay and the fibrous layer varies within the 30 ÷ 5 with respect to the speed of movement of the substrate.

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