RU2385975C2 - Device for gas collection and outgassing out of aluminium electrolytic cells - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: device contains beam-collector with top and bottom stiffening ring and vertical double walls, between which in top part of beam-collector lengthwise vertical walls there are formed gas flue channels of variable cross-section, height of which increases to the butt of beam-collector, connected to gas-cleaning plant, herewith between vertical walls of beam-collector, between punch stamp, there are installed plates with formation of progressively tapering upward access ports with fairing at inlet into gas flue channel, implemented with reduction of height of its cross sections to butt of beam-collector, connected to fume-cleaning plant, vertical double walls of gas flue channel are connected to each other by crosscut plate, in which there are implemented openings, in butt of beam-collector, connected to the system with fume-cleaning plant, gas flue channels are joined with formation of outlet channel, cross-section area of which is not less than sum of maximal cross-section areas of gas flue channels, and in the butt of beam-collector, opposite to butt, connected to fume-cleaning plant, gas flue channels are joined to each other by means of additionally installed plates with formation of suction port for gases over metal intake area.

EFFECT: effectiveness increase of device for collection and removing of gases from electrolytic cell.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular to the production of aluminum by electrolysis, and can be used to remove gases on electrolyzers with a one-sided gas pump with their transverse arrangement in the housing.

A device is known for controlling the extraction of electrolytic cells for aluminum production, where the collector beam is divided in height into five gas ducts for removing gases formed by horizontal partitions of different lengths (SU Patent No. 1473718, C25C 3/20, publ. 04/15/1989) . The removal of gases is carried out respectively in the five zones of the cell. The width of each suction zone corresponds to the width of two casing shelter flaps, with each zone working independently of each other. Exhaust gas regulation is carried out using temperature sensors and rotary dampers installed in each channel.

The disadvantage of this device is, firstly, that with such a design of the gas duct increases the mass of the beam-collector. Secondly, the operation of the shutters installed in each channel due to exposure to high temperatures, abrasive particles, fluoride compounds will be difficult or impossible over time. In addition, due to the fact that the inner cavity of the collector is separated by continuous horizontal partitions, the possibility of supplying raw materials to the area of the longitudinal axis of the electrolyzer is excluded, moreover, the possibility of installing current-carrying jumpers between the anode bars through special windows in the collector beam is excluded, that is, the possibility of using optimal for electrolyzers with calcined anodes of technical solutions, in particular relating to the supply systems of such electrolyzers with alumina and the design of the anode busbar.

Closest to the claimed is a device for collecting and removing released gases from an aluminum electrolyzer with calcined anodes, equipped with an automatic alumina feed system with punches, containing a collector beam with vertical walls, upper and lower stiffening belts and channels for collecting and removing gases with suction windows (RU, patent No. 2218453, C25C 3/22, publ. 10.12.2003). The vertical walls of the collector beam are double for the formation of two channels for collecting and removing gases located in the upper part of the collector beam. In each channel, limiters are installed obliquely, forming a suction slot of constant width and variable height, and the height of the channels increases towards the end of the collector beam connected to the gas extraction system.

The disadvantage of this device is that since the area of the suction slot of the channel for collecting and removing gases is several times larger than the area of the outlet pipe, the design of such a device will not provide uniform, along the entire length of the collector beam, gas removal, which is confirmed by calculations and three-dimensional modeling. Reducing the same width of the gap during operation will lead to overgrowing of its soot and alumina.

The basis of the invention is the task of ensuring a uniform gas suction along the entire length of an aluminum electrolysis cell with a one-sided gas suction pump and its transverse arrangement in the housing and in reducing the gas-dynamic resistance in the gas suction system while making it possible to use technical solutions that are optimal for electrolytic cells with calcined anodes, in particular alumina feed systems for such electrolyzers and anode busbar designs.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of a device for collecting and removing gases from an aluminum electrolysis cell.

The achievement of the above technical result is ensured by the fact that in the device for collecting and removing released gases from the aluminum electrolyzer with calcined anodes, equipped with an automatic feed system with punches, comprising a collector beam with upper and lower stiffness belts and vertical double walls, between which are in the upper part of the collector beam along the vertical walls formed gas ducts of variable cross section, the height of which increases to the end of the collector beam connected to system gas purification, according to the claimed invention, between the vertical walls of the collector beam, plates are installed between the punches with the formation of inlet channels gradually tapering upward, provided with fairings at the inlet of the gas duct, made to reduce the height of their cross section to the end of the collector beam connected to the gas treatment system in addition, the vertical double walls of the gas duct are interconnected by a transverse plate in which holes are made, while at the end of the beam the core connected to the gas cleaning system, the gas ducts are combined to form an outlet channel, the cross-sectional area of which is not less than the sum of the maximum cross-sectional areas of the gas ducts, and the gas ducts are interconnected with each other at the end of the collector beam opposite the end connected to the gas cleaning system using additionally installed plates with the formation of a suction hole for gases above the metal intake zone.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings. Figure 1 shows a device for collecting and removing gases with one-sided exhaustion of gases, a longitudinal section; figure 2 is the same, a section in plan; figure 3 is the same, cross section; figure 4 is the same, a longitudinal section in isometry.

A device for collecting and removing gases consists of a beam-collector 1 with vertical double walls 2, upper 3 and lower 4 stiffness belts. In the upper part of the collector beam 1 along the vertical double walls 2, two gas ducts 8 of variable cross section of constant width are formed using plates 5, 6, 7, which are looped at the end of the collector beam 1, opposite the end connected to the gas cleaning system, using plates 9. At the end of the collector 1 connected to the gas cleaning system, the gas ducts 8 are combined to form one outlet channel 10, while the cross-sectional area of the channel 10 must be at least the sum of the maximum cross-sectional areas of the gas one channels 8. The plate 6, forming the bottom wall of the gas ducts 8, has inlets 11. The gas ducts 8 are interconnected by means of plates 9 to form a suction hole 12 for gases. Between the punches 13 above the inlet openings 11 are installed fairings 14 directional action. Using the plates 15, 16, 17, inlet channels 18 are formed with a suction hole 19 made in the lower stiffening belt 4. Inlet channels 18 connect the suction holes 19 to the inlet holes 11, while the cross section of the input channels 18 is gradually narrowed. The suction hole 12 is located between the plates 9 and between the gas ducts 8 in the upper part of the collector beam 1 above the metal casting area. Between the lower stiffening belt 4 and the plate 6 of the lower wall of the upper gas ducts, parallel to the transverse axis of the electrolyzer, symmetrically installing the punches 13 with the help of the plates 20, through holes 21 of rectangular cross-section are formed for installing current-transmitting spacers, stiffness spacers of the anode busbar and spacers (not shown). In the lower stiffness belt 4 of the beam-collector 1, an opening 22 is made on the front side for the entry of gases into the gas ducts during metal casting.

In the process of operation of the electrolyzer, the released gases rise upward, passing through the suction holes 19, and enter the inlet channels 18, from where, passing the inlet holes 11, through the fairings 14 they are in the gas ducts 8 in the upper part of the collector beam 1, through which they are transported along the electrolyzer to the channel 10 and further to the gas treatment system. Due to the distribution of the input channels 18 along the length of the collector beam 1 between the punches, a uniform suction of gases is ensured along the entire length of the cell. In this case, the installation of directional fairings 14 at the entrance to the gas duct allows to reduce the gas-dynamic resistance of the removed gases. The combination of the gas ducts 8 with the formation of the channel 10 also allows to reduce the gas-dynamic resistance in the gas extraction system.

In the process of pouring metal from the electrolyzer, the knocked-out gases freely rise upward, passing through the suction hole 12, enter the space formed by the plates 9, and then into the gas ducts 8 in the upper part of the collector beam 1, which are also transported to the gas treatment system. The combination of the upper gas ducts 8 with the formation of the suction hole 12 provides a gas suction in the zone of metal casting and equalization of the volumes of exhaust gases in the gas ducts.

Claims (1)

A device for collecting and removing released gases from an aluminum electrolytic cell with calcined anodes, equipped with an automatic feed system with punches, comprising a collector beam with upper and lower stiffening belts and vertical double walls, between which gas ducts are formed along the vertical walls in the upper part of the collector beam channels of variable cross section, the height of which increases to the end of the beam-collector connected to the gas treatment system, characterized in that between the vertical walls of the balconies of the i-collector, plates are installed between the punches with the formation of input channels that are gradually tapering upward, equipped with fairings at the entrance to the gas duct, made to reduce the height of their cross section to the end of the collector beam connected to the gas cleaning system, the vertical double walls of the gas duct are interconnected the transverse plate in which the holes are made, while in the end of the collector beam connected to the gas treatment system, the gas ducts are combined to form an outlet channel ala, the cross-sectional area of which is not less than the sum of the maximum cross-sectional areas of the gas ducts, and at the end of the collector beam opposite the end connected to the gas cleaning system, the gas ducts are interconnected using additionally installed plates with the formation of a suction hole for gases above the intake zone metal.

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