RU2381372C1 - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to engine production, particularly to piston ICE. Proposed ICE comprises work shaft (4), cylinders with combustion chamber and piston (2) with pin (3) reciprocating therein, con rod mechanism converting piston reciprocation in work shaft rotation. Aforesaid con rod mechanism consists of con rods (10), drive spur gears (6, 12) and driven spur gear (5) of work shaft (4). Drive gears (6, 12) have crank axle (8) arranged off-center of the axle of gear (6) on its face side that faces the cylinder axis. Con rod (10) is coupled with crank axle (8) and piston pin (3). Work shaft driven gears of all cylinders are made integral with work shaft (5). Adjacent cylinders have con rods (10) crank axles (8) arranged to allow anti-phase motion of pistons. Several drive gears (6, 12) are in mesh with the gear of main shaft (5). Crank axle (8) of drive gear (6) is coupled with con rod (10) and crank axle rod (11) of drive gear (12). Crank axle (8) with counterweight (9) can be fitted on drive gears (6, 12) to turn relative to irregular-wear toothed surface of gears (6, 12) and be locked in the other position.

EFFECT: reduced friction losses, higher reliability of con rod gear.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of engine construction, in particular to reciprocating internal combustion engines.

Known internal combustion engine containing a working shaft and at least one cylinder with a piston placed therein with two transverse fingers, equipped with a mechanism for converting the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotational movement of the working shaft, including two crosswise arranged connecting rods of equal length and two cranked shaft, each of which is equipped with an eccentrically located finger and a cylindrical gear, while the gears of the crankshafts have an equal diameter and are made with the possibility of inter actions with each other with their rotation in opposite directions, and the finger of each crankshaft is pivotally connected by one of the connecting rods to one of the piston fingers (see application WO 9722785, published on 06/26/97). This symmetrical design of the engine eliminates the lateral pressing of the piston against the cylinder walls, which reduces wear on the cylinder-piston parts of the engine and reduces friction losses, thereby increasing engine efficiency and reducing fuel consumption during its operation. However, the known engine has a complex and heavy mechanism for converting the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotational motion of the working shaft, which complicates the design of the engine, increases its weight and increases the cost of manufacturing and repair of the engine.

Closest to the proposed engine in essential features is the internal combustion engine adopted as a prototype, comprising a working shaft, cylinders with combustion chambers, a piston with a piston pin, a crank mechanism for converting the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotational movement of the working shaft, is placed in each cylinder consisting of connecting rods, driving gears and driven gear of the working shaft, made cylindrical and engaged, the driving gears are equipped with a crank axis fixed eccentrically relative to the axis of the gear on its end face facing the axis of the cylinder and connected to the end of one of the connecting rods, the other end of each of which is pivotally connected to the piston pin, the driven gears of the working shaft of all cylinders are mounted on the working shaft or made with it one whole. Moreover, the specified engine can be made with several cylinders located in the same plane, all of the drive gears of which are engaged with the common cylindrical gear of the driven shaft, while in the adjacent cylinders the connecting rod and the crank axis of the crank mechanism are located relative to the connecting rod and the axis of the crank of the adjacent cylinder with the possibility of antiphase movement of the pistons according to the duty cycle of the engine (see patent document DE 3445430 A1, publ. 06/19/1986).

In the above prototype, with a 4-stroke engine operating mode, the loads on the crank mechanism and gears are uneven, the maximum at the stroke is the “stroke” and the minimum at the cycles are “exhaust” and “suction”, which implies that the teeth of the drive gears will wear also uneven.

The aim of the invention is to reduce friction losses during transmission of torque from the drive gears of the mechanism for converting the movement of each cylinder to the working shaft of the engine by introducing additional drive gears into the design and increasing the durability of the drive gears due to the possibility of periodically changing the portion of the drive gears with increased wear of the gear surface .

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the invention is to reduce friction losses, increase the output power and engine efficiency, as well as the maintainability and durability of the crank mechanism.

The technical result of the invention is achieved in that in an internal combustion engine containing a working shaft, cylinders with combustion chambers, pistons with piston fingers, a crank mechanism for converting the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotational movement of the working shaft, consisting of connecting rods, pinion gears and driven gears of the working shaft, made cylindrical and meshing, the drive gears being provided with a crank axis fixed eccentrically relative to the gear axis on its t the front side facing the axis of the cylinder and connected to the end of one of the connecting rods, the other end of each of which is pivotally connected to the piston pin, the driven gears of the working shaft of all cylinders are mounted on the working shaft or made integrally with it, while in adjacent cylinders the connecting rod and the crank axis of the crank mechanism are located relative to the connecting rod and the crank axis of the adjacent cylinder with the possibility of antiphase movement of the pistons according to the duty cycle of the engine, to reduce gear loads m meshed with mainshaft gear meshes are several pinions, crank axis one of which is connected to the piston rod with one hand and crank with the other axis of the rod pinion. Moreover, to compensate for the most worn gear surface of the pinion gear, the counterweight axis of the crank is mounted on the pinion gear to rotate the relatively unevenly gear surface of the pinion gear, followed by fixing in a different position.

All this ensures the achievement of the goal of the invention. Due to the fact that the crank mechanism uses the possibility of transferring the linear motion of the piston to the driven gear of the drive shaft using several drive gears and the possibility of periodically changing the axis of the crank with a counterweight to the less worn gear surface of the drive gear, friction losses are reduced, and the output power is increased and engine efficiency, as well as improving the reliability of the crank mechanism.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which schematically depict:

figure 1 - General view of the engine.

figure 2 is a section along "aa" of figure 1.

The inventive internal combustion engine contains a cylinder block 1, inside the cylinders there are pistons 2 with piston pins 3, a working shaft 4 with a driven gear 5, in engagement with which are the driving gears 6 mounted freely rotating on the axles 7, on the free end part of which the crank axles are installed 8 with a counterbalance 9. On the axis of the crank 8, the lower head of the connecting rod 10 is installed on one side, the upper head of the link 11 on the other, and the upper head of the connecting rod 10 is mounted on the piston pin 3, the lower head of the links 11 is mounted on another pinion shaft 8 of the crank 12 is also meshed with the driven gear 5. On the shaft 4 there is a flywheel 13 having a free end.

The engine operates as follows.

After each cycle of combustion of the fuel mixture in the combustion chamber of each of the cylinders, the piston 2 of the latter makes a “stroke” from the top to the bottom dead center, driving the pinion gears 6 through the connecting rods 10. From the pinion 6, the rotation is transmitted to the other pinion gear 12 through the link 11 . From the driving gears 6 and 12, through the driven gear 5, the rotation is transmitted to the working shaft 4, while from the driven gear 5, the rotations are transmitted to the driving gear 6 of the other cylinder and the piston 2 moves in the opposite direction through the connecting rod 10 and performing at the same time in the cylinder cycle "compression" or "exhaust". If the engine has several parallel planes containing cylinders, the shaft 4 transmits the rotation of the drive gears 6 of the respective cylinders. With appropriate operation, the gas distribution system will alternate the clocks and the order of the engine cylinders.

According to preliminary calculations and preliminary design, the proposed design solution of the inventive internal combustion engine will greatly simplify the engine design, especially the lubrication system, while mechanical efficiency will increase by 3-5%, and durability will increase by 1.5-2 times.

Claims (2)

1. An internal combustion engine containing a working shaft, cylinders with combustion chambers, a piston with a piston pin, a crank mechanism for converting the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotational movement of the working shaft, consisting of connecting rods, driving gears and driven gear of the working one, is placed in each cylinder. shaft made cylindrical and engaged, the drive gears are provided with a crank axis, fixed eccentrically relative to the axis of the gear on its end face facing the axis of the cylinder Ndra, and connected to the end of one of the connecting rods, the other end of each of which is pivotally connected to the piston pin, the driven gears of the working shaft of all cylinders are mounted on the working shaft or made integral with it, while the connecting rod and crank axis in the adjacent cylinders the connecting rod mechanism are located relative to the connecting rod and the crank axis of the adjacent cylinder with the possibility of antiphase movement of the pistons according to the engine duty cycle, characterized in that the gears of the main shaft are engaged multiple pinion gears, one of the crank axle which is connected to the piston rod on the one hand and with the other axis of the thrust crank drive pinion. 2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of the crank with a counterweight is mounted on the drive gear with the possibility of rotation of the relatively unevenly worn gear surface of the gear with subsequent fixing in a different position.

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