RU2374591C1 - Multi-seater vessel launcher of vertical launch - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: launcher comprises upper base made with the possibility of fixation on vessel deck, bearing frame with journals for transporter-launch containers (TLC), facility for retention and fixation of TLC and electric slots of electric communication of vessel control system of shooting with TLC. Upper base is made with cells for TLC, which are equipped with protective cover fixed on upper base with drive for its opening. Launcher additionally comprises lower base, arranged with the possibility of fixation on vessel foundation, and support bases for TLC. Upper base is equipped with vertical guide elements, every of which is arranged as interacting with according journal of bearing frame, which is hingedly rested onto lower base, and support bases are installed on it for TLC with the possibility of interaction with bottom of according TLC in working position of launcher. Launcher is made with the possibility of side rest of TLC and has even number of cells. Bearing frame in upper base is installed so that in plan according cells of launcher are installed symmetrically relative to projection of longitudinal axis of frame journals. Bearing frame is equipped with guide elements for TLC, each arranged in the form of key guide that interacts with TLC clips in case of the latter loading into launcher. Support base may be equipped with clips, which interact with according key guides of bearing frame and may be readjusted in height.

EFFECT: invention provides for possibility to reduce dimensional characteristics of launcher and adaptability of launcher of various classes and purpose, to various object-carriers.

6 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to military equipment, in particular to ship launchers (PU) vertical launch.

Known multi-seat ship PU vertical launch according to patent GB 2290856 A (F41F 3/04, 1996), containing several mounted adjacent to each other elongated protective containers for installing rockets in a vertical position. The upper end of each container has an opening for launching the rocket at launch, normally closed by an open protective cover, and the lower end communicates through an exhaust valve with a common discharge chamber communicated through the gas duct to the atmosphere. The launcher is rigidly fixed between the upper and lower decks of the ship. In an embodiment, each protective lid simultaneously covers four containers. When the protective cover is opened, it, with its upper surface, abuts against a part of the open end of the gas duct and serves as a reflector of the gas stream.

However, the presence of gas flues significantly complicates the PU and increases its overall dimensions. In addition, the placement of several PU cells under a common protective cover with a single opening drive reduces the survivability of the PU.

A device for multi-seat ship PU vertical launch according to patent EP 0933611 A2 (F41F 3/04, 1999). The known device is a set of structural elements adapted for universal use and includes many elongated standard containers with missiles having practically the same cross-sectional area and length, as well as a cut (end) for the exit of the combustion products of the rocket engine fuel and a cut (end) for exit missiles, at least one gas duct having a length practically equal to the length of one of the mentioned containers with missiles, and a cross section not exceeding the cross section of one th of said standard containers and truss structure supporting a plurality of containers, and gas conduits, representing an array of mutually parallel chambers. Each of the latter is adapted to hold one of the containers and flues. Moreover, the said sections for the exit of combustion products lie in the first common plane, and the said sections for the exit of rockets lie in the second common plane. The device contains a protective plate of a certain thickness. Said truss is mounted on a protective plate to hold a plurality of containers. The protective plate has a lattice of apertures, the dimensions and locations of which correspond to the ends of the containers and flues that can be installed in the truss. The duct may have a cross section of a round, square or any other shape. If necessary, the flue can be dismantled and replaced. A receiver (collector) is attached to the underside of the protective plate, which completely covers the protective plate and ensures the flow of gases from one aperture to another. The receiver provides the output of the products of fuel combustion of rocket engines through one or more gas ducts. The protective plate has several protrusions, which are power supports interacting with the foundation of the ship. The truss has upper, middle and lower parts. The lower part of the truss structure together with the protective plate form a structure that can withstand the weight of the rest of the design of the launcher and containers with missiles. The middle part is a frame for chambers in which containers or gas ducts are installed. The upper part supports the protective cover drive system. The set of structural elements also includes a frame containing a lattice of apertures having dimensions not less than the mentioned external dimensions of the cross section of a standard container. The frame is attached to the truss to hold the containers in a place corresponding to the location of said second common plane. The apertures of the frame exactly coincide with the aforementioned lattice of chambers holding containers and flues. Each of the chambers for holding containers has an element adapted to capture located in a specific place on each of the containers / ducts. In the upper part, many protective covers are attached to the frame, each of which corresponds to one of the apertures of the frame; for individually opening or closing said apertures. When launching a rocket, at least two protective covers must be opened - one above the chamber with the rocket, and the second above the flue. If several gas ducts are involved, then several covers are opened.

However, the presence of a receiver and flues significantly complicates the launcher. In addition, the known device suggests the need for additional strengthening of ship structures, which significantly increases the overall dimensions of the hull.

Known modular multi-seat ship PU vertical launch, described in patent US 6230604 B1 (F41F 3/052, 3/077, 2001). Known PU contains upper and lower bases, made with the possibility of fixing respectively on the deck and the foundation of the ship, and an intermediate structure installed between them in the form of a truss frame, forming cells for installing transport-launch containers (TPK) of a concentric type (CCL). Each PU cell is equipped with a protective cover fixed to the upper base with a drive for opening the latter. A guide ring is installed in the upper base in each cell to facilitate loading the TPK into the PU cell. In the lower base, in each cell, a segment nest is provided having a shape corresponding to the shape of the hemispherical housing of the TPK. Inside the lower base mounted grippers for fixing the TPK from vertical movements.

The disadvantages of the known modular multi-seat ship launcher include the fact that it does not exclude the possibility of transferring loads to launchers due to the relative movement of the deck and the foundation of the ship arising during operation. The noted drawback can be compensated by increasing the rigidity of the structure, however, this causes an increase in the overall dimensions of PU.

Known launch module according to patent US 6283005 B1 (F41F 3/04, 2001). The starter module includes at least one vertical stainless steel rack and at least one, but preferably three, horizontal plates connected to the rack by welding. In each of the plates there are several vertically arranged cylindrical holes forming cells for installing a TPK of a concentric type. In the cylindrical holes of the upper plate, annular ductile iron flanges are fixed. At the same time, partitions are provided on the lower side of each of the two upper plates separating the aforementioned cylindrical openings. Launch modules can be organized into a modular launch system, thus providing the ability to launch multiple missiles, torpedoes, detection and countermeasures. In this case, the said plates are transformed into plates located along the axis of the modular launch system, which coincides with the longitudinal axis of the ship. Plates (plates) are located at the levels of the respective decks. In this case, the vertical racks pull together the plates, forming a solid structure, i.e. modular starting system. The vertical component of the loads arising during the launch, for example, missiles, is distributed on three deck plates (plates) and vertical racks. The launch module provides the ability to create a modular launch system that can be easily modified depending on the specific parameters of the ship.

However, the known device does not exclude the possibility of transferring loads to the launch module due to relative movements of the ship's elements that occur during operation of the modular launch system, which reduces the reliability of the operation of the latter.

Known modular multi-seat ship launcher vertical launch according to patent RU 2213925 C1 (F41F 3/04, B63G 1/00, 2003). Known launcher contains upper and lower bases, made with the possibility of fixing respectively on the deck and the foundation of the ship, and mounted between them truss frame, forming cells for installing transport-launch containers of various types. Each launcher cell is equipped with a protective cover fixed to the upper base with the latter opening drive. In each cell, means for holding and fixing the TPK and an electrical connector for the electrical communication of the ship’s fire control system with TPK are installed. In an embodiment, the truss frame in height is made of detachably connected parts with the ability to provide a given height of the truss frame by changing the number of the aforementioned parts of the latter installed during installation of the launcher. This embodiment of the truss frame, ensuring the adaptability of PU to TPK of various lengths, allows optimizing the weight and size parameters of PU.

However, the features of the known PU do not imply the possibility of installing TPK blocks (cassettes) on it, which limits the scope of its use.

Known modular multi-seat ship launcher vertical launch, described in patent description RU 2211432 C1 (F41F 3/042, 2003). The known modular launcher contains a supporting structure (upper base), made in the form of a frame attached to the deck of the ship, means for holding and fixing the transport and launch containers and electrical connectors for the electrical communication of the ship’s firing control system with transport and launch containers. The frame is formed of longitudinal and transverse beams of an I-section and is made with cells for transport and launch containers. Each cell is equipped with a protective cover fixed to the supporting structure with the latter opening drive. The lids are fixed on the upper shelves of said beams, on the lower shelves of which support elements are mounted for fastening containers to the flanges. In an embodiment, the support element is made in the form of a frame connected to the beams using elastic elements, equipped with fixing pins and mounting pins. The protective cover is made in the form of two sections pivotally mounted on the frame, and is equipped with a mechanism for synchronous opening of the sections.

However, the known device suggests the need for additional strengthening of ship structures, which significantly increases the overall dimensions of the hull.

Closest to the combination of essential features with the claimed invention is a multi-seat ship launcher described in patent description RU 2219470 C1 (F41F 3/042, 2003). The known launcher contains an upper base, made with the possibility of fixing on the deck of the ship, equipped with pins, a supporting frame for transport launch containers, means for holding and fixing transport launch containers and electrical connectors of the ship’s firing control system with transport launch containers. The supporting frame with the upper end is installed in the upper base, which is made with cells for transport and launch containers. Each cell is equipped with a protective cover fixed to the upper base with a drive for opening the latter.

However, the known device requires high requirements for the rigidity of the supporting structure (upper base) of the launcher, which makes the launcher more difficult and its mass to increase and, in addition, suggests the need for additional strengthening of ship structures, which significantly increases the overall dimensions of the hull. The noted drawback is due to the structural scheme underlying the well-known PU, involving the fastening (essentially the suspension) of the TPK (TPK cassettes) on the upper base for the front (upper) flanges, which significantly loads the upper base of the PU and the deck of the ship.

The problem solved by the invention is the creation of a fairly simple modular multi-seat ship launcher of vertical launch, providing the ability to reduce the overall dimensions of the latter and - adaptability to transport launch containers of various classes and purposes, as well as adaptability to various carrier objects.

This problem is solved in that a multi-seat ship launcher of vertical launch, containing the upper base, made with the possibility of fixing on the deck of the ship, equipped with trunnions bearing frame for transport and launch containers, means for holding and fixing transport and launch containers and electrical connectors of the ship system firing control with transport and launch containers, and the supporting frame with the upper end mounted in the upper base, which is made with cells for transport and launch containers, each cell is equipped with a protective cover fixed to the upper base with a drive for opening the latter, according to the invention further comprises a lower base configured to be fixed on the ship’s foundation, and support bases for transport and launch containers. The upper base is equipped with vertical guiding elements, each of which is made interacting with the corresponding trunnion of the supporting frame. The supporting frame is pivotally supported on the lower base. Each of the supporting bases for the transport and launch containers is respectively mounted on a supporting frame with the possibility of interaction with the bottom of the corresponding transport and launch container in the operating position of the launcher. The launcher is designed to provide lateral support for transport and launch containers and has an even number of cells. The carrier frame in the upper base is installed in such a way that in plan the corresponding launcher cells are located symmetrically with respect to the projection of the longitudinal axis of the trunnions of the carrier frame. The carrier frame is equipped with guiding elements for transport and launch containers, each made in the form of a keyway interacting with the yokes of the transport and launch container when loading the latter into the launcher.

At the same time, the supporting base for the transport and launch container is provided with yokes interacting with the corresponding keyway guides of the supporting frame.

In the above embodiments, the launcher can be configured to reinstall said support base along the height of the carrier frame and fix the relative position of the latter.

In addition, the supporting frame is made integral in height and contains a removable insert.

In another embodiment of the launcher, the carrier frame is removable.

At the same time, the supporting frame is configured to install four transport launch containers and / or blocks of transport launch containers on it, the connecting elements of which mimic the connecting elements of the aforementioned single transport launch containers.

The technical result of the use of the invention is that it provides the ability to reduce the requirements for stiffness of a modular PU and, therefore, the ability to simplify the latter and the ability to reduce the weight of PU. Along with this, the invention provides the adaptability of PU to TPK with objects of various classes and purposes, to a large number of standard sizes of TPK and - adaptability to various carrier objects, which together ultimately significantly expands its operational capabilities and increases unification. In addition, the invention provides the ability to create a modular launch system, easily modifiable depending on the specific parameters of the ship.

Figure 1 schematically shows a General view of a multi-seat ship PU vertical launch in an embodiment, a longitudinal section in a vertical plane orthogonal to the diametrical plane of the ship; figure 2 - the upper base of the PU and the device nodes supporting the upper end of the supporting frame, a cross section along aa in figure 1, is rotated; figure 3 is a vertical guide element of the upper base of the PU, interacting with the trunnion of the carrier frame, and the guiding elements of the carrier frame, interacting respectively with the yoke TPK and the yoke block (cartridge) TPK, element B in figure 2; figure 4 - the upper base of the PU and the device nodes supporting the upper end of the supporting frame, a longitudinal section along BB in figure 1, is rotated; figure 5 - trunnion of the supporting frame mounted in a vertical guide element of the upper base of the PU, a section along G-G in figure 4; figure 6 - means for holding and fixing the TPK and the electrical connector of the electrical communication of the ship fire control system with TPK.

The license ship launcher for vertical launch contains the upper base 1 and lower bases 2, made with the possibility of fixing respectively on the upper deck 3 and the foundation 4 of the ship, supporting frame 5 for TPK 6, means 7 for holding and fixing TPK and electrical connectors 8 for electrical communication of the ship system fire control with TPK. The upper base 1 is made with cells "a" for TPK. Each cell is equipped with a protective cover 9 mounted on the upper base 1 with the drive 10 opening the latter. The supporting frame 5 is provided with pins 11 and the upper end is installed in the upper base 1, which is equipped with vertical guiding elements 12, each of which is made interacting with the corresponding trunnion of the supporting frame. The guide element 12 is made in the form of a keyway guide. In this case, the pin 11 in the vertical guide element 12 is installed with limited movement within the gap "b", which is formed between the end surface of the guide element 12 and the mating bearing surface of the supporting frame (here we mean the movement along the axis of the pins, i.e. movement in a direction transverse to the vertical guide elements 12). The gap “b” is determined depending on the magnitude of the possible relative movements of the upper deck and the foundation of the ship. Thus, the support unit of the upper end of the supporting frame provides the latter three degrees of freedom.

The supporting frame 5 is pivotally supported on the lower bases 2. In an embodiment of the invention, the supporting frame is mounted using two ball joints 13, each of which is mounted on the corresponding lower base 2. It is possible that the lower bases are made in one piece.

On the supporting frame 5, support bases 14 for TPK are installed. Each of the supporting bases 14 is installed with the possibility of interaction with the bottom of the corresponding TPK in the working position of the PU. On the supporting bases 14, electrical connectors 8 of the electrical connection of the shipboard fire control system with TPK were mounted. The electrical connectors 8 are each equipped with a docking mechanism mounted on a support base with a TPK (not shown in the drawing). In this case, the launcher is configured to reinstall the support base 14 along the height of the supporting frame 5 and fix the mutual position of the latter using the stopper 15. The support base 14 is unified for various TPKs.

The launcher is designed to provide lateral support of the TPK and has an even number of cells “a”. The carrier frame 5 in the upper base is installed so that in the plan the corresponding PU cells are located symmetrically with respect to the projection of the longitudinal axis of the pins 11 of the carrier frame 5. Moreover, the carrier frame 5 is provided with guide elements 16 for TPK, each made in the form of a keyway interacting with the yokes 17 TPK 6 when loading the latter in the launcher. The guide elements 16 provide a given position of the TPK relative to the supporting frame 5 and the corresponding cell PU, and also hold the TPK from lateral movements. The TPK is kept from moving along the guide elements 16 by means of a pin 18 fixed to the support base 14, which interacts with a response element 19 made on the bottom of the TPK.

In an embodiment, the support base 14 for the TPK is equipped with yokes (not shown in the drawing) that interact with the corresponding key guides 16 of the carrier frame. The yokes of the support base 14 are similar in design to the yokes 17 of the transport and launch container. Thus, the support base 14 is mounted in the same guides as the TPK, and during operation of the launcher can be reinstalled along the height of the carrier frame 5.

In an embodiment of the invention, the carrier frame 5 is configured to install four transport and launch containers 6 and / or blocks (cassettes) 20 of transport and launch containers on it, the connecting elements of which (in particular, the yoke and a single bottom) simulate the connecting elements of the transport and launch containers 6. Due to the ability to install both single TPK and blocks (cassettes) TPK and - the ability to reinstall the support bases 14 along the height of the supporting frame 5 provides adaptability launcher and TPK with objects of different classes and destination that extends its operational capabilities and increases uniformity.

In another embodiment, the carrier frame 5 is made integral in height and includes a removable insert (not shown in the drawing). An embodiment is possible when the carrier frame is interchangeable (essentially, the launcher allows the use of a carrier frame of any given length and with any connecting elements corresponding to mating connecting elements of the transport and launch container 6 and / or block 20 of the transport and launch containers). Thanks to this, the invention provides the launcher with adaptability to various carrier objects and to a large number of standard sizes of TPK, which also extends the operational capabilities. Along with this, this implementation, ensuring the adaptability of PU to TPK of various lengths and to various carrier objects, allows optimizing the weight and size parameters of PU.

In an embodiment of the invention, the launcher is made in the form of a launcher module containing a supporting frame 5, which has four pairs of guiding elements 16. The launcher module makes it possible to create a modular launch system that can be easily modified depending on the specific parameters of the ship.

Due to the design features of the launcher, in particular the design of the support units for the supporting frame 5, the possibility of transferring loads caused by deformations of the upper deck of the ship arising during the operation of the launcher from the TPK, as well as loads arising from external influences on the ship, is excluded (for example, with pitching and temperature differences). At the same time, the exclusion of the possibility of transferring loads to the launcher caused by the above-mentioned circumstances makes it possible to reduce the rigidity requirements of the launcher and, therefore, reduce the mass of the launcher and the possibility of its simplification.

The use of multi-seat ship launcher is as follows.

Pre-PU, made in the form of an independent module node, is loaded into the cellar of the ship. Then the lower base 2 and the upper base 1 are fixed in a predetermined position, respectively, on the foundation 4 of the ship and on the upper deck 3.

Before loading the TPK (TPK block) into the ship’s PU, the support base 14 is moved in guides 16 along the height of the supporting frame to a position corresponding to the size of the loaded TPK (TPK block). Fix the position of the support base using the stopper 15.

When loading the TPK onto the ship using the drive 10, open the protective cover 9 of the loaded cell "a" PU. TPK 6 (TPK block 20), previously delivered to the place of work, using a lifting device equipped with the appropriate suspension (not shown in the drawing), is moved to the loading cell PU and hung out at a predetermined height above the opening of the loaded cell, providing preliminary orientation in horizontal the plane. Carry out the lowering of the TPK 6 in the opening of the cell PU. The yoke 17 associated with the TPK 6 go into the corresponding keyways 16. When lowering the TPK 6, the yokes 17 move in the guides 16, while centering the TPK 6 and - the specified position of the TPK in the cross section of the PU. When the TPK is installed in its regular place, the docking mechanism for the electrical connector 8 of the ship’s firing control system with TPK is activated, and the latter is connected to the ship’s system (not shown in the drawing). TPK using fixed on the support base 14 of the pin 18 is fixed relative to the PU. After installing the TPK in its regular place, the TPK is freed from the suspension associated with the lifting device. The PU cell is closed with a protective cover. In this form, the TPK with the launched object can be located in the ship’s control room without requiring maintenance.

The TPK is unloaded from the PU cell in the reverse order.

When starting the launched object from TPK drive 10 open the protective cover 9 of the corresponding cell PU. According to the signal from the ship’s firing control system, in accordance with the trigger sequence for launching launched objects, a signal is supplied to turn on the autonomous power sources of the launched object through electrical connector 8, and the starting engine is started from the onboard control system.

Thus, due to the specifics of performing multi-seat ship launchers of vertical launch, the invention allows to create a fairly simple modular launcher of vertical launch, which provides the possibility of reducing the overall dimensions of launchers and the possibility of creating a modular launch system that can be easily modified depending on the specific parameters of the ship. Moreover, the invention provides the adaptability of PU to TPK with objects of various classes and purposes, which expands its operational capabilities and increases unification. In addition, the invention provides adaptability to various objects-carriers and to a large number of standard sizes TPK, which also extends the operational capabilities.

Claims (6)

1. license vertical launching ship launcher, comprising an upper base made with the possibility of fixing on the deck of the ship, with a trunnion supporting frame for transport and launch containers, means for holding and fixing transport and launch containers and electrical connectors of the ship’s firing control system with transport -launch containers, and the supporting frame with the upper end mounted in the upper base, which is made with cells for transport-launch con of tuners, each cell is equipped with a protective cover fixed to the upper base with a drive for opening the latter, characterized in that it further comprises a lower base that can be mounted on the ship’s foundation, and supporting bases for transport launch containers, while the upper base is equipped with vertical guiding elements each of which is made interacting with the corresponding trunnion of the supporting frame, the latter being pivotally supported on the lower base, with each of the supports bases for the transport and launch containers, respectively, mounted on a supporting frame with the possibility of interaction with the bottom of the corresponding transport and launch container in the operating position of the launcher, and the launcher is designed to provide lateral support of the transport and launch containers and has an even number of cells, with the supporting frame in the upper the base is installed in such a way that in plan the corresponding launcher cells are located symmetrically with respect to the projection longitudinal second axis pins of the base frame, wherein the supporting frame is provided with guide elements for the transport and launch container, each made in the form of slot-guide interacting with a yoke transport and launch container when loading the latter in the launcher. 2. The launcher according to claim 1, characterized in that the support base for the transport and launch container is equipped with yokes that interact with the corresponding keyway guides of the carrier frame. 3. Launcher according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of reinstalling the aforementioned support base along the height of the supporting frame and fixing the relative position of the latter. 4. Launcher according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier frame is made integral in height and contains a removable insert. 5. Launcher according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting frame is removable. 6. Launcher according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier frame is configured to install four transport launch containers and / or blocks of transport launch containers, the connecting elements of which mimic the connecting elements of said single transport and sand containers.

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