RU2274990C1 - Shank with apparatus for retaining of seeds in furrow - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, drill shanks for sowing of cucurbitaceous crop seeds on unirrigated land and embedding seeds to low depth into wet soil and retaining seeds in furrow and mulching from the top with dry thin layer.

SUBSTANCE: shank has ridger, shank slides, compactor, and covering device for returning of dry soil layer, said parts of shank being arranged in succession one behind another. Compactor is made in the form of two spherical disks arranged at an angle to vertical plane. Covering devices for returning of dry layer and mulching are made in the form of two brushes.

EFFECT: improved quality of sowing due to uniform seed distribution and providing complete contacting thereof with soil.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to seed coulters intended for sowing seeds of mainly melons on the dryland with their seeding at shallow depths in the moist soil layer, fixing them in the furrow and mulching with a dry layer on top.

Known opener containing narralnik, sealant and guide seeds. The sealant is made in the form of a rotating roller, the cross-sectional profile of which is a rhombus with rounded corners. The seed guide in the coulter has the form of a brachistochron (curve of the fastest descent) (see patent for invention RU No. 2220528, IPC A 01 C 7/20, 2002).

The disadvantages of this tool include the uneven distribution and placement of seeds in the groove.

Known crawler opener containing a ridge and zagortachi. In the rear part of the coulter there is a spring-loaded skid-shaped shortener, which is two intersecting conical surfaces installed at an angle α to each other and at an angle α / 2 to the vertical plane, and the line of their intersection is an arc of radius R (see patent for invention RU No. 2108704, IPC A 01 C 7/20, 1996).

The disadvantages of this tool include the sticking of moist soil to a skid-shaped claw when the coulter moves, which leads to the movement of soil with seeds, which disrupts their uniform distribution in the groove, and as a result, reduced germination and shortage of yield in the future. This creeping opener is accepted by us as the closest analogue.

The essence of the claimed invention is as follows.

The problem to which the invention is directed is the uniform distribution of seeds and obtaining earlier, in comparison with another method of sowing, seedlings of melons.

The technical result is an increase in the quality of sowing by improving the uniform distribution of seeds and ensuring their full contact with the soil.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that for sowing seeds in moist soil, a coulter is used, equipped with a compactor made in the form of two spherical disks of radius R located at an angle α to the vertical plane, as well as shorting for returning the dry layer and mulching, made in the form of two brushes intersecting each other at an angle β. The compactor discs, rotating, compact the walls of the grooves, fixing the position of the seeds, and the mulching brushes installed behind the compactor sprinkle moist soil with a thin dry layer.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a section of a seeder with a seal and a mulching brush.

Figure 2 shows the principle of operation of the seal and brush.

Figure 3, 4 shows the forces acting from the disks on the soil.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

Combined opener having a ridge 1, skid-shaped opener 2, seal 3 made in the form of two spherical disks of radius R, located at an angle α to the vertical plane, shortcuts made in the form of two brushes 4, intersecting at an angle β, and a support roller section 5. The pressure of the sealant on the soil is regulated by a spring 6, the scraper 7 cleans the adhering soil from the roller.

Installation works as follows.

When the coulter moves (see Figs. 1, 2), the ridge 1 shifts the dry soil layer in both directions and opens the wet layer. The crawler opener 2 forms a groove in the wet layer into which the seeds are laid. The sealant squeezes the walls of the groove, forming a small compacted roller. Moreover, due to the rotation of the compactor disks in the area of their contact with the ground, there are practically no horizontal components of the forces N _g , which tend to move the soil with seeds in the longitudinal direction, and the entire vertical load N _c created by the spring is used to compress the walls of the grooves (see Fig. .3). Because the disks are located at an angle α to the vertical plane, the force compressing the furrow walls will be calculated as N _p = N / cosα (see Fig. 4). A scraper is installed above the outer edge of the seal to remove the adhering wet soil layer.

The sealant is followed by earthing in the form of two brushes 4, returning part of the dry layer, previously shifted by the ridge, forming a mulching layer. The track roller of the section creates additional compaction of the soil and the mulching layer.

The use of this opener provides a more reliable contact of seeds with moist soil and their uniform distribution over the sowing furrow in comparison with other openers.

Claims (1)

Crawler coulter comprising a ridge sequentially mounted one after another, opener runners, sealant, shorting for returning a dry layer of soil, characterized in that the compactor is made in the form of two spherical disks located at an angle to the vertical plane, and shorting for returning a dry layer and mulching made in the form of two brushes.

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