CN118058031A - Quantitative seeder suitable for hills and mountains - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a quantitative seeder suitable for hills and mountains, belonging to the technical field of agricultural planting machinery and equipment, including: a fixed frame, a seed box, a seeding wheel, a seeding motor and a controller, the seed box is installed in the fixed frame and has a seed inlet hole on its top surface, a through seed outlet hole is opened on its bottom surface and the adjacent rear end surface, and an axial hole is provided on the lower part of its side surface; the seeding wheel is located in the seed box, a plurality of seeding grooves are provided on the outer wheel surface of the seeding wheel, and a fixed wheel hole is provided in the middle of the seeding wheel; the seeding motor is fixed to the outer side surface of the seed box and its output shaft is movably inserted through the axial hole and fixed in the fixed wheel hole. The present invention uses a seeding motor to drive the seeding wheel to rotate at a uniform speed. Since the outer wheel surface of the seeding wheel close to the outside of the seed box extends out of the seed outlet hole and a plurality of seeding grooves for quantitatively storing seeds are provided on its outer wheel surface at intervals along its circumference, seeds can be evenly sown on the seeding belt, avoiding missing seeds or repeated seeds in the same planting hole, and improving the quantitative sowing efficiency and quantitative sowing effect of the seeder.

Description

A quantitative seeder suitable for hills and mountains

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting machinery and equipment, and in particular to a quantitative seeder suitable for hills and mountains.

Background technique

A seeder is a large-scale agricultural planting machinery that can sow seeds quickly and evenly on farmland. Compared with traditional manual sowing, mechanical seeders have higher sowing efficiency and can complete large-area sowing operations in a shorter time, reducing farmers' labor intensity, reducing dependence on human resources, saving sowing time and labor costs; at the same time, mechanical seeders are equipped with seed direct sowing control systems, which can achieve precise direct sowing of seeds, control depth and spacing, ensure uniform distribution of seeds, and thus improve crop growth consistency and yield stability.

The earliest sowing tools were manual sowing, with farmers using simple tools to perform sowing operations. Later, with the development of agricultural technology, people began to develop various auxiliary sowing tools, such as seed spreaders, which laid the foundation for the development of automated sowing technology. Later, with the progress of industrialization and the development of science and technology, the level of agricultural mechanization in plain areas gradually improved. The emergence of seed drills greatly improved farming efficiency, saved manpower and time costs, and improved the accuracy and stability of sowing operations. At present, some advanced agricultural seeders are equipped with data collection functions, which can monitor the sowing operation in real time and generate sowing data reports to help farmers manage crops and make decisions.

However, mechanical seeders on the market are mostly used in plains. Because the soil in hilly and mountainous areas is highly sticky, the land is severely fragmented and mostly terraced, large agricultural machinery is not suitable for the characteristics of farmland in the area. This leads to a low level of agricultural mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas, and the wheel hubs are easily stuck to the soil and slip, causing abnormal situations such as repeated sowing or missing seeds in one planting hole.

Therefore, how to design an intelligent quantitative seeder that is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost and suitable for hills and mountains is a problem that those skilled in the art need to solve urgently.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a quantitative seeder suitable for hilly and mountainous areas, which solves the technical problems of low agricultural sowing mechanization level, unstable sowing accuracy and poor reliability in hilly and mountainous areas.

The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: a quantitative seeder suitable for hills and mountains, comprising: a fixed frame, a seed box, a seeding wheel, a seeding motor and a controller,

The seed box is installed in the fixed frame and has a seed inlet hole on its top surface, a through seed outlet hole on its bottom surface and the adjacent rear end surface, and an axial hole on the lower side surface; the seeding wheel is located in the seed box and its outer wheel surface extends out of the seed outlet hole, the gap between the outer wheel surface of the seeding wheel and the seed outlet hole is smaller than the diameter of the seed, and a plurality of seeding grooves for quantitatively storing seeds are provided on the outer wheel surface of the seeding wheel, and the plurality of seeding grooves are spaced apart along the circumference of the seeding wheel, and a fixed wheel hole is provided in the middle of the seeding wheel; the seeding motor is fixed to the outer side surface of the seed box and its output shaft movably passes through the axial hole and is inserted and fixed in the fixed wheel hole; the controller is fixed to the outer side surface of the seed box and is electrically connected to the seeding motor.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The sowing motor is used to drive the sowing wheel to rotate at a uniform speed. Since the outer wheel surface of the sowing wheel close to the outside of the seed box extends out of the seed hole and a plurality of sowing grooves for quantitative seed storage are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the outer wheel surface, the seeds can be sown evenly on the sowing belt to avoid missing seeds or repeated sowing in the same planting hole, thereby improving the quantitative sowing efficiency and quantitative sowing effect of the seeder;

2. Use the controller to control the speed of the sowing wheel and change the sowing gap on the sowing belt to meet the row spacing requirements required by the living environment of different types of vegetable seeds.

Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

Furthermore, the bottom surface of the seed box is an arc surface, and the seed outlet hole is arranged on the arc surface of the seed box and penetrates the adjacent rear end surface.

Furthermore, it also includes an arc-shaped seed scraper plate, which is fixed on the arc surface of the seed box corresponding to the lower side of the seed hole, and its concave arc surface is in contact with the outer wheel surface of the seeding wheel extending out of the seed hole.

A further beneficial effect of the above-mentioned method is that the side of the arc-shaped scraper plate corresponding to the seed hole is fixed on the arc surface of the seed box. Since the concave arc surface of the scraper plate contacts the outer wheel surface of the sowing wheel extending out of the seed hole, the excess seeds attached to the outer wheel surface of the sowing wheel can be scraped into the seed box, thereby preventing the seeds in the seed box from falling through the gap between the sowing wheel and the seed box.

Furthermore, the fixing frame includes a fixing sleeve, a plurality of front fixing rods and a plurality of rear fixing rods; the fixing sleeve is provided with a plurality of front fixing holes on the top surface near the front end thereof and a plurality of rear fixing holes on the top surface near the rear end thereof; the top ends of the plurality of front fixing rods are respectively inserted into the plurality of front fixing holes; the top ends of the plurality of rear fixing rods are respectively inserted into the plurality of rear fixing holes; and the seed box is inserted into the fixing sleeve.

Furthermore, it also includes a trenching component and a covering plate, wherein the trenching component is provided with a plurality of plug-in holes on the top surface near its rear end; the covering plate is provided with a plurality of mounting holes in the middle of the top surface; the bottom ends of the plurality of front fixing rods are respectively plugged into the plurality of plug-in holes; the bottom ends of the plurality of rear fixing rods are respectively plugged into the plurality of mounting holes.

The further beneficial effects of adopting the above are:

1. First, the furrowing assembly fixed on the front end of the fixed frame is sunk into the soil to open a gully to form a sowing belt, and then the sowing wheel is used to sow quantitatively on the sowing belt, and finally the soil is covered on the seeds with the covering plate to complete the three actions of furrowing, sowing and covering. This can simplify the mechanical structure of the seeder, reduce its volume and floor space, and make it more suitable for sowing in hilly and mountainous areas, thereby improving the level of agricultural mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas;

2. The multiple plug-in holes on the furrowing assembly are used to fix it on multiple front fixing rods, and then the mounting holes on the covering plate are used to fix it on multiple rear fixing rods. The installation height of the furrowing assembly and the covering plate can be adjusted according to different soils and different crops, thereby improving the adaptability of the seeder.

Furthermore, the trenching assembly includes a trenching shovel and a bulldozer plate, the bulldozer plate is a trapezoidal body and its small area end is fixed to the rear end of the trenching shovel; the multiple plug-in holes are all arranged on the top surface of the trenching shovel near its rear end; the cross-section of the covering plate is an arc-shaped structure.

A further beneficial effect of the above method is that by fixing a bulldozer at the rear end of the trenching shovel, the excess soil produced by trenching can be pushed to both sides of the sowing belt, making it easier to cover the soil after sowing.

Furthermore, the fixing frame also includes a front connecting strip, a front buffer spring, a rear connecting strip and a rear buffer spring, the front connecting strip is located in front of the seed box and is fixed on the plurality of front fixing rods; one end of the front buffer spring is fixed on the front connecting strip and the other end thereof is in contact with the front end surface of the seed box; the rear connecting strip is located behind the seed box and is fixed on the plurality of rear fixing rods; one end of the rear buffer spring is fixed on the rear connecting strip and the other end thereof is in contact with the rear end surface of the seed box.

The further beneficial effects of adopting the above are:

1. The front connecting strip is fixed on multiple front fixing rods. Since one end of the front buffer spring is fixed to the front connecting strip and the other end is in contact with the front end surface of the seed box, the soil resistance of the trenching assembly can be alleviated during the trenching operation.

2. The rear connecting strip is fixed on multiple rear fixing rods. Since one end of the rear buffer spring is fixed to the rear fixing strip and the other end is in contact with the rear end surface of the seed box, the soil resistance on the covering plate can be alleviated during the soil covering operation.

Furthermore, it also includes two limiting strips, both of which are arranged along the height direction perpendicular to the seed box and relatively fixed on the two opposite outer sides of the seed box; the bottom end of the fixed sleeve contacts with the top ends of the two limiting strips.

Furthermore, it also includes a motor housing, which is wrapped around the outer circumference of the sowing motor and fixed on the outer side of the seed box.

Furthermore, the included angle between the center extension lines of two adjacent sowing grooves is 60° to 90°.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a quantitative seeder suitable for hills and mountains according to the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of a quantitative seeder suitable for hills and mountains according to the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a seed box in a quantitative seeder suitable for hilly and mountainous areas according to the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a seed box in a quantitative seeder suitable for hilly and mountainous areas according to the present invention;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a furrowing assembly in a quantitative seeder suitable for hilly and mountainous areas according to the present invention;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a soil covering plate in a quantitative seeder suitable for hills and mountains according to the present invention.

In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

1. Fixed frame, 11. Fixed sleeve, 12. Front fixed rod, 13. Rear fixed rod, 14. Front connecting strip, 15. Front buffer spring, 16. Rear connecting strip, 17. Rear buffer spring, 2. Seed box, 21. Seed inlet hole, 22. Seed outlet hole, 23. Axis hole, 3. Seeding wheel, 31. Seeding groove, 32. Fixed wheel hole, 4. Seeding motor, 5. Controller, 6. Ditching assembly, 61. Ditching shovel, 611. Plug hole, 62. Bulldozer, 7. Covering plate, 71. Mounting hole, 8. Scraping plate, 9. Limiting strip, 10. Motor housing.

Detailed ways

The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIG1 , a quantitative seeder suitable for hills and mountains includes: a fixed frame 1, a seed box 2, a seeding wheel 3, a seeding motor 4 and a controller 5.

The seed box 2 is installed in the fixed frame 1 and has a seed inlet hole 21 on its top surface, a through seed outlet hole 22 on its bottom surface and the adjacent rear end surface, and an axial hole 23 on the lower side surface; the seeding wheel 3 is located in the seed box 2 and its outer wheel surface extends out of the seed outlet hole 22, the gap between the outer wheel surface of the seeding wheel 3 and the seed outlet hole 22 is smaller than the diameter of the seed, and a plurality of seeding grooves 31 for quantitatively storing seeds are provided on the outer wheel surface of the seeding wheel 3, and the plurality of seeding grooves 31 are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the seeding wheel 3, and a fixed wheel hole 32 is provided in the middle of the seeding wheel 3; the seeding motor 4 is fixed to the seed box 2 and its output shaft movably passes through the shaft hole 23 and is inserted into the fixed wheel hole 32; the controller 5 is fixed on the outer side of the seed box 2 and is electrically connected to the seeding motor 4; the above structure uses the seeding motor 4 to drive the seeding wheel 3 to rotate at a uniform speed. Since the outer wheel surface of the seeding wheel 3 close to the outside of the seed box 2 extends out of the seed hole 22 and a plurality of seeding grooves 31 for quantitatively storing seeds are arranged on the outer wheel surface at intervals along its circumference, seeds can be evenly sown on the sowing belt, avoiding missing seeds or repeated seeds in the same planting hole, and improving the quantitative sowing efficiency and quantitative sowing effect of the seeder;

In some specific embodiments, the bottom surface of the seed box 2 may be an arc surface, and the seed outlet hole 22 is provided on the arc surface of the seed box 2 and passes through the adjacent rear end surface.

In some specific embodiments, an arc-shaped seed scraper plate 8 may also be included. The scraper plate 8 is fixed on the arc surface of the seed box 2 corresponding to the lower side of the seed hole 22 and its concave arc surface contacts the outer wheel surface of the sowing wheel 3 extending out of the seed hole 22.

In some specific embodiments, the fixing frame 1 may include a fixing sleeve 11, multiple front fixing rods 12 and multiple rear fixing rods 13. The fixing sleeve 11 is provided with multiple front fixing holes on the top surface near its front end and multiple rear fixing holes on the top surface near its rear end; the top ends of the multiple front fixing rods 12 are respectively inserted into the multiple front fixing holes; the top ends of the multiple rear fixing rods 13 are respectively inserted into the multiple rear fixing holes; and the seed box 2 is inserted into the fixing sleeve 11.

In some specific embodiments, it may also include a trenching assembly 6 and a covering plate 7. The trenching assembly 6 is provided with a plurality of plug-in holes 611 on the top surface near its rear end; a plurality of mounting holes 71 are provided in the middle of the top surface of the covering plate 7; the bottom ends of the plurality of front fixing rods 12 are respectively inserted into the plurality of plug-in holes 611; the bottom ends of the plurality of rear fixing rods 13 are respectively inserted into the plurality of mounting holes 71.

In some specific embodiments, the trenching assembly 6 may include a trenching shovel 61 and a bulldozer plate 62, the bulldozer plate 62 is a trapezoidal body and its small area end is fixed to the rear end of the trenching shovel 61; a plurality of plug holes 611 are arranged on the top surface of the trenching shovel 61 near its rear end; the cross-section of the covering plate 7 is an arc-shaped structure.

In some specific embodiments, the fixing frame 1 may also include a front connecting strip 14, a front buffer spring 15, a rear connecting strip 16 and a rear buffer spring 17, the front connecting strip 14 is located in front of the seed box 2 and is fixed on a plurality of front fixing rods 12; one end of the front buffer spring 15 is fixed on the front connecting strip 14 and the other end thereof is in contact with the front end surface of the seed box 2; the rear connecting strip 16 is located behind the seed box 2 and is fixed on a plurality of rear fixing rods 13; one end of the rear buffer spring 17 is fixed on the rear connecting strip 16 and the other end thereof is in contact with the rear end surface of the seed box 2.

In some specific embodiments, a limiting strip 9 may also be included. There are two limiting strips 9, both of which are arranged along the height direction of the seed box 2 vertically and are relatively fixed on the two opposite outer sides of the seed box 2; the bottom end of the fixing sleeve 11 contacts the top ends of the two limiting strips 9.

In some specific embodiments, a motor housing 10 may also be included, which is wrapped around the outer circumference of the sowing motor 4 and fixed to the outer side of the seed box 2.

Specifically, the included angle between the center extension lines of two adjacent sowing grooves 31 may be 60° to 90°.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A quantitative seeder suitable for hills and mountains, characterized in that it includes: Fixing bracket (1), A seed box (2), the seed box (2) being installed in the fixing frame (1) and having a seed inlet hole (21) on its top surface, a through seed outlet hole (22) on its bottom surface and the adjacent rear end surface, and an axial hole (23) on its side lower portion; A sowing wheel (3), the sowing wheel (3) being located in the seed box (2) and having an outer wheel surface extending out of the seed outlet hole (22), the gap between the outer wheel surface of the sowing wheel (3) and the seed outlet hole (22) being smaller than the diameter of the seed, the outer wheel surface of the sowing wheel (3) being provided with a plurality of sowing grooves (31) for quantitatively storing seeds, the plurality of sowing grooves (31) being distributed at intervals along the circumference of the sowing wheel (3), and a fixed wheel hole (32) being provided in the middle of the sowing wheel (3); A sowing motor (4), wherein the sowing motor (4) is fixed to the outer side surface of the seed box (2) and its output shaft movably passes through the shaft hole (23) and is inserted and fixed in the fixed wheel hole (32); A controller (5), wherein the controller (5) is fixed on the outer side of the seed box (2) and is electrically connected to the seeding motor (4). 2. A quantitative seeder suitable for hills and mountains according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom surface of the seed box (2) is an arc surface, and the seed outlet hole (22) is arranged on the arc surface of the seed box (2) and passes through the adjacent rear end surface. 3. A quantitative seeder suitable for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 2, characterized in that it also includes an arc-shaped scraper plate (8), which is fixed on the arc surface of the seed box (2) corresponding to the lower side of the seed hole (22) and its concave arc surface is in contact with the outer wheel surface of the seeding wheel (3) extending out of the seed hole (22). 4. A quantitative seeder suitable for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixed frame (1) includes a fixed sleeve (11), a plurality of front fixed rods (12) and a plurality of rear fixed rods (13); the fixed sleeve (11) is provided with a plurality of front fixing holes on the top surface near its front end and a plurality of rear fixing holes on the top surface near its rear end; the top ends of the plurality of front fixed rods (12) are respectively inserted into the plurality of front fixing holes; the top ends of the plurality of rear fixed rods (13) are respectively inserted into the plurality of rear fixing holes; the seed box (2) is inserted into the fixed sleeve (11). 5. A quantitative seeder suitable for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 4, characterized in that it also includes a furrowing component (6) and a covering plate (7), wherein the furrowing component (6) is provided with a plurality of plug-in holes (611) on the top surface near its rear end; a plurality of mounting holes (71) are provided in the middle of the top surface of the covering plate (7); the bottom ends of the plurality of front fixing rods (12) are respectively plugged into the plurality of plug-in holes (611); the bottom ends of the plurality of rear fixing rods (13) are respectively plugged into the plurality of mounting holes (71). 6. A quantitative seeder suitable for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 5, characterized in that the trenching assembly (6) includes a trenching shovel (61) and a bulldozer (62), the bulldozer (62) is a trapezoidal body and its small-area end is fixed to the rear end of the trenching shovel (61); a plurality of the plug-in holes (611) are all arranged on the top surface of the trenching shovel (61) near its rear end; the cross-section of the covering plate (7) is an arc-shaped structure. 7. A quantitative seeder suitable for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 4, characterized in that the fixed frame (1) also includes a front connecting strip (14), a front buffer spring (15), a rear connecting strip (16) and a rear buffer spring (17), the front connecting strip (14) is located in front of the seed box (2) and is fixed on a plurality of the front fixing rods (12); one end of the front buffer spring (15) is fixed on the front connecting strip (14) and the other end thereof is in contact with the front end surface of the seed box (2); the rear connecting strip (16) is located at the rear of the seed box (2) and is fixed on a plurality of the rear fixing rods (13); one end of the rear buffer spring (17) is fixed on the rear connecting strip (16) and the other end thereof is in contact with the rear end surface of the seed box (2). 8. A quantitative seeder suitable for hills and mountains according to claim 4, characterized in that it also includes a limiting strip (9), wherein there are two limiting strips (9), and the two limiting strips (9) are arranged along a height direction perpendicular to the seed box (2) and are relatively fixed on the two opposite outer sides of the seed box (2); the bottom end of the fixed sleeve (11) contacts with the top end of the two limiting strips (9). 9. A quantitative seeder suitable for hills and mountains according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it also includes a motor housing (10), wherein the motor housing (10) is wrapped around the outer peripheral side of the sowing motor (4) and fixed on the outer side of the seed box (2). 10. A quantitative seeder suitable for hills and mountains according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the included angle between the center extension lines of two adjacent sowing grooves (31) is 60° to 90°.