RU2265302C2 - Apparatus for presowing treatment of seeds in electromagnetic field - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, equipment for presowing treatment of cereal crops.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus is made in the form of modular construction, each of modules being independent device formed as treatment chamber manufactured as cylindrical casing. Winding consisting of identical magnetizing coils connected in correlation with each other is mounted on cylindrical casing. Casing is composed of at least two parts, each of said parts being annular magnetic core. Pole piece beveled at its outer side is mounted on each of magnetic cores. Non-magnetic annular inserts are provided between pole pieces for providing continuity of treatment chamber. Each of magnetizing coils of winding is arranged over non-magnetic insert and is embraced with additional magnetic core.

EFFECT: improved quality of presowing treatment and simplified construction of apparatus.

2 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the device relates

The invention relates to agriculture, and in particular to devices designed for presowing treatment of seeds of grain crops, and can be used in agricultural production.

State of the art

Known devices for presowing treatment of seeds in a magnetic field, including a treatment chamber covered by an electromagnet, a device for mixing seeds and infrared placed inside the chamber (see US patent No. 3765125, cl. 47-13, 1973; French patent No. 2237399, class A 01 C 1/05, 1975) or ultraviolet emitters (AS USSR No. 959651, class A 01 C 1/001).

The disadvantages of these devices include the fact that seed treatment is performed by several physical factors: magnetic field, infrared and ultraviolet rays. At the same time, additional mixing devices are used to heat the seeds or irradiation, which ensure uniform distribution of seeds over a large area of the working surface of the chamber, which complicates the design, increases costs and leads to increased energy consumption.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed and adopted by the authors for the prototype is a device containing a cylindrical body made of diamagnetic material, with a winding consisting of counter-included identical coils and sections with a source of ultraviolet radiation (see RF patent No. 2051551, class A 01 C 1/00).

The disadvantage of the prototype is that the section with a source of ultraviolet radiation and a device for evenly placing seeds on the treated surface complicates the design, because placed inside the case. The time for treating seeds with a magnetic field (exposure) differs from the time for treating with ultraviolet rays, which complicates dosing and does not give the total effect of presowing treatment of seeds.

Disclosure of invention

The technical result that can be achieved using the present invention is to simplify the design of the device and improve the quality of pre-treatment of seeds.

The technical result is achieved in that in a device for pre-sowing seed treatment in an electromagnetic field, including a treatment chamber in the form of a cylindrical body and a winding made of identical coils mounted on it, according to the invention, the body is made of at least two parts, each of which consists of an annular magnetic circuit with a pole tip having a bevel on the outside, and between the parts of the housing in the area of the pole tips are installed with the formation of a magnetic gap inside to processing steps nonmagnetic spacer ring, and each of the coil windings arranged on top of each spacer and covered by an additional magnetic core.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 shows a device for pre-sowing seed treatment of three modules.

Figure 2 presents the device module.

The implementation of the invention

A device for presowing seed treatment consists of identical modules. The module includes a processing chamber 1 in the form of a cylindrical body and a winding installed on it from identical magnetizing coils 2, while the cylindrical body is made of two at least parts, each of which consists of an annular magnetic circuit 3 with a pole tip 4, having a bevel on the outside (not indicated), and between the parts of the housing in the area of the pole pieces 4 are installed with the formation of a magnetic gap inside the processing chamber 1 non-magnetic ring spacers 5, and each giving windings from coils 2 is placed on top of each spacer 5 and is covered by an additional magnetic circuit (not shown).

The device operates as follows.

Magnetizing coils 2 receive power from an alternating current network of industrial frequency. Between the pairs of pole pieces 4, an alternating electromagnetic field is created along the walls of the ring magnetic circuits 3 with a maximum induction near the ring non-magnetic spacers 5. As a result, a seed treatment zone is formed by the electromagnetic field inside the treatment chamber 1. Seed goes through the treatment area when spilling. Magnetic induction remains unchanged. The exposure of the processing is controlled by the number of modules and the inclination of the longitudinal axis of the camera to the horizon. The vertical position will correspond to the minimum time for seed advancement. The optimal seed treatment dose of various crops is established, seeking to increase their sowing and economically useful qualities.

A positive effect when using the proposed device is manifested in a decrease in seeding rate due to increased field germination of seeds, plant survival and increased adaptation to adverse conditions. In the North Caucasus region, an increase in winter wheat productivity amounted to 9.2-12.8%. Especially responsive to treatment are injured seeds stored at high humidity and stored for long periods, for example, insurance and transition funds. Substandard seeds, the germination of which is 75-82%, were brought to the sowing standards of the first and second classes.

Compared with the prototype, the invention has advantages:

simplicity of design is achieved by eliminating the ultraviolet section and devices that level the seeds before irradiation;

Improving the quality of seed treatment is achieved by the fact that the electromagnetic field freely penetrates the environment of the seed, processing the entire volume of grain passing through the active and passive zones.

Claims (1)

A device for pre-sowing seed treatment in an electromagnetic field, comprising a treatment chamber in the form of a cylindrical body and a winding made of identical coils mounted on it, characterized in that the body is made of at least two parts, each of which consists of an annular magnetic circuit with a pole tip having an bevel on the outside, and between the parts of the housing in the area of the pole pieces are installed with the formation of a magnetic gap inside the processing chamber non-magnetic ring is simple wakes, and each of the winding coils is placed on top of each spacer and is covered by an additional magnetic circuit.

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