RU2226519C2 - Apparatus for preparing of fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, equipment for preparing of fertilizer and feeds. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has case with charging and discharge troughs and two shafts located in trough-shaped case depressions and equipped with blades and screws arranged in helical lines. Blades and screws are arranged on shafts in sequential alternation so that blades helical lines make continuation of screws helical lines. Screw coils are equipped with holes. Shaft and drive connections, direction of coils and arrangement of screws and blades provide for single direction of advancement of mixture and movement of mixture from blades of one shaft onto screw coils of other shaft. Charging and discharge hatches are arranged at opposite ends of shafts. EFFECT: intensified process for preparing of fertilizer and improved quality of fertilizer and feeds. 2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for the preparation of fertilizers.

Known production line for the preparation of feed (A.s. 695652, A 23 N 17/00), containing a receiving hopper, a feeder, a chopper, a continuous metering unit, a loading conveyor and a continuous mixer, installed sequentially during the process.

The disadvantages of this production line are increased energy and metal consumption, low intensity and the quality of mixing of unmilled and fibrous desiccants used for the preparation of fertilizers.

Closest to the technical nature of the invention is a feed mixer (A.S. 200415, A 23 K), comprising a housing with loading and unloading hatches, in the trough-shaped recesses of which two shafts are installed.

The disadvantage of this feed mixer is low productivity and insufficient quality of mixing feed components with fibrous inclusions.

The purpose of the invention is to obtain high-quality prepared fertilizer, reducing specific energy and metal consumption during the intensification of the process.

The proposed method for the preparation of fertilizers is as follows: a fibrous desiccant (straw) is supplied by the dispenser to the fertilizer preparation device, where it is mixed with manure and supplied with the dosage of mineral fertilizer.

To perform this method of fertilizer preparation, a technological line is proposed, including a fibrous desiccant feeder-dispenser, a fertilizer dispenser, a semi-liquid manure pump, and a fertilizer preparation device consisting of a housing with loading and unloading hatches, in which two screws are installed in trough-like recesses, on the shafts of which the blades are fixed, alternating with the turns of the screw along the helix, while the turns of the screws and the blades continuing the helix are installed in therefore, the turns of the screws have holes, and the connection of the shafts with the drive, the direction of winding and the location of the turns and blades provide a single direction of movement of the mixture and its movement from the blades of one shaft to the turns of the screw of the other, and the loading and unloading hatches are located at opposite ends of the shafts, while the body and shafts are installed at an angle to the horizontal, and the blades are connected to the shaft through the adjustment nodes.

Figure 1 schematically shows a General view of the production line;

figure 2 shows a top view of a device with a General scheme of motion of the mixture;

figure 3 shows a diagram of a partial return of the mixture.

The device includes a feeder-dispenser of fibrous desiccant 1 (figure 1), a dispenser of mineral fertilizers 2 (figure 1), a pump 3, feeding semi-liquid manure (figure 1), and a device for preparing fertilizers 4 (figure 1), made in the form of a housing 5 (FIGS. 1 and 2) having loading 6 (FIG. 1) and unloading 7 (FIG. 1) hatches, two shafts 8 (FIGS. 2, 3) with blades 9 (FIG. 2), connected with the shaft adjusting nodes 12 (figure 2) and turns of the screw 10 (figure 2, 3) with holes 11 (figure 2, 3).

A device for preparing fertilizers works as follows.

The components through the loading hatch 6 (fiber absorber from the metering feeder 1, mineral fertilizers from the metering unit 2, manure from the pump 3) enter the screws 8 and are transported in turns 10 to the blades 9. The blades 9 transfer part of the mass from one shaft 8 to the turns 10 of another Thus, the flows are broken and mixed, intensifying the processes, increasing the quality of fertilizer preparation.

The amount of mass transferred from one shaft 8 to another is regulated by changing the angle of installation of the blades 9 using the adjustment nodes 12. Partial return of the mass (Fig. 3) is carried out by passing it through the holes 11 in the turns 10 of the screw and due to the inclination of the shafts, which increase the time of mixing the components, the intensification of the preparation of fertilizers.

Using the proposed method and device for preparing fertilizer allows you to intensify the preparation process and improve the quality of fertilizer, spend it without loss of working time for loading and unloading, allows you to increase productivity by 20% and does not have a negative impact on the environment.

Claims (2)

1. A device for preparing fertilizers, comprising a housing with loading and unloading hatches, in the trough-shaped recesses of which are two shafts with blades and screws fixed to them along helical lines, characterized in that the blades and screws are located on the shafts with sequential alternation so that the screw the blade lines are a continuation of the screw lines of the screws, while the turns of the screws are made with holes, and the connection of the shafts with the drive, the direction of winding and the location of the turns of screws and blades provide a single direction Adding movement mixture and its movement with the blades of one shaft to the other turns of the screw, wherein the loading and unloading hatches located at the opposite ends of shafts. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing and shafts are installed at an angle to the horizontal plane, and the blades are mounted on the shafts using the adjustment nodes.

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