RU2173777C2 - Method of analysis of conditions of drilling of downcast wells and parameters of their state - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: drilling of oil and gas wells, control over drilling process with the help of analysis of productivity of drill with preset sizes and design. SUBSTANCE: method includes drilling of well with the help of drill beginning from initial point and ending in final point, and determination of distance between said points. Distance is divided into definite number of intervals. Method provides for formation of electrical signals of real force in interval each of which corresponds to force developed by drill on respective interval, and electrical signals within interval each of which corresponds to length of said interval. Combined processing of said electrical signals are used to form value corresponding to full volume of work performed by drill in process of drilling between initial and final points. Use of said method for analysis of productivity or performed volume of work allows also analysis of a number of other conditions of drilling and/or parameters of state of downcast wells. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 47 cl, 7 dwg

Description

 It is known that at the earliest stage of development of an industry related to the drilling of oil and gas wells, one of the most serious problems was that it was not possible to trace what was really happening in the downhole. There are many combinations of state parameters and / or downhole conditions that can be of great interest in order to make the right decisions regarding further actions during drilling. However, all the methods developed with the aim of analyzing the state parameters and / or conditions of the passage of the downhole are indirect. In this regard, all the methods created so far are very far from ideal, as a result of which there is a constant need in the mentioned industry for creating simpler and / or more accurate methods of analysis.

 In general, within the framework of the known level of development of the technology, there is a tendency to focus mainly on specific state parameters or conditions for the passage of downhole wells and to develop an analysis method for this particular parameter or condition. So, for example, in US patent N 5305836 described a method that allows you to electronically simulate the wear of an existing drill; the latter was proposed to be carried out on the basis of a lithological survey of a well formed during the drilling of this drill. This approach helps the operator to correctly determine the point in time to replace the drill.

 The procedure for selecting the type or design of the drill for drilling in a certain part of a particular geological formation is currently based on, at best, very general considerations, and in the worst case, it is implemented more intuitively and is based on random selection, rather than on any either scientific conclusions.

 Naturally, one could give other examples related to earlier attempts to control and analyze various state parameters and / or well passage conditions.

 Moreover, there are also many state parameters and / or conditions of passage, which would be very useful for operators to know during the drilling process. Nevertheless, since these parameters turn out to be less significant and, in view of the priorities that exist in relation to the creation of better analysis methods for those parameters that are of greater importance, very little, and sometimes not at all, was devoted to the development of analysis methods for secondary parameters and conditions. attention was paid.

 To date, almost no attention has been paid to the development of methods for analyzing the productivity of a drill while drilling a well, starting from its starting point and ending with its end point. The present invention provides a very convenient method for performing such an analysis. The method in accordance with the present invention, in particular, is very simple to use, and, which is perhaps more significant, the results of such an analysis allow us to create a basis for developing methods for analyzing many other state parameters and / or conditions of passage.

 So, in particular, a well, starting from the starting point and ending with the ending point, is usually formed by drilling using a drill, characterized by a certain size and design. For the purposes of this description, the term "starting point" may not necessarily (but quite possibly) be used to indicate the point or level at which the drill first begins to be used for drilling purposes in the well. Similarly, the term "end point" is not necessarily (but quite possible) used to indicate the point or level at which the drill is decommissioned and replaced by another. These starting and ending points can correspond to any two points or levels between which a particular drill can be used for drilling purposes and in the interval between which data can be obtained necessary to make decisions regarding subsequent actions. In any case, it is envisaged to determine the distance between the starting and ending points, and this interval is divided into a certain number, preferably small, of intervals. In this case, it is planned to form a plurality of electrical signals for evaluating the real force in the interval, each of which corresponds to the amount of force created by the drill in the corresponding interval between the starting and ending points. In addition, it is envisaged the formation of a plurality of electrical signals of the interval, each of which corresponds to the length of the interval for the corresponding electrical signal of the real effort in the interval. These electrical signals of real effort in the interval and electrical signals in the interval are jointly processed by a computer to form a value that characterizes the total amount of work performed by the drill during drilling, starting from the starting point and ending with the ending point.

 The results of the above analysis in terms of the scope of work can be used to determine the value of the mechanical efficiency of the drill.

 The joint processing of electric signals of real effort in the interval and electric signals in the interval of the gap can be performed to generate an electric signal of the average weighted force corresponding to the average weighted value of the force created by the drill in the gap between the starting and ending points, and multiplying the average weighted value of the force by the distance between starting and ending points and will determine the magnitude of the total amount of work.

 The joint processing of electrical signals of real effort in the interval and electrical signals in the interval of the gap can be performed to generate the corresponding electrical signal of the actual workload in the interval for each of the intervals and the subsequent integration of electrical signals of the real workload in the interval, which will allow generating an electrical signal of the total workload, corresponding to the total amount of work.

 Joint processing of electrical signals of real effort in the interval and electrical signals in the interval of the gap will determine the functional dependence of the force / distance, which can be integrated in the future.

 Vibration of the drill can lead to a change in the force generated by the drill in the interval of effort, and each electrical signal of the real force in the interval corresponds to the average value of the force created by the drill in the corresponding interval.

 Each electrical signal of the real interval force can be generated by joint processing of electrical signals consisting respectively of an electric signal of the drill rotation speed, an electric signal of the torque of the drill and an electric signal of the penetration rate of the drill, or consisting respectively of an electric signal of the load on the drill and an electric signal of hydraulic shock, or by processing an electrical signal corresponding to an electrical signal more ovogo force on the drill in the appropriate range during drilling.

 Each electrical signal of real effort in the interval can be generated by joint processing of electrical signals, consisting respectively of an electrical signal generated by the drill torque force and an electrical signal of the penetration depth per one revolution of the drill.

 When determining the wear for the drills of the aforementioned size and design, it is possible to perform the formation by drilling of a plurality of similar wells using the aforementioned drills and determine the corresponding total workload for each of the drills and additionally carry out the following steps to generate the corresponding electrical signal of the total workload corresponding to the total workload , for each of the aforementioned drills, the extraction of each of the drills from the corresponding well after it reaches the corresponding end point, measuring the wear rate of each drill after it is extracted and generating the corresponding electrical wear signal, establishing a correlation between the electrical signal of the full workload and the electrical wear signal for each drill, and extrapolating the electrical signals of the full workload and electrical wear signals to form a sequence electrical signals corresponding to the continuous dependence of the estimated amount of work between the amount of work and ohm drill predetermined size and construction.

 Said sequence of electrical signals can be converted to a visually recorded form.

 Vibration of the drill can lead to a change in the force generated by the drill in the interval of effort, and each electrical signal of the real force in the interval can correspond to the average value of the force created by the drill in the corresponding interval. In this case, it is possible to generate an electric signal of maximum force corresponding to the maximum value of the force generated by the drill in the corresponding interval, to determine the limit level corresponding to the maximum allowable force required to pass through rock drilling with the corresponding strength indicator in the corresponding interval, and compare the value corresponding to an electric signal of maximum effort, with a limit level to detect possible excessive wear wasp borax. It is possible to generate an electric signal of a limit level corresponding to a limit level, and electronically compare the electric signal of the limit level with electric signals of maximum force. Provided that the value corresponding to the electric signal of maximum effort exceeds the limit or is equal, the limit level, the corresponding drill is excluded from the group of drills for which electric signals of the calculated workload are generated.

 The dependence of the estimated volume of work, determined in the manner indicated above, may include a correlation point of maximum wear / maximum amount of work. At the same time, the possibility of forming, by drilling with the first drill with the mentioned size and design of the specified interval in the geological formation, is determined and the following actions are carried out (hereinafter these actions will be called the first sequence of actions): the formation of at least two electrical signals of the drill utilization efficiency corresponding to the indicator rock strength at respective successively spaced intervals of said well span, electrical signals of drill efficiency for generating the corresponding electrical signals of the predicted amount of work in the interval corresponding to the volumes of work that would have been performed by the drill while passing through the corresponding intervals, processing of electrical signals of the predicted amount of work corresponding to the volumes of work that could be performed by the drill during drilling at intervals, comparing the total length of the intervals with the length of the interval of the well, comparison, subject to the length of the gap between the total length of the intervals, the electrical signal of the resulting predicted amount of work with an electrical signal corresponding to the amount of work for the point of maximum wear / maximum amount of work. Moreover, they can additionally analyze the indicators of abrasion of the rock in the interval of the well and the subsequent correction of the electrical signals of the predicted amount of work in the interval to take into account the increased wear caused by the abrasive properties of the rock.

 The electric signal of the resulting predicted amount of work mentioned in the description of the first sequence of actions may not exceed the electric signal corresponding to the amount of work for the point of maximum wear / maximum amount of work, while the following actions are additionally performed (hereinafter, these actions will be called the second sequence of actions): in the aforementioned manner, at least one additional additional electrical signal of efficiency for a sequentially spaced interval, the correction of the mentioned additional electrical signal of efficiency, taking into account the decrease in efficiency due to the amount of work performed at the previous intervals, processing the above-mentioned method of the corrected additional electric signal of efficiency to generate the corresponding additional electric signal of the predicted amount of work in the interval, processing of the above-mentioned method all electrical signals about noziruemogo work volume in the range to generate a new electric signal resulting predicted amount of work corresponding to the amount of work that could perform a drill during drilling pass through all intervals, comparing the total lengths of the intervals with the length of the borehole interval above-mentioned method.

 The length of the well span may exceed the total length of the intervals, while additionally comparing the new electrical signal of the resulting predicted amount of work with the amount of work for the point of maximum wear / maximum amount of work. The electric signal corresponding to the amount of work for the point of maximum wear / maximum amount of work can exceed the new electric signal of the resulting predicted amount of work, while additionally repeating the second sequence of actions, or the new electric signal of the resulting predicted amount of work can exceed or be equal to the electric signal corresponding to the volume of work for the point of maximum wear / maximum amount of work, while up to they additionally carry out the repetition of the first sequence of actions for a new drill with the same size and design, but for a new interval smaller than the initial interval of the well by the total length of the intervals covered by the first drill.

 When comparing the total length of the intervals with the length of the interval of the well, a situation may arise when the total length of the intervals may be greater than or equal to the length of the interval of the well, while additionally repeating the first sequence of actions for the first drill of another design. It is possible to carry out joint processing of a new electric signal of the resulting predicted amount of work and an electric signal corresponding to the amount of work for the point of maximum wear / maximum amount of work, to generate an electric signal corresponding to the remaining life of the drill. It is possible to generate, for each interval, an electrical signal corresponding to the penetration rate in this interval by jointly processing electrical signals consisting, respectively, of an electrical signal of a performance limitation level for a specific indicator of rock strength, an electric efficiency signal for a specific interval, an electric signal of rock strength for specific interval and electrical signal area perpendicular across LfTetanus sectional borax, and processing for each electric signal drill penetration rate interval for generating an electrical signal corresponding to the drilling time for the drill. At the same time, one selects from a set of drills of predetermined structures that allow passing through a specific interval of the well, one drill of a given design, ensuring minimum costs per foot of the length of the drilled passage, by drilling.

 It should be noted that before performing the first sequence of actions for at least one control drill with a size and design similar to the size and design of the first drill, the following steps can be performed: generating an electrical signal of minimum effort in the range corresponding to the minimum force required, theoretically, for rock passing through drilling at each of the mentioned intervals, joint processing of electrical signals of minimum effort in the interval and ctric signals in the interval interval for the control drill for generating for the control drill the corresponding electric signal of the minimum amount of work for each of the mentioned intervals, joint processing of electric signals of real effort in the interval and electric signals in the interval interval for generating for the control drill the electric signal of the real amount of work in interval for each of the mentioned intervals, joint processing of electrical signals of the real volume of work in interval and electrical signals of the minimum amount of work in the interval for the formation of the corresponding electrical signal of real efficiency in the interval for each interval, the formation of many electrical signals of compressive strength for various indicators of compressive strength of the rock and the correlation of each electrical signal of compressive strength with one of electrical signals of real efficiency in the interval corresponding to the indicator of the effectiveness of the use of cont a roll drill in the interval characterized by the corresponding index of compressive strength of the rock, and extrapolating the correlated electrical signals of compressive strength and electrical signals of real efficiency in the interval for the control drill to form the first sequence of electrical signals corresponding to a continuous dependence of the efficiency / strength for the drill of a given size and design, as well as the use of the first set of electrical signals to determine the magnitude of the ele an insulating signals efficient use of borax formed aforementioned manner during the execution of the first and second sequences of actions. In this case, before performing the first sequence of actions, the following stages can also be carried out: determination of the effectiveness / strength limit value of the compressive strength of the rock above which the drill of a given design should not be used for drilling purposes and comparing the limit value with the compressive strength rock at a given interval of the well, as well as performing the first sequence of actions for the first drill only in conditions not exceeding p renders of rock strength at a given interval of the well of limiting value. Before performing the first sequence of actions, it is possible to extrapolate electrical signals of real efficiency in the interval for the control drill and the first sequence of electrical signals with the formation of at least one more sequence of electrical signals corresponding to a continuous relationship between the resulting workload performed by the drill and the decrease in efficiency due to wear for one of the corresponding indicators of rock strength at a given interval wells, and also carry out the first and second sequence of actions using the second sequence of electrical signals to correct the electrical signals of efficiency mentioned above.

 It should be noted that each of the wells used for the above determination of wear using a plurality of drills with a size and structure similar to a given drill can be drilled in rock with relatively low abrasion, while the abrasion for the rock is additionally determined, traversed along a given interval of another well using another similar drill, by measuring the wear of another drill after passing through b rhenium of the mentioned interval of another well, determined by the dependence of the estimated amount of work, the value corresponding to the wear indicator of another drill, and form the corresponding electrical signal of the estimated amount of work, determine the amount of abrasive rock formed by drilling on the said interval of another well, and form the corresponding electric the signal of the volume of abrasive rock, form an electrical signal of the real volume of work corresponding to the volume of work performed by gim brown by passing through drilling of said wellbore interval other and jointly treated with an electrical actual work signal for another drill electrical rated work signal for another auger and electric signal of volume of abrasive rock for forming an electrical signal abrasion rock. Moreover, the volume of abrasive rock formed as a result of drilling another well is determined by processing electrical signals corresponding to the data of lithological measurements. Lithological measurement data can be determined both for sections of nearby wells and in another well by taking measurements while drilling.

 Also, when determining wear using a plurality of drills with a size and structure similar to a given drill, it is possible to carry out mathematical modeling of wear for the drill used to drill the current well by the following actions: generating the actual amplification signals in the interval and electric signals in the interval using the above method interval for each interval traveled using the aforementioned drill used, joint processing of electrical signals of real effort in interval and electrical signals in the interval interval for the used drill to generate the corresponding electrical signal of the real workload in the interval for each interval traveled by the used drill, periodically integrating the electrical signals of the real workload in the interval for generating the electric signal of the current work volume corresponding to the volume the work performed at the moment by the used drill, and periodic conversion by means of using the dependences of the estimated work volume of the electric signal of the current work volume into an electric signal of current wear, indicating the value of the wear indicator of the used drill.

 In the above-described implementation of the mathematical modeling of wear, provided that in the control interval of the control well located near the current well, rocks with high abrasion rates, the steps of measuring the wear index of the control drill are carried out, determining the value corresponding to the wear of the control drill according to the calculated work volume, and the formation of the corresponding electrical signal of the estimated scope of work, the determination of the amount of abrasive rock, about developed as a result of drilling in the control interval, and the formation of the corresponding electric signal of the volume of the abrading rock, the formation of the electric signal of the actual work volume corresponding to the volume of work performed by the control drill, and the joint processing of the electric signal of the real work volume for the control drill, the electric signal of the estimated work volume for a control drill and an electrical signal of the volume of abrasive rock for the formation of an electric signal of truth injury, as well as processing the electrical abrasion signal to correct the electrical signal of current wear.

 Also, when carrying out mathematical modeling of wear of the vibrations of the drill used, they can lead to a change in the drill force in the interval, in this case: generating the corresponding electric signal of maximum force corresponding to the maximum force generated by the drill in the corresponding interval, determining the limit level corresponding to the maximum allowable force required for passing through rock drilling with an appropriate strength indicator, at an appropriate interval, comparing the value corresponding to the electric signal of maximum force, with the corresponding limit level for the analysis of possible wear, exceeding the rate of wear corresponding to the electric signal of current wear.

 In mathematical modeling of wear, the used drill is decommissioned when the electrical signal reaches the current wear of a predetermined limit level. At the same time, the formation for each interval of the corresponding electrical signal of real efficiency in the interval corresponding to the efficiency of use of the drill under normal drilling conditions is also carried out.

 The mentioned electrical signal of real efficiency in the interval can be generated using the following steps: generating the corresponding electric signal of minimum effort in the interval corresponding to the minimum force theoretically required to pass through the rock formation in each of these intervals, the joint processing of electrical signals of minimum effort in the interval and electrical signals in the gap interval to form the corresponding electrical signal the minimum amount of work for each of the mentioned intervals, the joint processing of electrical signals of real effort in the interval and the electrical signals in the interval of the interval to form the corresponding electrical signal of the real amount of work in the interval for each of these intervals and the joint processing of electrical signals of the real amount of work in the interval and electrical signals of the minimum amount of work in the interval for the formation of the corresponding electrical signal real effect Intervals for each interval.

 In this case, the following actions can be carried out: the formation for an additional well drilled through the use of an additional similar drill, electrical signals in the interval interval in real time and electrical signals of effort in real time and the joint processing of these signals by the above method to form a sequence of electrical signals of the volume of work in the interval in real time, the joint processing of electrical signals of the volume of work in the interval in real time and the corresponding electrical signals of the minimum amount of work in the interval for the formation of the corresponding electrical signal of efficiency in the interval in real time, for each interval, comparing the electrical signals of efficiency in the interval in real time with the corresponding electric signals of real efficiency in the interval, use, provided there is a discrepancy in the magnitude of the electrical signals of efficiency in the interval in real ma the time scale and the actual efficiency electrical signals in the interval for a number of the mentioned intervals, the discrepancy index for identifying situations where such a discrepancy indicates problems with the drilling process itself or an increase in rock abrasion. The penetration rate during drilling is also monitored and the penetration rate reduction is used as an indicator to initiate a comparison of the electrical efficiency signals in the real-time interval and the real-life electrical signals in the interval by the above-mentioned method.

 Also, for this, the following actions can be carried out: the formation of a plurality of electric signals of compressive strength corresponding to various indicators of compressive strength of the rock, the establishment of a correlation between each electric signal of compressive strength and one of the mentioned electric signals of real efficiency in the interval corresponding to the real efficiency of use drill in the interval, characterized by the corresponding index of compressive strength of the rock, and extrapolar July correlated electrical signals of compressive strength and electrical signals of real efficiency in the interval for the formation of the first sequence of electrical signals corresponding to a continuous dependence of the efficiency / strength for the drill with a given size and design. In this case, it is possible to determine, with the aid of the aforementioned efficiency / strength relationship, the ultimate value of compressive strength, beyond which a drill of a given design should not be used for drilling, or extrapolate electrical signals of real efficiency in the interval and the first sequence of electrical signals with the formation of at least one an additional sequence of electrical signals corresponding to a continuous relationship between the resulting workload, flax drill, and a decrease in efficiency due to wear of the drill for one of the corresponding indicators of rock strength at a given interval.

 In mathematical modeling of wear, including the formation of an electrical signal of real efficiency, this signal can be generated by joint processing of electrical signals, consisting respectively of an electric signal of the depth of passage for one full revolution of the drill, an electric signal of the axial contact area of the drill, an electric signal of load on the drill, an electric signal torsional force, an electrical signal of a real measure of the strength of the rock that counteracts torsion Celia generated by a drill, an electric signal of the real index of rock strength opposing the axial force generated by a drill, and an electric signal area full cross-section perpendicular to the drill for all appropriate intervals.

 In mathematical modeling of wear, including the formation of an electrical signal of real efficiency, an electrical signal of real effort can be generated by jointly processing electrical signals consisting, respectively, of an electrical signal of a real indicator of rock strength, counteracting the torsional force generated by the drill, an electrical signal of the depth of passage in one full revolution drill, electric signal of twisting effort and electric signal of the area of full rpendikulyarnogo cross-section of the drill, for all relevant periods.

 In FIG. 1 is a diagram intended to illustrate in general terms the various procedures that can be implemented in accordance with the present invention.

 In FIG. 2 graphically illustrates the dependence of the estimated volume of work.

 In FIG. Figure 3 graphically illustrates the loss in the volume of work associated with the presence of noticeable abrasion indicators in the geological formation traversed by the drill.

 In FIG. 4 graphically illustrates the relationship between the indicators: the compressive strength of the rock and the efficiency of the drill.

 In FIG. 5 graphically illustrates the relationship between the accumulated amount of work performed by the drill in the process of drilling the well, and a decrease in the efficiency for this drill, which is a consequence of the wear of the latter.

 In FIG. Figure 6 shows an algorithm to illustrate the procedure for selecting a drill.

 In FIG. 7 graphically illustrates drill performance limitations.

 Turning to FIG. 1: the main essential and distinctive feature of the present invention is associated with the analysis of the productivity of the drill 10, used for drilling a well and having a certain size and design. A well or well 12 is formed, at least in part, by drilling using a drill 10. Thus, in particular, a drill 10 can be used to drill a well 12 between the start point I and the end point T. In the framework of this example implementation, which is illustrative character, the starting point I corresponds to the point at which the drill 10 was first used to perform work in the well 12, and the end point T corresponds to the point at which the drill 10 was decommissioned. Nevertheless, from the point of view of the performance analysis method considered here, any two points that can be uniquely identified, between which drill 10 was used for drilling purposes and in the interval between which necessary data that will be described in more detail below.

It seems most rational to perform a performance analysis based on the use of a well-known relationship of the form:
Ω _b = F _b D, (1)
where Ω _b = drill performance,
F _b = total force generated by the drill,
D = distance traveled by drilling.

 The length of the gap of the well 12 between points I and T can be determined and fixed as one of the many parameters of the well that can be determined during the drilling of the well 12, as shown in the diagram of FIG. 1 by line 14. To convert this parameter to an acceptable form for the purpose of its further input and processing by computer 16, this parameter, i.e. the distance between points I and T is preferably divided into a sufficiently large number of intervals of the interval, for example, intervals of half a foot each. For each of the lengths of these intervals of the gap, the formation of an electrical signal of the interval is provided, which is entered into the computer 16, as shown by line 18. In the framework of this description, when referring to parameter values and electrical signals, the term "corresponding" will mean "functionally interconnected" and it will be assumed that the corresponding function could, if necessary, be represented as a simple equivalent relation. The term “matching exactly” is used to indicate a situation where the signal directly corresponds to the value of a specific negotiated parameter.

 To determine the productivity or the amount of work performed by the drill, it is also envisaged to form a plurality of electrical signals of the real interval force, each of which corresponds to the amount of force created by the drill in the corresponding interval between the points I and T. However, due to the difficulties inherent in the methods of direct determination full effort created by the drill, it is also envisaged to enter into the computer 16 for each of the intervals of the interval of electrical signals sponding other parameters of the plurality of downhole parameters 14 as shown by line 18. A similar approach may, from a theoretical point of view, to provide identification of the actual value generated by the full force borer, including the applied axial force and torsional force applied in any way the lateral force. Nevertheless, in the case where the lateral force application is not specifically provided (in this case, its magnitude is precisely known), for example, if the corresponding drilling stabilizers are not available in the lower part of the well structure, the lateral force value is so small that it can be neglected analysis process.

In accordance with one example implementation of the present invention, the well parameters used to generate electrical signals of the real force of the interval are represented by the following parameters:
the load on the drill (w), expressed, for example, in pounds,
the amount of hydraulic shock produced by the drilling fluid (F _j ), expressed, for example, in pounds, the value of rotation speed (N), expressed as the number of revolutions per minute, the value of torque (T), expressed, for example, in feet per pound , the value of the penetration rate (R), expressed, for example, in feet / hour, and the amount of lateral force (F ₁ ), in the case of the creation of the latter, expressed, for example, in pounds.

Similar parameters defined for each interval of the well span are converted into corresponding electrical signals inputted, as shown by line 18, into the computer 16, and the latter is programmed or configured to process such signals to generate electrical signals of the real force of the interval, thereby creating an electronic models for solving the following equation:
Ω _b = [(w + F _j ) + 120 π NT / R + F ₁ ] D, (2)
where the magnitude of the lateral force, F ₁ , is assumed to be negligible, as a result of which it and the corresponding electrical signal are excluded from consideration.

It was found that the torsional component of the effort is dominant and most important in terms of analysis; while in the framework of less preferred embodiments of the present invention, the performance analysis can be carried out by using only this component of the effort and in this case, the corresponding ratio (2) is converted to:
Ω _b = [120 π NT / R] D. (3)
In accordance with an alternative example of implementation of the present invention in terms of the formation of electrical signals of the real effort of the interval, computer 16 can use an electronic model to solve an equation of the form:
Ω _b = 2 π T / dc D, (4)
where d corresponds to the depth of passage per one full revolution of the drill and, in turn, is determined by a ratio of the form:
d _c = R / 60N. (5)
The computer 16 is programmed or configured further for the purpose of jointly processing the said electrical signals of the real interval force and the electrical signals of the interval to generate an electric signal corresponding to the total volume of work performed by the drill 10 when the distance between points I and T during the drilling process is passed, as illustrated in FIG. 1 by block 34. This signal can be very conveniently converted into a numerical form that is easier for human perception, in which it is output by computer 16 (in the usual form), as shown by line 36.

The procedure for processing the electrical signals of the real force of the interval and the electrical signals of the interval of the interval, with the aim of determining the full amount of work (block 34), can be implemented in several different ways. For example:
In accordance with one of the mentioned methods, the computer provides processing of the electrical signals of the interval force and the electrical signals of the interval interval to generate an electric signal of the weighted average force corresponding to the average weighted value of the force generated by the drill in the borehole between the starting and ending points. The term "weighted average" in this case implies that each force value corresponding to one or more electrical signals of the real force of the interval undergoes the operation of "weighted conversion" taking into account the number of intervals in the gap at which the corresponding efforts are created. Then the computer simply performs the electronic operation of multiplying the average weighted magnitude of the force by the total distance between points I and T to form an electrical signal corresponding to the total amount of work.

 In accordance with another of the methods mentioned above, for each interval, it is provided that the corresponding electric signal of the real force of the interval and the electric signal of the interval interval are co-processed to form the corresponding electric signal of the real work volume of the interval, after which these received electric signals of the real work volume of the interval undergo integration operations to generate electrical signal of the full scope of work, corresponding in magnitude to the full in the volume of work performed drill.

 In accordance with another method mentioned above, a computer can calculate a functional relationship of the force / distance type based on joint processing of the electrical signals of the real force of the interval and the electrical signals of the interval interval, and then create an electronic model for the integral conversion of this function.

 These three methods described above, designed to process electrical signals, and pursuing the goal of determining an electrical signal corresponding to the total volume of work, are not only equivalent, but also allow for their example to trace possible alternative procedures that will be deemed equivalent in the future when considered other procedures in connection with various aspects of the present invention, described in more detail below.

 At present, a technology has already been created that allows to identify situations with excessive intensities of vibration of the drill during drilling. If at least for a part of the well span between points I and T the fact of the presence of excessive vibration intensities is detected, it may be preferable to enter the corresponding data and program the computer 16 so that the latter generates corresponding electrical signals of real effort for specific intervals of the gap, each of which will correspond in magnitude to the average value of the force generated by the drill at the corresponding interval interval. The latter can be realized by using an average (average) value for each of the variables used in determining the electrical signal of the real force of the interval.

 The wear rate of the used drill functionally depends on the resulting amount of work performed by the drill. In accordance with another essential feature of the present invention, in addition to determining the amount of work performed by the drill 10 while passing through the borehole between points I and T, the wear rate of the drill 10 resulting from drilling on the said gap is monitored by the corresponding procedure. In this case, the formation of the corresponding electrical wear signal and its input into the computer as part of the accumulated data, as shown in FIG. 1 by lines 15, 18. (It should be noted that in this case, point I must correspond to the point at which drill 10 first begins to be used for drilling purposes in the well, and point T must correspond to the point at which the use of drill 10 stops for purposes drilling.) Similar procedures can be implemented for additional wells 24 and 26 and the corresponding drills 28 and 30 used in them.

In FIG. 2 shows a graphical dependence, which allows to illustrate the procedure that can be implemented electronically by computer 16 in relation to electrical signals corresponding to similar data. In this case, in FIG. Figure 2 shows a graphical relationship illustrating the nature of the relationship between drill wear and the amount of work it performed. Using the above data, the computer 16 is able to process the corresponding electrical signals to determine the type of correlation between the corresponding electrical wear signals and the electrical signals of the scope of work, and create an electronic model in order to find on this graphical dependence of the point characterizing the state parameters for each of the wells 12, 24 and 26 and the corresponding drill used in them. So, for example, point 10 'can correspond to a correlated indicator of wear and volume of work performed by drill 10, point 28' can correspond to a correlated indicator of wear and volume of work performed by drill 28, and point 30 'can correspond to a correlated indicator of wear and volume of work performed by drill 30 The other points of the graphical dependence p ₁ , p ₂ and p ₃ correspond to the wear indicators and the amount of work performed for other drills having a similar design and size and not shown in FIG. 1.

By processing the electrical signals corresponding to these points of the graphical dependence, the computer 16 can determine the functional dependence corresponding to certain electrical signals, while a similar functional dependence can be graphically represented as a planned curve, in the general case as a curve with ₁ , it should be noted, however, that when interpreting the aforementioned functional dependence in the form of a smooth and continuous curve, such a curve will not always pass in an exact way through all individual points corresponding to specific empirical data. This continuous "dependence of the estimated workload" can also be represented as output information (as shown by line 39) of the computer 16 and can be used to implement the various features of the present invention described in more detail below.

For practical analysis, it turns out to be convenient to set the so-called end point p _max , which corresponds to the maximum wear of the drill, which can be allowed up to the moment when the drill can no longer be effectively used for drilling purposes, and, using the dependence of the estimated amount of work, determine the scope of work corresponding to this point. Thus, the point p _max actually corresponds to the point of maximum wear / maximum amount of work, which in this description will sometimes be called the "estimated amount of work" for a particular type of drill. It can also be very useful to determine the form of the dependence resulting from the mirror image of the curve with ₁ , i.e. curve ₂ , which characterizes the dependence of the remaining life of the drill on the amount of work performed by it and which is also determined based on the analysis of the above-mentioned electrical signals.

In a computer, electrical signals corresponding to the functional dependencies shown in FIG. 2 in the form of curves ₁ and ₂ are preferably converted, upon output (as shown by line 39), to a form that is acceptable for visual perception, for example, to the form of the curves shown in FIG. 2.

As mentioned above in another context, vibrations of the drill can lead to significant changes in the force generated by the drill at specific intervals in the well span. When forming the dependence of the estimated scope of work in such cases, it seems preferable to determine the electric signal of maximum force corresponding to the maximum value of the force generated by the drill at each similar interval. As will be explained in more detail below, in this case, the limit level corresponding to the maximum allowable force that can be created at this interval for the passage of rocks having a certain strength index can also be determined. For each such drill, which is potentially planned to be used to determine the type of curve with ₁ , the value corresponding to the electric signal of maximum effort should be compared with the mentioned limit level and if the value of this limit level is exceeded or equal to it, the corresponding drill should be excluded from the number of drills electrical signals for which are used in determining the type of said dependence of the estimated amount of work. Such a comparison operation can, of course, be carried out electronically by the computer 16 itself, which will use for this purpose an electric signal of the limit level corresponding to the value of the aforementioned limit level.

 When determining this limit level, it turns out to be advisable to focus on the results of the drill productivity analysis. Since the volume of work performed is functionally dependent on the wear indicator of the drill, and productivity is nothing more than the volume of work performed per unit of time, this productivity is functionally related (and therefore can be considered as its characteristic) with the wear rate.

Since productivity is determined by the ratio of the form
P = F _b D / t (6)
= F _b R, (6a)
where t = time
R = penetration rate
we can also conclude that there is a fundamental relationship between the speed of penetration of the drill and the magnitude of its productivity.

 For the case of wear of the rotating parts of the mechanisms resulting from the effects of abrasion and adhesion, the corresponding research data were obtained (and published) that indicate the presence of a directly proportional dependence of the wear rate on productivity up to a certain critical performance level, above which the wear rate is sharply increases and assumes the character of rapid or catastrophic wear. It should also be noted that the wear indicators for rotating parts of mechanisms, as it turned out, are inversely proportional to the strength index of the less durable material of these parts. The drilling process is fundamentally different from the process of rotating pre-lubricated parts of the mechanisms, primarily in that the force generated is always proportional to the strength of the less durable material.

In FIG. Figure 7 shows the graphical dependences, which illustrates the relationship between the wear rate of a drill of a particular design and the productivity of the latter for rock with large and small values of compressive strength, using curves ₅ and _6, respectively. It is easy to see that in any of the cases illustrated, the wear rate increases linearly with an increase in productivity to some corresponding critical point p _H or p _L , after which the increase in wear rate already occurs exponentially. Such rapid wear is associated with an increase in friction forces, working temperature, as well as with an increase in the intensity of vibrations (pulsed load). Catastrophic wear is observed at the end, e _H and e _L , of the curves under stable conditions or may occur between points p _H and e _H (or between points p _L and e _L ) under conditions of a sharp increase in load associated with an increase in the intensity of vibrations. The use of a drill in conditions of high performance indicators, beyond the critical points p _H , p _L , leads to its rapid wear, while the wear rate changes in a disproportionate manner depending on productivity, resulting in a significantly increased risk associated with catastrophic wear and failure of the drill. The performance limitation curve with ₇ can be determined empirically by smoothly connecting many critical points corresponding to different values of the compressive strength of rocks. It should be noted that the position of this performance limitation curve also depends on the quality of execution (metallurgical) of the cutting edge (or teeth) of the drill and on the quality of diamonds used for the manufacture of the cutting edge of the drill, however, from a practical point of view, the influence of these factors is negligible .

Curve c ₇ is designed to determine the ultimate performance indicators that allow you to avoid the operation of the drill in the conditions of their rapid wear.

 After determining, as a result of the above actions, the maximum productivity level for the case of specific rock strength values, it can be calculated by extrapolation, for example, by simply dividing the productivity value by the penetration rate, the corresponding maximum limit level for the force generated by the drill.

 Alternatively, the actual performance of the drill could be compared directly to the aforementioned marginal productivity level.

Of course, all the operations mentioned above, including generating electrical signals corresponding to curves ₅ , _6, and ₇ , generating by extrapolating an electrical signal corresponding in magnitude to the maximum limiting force, and comparing with the limiting value of the electric signal, can be implemented electronically by ourselves computer 16 after all electrical signals corresponding to the specific accumulated data are sequentially inputted.

 Other factors can also influence the intensity of vibrations, which can also be taken into account in the calculations, which is envisaged in accordance with preferred embodiments of the present invention. Such additional factors include: the magnitude of the ratio of the load on the drill to its rotation speed, the geometric dimensions and rigidity of the drill string, the geometric dimensions of the well itself, as well as the mass of the well structure located below the zero point of the drill string.

 The method of generating an electric signal of maximum force can be the same as the method described above, which was used to generate electric signals of real effort in the range of which there were no problems with increased vibration intensity, i.e. based on the use of electronic models of relations (2), (3) or (4) + (5), with the only exception that for each variable, for example, for the variable w, the maximum or amplitude value of this variable for a particular interval will be used (exception is the variable R, for which its minimum value on the interval will be used).

 The dependence of the estimated scope of work can also be used with the involvement of information regarding indicators of abrasion, as illustrated by block 48 in FIG. 1. Abrasion rates can in turn be used, as will be shown in more detail below, for the purpose of improving some other features of the present invention.

 As regards the possibility of using abrasion indicators, additional accumulated data should be available for this purpose, in particular, data on abrasion indicators 50 obtained for an additional well (or well) 52 that has been drilled in a rock layer with characteristic abrasion indicators, for example, such as a “hard layer” rock "54, as well as data on drill 56, which was used for drilling on the interval, including a similar layer of hard rock 54.

 It should be noted that in this case, the statement that part of the geological formation is “abrasive” or “abrasive” in nature means that this rock has relatively high abrasion indicators, as, for example, in the case of quartz or sandstone, considered in comparison with shale rock. Naturally, the indicators of abrasion of a rock depend on the configuration of the surface of the rock, as well as on the strength of this rock. The configuration factor does not have to be directly determined by the granularity of the rock, but is most likely determined by the angularity or “sharpness” of the grains.

 Turning again to FIG. 1: data regarding attrition rates 50 includes data 58 obtained for well 52 and similar to data 14, i.e. the parameters of the well that are necessary to determine the scope of work, as well as the results of monitoring wear indicators 60 for drill 56. In addition to this, data on abrasion indicators include information on the volume 62 of rock 54 resulting from drilling using drill 56. This volume can be determined by a known method, by analyzing sections of the well 62, as shown schematically using block 64.

As for the other features of the present invention, the data is converted into corresponding electrical signals that are input to the computer 16, as shown by line 66. The computer 16 discretizes the attrition indicators by processing the corresponding electrical signals to create an electronic model that allows you to solve an equation of the form:
λ = (Ω _rated - Ω _b ) / V _abr , (7)
where λ = abrasion index,
Ω _b = the actual amount of work performed by the drill (corresponding to the wear indicator of drill 56),
Ω _rated = estimated workload (for the same depreciation rate)
V _abr = rock volume resulting from drilling.

 Suppose, for example, that a drill has completed work in the amount of 1,000 ton-miles and has been recovered with a depreciation rate of 50 percent after the formation of a rock volume corresponding to 200 cubic feet as a result of drilling. Assume also that the previously determined dependence of the estimated workload for this particular drill indicates the fact that the depreciation rate should correspond to only 40 percent, provided that the work performed is 1,000 tons-miles and 50 percent, provided the work done is 1,200 tons-miles , as also follows from the graphical dependence of FIG. 3. In other words, an additional 10 percent depreciation corresponds to an additional workload of 200 ton-miles. At the same time, the attrition rate is quantitatively determined in the form of a reduction in the drill service life: 200 ton-miles per 200 cubic feet of rock formed as a result of drilling, or 1 (ton mile / cubic foot). This unit of measure in terms of dimension turns out to be equivalent to that unit of measure that was used in the course of laboratory studies of abrasion indicators. The percentage of volumetric content of abrasive rock can be determined by analysis of well sections, which allow quantitatively determine, lithologically, the content of various components of the rock. The volume of abrasive rock resulting from the drilling process can be determined by multiplying the total volume of rock produced by drilling by the percentage of abrasive rock. Alternatively, lithological data may be obtained by direct measurements for sections of the well 52 using drilling methods, as illustrated in FIG. 1 block 64.

 The dependence of the estimated volume of work 38 and, if necessary, the abrasion indicators 48 can be further used to create a mathematical (electronic) model of wear of the drill 68, which has the same dimensions and design as the drill 10, 28, 30 and 56, and is used directly for drilling purposes in the well 70. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the span of a well 70 drilled using auger 68 starts from the surface, passes a hard rock 54 and extends below that layer.

 Through the use of measurement results during drilling, as well as other known technologies for well 70, data 72 can be determined on a current basis based on data type 14. Since these data are based on current measurements, they will be referred to herein as “data in real time. " This real-time data is converted into the corresponding electrical signals, which are input to the computer 16, as shown by line 74. Using the same procedure that was previously described in connection with the conversion of the accumulated data, i.e. the procedure indicated by block 34, the computer can generate the electrical signals of the real effort of the interval and the corresponding electrical signals of the interval of the interval for each interval traveled by drilling 68. Moreover, the computer can process the electrical signals of the real effort of the interval and the electrical signals of the intervals gap for drill 68 in order to generate the corresponding electrical signal of the actual amount of work interval for each interval traveled during drilling auger 68, and periodically to implement an operation of integration with respect to these electrical incremental actual work signal interval. As a result of this, in turn, an electric signal of the current volume of work can be generated, corresponding to the amount of work currently performed by the brown 68. After that, based on the use of electric signals corresponding to the dependence of the estimated volume of work 38, the computer can periodically convert the electric a signal of the current scope of work into an electrical signal of current wear, which corresponds to the wear indicator of the drill used, i.e. borax 68.

 Such fundamental actions should be carried out even in cases where it was believed that drill 68 did not actually pass through a layer of hard rock 54 or other abrasive rocks similar to it. It turns out that it is preferable when the electric signal reaches the current wear of a predetermined limit level corresponding to a value that does not exceed the estimated amount of work for a specific drill having a certain size and design to output this drill, i.e. in this case, drill 68, out of operation.

 Since the well 70 is located adjacent to the well 52, it is logical to assume that the drill 68 passes through the hard rock 54, while the electrical abrasion signal generated by block 48 is processed by a computer in order to amend the current wear signal generated by block 74, as was illustrated in the framework of the above example, when it was envisaged to take into account the influence of attrition rates.

 It should also be noted that, in this case, it can also be very useful to control the intensity of excessive vibrations occurring for the used drill 68. When registering such kind of excessive vibrations for each interval at which such excessive vibrations take place, it should be formed, as noted above corresponding electrical signal of maximum effort. In this case, again, as before, for each of the mentioned intervals, a limit level must be set corresponding to the maximum allowable force generated by the drill under conditions of certain rock strength indicators, and an appropriate electrical signal is formed on this basis. In this case, the computer 16 can electronically compare each similar electric signal of maximum effort with the corresponding electric signal of the maximum level in order to analyze possible excess wear that exceeds the amount of wear corresponding to the electric signal of current wear. As a result, information appears to carry out actions aimed at improving the situation. So, for example, actions can be taken to reduce the level of operating power, for example, by changing the load on the drill and / or its rotation speed.

 In all cases considered, the electrical signal of current wear is preferably output in a form convenient for its visual perception, as shown by line 76.

 As shown above, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, real-time mathematical modeling is provided for the current wear of the drill used, which is at least partially based on data obtained during said drilling operation. However, as will become clear from the following discussion, in less preferred embodiments of the present invention, indicators such as the amount of work 54, the dependence of the estimated amount of work 66 and / or indicators of abrasion 68, determined in accordance with various features of the present invention, can also prove to be very useful, at least in determining the point in time at which the drill should be decommissioned, the latter, regardless of the changes in the state parameters and conditions during drilling, for example, indicators such as load on the drill, rotation speed of the drill, etc., as well as changes in other influencing factors. A similar conclusion, as this will become more obvious from the subsequent presentation, remains valid with respect to the efficiency or the performance indicator 78, which, as will become more clear again from the subsequent presentation, can be very successfully used in creating the wear model 74.

 In addition to using the estimated workload 38 to determine the dependence of the estimated workload 38, the electrical workload signals generated by block 34 can also be used to calculate the mechanical efficiency, or performance indicator, of the drill 10 with a given design and size, as illustrated by block 78.

In particular, for each interval of the well, for example, at the interval between points I and T, passed by the drill 10 during drilling, a corresponding electrical signal of the minimum interval force is generated. Computer 16 can perform this operation by processing the corresponding electrical signals to create an electronic model that solves an equation of the form
F _min = σ _j A _b , (8)
where F _min = the minimum force required during the passage of the interval during drilling,
σ _j = index of compressive strength of the rock in the corresponding interval,
A _b = total cross-sectional area of the drill.

The aforementioned index of compressive strength of rock, which counteracts the full force created by the drill, can be determined from a ratio of the form:
σ _j = f _t σ _jt + f _a σ _ja + f _l σ _jl (9)
and
1 = f _t + f _a + f ₁ , (10)
where σ _j = an indicator of the real strength of said rock, counteracting the full force created by the drill,
f _t = torque component of the total force generated by the drill (applied force),
σ _jt = an indicator of the real strength of said rock, counteracting the torsional force created by the drill,
f _a = axial component of the total force generated by the drill (applied force),
σ _ja = real strength index of said rock, counteracting the axial force generated by the drill,
f ₁ = lateral component of the total force generated by the drill (reaction force, which is usually characterized by a zero average value and is negligible in size when using stabilizers in the bottom of the well, BHA),
σ _jl = indicator of the real strength of said rock, counteracting the lateral force of the drill.

Since, within the framework of the total force created by the drill, the torsional component is dominant (with the f _t value being almost equal to 10), the real strength indicator of the said rock is almost the same as the rock strength that counteracts the torsional force created by the drill, i.e. in fact, σ _j = σ _jt .
The electrical signals of the minimum effort in the interval correspond in magnitude to the minimum efforts necessary, from a theoretical point of view, for the rock to pass through each specific interval, i.e. in conditions of using a hypothetical drill with an ideal efficiency or an ideal indicator of efficiency.

 Further, these electrical signals of minimum effort in the interval and the corresponding electrical signals in the interval are processed for the formation for each interval, using the same procedure as described above in connection with the description of the functions of unit 34, the corresponding electric signal of the minimum amount of work.

 And finally, at the final stage, the electrical signals of the actual workload in the interval and the electrical signals of the minimum workload in the interval are jointly processed to generate for each interval on the interval I-T (or on any other interval of the well, divided into intervals) a corresponding electrical signal real interval efficiency. This last step can be realized by simply processing the mentioned electrical signals in order to create an electronic model for determining, for each corresponding interval, the ratio of the electric signal of the minimum amount of work to the electric signal of the real amount of work.

 When performing this procedure, as well as when performing many different components of this procedure described in the present description, certain operations can be performed using computer 16. So, for example, within the framework of the last considered example, the computer can provide processing, starting from those information signals that mentioned in connection with their use for generating electrical signals of effort - then for generating electrical signals of the scope of work - and then for generating electrical signals efficiency of using the drill, while any such "shortened" processing procedure should be considered equivalent to a procedure that includes many of the above actions, designed to explain and disclose in detail, which is also intended to contribute to the following claims, the essence of the invention, an illustrative example of which was given above.

Следует отметить, однако, что несмотря на тот факт, что уравнение (11) является полным и точным, оно содержит определенную долю избыточности, что связано с возможностью отбрасывания тех входящих в него переменных, которыми можно пренебречь с практической точки зрения. В результате процедура расчета может быть заметно упрощена посредством отбрасывания переменной, связанной с эффективностью использования создаваемого бокового усилия, посредством чего соотношение (11) преобразуется к виду:
E_b = (σ_jtf_t+σ_jaf_a)A_b(2πT/d_c+F_j+W) (12)
или в результате отбрасывания переменной, связанной с эффективностью использования осевого усилия, и других пренебрежимо малых по величине переменных, к еще более простому соотношению вида:
E_b = σ_jt(d_c/T)(A_b/2π). (13)
Другие соотношения, эквивалентные (11), включают соотношение вида:
E_b = A_b(σ_jtf $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{t}}$ /F_t+σ_jaf $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{a}}$ /F_a+σ_jlf $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{l}}$ /F_l), (14)
При этом электрические сигналы эффективности могут выводиться в удобной для визуального восприятия форме, как это показано линией 80.From a practical point of view, computer 16 can generate each electrical signal of a real interval efficiency by processing the other electrical signals already mentioned in the description for the purpose of creating an electronic model that allows solving the following equation:

It should be noted, however, that despite the fact that equation (11) is complete and accurate, it contains a certain amount of redundancy, which is associated with the possibility of discarding those variables that can be neglected from a practical point of view. As a result, the calculation procedure can be significantly simplified by discarding the variable associated with the efficiency of using the generated lateral force, whereby relation (11) is transformed to:
E _b = (σ _jt f _t + σ _ja f _a ) A _b (2πT / d _c + F _j + W) (12)
or as a result of discarding a variable associated with the efficiency of using axial force and other negligible variables in magnitude, to an even simpler ratio of the form:
E _b = σ _jt (d _c / T) (A _b / 2π). (thirteen)
Other ratios equivalent to (11) include a ratio of the form:
E _b = A _b (σ _jt f $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{t}}$ / F _t + σ _ja f $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{a}}$ / F _a + σ _jl f $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{l}}$ / F _l ), (14)
In this case, electrical efficiency signals can be output in a form convenient for visual perception, as shown by line 80.

 As shown by line 82, a model for determining performance indicators can also be used for real-time mathematical modeling of drill wear (as illustrated by block 74). In particular, the electrical signals of the actual or actual volume of work for the corresponding intervals traveled by the drill can be processed together with the electric signals of the minimum volume of work of the interval obtained for the control well 52, with the aim of generating for each similar interval of the interval of the well 70 the corresponding electrical signal of the effectiveness of the interval , in real time, while the signal processing procedure is completely similar to that described above. It is not difficult for those skilled in the art to understand that electrical signals of a minimal amount of work (just like in the case of a number of sets of other types of electrical signals mentioned above) could be processed based on data received from well 70 in real time instead of order (or in addition to) to be processed based on data received only from the control well 52.

 These real-time interval electrical efficiency signals are preferably compared electronically using a computer 16 with the corresponding "real" interval efficiency electrical signals generated using data from previous bores and boreholes. If the two mentioned sets of electrical efficiency signals show serious discrepancies for a large number of intervals, you can use a special discrepancy indicator to identify the fact that the discrepancies are, on the one hand, a consequence of problems with the drilling process itself, for example, with catastrophic failures of the drill or with clumping effects , or they are, on the other hand, a consequence of increased rates of abrasion of the rock. Such an approach can be very useful, for example, in determining whether the drill 68 actually passes through the hard rock layer 54 and / or whether the drill 68 passes through any additional hard rock layers. So, in particular, if this divergence indicator turns out to be too large, for example, with a rather sharp increase in this indicator, we can conclude that there are certain problems associated with the drilling process. On the other hand, if the value of the divergence index increases slowly, it can be confidently stated that the reason is associated with an increase in the rate of abrasion of the rock.

 A decrease in penetration rate (in the absence of any changes in productivity or rock strength) indicates the occurrence of discrepancies in evaluating performance indicators. Therefore, it seems very convenient to control the penetration depth during drilling 68 and, on the basis of the analysis of indicators to reduce the penetration rate, initiate or cancel the procedure for comparing real-time electrical efficiency signals and real-life electrical signals.

The efficiency or corresponding performance indicator 78 can also be used for other purposes, as illustrated in graphical form in FIG. 4 and 5. First, refer to FIG. 4, which shows a plurality of electrical signals of compressive strength, which can also be generated to achieve the objectives of the present invention and which correspond to various values of the compressive strength of the rock that the boer actually encounters. For each of these electrical signals of compressive strength, a correlation is subsequently established with one of the electrical signals of the real efficiency of the interval, corresponding to the real indicator of the efficiency of use of the drill in the interval, characterized by the corresponding value of the rock strength index. These correlated signals are graphically shown in FIG. 4 points s ₁ -s ₅ . By processing these electrical signals, computer 16 can perform an extrapolation operation to form a set of electrical signals that form a continuous dependence of the form “efficiency / strength”, graphically interpreted as a curve with ₃ , for the case of a specific drill having a certain size and design. For extrapolation purposes, a smooth and continuous function with ₃ should be used, so it may happen that this curve with ₃ will not exactly pass through each point with which it was extrapolated, i.e. said set of electrical signals will not contain elements that exactly correspond to each pair of correlated electrical signals s ₁ -s ₅ .

Based on the application of well-known engineering approaches, it is possible to determine a value of the rock strength index (graphically interpreted by the line L ₁ ), beyond which a drill of a given design simply cannot be used for drilling purposes, i.e. will not be able to efficiently perform drilling operations and / or will exhibit a failure in operation. Function c ₃ determined by extrapolation for correlated electrical signals may not extend beyond point L ₁ . In addition, it can be very useful, again based on the use of well-known engineering approaches, to determine the second limit level, or the electrical cut-off signal, graphically illustrated by the L ₂ line and corresponding to an acceptable, from an economic point of view, limit level, i.e. such a limit level for the compressive strength index, beyond which it becomes simply economically unprofitable to drill, for example, due to the fact that the wear indicators will noticeably prevail over the indicators actually performed during drilling. Turning now to FIG. 5; computer 16 may also implement an extrapolation operation with respect to the electrical signals of the actual interval efficiency and one set of electrical signals graphically interpreted by curve ₃ to form another set of electrical signals graphically interpreted in FIG. 5 of the curve with ₄ and characterizing the continuous dependence taking place between the resulting amount of work performed by the drill and a decrease in the efficiency indicator associated with wear under conditions of a certain indicator of the strength of the rock passed by the drill. This procedure can also be implemented based on accumulated data. The end point p _max , corresponding to the maximum amount of work that can be performed before the drill is completely worn out, plays in this case the same role as the same point shown in FIG. 2. It should be noted that in practice other curves of type c ₄ can be calculated, corresponding to other indicators of rock strength and the range shown in FIG. 4.

Turning again to FIG. 1: computer 16 can also process electrical signals, which will be described in more detail below, with the aim of generating an electrical signal proportional to the penetration rate, which is given below in the form of the abbreviation "ROP" and generally indicated by line 81. As already noted above, There is a fundamental relationship between penetration rate and productivity. This relationship, for a particular case, is given by a relationship of the form:
R = P _lim E _b / σ _j A _b . (fifteen)
As will become more clear in the course of the subsequent presentation, all the variables in relation (15), according to which it is proposed to calculate the penetration rate R, are known and, moreover, have already been converted to the corresponding electrical signals input to computer 16. Therefore, computer 16 can calculate the penetration rate by processing these electrical signals in order to create an electronic model for solving equation (15).

 Since special tools have already been developed to control the penetration rate during drilling, the most likely direction for using this approach in practice is to formulate a forecast regarding the penetration rate. Such a predicted value of the speed can be further compared with the actual measured value of the penetration rate (during drilling), and the presence of significant discrepancies as a result of such a comparison will indicate the presence of certain problems associated with the drilling process and the need for appropriate measures.

 A very interesting option from a practical point of view of sharing the estimated workload 38, performance indicator 78 and ROP 81 is to determine whether a drill of a given design can be used to drill over long sections of a well under conditions of passing certain sections of the geological formation, and , in the case of a positive answer to this question, in determining the dimensions of the said interval of the well and / or drilling speed. A similar approach can be extended to the analysis procedure of the possibility of using bores of various designs for the aforementioned purposes, and after identifying drill structures that can solve the problem, it is possible to identify one or more bores of a given design that enables the formation of the said interval of the well by drilling, and sound scientific choice (block 42) of a specific drill in accordance with the criterion of minimum cost per unit for us borehole formed in concrete rock. Part of the electronic signal processing procedure required to determine whether or not (or if so, over what interval) a particular drill is used for drilling purposes in a particular geological formation can be implemented using a drill selection block 42, such as this is shown in FIG. 1. The fact that this procedure uses the dependence of the estimated workload 38, performance indicator 78 and ROP 81 is illustrated by lines 44, 83 and 82, respectively. The fact that electrical signals are generated as a result of this procedure is illustrated by line 46.

 Referring to FIG. 6, the diagram is a diagram of decisions related to those procedures that are implemented by computer 16 in block 42, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of this feature of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the borehole gap of interest is indicated by the letter H and, due to its proximity to boreholes 52 and 70, is thought to pass through the rock 54.

First, as illustrated by block 90, the maximum value of the compressive strength index realized for the borehole interval of interest H is compared with an acceptable limit level, preferably with a value corresponding to line L ₂ in FIG. 4 to determine the grade for a drill with a first type of structure. It should be noted that computer 16 can provide this operation by simply comparing the corresponding electrical signals. If the rock strength index at the well span H exceeds a predetermined limit level, the drill of said structure is simply excluded from consideration. In the alternative case, this drill gets the status “OK” and proceeds to block 92. In this case, the specified interval of the well H is divided into a very large number of small intervals, and the corresponding electrical signals are entered into the computer 16. For the purposes of this presentation, the first review will be conducted using only two such intervals. By implementing the procedure described above in connection with that shown in FIG. 1 by block 78, an electrical efficiency signal can be selected that characterizes the efficiency of using a new drill of the first type under conditions of a specific value of the rock strength indicator in a new interval of the interval H, which, within the framework of this consideration, will correspond to the second of the above two intervals.

 Preferably, computer 16 is already programmed at this point in such a way that said intervals on well spacing H, presumably passing through rock 54, are uniquely identifiable. During the procedure, schematically illustrated by block 94, the computer determines whether or not a new interval is associated, the second interval in this consideration, with the presence of abrasive drill rock. Since the second interval will be located close enough to the surface or the upper end of the well span H, the answer for this passage will be no.

 The procedure involves a direct transition to block 98. If the current pass corresponds to the first pass of the cycle, for the previous intervals there will still be no value corresponding to the resulting amount of work performed by the drill. If in the alternative case, the first pass was carried out for only one interval, for this first interval a certain value may take place corresponding to the amount of work performed, and in block 98, the correction of the electrical signal of efficiency can be made, associated with a decrease in the efficiency of use of the drill, which is a consequence of this previously performed work using electrical signals schematically shown in FIG. 5. Nevertheless, even in this latter case, due to the small size of the intervals, a decrease in efficiency and a decrease in the amount of work for the first interval will be negligibly small, and therefore almost no corrections will be required.

 As illustrated by block 99, the computer will subsequently jointly process the electrical signal of the maximum level of productivity, the electrical signal of efficiency, the electrical signal of real rock strength and the electric signal of the drill cross-sectional area in order to simulate the penetration rate for the first two intervals (provided that it occurs for the very first pass of the cycle) or for the second interval (provided that the first pass was carried out only using Hovhan first interval). In any of the cases considered, each electrical signal of the ROP interval can be stored and stored. Alternatively, each of the electrical signals of the ROP interval can be converted with the formation of the corresponding electrical time signal characterizing the time period required for the drill to pass a specific interval, and these electrical time signals will be stored and stored in the future. It should be noted that this action does not have to be performed immediately after the actions of block 98, but can, for example, be performed between the actions of blocks 102 and 104, as will be explained in more detail below.

 Further, as illustrated by block 100, the computer will provide processing of electrical efficiency signals for the first two intervals (or for the second interval, if the processing for the first interval was carried out as part of an earlier pass) in order to generate the corresponding electrical signals for predicting the scope of work of the interval corresponding to the amount of work that would be performed by the drill during drilling at the appropriate interval. This action can be implemented essentially by performing the reverse procedure to that used to go from block 34 to block 78 in FIG. 1.

 As illustrated by block 102, the computer further performs an integration operation with respect to the electrical signals of the predicted workload in the interval for these two first intervals of the formation of the electrical signal of the resulting predicted workload.

As illustrated by block 104, the electrical signals corresponding to the lengths of the first two intervals also undergo an integration or summation operation and are compared electronically with the length of the interval of the well N. For the first two intervals, this total value will naturally be less than the length of the interval of the well H, so the procedure will be initiate the transition to block 106. In this case, the computer will also electronically compare the electric signal of the resulting workload generated in block 102 with the electric signal corresponding to the estimated scope of work, i.e. with the amount of work for the point p _max (see Fig. 2), previously defined in block 38 of FIG. 1. For the first two intervals, the resulting workload will be negligible and, of course, will not exceed the estimated workload. Therefore, as shown by line 109, the procedure will remain within the main cycle and initiate a return to block 92, where another electrical efficiency signal will be generated, based on data on rock strength in the next, i.e., third, interval. The third interval is unlikely to pass through the rock 54, therefore, the procedure will again initiate a direct transition from block 94 to block 98. In this case, the computer will correct the electrical signal of efficiency for the third interval based on the analysis previously determined in the previous cycle passage in the block 102 electrical signal of the resulting workload, i.e. will correct the amount of work that would be done if the drill normally went through the first two intervals during drilling. The procedure further provides for the implementation of the same actions as before.

 For those later realized intervals, which nevertheless pass through the hard rock layer 54, the computer program 16 will carry out, at a point in the decision diagram schematically indicated as block 94, the abrasion index correction based on electrical signals corresponding to the data obtained as this has been described in detail above in connection with block 48 of FIG. 1, and only after this will initiate the transition to the block correction 98.

 If for any point of the interval H that part of the procedure that corresponds to block 106 will reveal the appearance of an electric signal of the resulting work volume, which is no less than the electric signal of the estimated work volume, this will mean that more than one drill is required to pass the well gap H of the same design. At this point, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention and in accordance with the actions illustrated in block 107, the stored ROP electrical signals will be averaged and further processed to generate an electrical signal corresponding to the time period required for the first drill to pass through the process of drilling the distance to the point. (If the electrical signals of the ROP interval by this time had already been converted into electrical signals of the interval time, then, of course, the electrical signals of the interval time would simply be added up.) In any case, we can now assume that the procedure has passed to the analysis of the next drill of the above construction, so which, as illustrated by block 108, the electrical signal of the resulting workload will again go to zero before returning to block 92 as part of the cycle.

At the same time, the use of the first drill of the first structure or any other drill of the same first structure will ultimately result in the fact that in block 104 the fact of exceeding, or matching, the total length of the intervals of the length of the gap of the well will be recorded H, i.e. the fact that the drill or a combination of drills hypothetically ensured drilling in the entire interval of interest. In this case, the computer program 16 will provide the necessary indication of this fact and will initiate the transition of the procedure to block 110, which schematically indicates the operation of generating an electrical signal corresponding to the remaining life of the last drill of the above-mentioned design. This electrical signal can be generated based on a plurality of electrical signals, schematically interpreted as a curve with ₂ in FIG. 2.

 Further, as illustrated by block 111, the computer performs the same operations that were described in detail in connection with block 107, i.e. generates an electrical signal corresponding to the time period of drilling for the last drill in a given set of drills (the above structure).

 After that, as illustrated by block 112, the operator will determine whether the estimates for the various drill designs have been fully generated. Until now, it was only a drill of one, first construction. Therefore, at this stage, the operator can go on to analyze the capabilities of the second design drills, as illustrated by block 114. In this case, not only will the resultant amount of work be reset to zero for the electric signal, as is the case with block 108, but input will also be made new electrical signals corresponding to such, generally different in magnitude, indicators such as performance indicators, the dependence of the estimated amount of work, indicators of abrasion, etc., for a drill of the second design, nnyh replace the corresponding electrical signals for Boers first structure and intended for use in a subsequent performance of the procedure. As illustrated by block 115, the procedure for determining the estimate for the drill of the second design will initiate the transition to the main cycle only if the limit value of the compressive strength characteristic of the drill of the second design is not lower than the rock strength characteristic of the well span N.

 At a certain point in time within block 112, the operator will decide that the necessary estimates have been determined for all types of drill designs. Next, the procedure will initiate the transition in block 116, i.e. the transition to the operation of selecting a specific drill in accordance with the criterion of ensuring minimum costs per foot passed during the drilling period of the well H. It should be noted that such a criterion does not mean choosing the drill that will allow passage to the greatest depth before it is replaced . So, for example, you may need to make a reasonable choice between a drill that allows you to go through the entire interval of well H during drilling, but which is very expensive, as well as a drill of a different design, when you need to use two similar drills to go through the said interval of well H, but when the total cost of these two drills is significantly lower than the cost of one drill of the first design. In this case, a drill of the second design would be preferable.

 In situations where there is confidence that the attrition rates at different intervals can vary markedly, a more complex analysis procedure can be used. So, for example, in practice, at least three drills of one design may be required to travel the distance to the hard rock layer 54, two or more more expensive drills of another design may be required to travel this hard rock layer 54, and to complete drilling below the layer hard rock 54 may require the use of a third design drill.

 Various properties and features of the present invention have been described above that can be used together to create a full-blown system. Nevertheless, in some cases, various individual features and properties of the present invention, as a rule, represented by various blocks of the computer 16 in FIG. 1, can be very successfully used in the absence of the need to use its other features and properties. Moreover, for each of these mentioned features and properties of the present invention, various modifications and simplifications can be provided, in particular for use within less preferred embodiments of the present invention.

 Thus, it is believed that the scope of the present invention is limited only by the following claims.

Claims (47)

 1. A method for analyzing the productivity of a drill of a given size and design when drilling rock, including the stage of formation by drilling a well using a drill, starting from the starting point and ending with the end point, determining the distance between the starting and ending points, dividing the distance into a certain number of interval intervals, the formation of many electrical signals of real effort in the interval, each of which corresponds to the amount of force created by the drill in the corresponding interval in the interval between the starting and ending points, the formation of a plurality of electrical signals in the interval interval, each of which corresponds to the length of the interval for the corresponding one of the mentioned electrical signals of real effort in the interval, and joint processing of electric signals of real effort in the interval and electric signals in the interval of the interval for determining the value corresponding to the total amount of work performed by the drill during drilling in the interval from the start point to the end point .  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the joint processing of electrical signals of real effort in the interval and electrical signals in the interval of the interval for generating an electrical signal of the average weighted force corresponding to the average weighted value of the force generated by the drill in the gap between the source and end points , and multiplying the weighted average of the effort by the distance between the starting and ending points to determine the total amount of work.  3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the joint processing of electrical signals of real effort in the interval and electrical signals in the interval of the interval to generate the corresponding electrical signal of the real work volume in the interval for each of the intervals and the integration of electrical signals of the real work volume in the interval to generate an electrical signal of the total amount of work corresponding to the value of the total amount of work.  4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that they determine the functional dependence of the force / distance by joint processing of electrical signals of real effort in the interval and electrical signals in the interval of the gap and the integration of this functional dependence.  5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the vibrations of the drill lead to a change in the force generated by the drill in the interval, and each electrical signal of the real force in the interval corresponds to the average value of the force created by the drill in the corresponding interval.  6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that each electrical signal of the real force of the interval is formed by joint processing of electrical signals consisting respectively of an electric signal of the speed of rotation of the drill, an electric signal of the twisting force of the drill and an electric signal of the speed of penetration of the drill.  7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that each electric signal of real effort in the interval is also formed by joint processing of electric signals, consisting respectively of an electric signal of load on the drill and an electric signal of hydraulic shock.  8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that each electric signal of real effort in the interval is also formed by processing an electric signal corresponding to an electric signal of lateral force acting on the drill in the corresponding interval during drilling.  9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that each electrical signal of a real force in the interval is formed by joint processing of electrical signals, consisting respectively of an electrical signal generated by the drill torque force and an electrical signal of the penetration depth per one revolution of the drill.  10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that they determine the wear for the drills of the aforementioned size and structure, while forming by drilling a plurality of similar wells using the aforementioned drills and determining the corresponding total amount of work for each of the drills, and additionally carry out the following actions to generate the corresponding electrical signal of the full scope of work corresponding to the total scope of work for each of the aforementioned drills, extracting each of the drills, and h corresponding to the well after it reaches the corresponding end point, measuring the wear rate of each drill after it is extracted and generating the corresponding electrical wear signal, establishing a correlation between the electrical signal of the full workload and the electrical signal of wear for each drill and extrapolating the electrical signals of the full workload and electrical wear signals to form a sequence of electrical signals corresponding to a continuous dependence and rated work between the volume of work and wear of a drill of a predetermined size and construction.  11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that said sequence of electrical signals is converted into a visually recorded form.  12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the vibration of the drill leads to a change in the force generated by the drill in the interval, and each electrical signal of the real force in the interval corresponds to the average value of the force created by the drill in the corresponding interval.  13. The method according to p. 12, characterized in that they generate an electric signal of maximum force corresponding to the maximum value of the force generated by the drill at the appropriate interval, determine the limit level corresponding to the maximum allowable amount of force required to pass through the drilling of rock with an appropriate strength indicator on the appropriate interval, and compare the value corresponding to the electric signal of maximum effort, with a limit level to identify possible excessive wear of the drill.  14. The method according to item 13, characterized in that, provided that the value corresponding to the electric signal of maximum effort is exceeded or is equal to the limit level, the corresponding drill is excluded from the group of drills for which electrical signals are generated depending on the estimated amount of work.  15. The method according to p. 13, characterized in that they carry out the formation of an electric signal of the limit level corresponding to the limit level, and electronically compare the electric signal of the limit level with electric signals of maximum force.  16. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the dependence of the estimated amount of work, defined in the above manner, includes a correlation point of maximum wear / maximum amount of work.  17. The method according to clause 16, characterized in that they determine the possibility of forming, by drilling with the first drill with the aforementioned size and design, a predetermined gap in the geological formation and generate at least two electrical signals of drill utilization efficiency corresponding to the rock strength indicator on the corresponding successive spaced intervals of the mentioned interval of the well, the processing of electrical signals of the efficiency of the drill to form processing of electrical signals of the predicted amount of work in the interval corresponding to the volumes of work that would have been performed by the drill while passing through the corresponding intervals, processing of electrical signals of the predicted amount of work corresponding to the volumes of work that could have been performed by the drill during drilling at intervals, comparison the total length of the intervals with the length of the gap of the well, a comparison provided that the length of the gap of the well exceeds the total length of the intervals electrically of the resultant signal with the predicted amount of work an electrical signal corresponding to the magnitude of the amount of work to the point of maximum wear / the maximum amount of work.  18. The method according to 17, characterized in that the electric signal of the resulting predicted amount of work does not exceed an electric signal corresponding to the amount of work for the point of maximum wear / maximum amount of work, while at least one additional formation is additionally performed by the aforementioned method an electrical efficiency signal for a corresponding successively spaced interval, correction of said additional electrical efficiency signal with taking into account the decrease in efficiency due to the amount of work performed at the previous intervals, processing the above-mentioned method of correcting the additional electric signal of efficiency to generate the corresponding additional electric signal of the predicted amount of work in the interval, processing the above method of all electric signals of the predicted amount of work in the interval to form a new electric signal of the resulting predicted amount of work corresponding to the amount of work that the drill could perform during the passage through drilling of all intervals, comparing the total length of the intervals with the length of the gap of the well in the manner described above.  19. The method according to p. 18, characterized in that the length of the gap of the well exceeds the total length of the intervals, while additionally comparing the new electrical signal of the resulting predicted amount of work with the amount of work for the point of maximum wear / maximum amount of work.  20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that the electrical signal corresponding to the amount of work for the point of maximum wear / maximum amount of work exceeds a new electric signal of the resulting predicted amount of work, while additionally repeating the steps of p. 18.  21. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that the new electrical signal of the resulting predicted amount of work is greater than or equal to the electric signal corresponding to the amount of work for the point of maximum wear / maximum amount of work, while additionally repeating the steps of claim 17 for a new drill with the same size and design, but for a new interval, smaller than the initial interval of the well by the total length of the intervals covered by the first drill.  22. The method according to p. 18, characterized in that the total length of the intervals is greater than or equal to the length of the interval of the well, while additionally repeating the stages according to 17 for the first drill of another design.  23. The method according to p. 22, characterized in that the formation for each interval of the electrical signal corresponding to the penetration rate on this interval by joint processing of electrical signals consisting respectively of an electrical signal of the level of performance limitation for a specific indicator of the strength of the rock, an electrical signal of efficiency for a specific interval, an electrical signal of rock strength for a specific interval and an electrical signal pl area perpendicular to the cross section of the drill, and processing for each drill electric signals the penetration rate of the interval to generate an electrical signal corresponding to the drilling time for the drill.  24. The method according to p. 23, characterized in that they select from a set of drills of predetermined structures that enable drilling through a specific interval of a well to drill one drill of a predetermined structure that ensures minimal costs per foot of the length of the drilled passage.  25. The method according to item 22, wherein the joint processing of a new electrical signal of the resulting predicted amount of work and an electrical signal corresponding to the amount of work for the point of maximum wear / maximum amount of work, to generate an electrical signal corresponding to the remaining life of the drill.  26. The method according to p. 18, characterized in that before performing the steps of claim 17 for at least one control drill with a size and design similar to the size and design of the first drill, the steps of generating an electric signal of minimum effort in the interval corresponding to the minimum the effort theoretically required for the rock to pass through drilling at each of the mentioned intervals, the joint processing of electrical signals of minimum effort in the interval and electrical signals in the interval interval for the control drill for generating for the control drill the corresponding electric signal of the minimum amount of work for each of the mentioned intervals, the joint processing of the electric signals of real effort in the interval and the electrical signals in the interval interval for generating for the control drill the electric signal of the real amount of work in the interval for each from the mentioned intervals, joint processing of electrical signals of the real volume of work in the interval and electric x signals of the minimum amount of work in the interval for the formation of the corresponding electrical signal of real efficiency in the interval for each interval, the formation of many electrical signals of compressive strength for various indicators of compressive strength of the rock and the correlation of each electric signal of compressive strength with one of the electrical signals real efficiency in the interval corresponding to the indicator of the effectiveness of the use of the control drill in the interval , characterized by the corresponding index of compressive strength of the rock, and extrapolation of correlated electrical signals of compressive strength and electrical signals of real efficiency in the interval for the control drill for the formation of the first sequence of electrical signals corresponding to the continuous dependence of the efficiency / strength for the drill of a given size and design, and which provides for the use of the first set of electrical sys catch to determine the efficiency of use of electric signals bur formed above-mentioned method.  27. The method according to p. 26, characterized in that before performing the actions of p. 17 carry out the stages of determining the effectiveness / strength limit value of the compressive strength of the rock, above which the drill of a given design should not be used for drilling purposes, and comparing the limit value with the compressive strength of the rock at a given interval of the well, as well as performing the steps of claim 17 for the first drill only if the rock strength does not exceed given wellbore interval limit.  28. The method according to p. 26, characterized in that before performing the steps of p. 17, extrapolation of the electrical signals of real efficiency in the interval for the control drill and the first sequence of electrical signals with the formation of at least one more sequence of electrical signals corresponding to a continuous relationship between the resulting amount of work performed by the drill, and a decrease in efficiency due to wear and tear for one of the corresponding indicators of rock strength at a given mezhutke wells and the step of Claims 17 and 18 using a second sequence of electrical signals for correcting the above-mentioned method the electrical signals efficiency.  29. The method according to p. 17, characterized in that it further analyze the indicators of abrasion of the rock in the interval of the well and the subsequent correction of the electrical signals of the predicted amount of work in the interval to take into account the increased wear caused by the abrasive properties of the rock.  30. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that each of the wells is drilled in a rock with relatively low abrasion, and further determine the abrasion for rock passing along a given interval of another well using another similar drill, measuring the wear indicators of another drill after passing through the drilling of the mentioned interval of another well, determine the value corresponding to wear agent of another drill, and form the corresponding electrical signal of the estimated amount of work, determine the amount of abrasive rock formed by drilling on the said interval of another well, and generate the corresponding electrical signal of the volume of abrasive rock, form the electrical signal of the actual amount of work corresponding to the amount of work performed by another drill while passing through the said gap of another well and electrically processed together the first signal of the actual workload for another drill, the electric signal of the estimated workload for another drill, and the electric signal of the volume of abrasive rock to form an electrical signal of abrasion of the rock.  31. The method according to p. 30, characterized in that the volume of abrasive rock formed by drilling another well, is determined by processing electrical signals corresponding to the data of lithological measurements.  32. The method according to p, characterized in that the lithological measurement data is determined for sections of nearby wells.  33. The method according to p, characterized in that the data of lithological measurements is determined in another well by taking measurements during drilling.  34. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that they carry out mathematical modeling of wear for the drill used to drill the current well by generating the above-mentioned electrical signals of real gain in the interval and electrical signals in the interval of the interval for each interval traveled using the aforementioned used drill, joint processing of electrical signals of real effort in the interval and electrical signals in the interval interval for used drill for the corresponding electrical signal of the actual workload in the interval for each interval traveled with the aforementioned drill used, periodic integration of the electrical signals of the actual workload in the interval to generate an electrical signal of the current workload corresponding to the workload currently performed by the drill used, and periodic transformations by using the dependence of the estimated amount of work of the electric signal of the current amount of work in The electrical current wear signal indicative of the amount of wear index is used borax.  35. The method according to clause 34, characterized in that they carry out the decommissioning of the used drill when the electrical signal reaches the current wear of a predetermined limit level.  36. The method according to p. 34, characterized in that, provided that in the control interval of the control well located near the current well, rocks with high attrition rates carry out the stages of measuring the wear index of the control drill, determine the value corresponding to the calculated work volume wear of the control drill, and the formation of the corresponding electrical signal of the estimated scope of work, determining the amount of abrasive rock formed as a result of drilling the control interval, and generating the corresponding electrical signal of the volume of the abrading rock, generating the electric signal of the real work volume corresponding to the volume of work performed by the control drill, and jointly processing the electric signal of the real work volume for the control drill, the electric signal of the estimated work volume for the control drill and electric the volume signal of abrasive rock to form an electrical abrasion signal, as well as processing electrical abrasion signal to correct the current wear signal.  37. The method according to clause 34, wherein the vibrations of the used drill lead to a change in the drill force in the interval, while generating the corresponding electric signal of maximum force corresponding to the maximum force generated by the drill in the corresponding interval, determining the limit level corresponding to the maximum allowable the effort required to pass through the drilling of rock with an appropriate strength indicator, at an appropriate interval, a comparison of, with corresponding to the electric signal of maximum effort, with an appropriate limit level for the analysis of possible wear that exceeds the rate of wear corresponding to the electric signal of current wear.  38. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that they determine the mechanical efficiency of the drill.  39. The method according to clause 35, characterized in that the formation for each interval of the corresponding electrical signal of real efficiency in the interval corresponding to the efficiency of use of the drill under normal drilling conditions.  40. The method according to p. 39, characterized in that the formation of the corresponding electric signal of minimum effort in the interval corresponding to the minimum force theoretically required for passing through the rock formation in each of the mentioned intervals, the joint processing of electrical signals of minimum effort in the interval and electrical signals in the interval interval for the formation of the corresponding electrical signal of the minimum amount of work for each of these intervals, with joint processing of electrical signals of real effort in the interval and electrical signals in the interval of the gap to form the corresponding electrical signal of the real amount of work in the interval for each of the mentioned intervals and joint processing of electric signals of the real amount of work in the interval and electric signals of the minimum amount of work in the interval to form the corresponding electrical signal of real efficiency in the interval for each interval.  41. The method according to p. 40, characterized in that the formation is carried out for an additional well drilled through drilling using an additional similar drill, electrical signals in the interval interval in real time and electrical signals of effort in real time and joint processing by the above method these signals to form a sequence of electrical signals of the scope of work in the interval in real time, the joint processing of electrical signals of the scope of work t in the interval in real time and the corresponding electrical signals of the minimum amount of work in the interval for the formation of the corresponding electrical signal of efficiency in the interval in real time for each interval, a comparison of the electrical signals of efficiency in the interval in real time with the corresponding electric signals of real efficiency in the interval , the use of subject to differences in the magnitude of the electrical signals of efficiency in the interval in real the time scale and the actual efficiency electrical signals in the interval for a number of mentioned intervals of the discrepancy index to identify situations where such a discrepancy indicates a problem with the drilling process itself or an increase in rock abrasion.  42. The method according to p. 41, characterized in that they control the penetration rate during drilling and use the reduction in penetration rate as an indicator to initiate a comparison by the above method of electrical efficiency signals in the real-time interval and electric signals of real efficiency in the interval.  43. The method according to p. 40, characterized in that the formation of many electrical signals of compressive strength corresponding to various indicators of compressive strength of the rock, the establishment of a correlation between each electrical signal of compressive strength and one of the mentioned electrical signals of real efficiency in the interval corresponding to the real efficiency of use of the drill on the interval, characterized by the corresponding index of compressive strength of the rock, and extrapolation to correlated electrical signals of compressive strength and electrical signals of real efficiency in the interval for the formation of the first sequence of electrical signals corresponding to a continuous dependence of the efficiency / strength for the drill with a given size and design.  44. The method according to p. 43, characterized in that, using the aforementioned dependence efficiency / strength, the ultimate value of compressive strength is determined, beyond which a drill of a given design should not be used for drilling.  45. The method according to p. 43, characterized in that the extrapolation of the electrical signals of real efficiency in the interval and the first sequence of electrical signals with the formation of at least one additional sequence of electrical signals corresponding to a continuous relationship between the resulting amount of work performed by the drill, and a decrease in efficiency due to wear of the drill for one of the corresponding indicators of rock strength at a given interval.  46. The method according to p. 39, characterized in that the formation of an electrical signal of real efficiency through joint processing of electrical signals, consisting respectively of an electrical signal of the depth of passage for one full revolution of the drill, an electric signal of the axial contact area of the drill, an electric signal of load on the drill, electrical signal of torsional force, electric signal of a real indicator of rock strength, counteracting torsional force generated by the drill, electric a bark signal of a real indicator of rock strength, counteracting the axial force created by the drill, and an electric signal of the area of the full perpendicular drill cross section for all corresponding intervals.  47. The method according to p. 39, characterized in that they generate an electrical signal of real effort by jointly processing electrical signals, consisting respectively of an electrical signal of a real measure of rock strength, counteracting the torsional force generated by the drill, an electrical signal of the depth of passage for one full revolution drill, electric signal of torsional force and electric signal of the area of the full perpendicular cross section of the drill, for all intervals.

Images