RU209652U1 - HELICOPTER EXTERNAL SUSPENSION SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

The device relates to aviation technology, in particular to the equipment of helicopters used to transport cargo on an external sling over short distances when performing construction and installation and emergency repair work. The external suspension system of the helicopter contains the upper lock, transition links, swivel. An electromechanism for rotating the moving part is fixed on the fixed part of the swivel. The transmission of rotation is carried out by a friction pair made in the form of a coupled roller fixed on the output shaft of the electromechanism and a disk mounted on the movable part of the swivel. To control the electric mechanism, a cable is connected to it from the remote control located in the cab. A rope is connected to the rotating part of the swivel with a load holder pivotally attached at the lower point, made in the form of a hook. An additional weighted link is installed between the rope and the hook to reduce the vibration amplitude. A cantilever extension is fixed on the hook nose, and a spring-loaded two-arm latch is hinged above the mouth. One of the arms of the latch closes the mouth of the hook, and a control cable is attached to the other arm, mounted on the rope by means of clamps with guide bushings, which provide the possibility of translational movement of the cable along the rope. At the top of the control cable, a loop is formed to interact with the hook of the handle located in the cab and used to unhook the load by lifting the cable and turning the latch to open the mouth of the hook. At the lower end of the rope above the hook, a protective fence made in the form of a strong elastic sleeve can be installed. The external suspension system of the helicopter provides unmanned pickup and uncoupling of cargo in difficult and unsafe conditions for the ground crew, for example, during emergency recovery operations, when removing debris from metal structures after an emergency, etc. 6 w.p. f-ly, 5 ill.

Description

The proposed technical solution relates to aviation technology, namely to helicopter equipment designed to ensure the transportation of goods on an external sling, mainly over short distances, in particular when performing construction and installation and emergency repair work (CMR).

Known system of external suspension of the helicopter, containing the upper lock, swivel attached to it by means of transitional links of the rope, at the lower point of which is pivotally mounted load carrier, made in the form of a hook (Manual for the technical operation of the Mi-26 helicopter, book 6 "Airborne transport equipment" , section 132.50.00, "External load suspension system - description and operation", page 12, Fig. 4 - see, for example, at https://vk.com/wall-54588305_5339). A latch and a spring-loaded stop are hinged on the hook to lock the latch in the closed position. Before picking up the load, the slinger presses the spring-loaded stop and, having sunk it in the hook recess, unlocks the latch, turning which and opening the hook mouth, inserts the cargo sling into the hook. Then it closes the mouth of the hook by returning the latch to its original position and pressing it and, accordingly, the spring-loaded stop, locks the latch with the stop. This is how each load is lifted, because external sling load carriers are delivered by helicopter for hook-up in the closed position to prevent breakage in the event of their possible dragging along the ground. The uncoupling process also begins with pressing the stop, and after manually opening the latches, the cargo sling is removed from the hook mouth, after which the hook is closed in the reverse order and the command is given to take off the helicopter. The presence of a spring-loaded stop that locks the latch complicates the design of the hook and increases the number and time of manual operations when hooking and uncoupling the load.

Another external suspension system of a helicopter is known, containing an upper lock attached to it by means of transitional links of a rope, at the lower point of which a load carrier is mounted (AS USSR 509495, class B64D 1/22, 1973). The load holder is made in the form of a hook equipped with a spring-loaded latch that covers the mouth of the hook and prevents involuntary unhooking of the load. The absence of unnecessary parts (for example, a stop, as in the previous analogue) simplifies the hooking and unhooking of the load: just press the sling loop directly on the latch to open the pharynx and insert the loop into the hook - the spring-loaded latch will close the pharynx itself. The disadvantage of the known external suspension is the need for manual hooking and uncoupling of the load by the forces of the ground crew, which is not always possible, for example, when mounting a high-altitude load. In addition, the fingers of the releaser of the latch are in the danger zone and can be injured by a detachable barbed cargo sling.

The closest analogue of the proposed technical solution, i.e. The prototype is an external suspension system of a helicopter, containing an upper lock, attached to it by means of transitional links, a swivel and a rope, at the lower point of which a load carrier is mounted. The load holder is made in the form of a hook equipped with a spring-loaded two-arm latch that prevents involuntary uncoupling of the load (VSN 463-85 "Installation of structures using helicopters", M. 1986, Fig. 17a). The second shoulder of the latch provides a more convenient and safe uncoupling of the cargo sling, because manual opening of the latch is performed from the opposite side of the throat - in a safe area. However, due to the fact that the nose of the hook slightly extends beyond the hook dimension, it is necessary to unhook and unhook the load only by the forces of the ground crew, which is not always safe, for example, at a height or when picking up an emergency, damaged load, which, under the influence of a powerful air flow from the helicopter can be deformed (flow velocity can reach 40 m/s or more).

The objective of the proposed solution is to eliminate this drawback and achieve a new technical result, which consists in improving the safety of work due to the possibility of unmanned pickup and controlled unloading of cargo from a helicopter without the participation of a ground crew.

This technical result in the external suspension system of a helicopter, containing the upper lock, a swivel, including a fixed part attached by means of transitional links to the upper lock, and a movable part to which a rope is attached with a load holder attached at the lower point, made in the form of a hook, above the nose of which a spring-loaded two-arm latch is pivotally fixed, covering the mouth of the hook with one of the arms, it is achieved by the fact that a cantilever extension is fixed on the nose of the hook, and a cable for controlling the opening of the hook mouth is attached to the second arm of the latch, and a rotation drive of the movable part of the swivel with a rope is installed on the fixed part of the swivel and hook.

The hook mouth opening control cable is mounted on the rope by means of guides fixed on it between the hook and the swivel, with the possibility of translational movement, and the cable in the upper part near the swivel is provided with a loop for functional interfacing with the hook of the handle located in the helicopter cabin.

The rotation drive of the movable part of the swivel can be made in the form of an electric mechanism with an executive link, and an element is installed on the movable part of the swivel with the possibility of interacting with the executive link of the electromechanism.

The executive link of the electromechanism can be made in the form of a roller fixed on the output shaft, and the element mounted on the movable part of the swivel is made in the form of a disk, and the roller and disk are coupled with the possibility of forming a friction pair for transmitting rotational motion.

The power cable of the electromechanism is introduced into the cab, where the control panel is located.

An additional massive link can be installed between the end of the rope and the hook.

At the lower end of the rope above the hook, a protective fence made in the form of a strong elastic sleeve can be installed.

The drawings and photos show the proposed helicopter external suspension system for unmanned pickup and uncoupling of cargo:

in fig. 1 shows a general view of the helicopter external suspension system;

in fig. 2 - view of the modified standard swivel assembly;

in fig. 3 shows the use of an external suspension system when hooking up a previously prepared side loop on an emergency load - a chimney with large damages (burnouts), bent under the action of the wind;

in fig. 4 - transfer of the dismantled emergency pipe to the cargo area for disposal;

in fig. 5 - helicopter approach to install a new pipe (with a lightning rod) after hooking on the ground for an arched sling loop with an external suspension system hook (for installing the pipe, guide devices - catchers are preliminarily fixed at the junction).

The external suspension system of the helicopter 1 includes the upper lock 2, to which the swivel 3 is attached by means of transition links 4. On the fixed part of the standard swivel - the body 5, the electromechanism 7 is fixed with clamps 6, on the output shaft 8 of which the executive link 9 is fixed in the form of a roller with friction coating. On the movable part of the swivel 10, a disc 11 is fixed, which is in contact with the roller 9. As a result, a friction pair is formed, which makes it possible to transfer the rotation of the movable part 10 by means of the electromechanism 7 (Fig. 2). From the control panel located in the cab, a power cable 12 is connected to the electromechanism 7. A rope 15 is attached to the ear tip 14 of the movable part of the swivel, to the lower end of which an additional link 17 with a hinged hook 18 is attached to the lower end by means of a bolt 16. The additional link 17 is made massive for weighting the lower part of the rope 15 in order to reduce suspension vibrations. A cantilever extension 19 is fixed on the nose of the hook 18. A spring-loaded two-arm latch is pivotally mounted on the hook above the mouth, the shoulder 20 of which, under the action of the spring, closes the mouth of the hook 18, excluding involuntary unhooking of the cargo sling 21. A control cable 23 is attached to the shoulder 22 of the latch, which is connected by means of clamps 24 attached to the rope 15 in the area from the hook to the swivel. In the clamps 24 for the control cable 23 there are guide bushings made of anti-friction material, for example, bronze. These bushings provide reciprocating movement of the cable 23 along the rope 15. At the upper end of the cable 23, next to the swivel 3, a loop 25 is made, and in the cab, next to the central cargo hatch, a handle 26 with a hook is placed. A protective sleeve 27 is put on the lower part of the rope 15 with an additional link 17, made of a durable elastic material, for example, a reinforced rubber hose.

The external suspension system of the helicopter works as follows.

Before picking up the cargo, the ground crew prepares it for unmanned picking up by the external load of the helicopter. To do this, check the slinging units on the load: loops, eye bolts, etc. for compatibility with a hook equipped with a cantilever extension (inlet and outlet). Emergency loads are prepared with a check of the reliability of weakened nodes, if necessary, they are additionally tied with slings with the formation of arched or side loops.

When the helicopter is hovering over the load against the wind (to ensure maximum carrying capacity), the crew, on the commands of the flight operator, brings the hook 18 closer to the sling loop. In case of possible impacts of the hook on the load, the amplitude of oscillations of the external suspension can be reduced by weighting with an additional link 17. The sleeve 27 can soften the blows and prevent damage to the rope 15 from the sharp and torn edges of the dismantled load. The flight operator, controlling the electric mechanism 7, rotates the external suspension in azimuth and sets the cantilever extension 19 perpendicular to the sling loop 21. After that, the crew, by evolutions of the helicopter in height and horizon, inserts the extension 19 into the sling loop and gains altitude. In this case, the sling loop 21 from the end of the cantilever extension 19 enters the mouth of the hook 18, pressing on the shoulder 20, opens the latch and is hooked to the hook. The latch under the action of the spring closes the mouth of the hook. Performing a further climb, the crew lifts the cargo above the ground and transports it to the designated place (Fig. 3-4). After laying the load on the ground or installing it in the design position (installation), the flight operator through the central cargo hatch inserts the hook of the handle 26 into the loop 25 of the control cable 23 and pulls it up. Under the action of the pulling force in the cable 23, the shoulder 22 of the latch turns up and opens the hook. With further lifting of the cable and turning the hook 18 on the lower hinge, the sling loop 21 comes out of the hook. After uncoupling from the cargo, the helicopter is sent for the next cargo or for landing.

The proposed external suspension system is simple in design, consists of a minimum number of units and standard parts. It can provide unmanned pickup and uncoupling of cargo in difficult and unsafe conditions for the ground crew, for example, during dismantling and emergency recovery work, when removing debris from metal structures after an emergency, etc. It can be used in cases where loads may not be strong enough or securely fastened.

The design of the external load suspension system for the helicopter has been worked out in test flights and tested in production conditions.

Claims (7)

1. The external suspension system of a helicopter, containing the upper lock, a swivel, including a fixed part attached by means of transitional links to the upper lock, and a movable part to which a rope is attached with a load holder attached at the lower point, made in the form of a hook, above the nose of which is hinged a spring-loaded two-arm latch covering one of the arms of the mouth of the hook, characterized in that a cantilever extension is fixed on the nose of the hook, and a control cable for opening the mouth of the hook is attached to the second arm of the latch, and a rotation drive of the movable part of the swivel with a rope and a hook is installed on the fixed part of the swivel. 2. The external suspension system of the helicopter according to claim 1, characterized in that the cable for opening the opening of the mouth of the hook is mounted on a cable by means of guides fixed on it between the hook and the swivel, with the possibility of translational movement, and the cable in the upper part near the swivel is provided with a loop for functional interface with the hook of the handle located in the cockpit of the helicopter. 3. Helicopter external suspension system according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation drive of the movable part of the swivel is made in the form of an electric mechanism with an executive link, and an element is installed on the movable part of the swivel with the ability to interact with the executive link of the electromechanism. 4. The external suspension system of the helicopter according to claim 3, characterized in that the executive link of the electromechanism is made in the form of a roller fixed on the output shaft, and the element mounted on the movable part of the swivel is made in the form of a disk, and the roller and disk are coupled with the possibility of forming a friction pairs to transmit rotational motion. 5. Helicopter external suspension system according to claim 3, characterized in that the electric power cable is inserted into the cockpit, where the control panel is located. 6. Helicopter external suspension system according to claim 1, characterized in that an additional massive link is installed between the end of the rope and the hook. 7. Helicopter external suspension system according to claim 1, characterized in that at the lower end of the rope above the hook, a protective fence is installed, made in the form of a strong elastic sleeve.

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