RU205901U1 - Reel trainer for fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory training by memorizing sequences - Google Patents

Abstract

The useful model "Reel trainer for exercises to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory by memorizing sequences" refers to medicine, to the section of neurology, neurorehabilitation and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes on restoring fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in neurological patients with organic brain lesions of various etiologies. A useful model is a construction in the form of a chain of working elements connected in series with each other, made in the form of coils (1) of the same shape and size, but different colors, each of which consists of a central part (2) of a cylindrical shape and two identical lateral parts (3) of a round shape; at the same time, a blind round hole (4) is made on one of the lateral sides of each working element, and on the other side - a cylindrical shank (5), providing the ability to connect and disconnect working elements into a chain during the lesson. promotes an increase in the interest of patients in the process of restorative exercises, allowing them to conduct classes aimed at the simultaneous restoration of fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory by memorizing sequences. training. Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the "Reel Trainer" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the field of neurology, neurorehabilitation and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes with neurological patients on the simultaneous restoration of fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory by the method of memorizing sequences.

Violation of fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory occurs in neurological patients due to organic brain lesions of various etiologies.

Violation of fine motor skills leads to difficulties in performing various household activities by patients that require precise coordinated movements of the fingers.

To restore the impaired fine motor skills of the fingers, various simulators are used, which ensure the inclusion of the fingers in various movements associated with gripping, holding and other actions with small objects.

So, from the existing level of technology, a tabletop simulator "Inclined Panel with Pegs" is known, which is designed to develop fine motor skills, develop the strength and mobility of the fingers of the upper extremities (Internet store "Tianit". Inclined Panel with pegs, found 20.04.2021 g in the network Internet at http://tianit.ru/katalog/dostupnaya-sreda/trenazhery/panel-naklonnaya-s-kolyshkami.html).

Structurally, this simulator consists of a wooden base with several rows of holes of different diameters, in which sixteen wooden pegs of a circular cross-section are installed, which the patient takes out and installs in these holes during the lesson.

The disadvantages of this simulator when used in the course of training to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in neurological patients are:

a) this simulator is not intended for training in the restoration of visual-spatial memory;

b) the monotony and monotony of the actions performed by patients to install pegs in the holes, leading to a decrease in interest in classes and rapid fatigability of patients;

c) this simulator is stationary and is intended for use in a clinic's office.

Also known from the existing prior art is a device "Magnetic simulator for training to restore memory in patients with a neurological clinic by memorizing sequences" (Patent RU 177219 U1 dated 13.02.2018).

Structurally, this device is a rectangular case with a length of 300 mm, in which a metal working plate is installed with a row of 5-12 round cells, on which chips-magnets of different colors are located.

In the course of training with this device, working cards are used containing sequences of colored circles, which the patient must remember and reproduce from memory on the surface of the working plate by moving the chips-magnets.

The disadvantages of this simulator when used in the course of training to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in neurological patients are:

a) this device is not intended for exercises to restore fine motor skills;

b) the dimensions of the device make it inconvenient to use it outside the clinic's office.

Also, from the existing prior art, a device is known that provides the ability to simultaneously restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory - "Table simulator for self-study at home to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in neurological patients" (Patent RU 184498 U1 dated October 29, 2018 G.).

Structurally, this device is a body in which a row of twelve identical holes is made, in which working elements are installed in the form of pencils or felt-tip pens differing in color.

To carry out exercises with this device, working cards with white and colored stripes are used, the sequence of which the patient must remember and from memory install working elements of the same color into the corresponding holes of the device.

The disadvantages of this device when used in the course of training to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in neurological patients are:

a) This device is intended for use at a desktop only;

b) the inconvenience of conducting classes with bedridden patients.

Also from the existing state of the art, the device "Trainer-chain for exercises for restoration and preventive training of verbal memory" is known (Patent RU 164894 U1 dated 20.09.2016).

Structurally, this device is a chain-connected plastic tags with words that can be easily disconnected and connected to each other, due to which this device allows you to form various sequences of words for memorization by patients.

The disadvantages of this device when used in the course of training to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in neurological patients are:

a) this device is not intended for exercises to restore fine motor skills;

b) this device is not intended for lessons on restoration of visual-spatial memory.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above devices and simulators, as well as expand the arsenal of devices for training in the restoration of fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in neurological patients, a "Coil trainer for training in the restoration of fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory by memorizing sequences" has been developed (hereinafter referred to as the text "Reel Trainer").

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) the actions performed by the patients should be simultaneously aimed at both restoring fine motor skills and restoring visual-spatial memory;

b) maintaining the interest of patients in the process of rehabilitation exercises through the use of a new device;

c) restoration of fine motor skills should be carried out in the course of interesting exercises for patients to restore visual-spatial memory;

d) the ability to change the degree of complexity of tasks to restore visual-spatial memory;

e) the compactness of the "Reel Trainer", which makes it possible to carry out exercises with it in various conditions, for example, on walks for patients;

f) ensuring the convenience of conducting classes with bedridden patients;

g) the simplicity of the design of the "Reel Trainer", contributing to its widespread implementation in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to expand the arsenal of devices designed for training to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory, which helps to maintain the interest of patients in the training process, and is provided due to the structural elements of the claimed "Reel Trainer" motor skills and visual-spatial memory in various conditions, as well as with bedridden neurological patients.

This technical result is provided due to the fact that the "Reel Trainer" contains a structure in the form of a chain of working elements connected in series with each other, made in the form of coils of the same shape and size, but different colors, each of which consists of a central part of a cylindrical shape and two identical side parts of a round shape; at the same time, a blind round hole is made on one of the lateral sides of each working element, and on the other side - a cylindrical shank, providing the ability to connect and disconnect the working elements into a chain during the lesson.

The essence of the utility model “Reel-to-reel trainer for exercises to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory by memorizing sequences” is illustrated by drawings, which show:

FIG. 1 - General view of the "Reel Trainer";

FIG. 2 - General view of the working element of the "Reel Trainer";

FIG. 3 - view of the working element of the "Reel Trainer" from the shank side;

FIG. 4 - view of the working element of the "Reel Trainer" from the side of the hole;

FIG. 5 is an example of a work card for use during a Reel Trainer session.

The declared "Reel Trainer" (see Fig. 1) is a structure in the form of a chain of serially connected to each other working elements (see Fig. 2-4), made in the form of coils (1) of the same shape and size, but different colors , on one of the lateral sides of each of which there is a blind round hole (4), and on the other side - a cylindrical shank (5), providing the possibility of connecting and disconnecting working elements into a chain during the lesson.

The term "coil" means a cylinder hollow inside with circles at the ends (Wikipedia. Coil, found on April 20, 21, on the Internet at: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katushka).

The term "chain" means a series, a string of objects (Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary. Chain, found on 20.04.21 on the Internet at: https://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/ogegova/263874).

The term "shank" means a part of some parts or tools that serve to attach other parts (Wiktionary. Shank, found on 04.20.21 on the Internet at: https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/ shank).

The dimensions indicated below for this particular "Reel Trainer" are not indications that narrow the scope of legal protection, since they may change in the process of its creation.

Each coil (1) consists of a central part (2) of a cylindrical shape and two identical side parts (3) of a circular shape (see Fig. 2-4).

The length of the spool (1) (without the shank) is 25-35 mm, the diameter of the central part (2) is 15-25 mm, and the diameter of each side part (3) is 5-10 mm larger than the diameter of the central part (2) of the spool (1 ).

The number of working elements of the "Reel Trainer" can be from 5 to 10 or more pieces.

Due to the fact that the working elements are made in the form of coils (1), the convenience and ease of their connection and disconnection by patients is provided due to the fact that the central part (2) of each coil (1) serves to grip and hold it with the fingers of the hand, and the lateral parts (3) serve as rests for the fingers of the hand when connecting and disconnecting working elements in the process of training, which is important for neurological patients with impaired fine motor skills of the fingers.

A blind round hole (4) is made on one of the lateral sides of each working element, and on the other side there is a cylindrical shank (5) intended for installation in a round hole (4) of another working element.

The dimensions (diameter and length) of the shank (5) of each working element are the same, while the diameter of the shank (5) is 5-15 mm less than the diameter of the central part (2) of the spool (1), and the length of the shank (5) is 5-10 mm less than the length of the spool (1).

The dimensions (depth and diameter) of the round hole (4) of each working element are the same, while the depth of the round hole (4) is 3-6 mm greater than the length of the shank (5), and the diameter of the round hole (4) is made for the diameter of the shank (5 ) in such a way that it should provide:

a) ease of connecting and disconnecting the working elements of the "Reel Trainer" with the fingers of the hand during the lesson;

b) the tightness of the connection of the working elements, sufficient to prevent their separation when tilting and turning the "Reel Trainer" in the course of the lesson.

To provide additional tightness of connection of the working elements with each other, a longitudinal groove (6) can be made in the shank (5) of each working element, which divides the shank (5) into two identical parts (see Figs. 2, 3).

To provide additional convenience of holding the working elements with the fingers of the hand, notches (7) with a depth of 0.5-1 mm are made on the surfaces of the central parts (2) of the coils (1) (see Figs. 1, 2).

In the course of training with the use of the "Reel Trainer", a methodological manual is used, consisting of working cards (8), each of which contains an image on both sides (see Fig. 5), which is a sequence of colored rectangles (from 3 or more pcs.), the color of which matches the color of the coils (1) of the "Reel Trainer".

Working with the useful model "Coil simulator for training to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory by memorizing sequences" is carried out as follows: before starting the session, the patient, holding the Coil simulator with a healthy hand, disconnects (restoration of fine motor skills) it into separate workers elements of the fingers of the hand with impaired movement.

Next, the specialist presents the patient with a work card (8), the complexity of which corresponds to the degree of impairment of the patient's visual-spatial memory.

So, at the first stages of classes, work cards (8) containing sequences of 3 or 4 colored rectangles can be used.

Further, the patient, during a time interval specified by a specialist (from 15 seconds or more), memorizes (restoration of visual-spatial memory) a sequence of colored rectangles, after which the specialist covers the used work card with something (for example, a sheet of paper) (8).

After that, the patient from memory (restoration of visual-spatial memory) connects (restoration of fine motor skills) the working elements of the "Reel Trainer" in accordance with the sequence of colored rectangles on the used working card (8).

To do this, the patient takes a work item with his healthy hand, the color of which corresponds to the color of the first rectangle on the work card (8), and with his hand with fine motor skills takes (restoration of fine motor skills) another work item, the color of which corresponds to the color of the second rectangle on the work card (8) ...

After that, the patient connects (restoration of fine motor skills) these working elements with each other, inserting the shank (5) of one working element into the round hole (4) of the other.

The patient performs all further actions with the working elements with his hand with a fine motor disorder, until a chain of coils (1) is drawn up, the sequence of colors of which corresponds to the sequence of colored rectangles on the working card used (8).

After completing the connection of the working elements, the specialist, together with the patient, checks the correctness of the task.

Further, the patient, holding the "Reel Trainer" with his healthy hand, disconnects (restoration of fine motor skills) with his hand with fine motor skills impairment into separate working elements, after which he receives another work card from a specialist (8) and the above sequence of actions is repeated.

Along with this method, classes using the "Reel Trainer" can be carried out without using work cards (8).

In this case, the specialist calls the patient a sequence of words consisting of names of different colors (for example: blue, yellow, red, purple, etc.), which the patient should try to remember (memory recovery), and then connect (restoration of fine motor skills) memory working elements of corresponding colors with each other in accordance with a predetermined sequence.

Along with exercises to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in neurological patients, the "Reel Trainer" can be effectively used in the following cases:

a) when conducting classes with patients, the violation of fine motor skills of which is caused by various other reasons, for example, hand injuries, the consequences of surgical operations, etc.;

b) when carrying out correctional and developmental classes with children who have disorders in the formation of fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory;

c) when conducting neuropsychological trainings with elderly people;

d) as an educational game aimed at developing and training fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory in healthy children.

Thus, the "Reel Trainer" helps to increase the interest of patients in the process of recovery exercises, allowing them to conduct exercises aimed at the simultaneous restoration of fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory by memorizing sequences.

The declared "Reel Trainer" introduces an element of novelty into the process of recovery exercises, turning them into an attractive neuropsychological training for patients.

Due to its simplicity of design and ease of use, the "Reel Trainer" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Claims (4)

1. A reel trainer for exercises to restore fine motor skills and visual-spatial memory by the method of memorizing sequences, containing a chain of working elements connected in series with each other, made in the form of coils of different colors, the same shape and size, and each coil consists of a central cylindrical part with notches located on the surface and two identical round side parts, while on one of the side parts a blind round hole is made, having a depth greater than the length of the shank, located on the other side part for connecting and disconnecting working elements during training. 2. The reel trainer according to claim 1, characterized in that the blind round hole has a depth that is 3-6 mm more than the length of the shank. 3. The reel trainer according to claim 1, characterized in that the notches have a depth of 0.5-1 mm. 4. The reel trainer according to claim 1, characterized in that the shank is made with a longitudinal groove.

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