RU197886U1 - Round chip with two types of cells for group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “A round chip with two types of cells for group classes in restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” refers to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group classes in restoration and preventive training visual and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic. A useful model contains a flat plastic base (1) of a round shape, on the front and back sides of which there are two types of recess cells (2, 3) of the same depth: the main recess cells (2) of a round shape each of which is located in the central part of each of the sides of the base (1) and additional recess cells (3), which are located around the main recess cells (2) and have the shape of ring sectors of the same size; the number and location of the main and additional cells-recesses (2, 3) on the front and back sides of the base (1) is the same, and on the end surface of the base (1) there is an eyelet (6) with a through hole. Thus, “Round "chip" due to its structural elements ensures the convenience and convenience of conducting long-term courses of group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands. The declared "Round chip" introduces The recovery process is an element of novelty, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients. Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the “Round Chip" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

Of great importance for the effectiveness of rehabilitation education are the forms of its organization, which are used during classes with patients at a neurological clinic who have disorders of various mental functions.

Methods and forms of organization of restorative education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for maximizing the use of all human capabilities and abilities, using the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow psychological -Social Institute of Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, p. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of rehabilitation education, which is based on the use of the social environment and other social factors, is the group form of classes, which helps to increase the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental functions, expanding and complementing individual lessons with a specialist and independent studies of patients while they are in a neurological clinic .

Group lessons allow you to realize primarily the activity of communication and impact on the patient’s personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 9).

According to the specialist in group dynamics, Marvin Shaw, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (Myers D. Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997).

The use of the group form of classes helps to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation training when working on restoration of various types of memory in patients of a neurological clinic, one of which is visual-spatial memory.

To conduct group exercises on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic, various devices and simulators are used.

So, from the existing level of technology, the device "Training circle for group exercises for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in the ring sectors" is known (Patent RU 192583 U1 from 09/23/2019).

Structurally, this device is a flat base of circular shape, on the side surface of which there is a handle, and on both sides of the base there are recess cells having the shape of annular sectors.

During classes with this device, one of the patients enters various images (symbols, geometric shapes) into the cell-recesses on one side of the base, after which the other patient remembers the image data, and writes them in memory into the cell-recesses on the other side of the base.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual and spatial memory of the clinic is:

a) the need to constantly transfer the device during classes from one patient to another;

b) the need to hold the device during training by the handle.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the device “Round chip for group exercises for the restoration of visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic” is known (Patent RU 195569 U1 of 01.31.2020).

Structurally, this device is a flat plastic base of circular shape, on each side of which a recess cell is made, in which one of the patients writes an image, after which the other patient remembers this image and writes it from memory to the recess cell on the other side of the base.

The disadvantage of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory is that it is intended primarily for working with visual memory and is not intended for classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above simulators and devices, as well as to expand the arsenal of devices intended for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, a "Round chip with two types of cells for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" was developed (hereinafter referred to as the "Round chip").

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) ensuring the possibility of conducting group exercises with patients at the neurological clinic aimed at restoring impaired visual spatial memory;

b) providing the possibility of conducting group exercises aimed at preventive training of the visuospatial memory of patients with a slight memory impairment;

c) ensuring the comfort of training with the "Round chip" due to the lack of the need to hold it in the patient’s hand, as well as the convenience of lifting it from a horizontal surface;

d) maintaining the interest of patients in the process of training through the use of a new device;

e) enabling the use of the "Round Chip" an unlimited number of times due to the fact that it is made of plastic, and graphic operations are performed on its surfaces by means of an easily erasable water marker;

f) ensuring the possibility of conducting long-term courses for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory due to an unlimited number of tasks, the formation of which is carried out by the patients themselves;

g) providing the opportunity to conduct classes for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremors due to the fact that the cells of the "Round chip" are made in the form of recesses that do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

h) the simplicity of the design of the "Round chip", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to expand the arsenal of devices designed for group classes in the restoration and prophylactic training of visual-spatial memory, which helps to maintain the interest of patients in the classroom process and is provided by the structural elements of the declared “Round Chip”, providing comfort and convenience of long-term courses group classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the "Round chip" contains a flat plastic base of round shape, on the front and back sides of which two types of recess cells of the same depth are made: the main recess cells are round in shape, each of which is located in the central part of each from the sides of the base and additional recess cells that are located around the main recess cells and have the shape of ring sectors of the same size; the number and location of the main and additional cells-recesses on the front and back sides of the base is the same, and on the end surface of the base there is an eye with a through hole.

In a preferred embodiment, "Round chips" on the end surface of the base made notches.

In a preferred embodiment, the “Round Chip" on the front side of the base is marked.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Round Chip", the recess cells are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

The essence of the utility model "Round chip with two types of cells for group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - general view of the "Round chip" from the front side;

In FIG. 2 - side view of the "Round chip";

In FIG. 3 - section AA.

The declared “Round chip” is a flat plastic base (1) of a round shape on the front and back sides of which two types of recess cells (2, 3) are made: a) main recess cells (2) of a round shape, each of which is located in the central part of each of the sides of the base (1) and is intended for inscribing with a water marker various images (objects, symbols, figures, etc.) during the classes; b) additional recess cells (3), which are located around the main recess cells (2), have the form of ring sectors of the same size and are designed to fit various icons (checkmarks, dots) with a water marker during classes.

The dimensions of this particular “Round Chip” indicated below are not signs narrowing the scope of legal protection, as they may change during the process of its creation.

The diameter of the base (1) of the "Round chip" is 30-80 mm, and its thickness is 4-8 mm.

The diameter of the main cell-recess (2) is 60-80 percent of the diameter of the base (1).

The number of additional recess cells (3) on the front and back sides of the base (1) is the same and amounts to 2-16 pieces on each side of the base (1).

Additional recess cells (3) are separated from the main recess cells (2) and from the edges of the base (1) by annular bridges (4), and from each other by radial bridges (5).

The width of the annular and radial jumpers (4, 5) is the same and is 2-4 mm.

The location of the main and additional cells-recesses (2, 3) on the front and back sides of the base (1) is the same.

The depth of the main and additional cells-recesses (2, 3) is the same and is 1-2 mm.

Thus, the design features of the main and additional cells-recesses (2, 3) that are made below the surfaces of the front and back sides of the base (1) facilitate the process of inscribing various images and icons into them with a water marker for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor. At the same time, the small depth of the main and additional cells-recesses (2, 3) does not prevent the removal of inscribed images and icons by means of a sponge designed to erase water markers.

An eye (6) with a through hole is made on the end surface of the base (1).

"The eye - a device on the side of various objects for more convenient lifting, holding, hanging, etc." (The explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Efremova. The meaning of the word “ear” was found on 03/04/2020 on the Internet at https://www.efremova.info/word/ushko.html#.XkdSQxtn3IU).

The thickness of the eyelet (6) is 2-4 mm less than the thickness of the base (1) of the "Round chip", and its width is 6-10 mm. The diameter of the through hole is 3-7 mm.

Thus, the eyelet (6) provides the implementation of the following functions:

a) serves as a reference point for the same spatial arrangement of images and icons inscribed in the main and additional cell-indentations (2, 3) during the classes;

b) provides the ability to install a metal ring in it, which provides additional convenience when lifting the "Round chip" from a horizontal surface;

c) provides the possibility of threading a lace connecting several "Round chips" with each other, in the case of a group lesson with the simultaneous use of several "Round chips".

For the convenience of lifting and holding the "Round chip" when it is turned over, notches (7) are made on the end surface of the base (1).

For the convenience of practicing patients with the “Round chip”, a label (8) is applied (for example, with dark paint) to the front side of the base (1), which can be made, for example, in the form of a circle.

For better perception by patients of the cells-recesses (2, 3), they are highlighted in a color (for example, by means of paint) that differs from the color of the base (1).

Work with the utility model “A round chip with two types of cells for group classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” is carried out as follows.

Before starting classes, the specialist forms a group of two patients with approximately the same degree of visual and spatial memory impairment.

In this case, one of the patients in the group is appointed by the specialist forming the task, and the other patient is performing the task.

Next, the patient, forming the task, holding the “Round chip” located on the desktop by the edge of the base (1), writes the image (object, symbol, figure, etc.) with a water marker into the main cell-cavity (2) and selects one or more additional cells-recesses (3) by inscribing icons in them (checkmarks, dots).

In this case, the complexity of the images that fit into the main cell-recess (2) and the number of allocated additional cells-recesses (3) is determined by a specialist.

After that, the patient performing the task, within a specified time interval of the specialist (from 20 seconds or more) remembers the image inscribed in the main cell-recess (2) and the location of the selected additional cell-recesses (3), after which it flips the “Round chip” and from memory reproduces the image in the main cell-recess (2) and selects the corresponding additional cell-recesses (3) on the back of the base (1).

In the event of difficulty, the patient performing the task may briefly turn the “Round Chip" over, thus receiving a hint.

Verification of the correctness of the task is carried out by comparing the images in the main cells-recesses (2) and the selected additional cells-recesses (3) on the front and back sides of the base (1) of the "Round chip".

Further, all the images and icons entered in the recesses (2, 3) are deleted with a sponge to erase water markers, the patient forming the task, and the patient performing the task change roles and the entire sequence of actions is repeated a number of times specified by the specialist.

Along with the method described above, group classes can be carried out by another method, based on the simultaneous use of several (from 2 to 5) "Round chips".

In this case, the patient, forming the task, enters images into the main cell-recesses (2) and selects additional cell-recesses (3) on the front sides of several "Round chips" located in a row on the surface of the desktop.

After that, the patient performing the task, within a specified time (from 20 seconds or more), remembers the images in the main cells-recesses (2) and the location of the selected additional cells-recesses (3) of the used "Round chips".

Next, the “Round Chips” are turned over, and the patient performing the task should try to write the images into the main recess cells (2) from memory and select additional recess cells (3) on the backs of the used “Round Chips”.

Verification of the correctness of the tasks is carried out by sequentially comparing the images in the main cells-recesses (2) and the selected additional cells-recesses (3) on the front and back sides of the used "Round chips".

For the convenience of practicing patients with several “Round chips”, a string connecting them to each other can be threaded through the eyelet (6) of each “Round chip”.

After mastering the work with the "Round chip" under the guidance of a specialist, patients get the opportunity to conduct independent group exercises with it.

The effectiveness of using the “Round Chip” during the classes for restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory is ensured by the fact that the social process influences the mental sphere of patients in a neurological clinic through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition and Other important is the fact that in case of lack of motivation for classes in one sick group, he is prompted to classes by another patient.

Along with classes in the restoration of visual-spatial memory, the "Round chip" is also intended for use during classes in preventive training of visual-spatial memory, the main difference of which is the high complexity of the images that fit into the main cell-recess (2), a larger number allocated additional cells-recesses (3) and a shorter time interval for their storage.

In addition, the "Round chip" can be effectively used in a number of other cases:

a) when conducting correctional and developing classes with children with impaired formation of visual-spatial memory;

b) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

c) as a chip of a developmental game aimed at developing and training visual-spatial memory in healthy children;

d) as chips of a memory simulator for healthy people who want to improve their memory;

e) as a souvenir product, for example, a keychain for keys or bags, providing the opportunity to exercise visual-spatial memory in various conditions.

Thus, the "Round chip with two types of cells for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" due to its structural elements ensures the comfort and convenience of long-term courses of group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor.

The declared “Round Chip” introduces an element of novelty into the training process, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients.

Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the “Round chip" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Claims (4)

1. A round chip with two types of cells for group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, characterized in that it contains a flat plastic base of a round shape, on the front and back sides of which are made two types of recesses of the same depth: the main cells are recesses are round in shape, each of which is located in the central part of each side of the base and additional recess cells that are located around the main recess cells and have the form of ring sectors of the same size; the number and location of the main and additional cells-recesses on the front and back sides of the base is the same, and on the end surface of the base there is an eye with a through hole.
2. A round chip according to claim 1, characterized in that notches are made on the end surface of the base.
3. A round chip according to claim 1, characterized in that a mark is applied to the front side of the base.
4. A round chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the cell-recesses are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

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