RU2028073C1 - Ballet slipper having rigid toe - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: light industry. SUBSTANCE: ballet slipper includes textile top, rigid toe, insole, put-in inner sole, footing, and removable soft subtoe that has stepped shape to match individual configuration of ballet dancer's foot fingers and is composed of several layers of soft porous moist-absorbing felt-like material or made in the form of single unit made of soft moist-absorbing polymer material. This soft removable moist-absorbing polymer subtoe is manufactured either by casting or molding. EFFECT: more sophisticated design. 3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to light industry, in particular to shoe production, and can be used for the manufacture of ballet shoes.

 Known ballet shoes made at the factory of the All-Union Theater Society (Khlebnikovo, Moscow Region), containing a textile upper, hard toe, sole and insole [1].

 The disadvantages of this shoe are the high stiffnesses of the inside of the toe, which leads to the appearance of pathological deviations of the feet of the ballerinas in the form of ingrown nails and hammer-like toes.

 The way to reduce the stiffness of the toe of the pointe leads to insufficient fixation of the foot when positioned in a sharp equinus, which excludes the possibility of the functioning of this shoe.

 The only way to solve the problem of reducing the likelihood of occupational diseases of the feet of the ballerinas is to install an additional device in the internal volume of the hard toe, which provides an even distribution of pressure on all fingers and metatarsal bones of the foot.

 Closest to the claimed one is ballet shoes, which in addition to the textile upper, hard toe, lining, sole and insole, also a soft toe cap [3]. The aim of the invention is to improve the comfortable conditions for wearing, however, the use of this patent complicates the complexity of manufacturing pointe shoes, leads to a sharp increase in pointe weight, which leads to an increase in energy consumption during dancing and increased sweat secretion. Due to these shortcomings, patented shoes have not found practical application.

 Known ballet shoes [4], made of textile upper, hard toe, insoles, soles, gellenka (arch support). The purpose of the technical solution is to reduce the likelihood of occupational diseases of the feet of ballerinas and to improve the comfort of the footwear space. The disadvantage of this shoe is a partial solution to the problem, due to a metal geller, which eliminates occupational diseases of the plantar part of the foot.

In ballet schools accept children from 5 years of age. The applicants have high demands on ear for music, rhythm, etc. One of the requirements is the shape (profile) of the fingers, since from the age of 10 girls are “put” on their fingers in pointe shoes. A large number of applicants are screened out due to a mismatch in the profile of the fingers of the so-called ballet leg. The feet are most suitable for dancing on pointe shoes with straight, as if “chopped off” toes (Fig. 1, a), but such a profile is very rare. In other people having a normal foot without pathological abnormalities, the finger profiles shown in FIG. 1, b - 1, e. Foot, having the configuration of the fingers 1>2>3>4> 5, is called in the ballet "oblique section". According to surveys of the feet, such a shape of the fingers is still observed in two-thirds of students in ballet schools and ballerinas [2]. For this category of ballerinas, the occurrence of occupational diseases such as hallux valgus is most likely. The reason for this is explained by the fact that when performing dance steps when the foot is in a sharp equinus, which is physiologically uncharacteristic of the human foot, due to insufficient fixation of the inner part of the shoe and the minimum area of support (0.3-0.35 dm ² ), body weight is redistributed on the longest finger and on the first metatarsal bone. Having no support from the other fingers, the first metatarsal bone deviates inward, and the first finger outward, forming a so-called “blockage” on the first finger. The arising valgus setting during further ballet classes can go into permanent deformation.

 The aim of the invention is to reduce the likelihood of occupational diseases of the feet of ballerinas such as hallux valgus deviation of the first finger, the hammeriness of the fingers, ingrown nails and improving the comfort of the shoes.

 In FIG. 1 shows the profiles of the toes; in FIG. 2 - soft toe cap in ballet shoes: top view - a, side view - Fig. b; in FIG. 3 - removable soft toe cap: FIG. 3, a - 3, d is a side view for a different profile of the fingers of ballerinas.

 Conducted anthropometric studies revealed the main dimensional signs. It was found that the distance from the most protruding point of the heel to the end of the fifth finger is constant and equal to 0.8 D, where D is the length of the foot.

 Studies of stop ballerinas proved the indicated dependence with a variation of -0.03D. To consider the profile of the stop ballerinas, we take the 0.8D dependence.

 To clarify the boundary dimensions of the thickness of the toe cap, mock-ups are made having various layer thicknesses under the first finger. A survey of the sensation of ballerinas.

 It was revealed that a quality indicator is ease of use, determined by indicators: a sense of stability and sensitivity. The thickness of the soft toe cap should be in the range limited by the threshold of sensitivity and the threshold of instability. This requirement determines the thickness of the soft toe under the longest finger.

 To solve this issue, insertion toe caps of various thicknesses were made.

 According to the ballerinas, the threshold of sensitivity, when the presence of a plug-in toe is beginning to be felt, corresponds to 1 mm, and the threshold of instability, when there is a sensation of loss of the “sense of gender”, i.e. the appearance of a sense of danger among the ballerinas, which forces them to make significant nervous efforts to maintain their equilibrium in a sharp equinus, begins with a thickness of the foot toe of more than 5 mm.

 Thus, the main characteristic of the linear dimensions of the insert toe cap is obtained - the layer thickness under the longest finger, its borders: from 1 to 5 mm. Going beyond these boundaries significantly worsens the purpose of the invention.

Taking the thickness of the soft toe under the longest finger for H ₁ , you can describe the profile of the soft toe, taking into account the basic anthropometric patterns of the feet of ballerinas (Fig. 1) obtained by processing 150 plantograms.

For the finger profile 1 = 2>3>4> 5 (Fig. 1, b) a soft toe cap (Fig. 3, b) of the following profile is recommended: H ₁ under the first and
second finger
cement; H ₁ +0.07 D under the third
a finger; H ₁ + 0.13 D under the fourth
a finger; H ₁ +0.2 D under the fifth finger
cement

For the finger profile 1> 2 = 3 = 4> 5 (Fig. 1, c), a soft toe cap (Fig. 3, c) of the following profile is recommended: H ₁ under the first
a finger; H ₁ + 0.1 D under the second
a finger; H ₁ + 0.1 D under the third
a finger; H ₁ + 0.1 D under the fourth
a finger; H ₁ + 0.2 D under the fifth
with your finger.

For the finger profile 1> 2 = 3>4> 5 (Fig. 1, g), a soft toe cap (Fig. 3, g) of the following profile is recommended: H ₁ under the first
a finger; H ₁ + 0.07 D under the second
a finger; H ₁ + 0.07 D under the third
a finger; H ₁ + 0.13 D under the fourth
a finger; H ₁ + 0.2 D under the fifth
with your finger.

For the finger profile 1>2>3>4> 5 (Fig. 1, e), a soft toe cap (Fig. 3, e) of the following profile is recommended: H ₁ under the first
a finger; H ₁ + 0.05 D under the second
a finger; H ₁ + 0.1 D under the third
a finger; H ₁ + 0.15 D under the fourth
a finger; H ₁ + 0.2 D under the fifth
with your finger.

 For the profile of the fingers 1 = 2 = 3 = 4> 5 (Fig. 1, a), which is rarely seen and called a “square," a soft toe cap (Fig. 3, a) can be recommended for convenience than for maintenance, since the lengths of four fingers are the same.

For the confection of the internal details of ballet shoes, a survey of ballerinas was conducted and it was found that the following requirements were imposed on them:
availability,
the absence of harmful and irritating foot skin ingredients in the material;
porosity,
elasticity,
hydrophilicity
moisture capacity
sweat resistance
aesthetics.

 To select the material for the soft known toe cap, mock-ups were made of materials of various composition and structure: from expanded polystyrene, felt, felt, from a material based on PVC, PVA and VA-15.

 A removable soft profiled toe cap can be made from a wide range of polymeric materials, including thermoplastics and thermoplastic elastomers, rubbers and from compositions based on them. In this case, you can use a large number of methods for processing polymer compositions, including injection, press.

The advantages of the claimed design in comparison with the prototype and analog are:
uniform distribution of load on all toes of the ballerinas;
reducing the likelihood of occupational diseases of the feet of ballerinas such as deviations of the first finger, hammeriness of fingers, ingrown nails;
improving the comfortable conditions for wearing by increasing the steam and moisture capacity of the footwear space and increasing the depreciation of the package of materials for the bottom of the shoe;
reduction of perspiration due to improved organoleptics of the toes.

Claims (3)

1. BALLET SHOES WITH A HARD TOE, containing a textile blank of the upper of the shoes, a hard toe placed inside it for fixing the foot when positioned in a rigid equinus, an insole, an insole and a soft toe cap for comfort of the internal space, and a sole fixed to the textile blank of the upper of the shoes, characterized in that, in order to reduce the likelihood of occupational diseases, feet of ballerinas such as hallux valgus deviation of the first finger, hammeriness of fingers and ingrown nails, a soft toe cap is removed it has a stepped volumetric shape to match its individual configuration features of the finger section of the feet of ballerinas, and the thickness of the soft removable stepped toe in the thumb area is equal to the value of H ₁ varying from 1 to 5 mm; under the second finger, H ₂ = H ₁ - H ₁ + 0,1D; under the third finger, H ₃ = (H ₁ + 0,07D) - (H ₁ + 0,1D); under the fourth finger, H ₄ = (H ₁ + 0,1D) - (H ₁ + 0,15D); under the fifth finger, H ₅ = H ₁ + 0.2D, where D is the length of the foot.  2. Shoes according to claim 1, characterized in that the soft removable step toe cap is prefabricated from several layers of soft porous moisture-absorbing polymeric or natural materials or monolithic from porous moisture-absorbing polymeric material.  3. Shoes according to claim 1, characterized in that the soft removable step toe cap is made by press and injection manufacturing methods.

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