RU174961U1 - Mini-keyboard for classes on the restoration of spatial perception in bed patients of a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “Mini-keyboard for classes on the restoration of spatial perception in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic” relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore spatial perception in bedridden patients of a neurological clinics. The proposed device contains a plastic cross-body (1) having a thickness of 15-25 mm and external dimensions of 60 60 mm with a width of the ends of about 20 mm to 90 × 90 mm with a width of the ends of about 30 mm, while on each of the four ends of the cross-body (1) there are niches in which four square-shaped control keys (2) are mounted, on each of which convex arrows (9) directed in different directions are made, and in the center of the cross-body (1), a central key (3) is mounted, having a shape and size similar to the control keys (2), also in each of the corners of the cross-body ( 1) there are platforms containing niches in which four identical are mounted the size of the function buttons (4), and inside the cross-case (1) there is a niche in which the keyboard processor is fixed, electrically connected to the metal contacts of the four control keys (2) and the central key (3), metal contacts of the four function buttons (4 ), as well as a cable (10) with a USB connector (11), while the cross-body (1) is axially connected (6) and is rotatably connected to the circular platform (5) located below its lower part made of plastic to the bottom which (5) fastens the strap (7). The proposed utility model improves the efficiency of the process of restoring impaired spatial perception in the early stages of rehabilitation training, providing the patient with the opportunity to implement movement in the virtual space of a computer monitor to a bedridden patient. structural elements to eliminate the need to hold the device in hands due to its fixation on the wrist of one of the p uk, as well as providing quick mastery of the “mini-keyboard” due to the placement of control keys in accordance with the natural arrangement of spatial components (top-bottom, left-right) and providing ease of finding control keys to the touch.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore spatial perception in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions.

A violation of spatial perception occurs in patients of a neurological clinic due to organic lesions of the postcentral tertiary departments of the cerebral cortex caused by various diseases: cerebrovascular accident, atrophic diseases, etc.

One of the effective exercises used to restore impaired spatial perception is an exercise on the movement of the patient in space. During the lesson using this exercise, the patient carries out various speech instructions received from a specialist related to movement in the office or corridor space of the clinic: “go forward”, “turn right”, “go back”, “turn left”, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education, - M .; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 156).

However, the implementation of exercises related to the direct movement of the patient in real space is not available to all patients in a neurological clinic. This is due to the fact that after a patient suffered a cerebrovascular accident, many patients have limited mobility. Therefore, to restore spatial perception in the early stages of rehabilitation training, various computer simulators are used that provide the patient with the ability to move in the virtual space of a computer monitor, thereby allowing the restoration of disturbed spatial perception.

So, the computer program “COGPAK” is currently known, which is designed to restore impaired mental functions, including spatial perception, and includes a group of exercises related to the movement in the virtual space of a computer monitor, for example, the movement of an object according to the image monitor the road, so as not to go beyond it, or control a raft floating along the river. At the same time, the patient moving through the virtual space is controlled by the patient using the keyboard or a computer mouse (Grigoryeva V.N., Kovyazina M.S., Tkhostov A.Sh. - Cognitive neurorehabilitation of patients with focal brain lesions. M., 2006, p. 136).

The disadvantages of this method of controlling computer simulator programs during classes to restore spatial perception in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic is that for this category of patients, because of their lying position, it is difficult to use a computer mouse and even more difficult to use a standard computer keyboard due to its size, weight and a large number of keys, among which it is difficult for the patient to find the keys necessary to control a moving object .

Therefore, for classes to restore impaired mental functions, including impaired spatial perception, keyboards adapted for patients' work are used.

So, from the existing level of technology, a keyboard is known - the RehaCom panel, designed for computer training of brain functions in patients with impaired various mental processes, including spatial perception (Products Page, RehaCom Custom Panel, found 02/20/2017 on the Internet at http://www.rehacom.co.uk/shop/rehacom-custom-panel).

This keyboard consists of a body on which control keys are enlarged in size: four large white keys, which correspond to four arrows pointing in different directions, printed on the front surface of the keyboard, six smaller keys of different colors along the edges of the body and a row of twelve even more small keys. The dimensions of the RehaCom keyboard are similar to the size of a standard keyboard, and its control keys are adapted to work with the RehaCom computer program designed for this keyboard.

The disadvantages of this keyboard when using it during classes to restore impaired spatial perception in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic are:

a) the impossibility of holding the keyboard by a bed patient of a neurological clinic with impaired movements of one of the hands;

b) the difficulty of holding the keyboard in the hands of a bed patient, even with preserved movements of the hands due to the significant size of this keyboard.

Also, various gaming keyboards with a more compact size and a reduced number of keys compared to standard computer keyboards can be used for computer exercises to restore spatial perception in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic.

So, from the current level of technology, the gaming keyboard A4Tech X7-G100 is known, which is a gaming keyboard unit of a reduced size (Onyx. Trading House, Keyboard A4Tech X7-G100 Black, gaming, found on the Internet 02/20/2017 at http: // www. onixpc.ru/klaviatura-a4tech-x7-g100-chernaya-igrovaya.html).

The positive features of this keyboard, along with a more compact size and fewer keys, is the presence of orange overlays that highlight four keys designed to control an object moving in the virtual space of a computer monitor.

The disadvantages of this keyboard when using it during classes to restore impaired spatial perception in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic are:

a) the impossibility of holding the keyboard by a bed patient of a neurological clinic with impaired movements of one of the hands;

b) the need to constantly hold the fingers on the keys designed to control the movement of the object, since if a bedridden patient accidentally lifts his fingers from these keys, he cannot determine them by touch due to other keys nearby.

Also, the four-button keyboard “Kee4 Keyboard) is known from the existing level of technology), designed for typing (Kee4 Keyboard - four-button keyboard, Technology News, found on 02/20/2017 on the Internet at http://techvesti.ru/node/3338).

The keyboard case “Kee4 Keyboard)) has a reduced size and consists of four keys arranged in a row, with which you can type all the letters, numbers and characters available on a standard keyboard. This is possible through a combination of key combinations, the order in which they are pressed and released.

The disadvantages of this keyboard when using it during classes to restore impaired spatial perception in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic are:

a) this keyboard is intended solely for typing;

b) the arrangement of the keys in one row is inconvenient for controlling the movement of an object in virtual space, since the cross-shaped arrangement of keys corresponding to the spatial components is more natural for this: top-bottom, left-right;

c) the need to hold the keyboard with the fingers of the hand, pressing the keys, which is difficult for patients in a neurological clinic with impaired motor functions of the hands.

In order to overcome the existing shortcomings of the above devices, a "Mini-keyboard for classes on restoring spatial perception in bed patients of a neurological clinic" (hereinafter referred to as "mini-keyboard") is developed.

The tasks to be addressed by the claimed technical solution are:

a) providing easy and convenient work with a “mini-keyboard" to patients in a neurological clinic who are in a supine position;

b) ensuring the rapid development of the keyboard by patients due to the crosswise placement of the keys in accordance with the natural location of the spatial components: top-bottom, left-right;

c) the ease of finding by touch the keys necessary for operation;

d) the accessibility of working with the keyboard to patients with impaired movements of one of the hands;

e) ensuring the possibility of conducting independent classes to restore impaired spatial perception using movement in the virtual space of a computer monitor in a clinic;

f) providing the possibility of conducting long-term courses to restore spatial perception using movement in the virtual space of a computer monitor at home.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the ease and simplicity of working with the keyboard during classes to restore impaired spatial perception in bed patients of a neurological clinic, provided by structural elements of the device, which eliminate the need to hold the device due to its fixation on the wrist of one of the hands, contribute to the rapid mastering the device by placing the keys in accordance with the natural arrangement of spatial components ( px-bottom, left-right), and also provide ease of finding keys to the touch.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the device contains a plastic housing-cross, having a thickness of 15-25 mm and external dimensions from 60 × 60 mm with a width of the ends of about 20 mm to 90 × 90 mm with a width of the ends of about 30 mm, at the same time, on each of the four ends of the cross-body there are niches in which four square-shaped control keys are mounted, on each of which convex arrows directed in different directions are made, the color of which differs from the color of the control keys, and in the center of the cross-body and there is a niche in which a central key is mounted, having a shape and size similar to the control keys, also in each of the corners of the cross-body there are platforms containing niches in which four function buttons of the same size are mounted, and there is a niche inside the cross-body, in which the keyboard processor is fixed, electrically connected to the metal contacts of the four control keys and the central key, the metal contacts of the four function buttons, as well as a cable with a USB connector ohm, while the cross-body, through an axial connection, is movably rotatably connected to a round-shaped platform made of plastic located under its lower part, to the bottom of which the strap is rigidly fixed.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, the dimensions of the control keys are determined based on the sizes of the ends of the housing-cross.

In a preferred embodiment, the center key has a shape and size similar to the control keys.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, the diameter of the platform is 60-80% of the external size of the cross-body, and the thickness is 4-7 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, the strap may be made of flexible plastic or fabric material.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, Velcro tape is located at the ends of the strap.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, the keyboard processor is connected via a cable with a USB connector to the system unit of the computer.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, the keyboard processor may be connected to the computer system unit via wireless communication.

The essence of the useful “Mini-keyboard for classes to restore spatial perception in bed patients of a neurological clinic” is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - general view of the "mini-keyboard";

In FIG. 2 is a side view of the “mini-keyboard” (the strap is conventionally not shown);

In FIG. 3 - the position of the “mini-keyboard" on the patient’s hand during classes to restore spatial perception.

The mini-keyboard for classes on restoring spatial perception in bed patients of a neurological clinic (see Figs. 1 and 2) contains a plastic cross-body (1) made of plastic, having a thickness of 15-25 mm and external dimensions from 60 × 60 mm with a width ends about 20 mm to 90 × 90 mm with a width of ends about 30 mm.

On each of the four ends of the cross-body (1) there are niches in which four square-shaped control keys (2) are mounted, on each of which convex arrows (9) directed in different directions are made, the color of which differs from the color of the control keys ( 2).

The dimensions of the control keys (2) are determined based on the dimensions of the ends of the cross-body (1).

A niche is made in the center of the cross-body (1), in which the central key (3) is mounted, having a shape and size similar to the control keys (2).

Each of the control keys (2) with a convex arrow (9) applied to it is designed to control an object moving in the virtual space of a computer monitor in accordance with a running computer program. So, for example, the control key (2) with the arrow (9) directed to the right ensures the movement of the object to the right side, etc.

The central key (3) ensures that the managed object performs various actions in accordance with the running computer program, for example, the start of movement, a stop during movement, etc.

In each of the corners of the cross-body (1), there are platforms containing niches in which four functionally sized buttons (4) are mounted, designed to control various functions of the program running on the computer, for example, turning on the pause mode, turning off the soundtrack, etc.

The location of the function buttons (4) in the corners of the cross-body (1) in a plane perpendicular to the location of the control keys (2) and the central key (3) prevents the function buttons (4) from being accidentally pressed by patients during classes with the device.

Inside the cross-body (1) there is a niche in which the keyboard processor is fixed (not shown in the figures), which is electrically connected to four control keys (2), a central key (3), four function buttons (4), and a cable ( 10), through which the device is connected to the system unit of the computer.

Each control key (2), the central key (3) and each function button (4) have metal contacts (not shown in the figures), the closure of which forms a signal that goes to the keyboard processor, and then to the system unit of the computer with which " mini-keyboard ”is connected by cable (10) via USB-connector (11).

The cross-body (1) by means of an axial connection (6) is movably rotatably connected to a circular platform (5) made of plastic located below its lower part, the diameter of which is 60-80% of the external size of the cross-body (1), and the thickness is 4-7 mm.

A strap (7) is rigidly fixed to the bottom of the platform (5), designed to fix the device to the patient’s wrist. The fastening of the strap (7) with the device on the patient’s wrist is carried out by means of Velcro tape (8) located at the ends of the strap (7).

The strap (7) may be made of flexible plastic or fabric material.

Connecting a “mini-keyboard" to the system unit of a computer can be done via cable or wirelessly.

Work with the device "Mini-keyboard for classes to restore spatial perception in bed patients of a neurological clinic" is as follows.

Before the start of each lesson on the restoration of spatial perception, the specialist installs a “mini-keyboard” (see Fig. 3) on the patient’s left hand (or hand with impaired movement) so that the patient can use the fingers of a healthy hand to press the control and central keys (2 and 3 ) and function buttons (4). Fastening the “mini-keyboard" on the patient’s hand is carried out using Velcro tape (8) located at the edges of the strap (7).

To ensure the convenience of pressing the control keys (2) of the “mini-keyboard”, the housing-cross (1) can be rotated in an axial connection (6) relative to the platform (5) by a certain angle.

Next, the specialist connects the “mini-keyboard” to the system unit of the computer using a cable (10) with a USB connector (11) and using the computer mouse connected to the system unit, installs the “mini-keyboard” driver program on the computer, which ensures its interaction with computer operating system.

Installation of a computer monitor in front of the patient is carried out in such a way that the patient, being in a comfortable lying position, can clearly see the monitor screen. Along with computer monitors, various types of modern TVs can be used in working with the “mini-keyboard”, which can be connected to the system unit of the computer as monitors.

For practical work with the “mini-keyboard" two main types of computer programs are used:

1. Computer programs that form various types of virtual spaces, for example, the interior spaces of a room, buildings or underwater depths of the ocean, where the patient can freely move around without any difficulty using the control keys (2) of the “mini-keyboard”. In this case, two types of exercises are used: a) free movement in this virtual space in accordance with the desire of the patient; b) movement in accordance with the instructions of a specialist, indicating to the patient which direction he should turn.

2. Computer simulation programs that generate any type of transport (car, plane, etc.) or a person who can move in the corresponding virtual space. These computer programs are used in the later stages of restoration of spatial perception, since when moving through their virtual space there are various obstacles that the patient must overcome. So, for example, when using a car driving stimulator program, the movement is carried out along a virtual highway with various turns and oncoming cars that the patient must go around.

After completing the lesson, the specialist removes the “mini-keyboard” from the patient’s hand, closes the computer program used by the computer mouse, and turns off the computer.

After mastering the work using the “mini-keyboard” under the guidance of a specialist, the patient proceeds to independent studies, the general supervision of which is carried out by a specialist, and the direct monitoring and assistance to the patient - by nursing staff.

Along with the use of the “mini-keyboard” for classes to restore spatial perception, it can also be used for classes to restore a number of other mental functions: visual perception, visual and verbal memory, etc. This feature is provided due to the design features of the device, allowing through control keys (2) with arrows (9) it is easy to control the mouse cursor by moving it along the group of stimuli (words, images) presented on the computer monitor, among which there are more He must select the one in accordance with the received task, and then fix his choice by pressing the center key (3).

Thus, the “Mini-keyboard for classes on restoring spatial perception in bedridden patients of a neurological clinic” helps to increase the efficiency of the process of restoring impaired spatial perception in the early stages of rehabilitation training, providing the patient with the possibility of realizing movement in the virtual space of a computer monitor.

The simplicity and convenience of working with the “mini-keyboard” is ensured by its structural elements, which eliminate the need to hold the device in hands by fixing it on the wrist of one of the hands, providing quick development of the “mini-keyboard” by placing control keys in accordance with natural arrangement of spatial components (top-bottom, left-right), as well as providing ease of finding control keys to the touch.

Along with classes to restore spatial perception, the proposed device can be used during the restoration of a number of other disturbed mental functions.

Claims (8)

1. Mini-keyboard for classes on the restoration of spatial perception in bed patients of a neurological clinic, comprising a case with keys, characterized in that its case is made in the form of a cross-made case made of plastic, having a thickness of 15-25 mm and external dimensions from 60 × 60 mm with a width of the ends of about 20 mm to 90 × 90 mm with a width of the ends of about 30 mm, while on each of the four ends of the cross-body there are niches in which four square-shaped control keys are mounted, on each of which are directed convex arrows pointing in different directions, the color of which differs from the color of the control keys, and in the center of the cross-body there is a niche in which a central key is mounted, having a shape and size similar to the control keys, also in each of the corners of the cross-body there are platforms, containing niches in which four functional buttons of the same size are mounted, and inside the cross-case there is a niche in which a keyboard processor is mounted electrically connected to the metal contacts of the four controls the keys and the center key, metal contacts of the four function buttons, as well as a cable with a USB connector, while the cross-body, through an axial connection, is movably rotatably connected to the circular platform located underneath its lower part, to the lower part of which the strap is rigidly fixed. 2. The mini-keyboard according to claim 1, characterized in that the sizes of the control keys are determined based on the sizes of the ends of the cross-body. 3. The mini-keyboard according to claim 1, characterized in that the center key has a shape and size similar to the control keys. 4. The mini-keyboard according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the platform is 60-80% of the external size of the cross-body, and the thickness is 4-7 mm. 5. The mini-keyboard according to claim 1, characterized in that the strap can be made of flexible plastic or fabric material. 6. The mini-keyboard according to claim 1, characterized in that the Velcro tape is located at the ends of the strap. 7. The mini-keyboard according to claim 1, characterized in that the keyboard processor is connected via a cable with a USB connector to the system unit of the computer. 8. The mini-keyboard according to claim 1, characterized in that the keyboard processor can be connected to the computer system unit via wireless communication.

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