RU128461U1 - DEVICE FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF LIQUIDS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for heat treatment of liquids containing a spray chamber (2), equipped with a pneumatic nozzle (3), a container (1) for the liquid to be treated, connected to the nozzle (3) through a pipe (7) on which a pump (8) is installed for supplying the processed fluid to the spray chamber (2), and the reservoir (4) for the working gas inert with respect to the processed fluid, connected to the nozzle (3) by means of a pipeline (9) on which the working gas heater (11) is installed. 2. The device according to claim 1, additionally containing at least one container (5, 6) for collecting the treated liquid, connected to the spray chamber (2). The device according to claim 1, in which the diameter of the nozzle of the pneumatic nozzle (3) is not more than 0.5 mm. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a gas pressure adjustment valve mounted on a pipeline (9) connecting the working gas reservoir (4) and the nozzle (3) .5. The device according to claim 1, configured to reduce the pressure of the liquid product when spraying at a rate of at least 10 Pa / s. The device according to claim 1, made with the possibility of heating the processed fluid to a temperature of not more than 60 ° C for no more than 5 s.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for the heat treatment of liquid media or products and can be used in the medical and food industry for the treatment of biomedical fluids and liquid food products in order to deactivate microorganisms.

The prior art device for the heat treatment of liquid food products in order to destroy harmful microorganisms by directly mixing the product with a heating medium under conditions of heating with condensing steam at a speed of at least 1400 ° C / s for pasteurization and at least 7600 ° C / s for sterilization up to temperature not exceeding the temperature of qualitative changes in the liquid product. In this case, the liquid product is sprayed to a droplet diameter of not more than 0.3 mm (see RU 2052967 C1, A23L 3/16, 01/27/1996). The device provides highly efficient heat treatment of liquid products with high quality indicators due to the fact that the rate of temperature change (high-speed short-term heat stroke), at which the pasteurization / sterilization effect for a particular liquid product is achieved at a lower temperature not exceeding the temperature of high-quality ones, is a damaging factor for microorganisms changes in it. The device is implemented in a pasteurizer, which contains a pasteurized liquid product atomizer, a pasteurization chamber, a nozzle apparatus for supplying steam, a steam generator, a cooling chamber (cooler) and a vacuum pump.

The disadvantage of this device is the dilution of the product with condensate, which affects the organoleptic and physico-chemical stability of the processed liquid products and does not guarantee the necessary microbiological stability in relation to stable forms of microorganisms.

The closest in technical essence is a device for heat treatment of liquid products by direct mixing with a heating medium under heating conditions at a speed of not more than 1100 ° C / s to a temperature that does not cause qualitative changes in the product (RU 2277834, A23L 3/16, 20.06. 2006). The rate of change of pressure for a liquid product when spraying is at least 10 ⁹ Pa / s, and the droplet speed is at least 10 m / s. Heating is carried out under low pressure conditions with unsaturated steam, which is supplied in the same direction. A device for implementing the method of heat treatment of liquid products consists of a chamber with a spray, a steam generator, a cooling chamber and a vacuum pump, and further includes a superheater, and the chamber with a spray additionally contains a vacuum control unit that maintains the pressure at 0.25 Pa.

However, this device also does not exclude the possibility of dilution of the product with condensate, which affects the physico-chemical properties of liquid medical environments and organoleptic characteristics of food products. In this case, the device includes a vacuum pump and a vacuum control unit, which are expensive elements.

The objective of the utility model is to create a cheap highly efficient device for heat treatment of liquids, providing their microbiological, physico-chemical and organoleptic stability and completely eliminating their dilution.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the degree of deactivation of microorganisms of the treated liquid while maintaining the stability of its quality indicators.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the device for heat treatment of liquids contains a spray chamber equipped with a pneumatic nozzle, a container for the liquid to be processed, connected to the nozzle by means of a pipeline on which a pump for supplying liquid to the spray chamber is installed, and a working gas reservoir, inert with respect to the fluid being treated, connected to the nozzle by means of a pipeline on which the working gas heater is installed.

In addition, the specified technical result is achieved in private options for implementing the utility model due to the fact that:

- the device further comprises at least one container for collecting the treated liquid connected to the spray chamber,

- the diameter of the nozzle of the pneumatic nozzle is not more than 0.5 mm,

- the device further comprises a gas pressure adjustment valve mounted on a pipeline connecting the working gas reservoir and the nozzle,

- the device is configured to reduce the pressure of the liquid product when spraying at a speed of not less than 10 ⁹ Pa / s,

- the device is configured to heat the processed fluid to a temperature of not more than 60 ° C for no more than 5 s.

The use of a pneumatic nozzle into which the fluid to be treated and the heated inert working gas is supplied can significantly increase the degree of deactivation of microorganisms in the liquid while maintaining the stability of its qualitative indicators (organoleptic, physicochemical, and other properties). This advantage is achieved due to the synergistic effect, which consists in combining a sharp change in fluid pressure (towards lower pressure) during its atomization by the nozzle and short-term heating of the liquid in the nozzle. These factors are due to the design of the proposed device.

The use of a heated working gas inert with respect to the liquid being processed, together with the structural elements of the device, allows creating conditions under which there is no dilution of the liquid product, and, therefore, there is no need for its subsequent removal, associated with additional technological difficulties and energy consumption (placement of vacuum pump and cooling chamber, etc.).

In addition, the additional inclusion in the device of the pump for supplying the processed fluid provides an adjustment of the speed of its supply to the pneumatic nozzle.

The claimed device is schematically shown in figure 1.

The device comprises a container 1 for the liquid to be treated (liquid product), a spray chamber 2, equipped with a pneumatic nozzle 3 for spraying the liquid, a reservoir 4 for the working gas inert with respect to the liquid to be treated, and, if necessary, at least one container (5, 6 ) to collect the treated fluid, connected to the spray chamber 2. The tank 1 is connected to the nozzle 3 by means of a pipe 7 on which a pump 8 is installed for supplying the treated fluid to the spray chamber 2. Soybean working tank 4 dinene with nozzle 3 by pipeline 9, on which a pressure control valve 10 and a gas heater 11 are installed.

The diameter of the pneumatic nozzle is preferably not more than 0.5 mm.

Moreover, the design of the device should preferably provide a change (decrease) in product pressure during the spraying process at a speed of at least 10 ⁹ Pa / s, as well as heating the treated liquid to a temperature of not more than 60 ° C for no more than 5 seconds. This mode of operation of the device provides the best conditions for the decontamination of microorganisms in a liquid product. However, the achievement of a technical result is possible with other modes of operation.

The device operates as follows.

The processed liquid from the tank 1 is pumped through a pipe 7 into the inner cylindrical part of the pneumatic nozzle 3 at a temperature of 20 ° C. At the same time, working gas is supplied from the reservoir 4 through the pipeline 9 to the outer cylinder of the pneumatic nozzle 3, which is preheated in the heater 11, and the flow gas is regulated by the valve 10. In the pneumatic nozzle 3 is a short-term heating of the treated fluid with gas and its atomization. In this case, the liquid is heated to a temperature that does not cause qualitative changes in it, which is regulated by the rate of passage of the liquid through the nozzle, as well as by the flow rate and temperature of the gas. The liquid is sprayed through the nozzle 3, preferably at a rate of change (decrease) in its pressure during the passage of the nozzle of the nozzle 3 of at least 10 ⁹ Pa / s and the speed of the sprayed droplets of at least 10 m / s. The diameter of the droplets formed in this case is not more than 0.05 mm. The sprayed liquid is rapidly cooled in the chamber 2 and enters the containers 5 and 6 for the treated liquid.

The device can operate at atmospheric pressure. Pressure drop (decrease) during spraying in a pneumatic nozzle is a natural process and does not require the creation of high pressure when supplying liquid.

Example 1

The liquid blood plasma located in the tank 1 at a temperature of 20 ° C is pumped 8 to the inner cylindrical part of the pneumatic nozzle 3. The pressure at the outlet of the pump 8 is 2 atm. Argon is supplied from the cylinder (tank 4) with gaseous argon, the flow rate of which is controlled by the valve 10, through the gas heater 11 to the outer part of the pneumatic nozzle 3 at a temperature of 100 ° C and a pressure of 5 atm. The diameter of the outlet nozzle of the pneumatic nozzle is 0.3 mm. The average diameter of the droplets of the liquid product that are formed when it is sprayed is about 0.04 mm. The processing speed is 0.1 l / h. The rate of change (decrease) in pressure for blood plasma during spraying as a result of the passage of the nozzle of the nozzle 3 is 0.5-10 ⁸ Pa / sec. The product heated in the nozzle 3 has a temperature of 55 ° C and after spraying it quickly cools in chamber 2 to 20 ° C for 3 seconds. and sent to the prefabricated containers 5 and 6.

The results of the processing of blood plasma with a culture of E. coli are shown in table 1.

Table 1. Microorganism groups E.coli before treatment E.coli after treatment The content in 1 ml of blood plasma 3.9 × 10 ⁷ 0

Example 2

The method was carried out as described in example 1, however, fresh milk was used as the liquid product.

The results of microbiological studies of milk samples before and after heat treatment, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method and device are presented in table 2.

table 2 Results of a microbiological study of fresh milk Groups of microorganisms CFU in 1 ml Before processing After processing BGKP 6 0 Bacteria 3.6 × 10 ³ 0 KMAFAnM 4.2 × 10 ⁴ 8.7 × 10 ²

The above examples do not cover the entire scope of the claimed utility model, which can also be used for heat treatment and other liquid products (media), in particular biomedical liquid media such as blood products and preparations, vaccines, blood plasma, etc. .

The proposed device allows you to process various liquids while maintaining the necessary microbiological, physico-chemical and organoleptic properties, which allows to increase, in particular, the shelf life of the liquid. This ensures an increase in the efficiency of heat treatment, in particular, an increase in the level of deactivation of microorganisms while maintaining the composition and useful properties of the liquid product at the level of the composition and properties of the initial one, which is especially important in the processing of blood products and preparations, as well as in the industrial production of liquid food products.

Claims (6)

1. Device for heat treatment of liquids, containing a spray chamber (2), equipped with a pneumatic nozzle (3), a container (1) for the liquid to be treated, connected to the nozzle (3) by means of a pipeline (7) on which a pump (8) is installed for supplying the treated fluid to the spray chamber (2), and a reservoir (4) for the working gas inert with respect to the treated fluid, connected to the nozzle (3) by means of a pipe (9) on which the working gas heater (11) is installed. 2. The device according to claim 1, additionally containing at least one container (5, 6) for collecting the treated liquid connected to the spray chamber (2). 3. The device according to claim 1, in which the diameter of the nozzle of the pneumatic nozzle (3) is not more than 0.5 mm. 4. The device according to claim 1, additionally containing a gas pressure adjustment valve mounted on a pipeline (9) connecting the working gas reservoir (4) and the nozzle (3). 5. The device according to claim 1, made with the possibility of reducing the pressure of the liquid product when spraying at a speed of not less than 10 ⁹ Pa / s. 6. The device according to claim 1, made with the possibility of heating the processed fluid to a temperature of not more than 60 ° C for no more than 5 s.

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