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PT1302468E - Processos e intermediários para o fabrico de compostos inibidores de protease retroviral - Google Patents

Processos e intermediários para o fabrico de compostos inibidores de protease retroviral Download PDF

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Publication number
PT1302468E
PT1302468E PT02079949T PT02079949T PT1302468E PT 1302468 E PT1302468 E PT 1302468E PT 02079949 T PT02079949 T PT 02079949T PT 02079949 T PT02079949 T PT 02079949T PT 1302468 E PT1302468 E PT 1302468E
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Portugal
Prior art keywords
compound
amino
reverse transcriptase
solution
combination according
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PT02079949T
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English (en)
Inventor
Arthur J Cooper
Anthony R Haight
Dale J Kempf
Chen Zhao
Thomas J Sowin
Daniel W Norbeck
Hing Leung Sham
Daniel S Reno
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Abbott Lab
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Application filed by Abbott Lab filed Critical Abbott Lab
Publication of PT1302468E publication Critical patent/PT1302468E/pt

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    • C07D413/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D413/02Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D413/12Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
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    • A61K31/41Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
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Description

ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ DESCRIÇÃO "Processos e intermediários para o fabrico de compostos inibidores de protease retroviral"
Campo técnico 0 presente invento refere-se a um novo composto de combinação e à sua utilização para inibir proteases retrovirais, em particular para inibir a protease do vírus da imunodeficiência humana (VIH).
Antecedentes do invento
Os retrovírus são aqueles vírus que utilizam um intermediário de ácido ribonucleico (ARN) e uma polimerase do ácido desoxirribonucleico (ADN) dependente de ARN, a transcriptase inversa, durante o seu ciclo de vida. Os retrovírus incluem, embora não estejam limitados a estes, os vírus de ARN da família Retroviridae e também os vírus de ADN das famílias dos Hepadnavírus e Caulimovírus. Os retrovírus originam uma variedade de estados de doença no homem, nos animais e nas plantas. Alguns dos retrovírus mais importantes, de um ponto de vista patológico, incluem os vírus da imunodeficiência humana (VIH-1 e VIH-2), que provocam a síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (SIDA) no homem, o vírus da hepatite B, que origina a hepatite e os carcinomas hepáticos no homem, os vírus linfotróficos das células T humanas dos tipos I, II, IV e V, que provocam a leucemia aguda de células T humanas, e os vírus da leucemia bovina e felina, que causam a leucemia nos animais domésticos.
As proteases são enzimas que clivam as proteínas ao nível de ligações peptídicas específicas. Muitas funções biológicas são controladas ou mediadas por proteases e pelos respectivos inibidores de proteases complementares. Por exemplo, a protease renina cliva o péptido angiotensinogénio para produzir o péptido angiotensina I. A angiotensina I é adicionalmente clivada pela protease enzima conversora da angiotensina (ECA) para formar o péptido hipotensivo angiotensina II. É sabido que os inibidores da renina e da 2 ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ ECA reduzem a pressão arterial elevada in vivo. Um inibidor de uma protease retroviral proporcionará um agente terapêutico para doenças causadas pelo retrovirus.
Os genomas dos retrovirus codificam uma protease que é responsável pelo processamento proteolítico de um ou mais precursores de poliproteínas, como sejam os produtos dos genes pol e gag. Ver Wellink, Arch. Virol. 98, 1 (1988). Mais habitualmente, as proteases retrovirais processam o precursor gag em proteínas do núcleo e também processam o precursor pol em transcriptase inversa e protease retroviral. Adicionalmente, as proteases retrovirais são específicas em termos de sequência. Ver Pearl, Nature 328, 482 (1987) . 0 correcto processamento das poliproteínas precursoras pela protease retroviral é necessário para a montagem dos viriões infecciosos. Foi demonstrado que a mutagénese in vitro que produz vírus deficientes ao nível da protease conduz à produção de formas imaturas do núcleo que não possuem infecciosidade. Ver Crawford, J. Virol. 53, 899 (1985); Katoh et al., Virology 145, 280 (1985). Desta forma, a inibição das proteases retrovirais proporciona um alvo atraente para a terapia antiviral. Ver Mitsuya, Nature 325, 775 (1987) .
Os tratamentos actuais para as doenças virais envolvem geralmente a administração de compostos que inibem a síntese do ADN virai. Os tratamentos actuais para a SIDA envolvem a administração de compostos como 3'-azido-3'-desoxitimidina (AZT), 2', 3'-didesoxicitidina (DDC) e 2', 3’-didesoxiinosina (DDI) e de compostos que tratam as infecções oportunistas causadas pela imunossupressão resultante da infecção pelo VIH. Nenhum dos actuais tratamentos da SIDA se revelou totalmente eficaz no tratamento e/ou na reversão da doença. Além disso, muitos dos compostos actualmente utilizados para tratar a SIDA originam efeitos secundários adversos, incluindo uma baixa contagem de plaquetas, uma toxicidade renal e uma citopenia da medula óssea. EP-A-0486948 refere-se a um composto inibidor de protease retroviral e a uma composição e um método para inibir uma protease retroviral e para tratar uma infecção 3 ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ pelo VIH. Processos e intermediários úteis para a preparação dos inibidores de protease retroviral são também descritos.
Descrição do invento
De acordo com o presente invento, existe uma combinação de um composto, que é o (2S, 3S, 5S)-5-(N-(N-((N-metil-N-((2-isopropil-4-tiazolil)metil)amino)carbonil)valinil)amino)-2-(N—((5-tiazolil)metoxicarbonil)amino)-1,6-difenil-3-hidroxi-hexano ou um seu sal f armaceut icamente aceitável, e de um inibidor da transcriptase inversa. 0 composto do invento compreende centros assimetricamente substituídos (isto é, átomos de carbono assimetricamente substituídos). Os termos configuração "S" e "R" são tal como definidos pelas recomendações da IUPAC de 1974 para a Secção E, Estereoquímica Fundamental, Pure Appl. Chem. (1976) 45, 13-30.
Os termos "Vai" e "Ala", tal como aqui utilizados, referem-se a valina e a alanina, respectivamente. Excepto indicação em contrário, quando os termos "Vai" e "Ala" são aqui utilizados, eles referem-se ao isómero L. Em geral, as abreviaturas dos aminoácidos aqui utilizadas seguem as indicações da comissão conjunta da IUPAC-IUB sobre nomenclatura bioquímica para aminoácidos e péptidos (Eur. J. Biochem. 1984, 158, 9-31). O exemplo seguinte servirá para ilustrar a preparação do novo composto do invento.
Exemplo 1 A. N-(((Benzil)oxi)carbonil)-L-fenilalaninal.
Uma solução de 24,5 ml de dimetilsulfóxido anidro em 870 ml de diclorometano anidro foi arrefecida, sob atmosfera de N2, para -60°C e tratada, ao longo de um período de 15 min, com 131 ml de uma solução de cloreto de oxalilo 2M em diclorometano, de modo que a temperatura interna permanecesse abaixo de -50°C. Após a adição, a solução foi agitada a -60°C durante 15 min e tratada, ao longo de um período de 20 min, 4 ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ com uma solução de 50 g (0,175 moles) de N-(((benzil)oxi)-carbonil)-L-fenilalaninol em 200 ml de diclorometano. A solução resultante foi agitada a -60°C durante lhe, em seguida, foi tratada, ao longo de um período de 15 min, com 97 ml de trietilamina, de forma que a temperatura interna permanecesse abaixo de -50°C. Após a adição, a solução foi agitada a -60 °C durante 15 min e depois, com o banho de arrefecimento em posição, foi tratada rapidamente (ao longo de um período de 1 min) com uma solução de 163 g de ácido cítrico em 550 ml de água. A pasta resultante foi agitada vigorosamente durante 10 min, deixada aquecer, diluída para 1 1 com água e separada. A camada orgânica foi lavada com 700 ml de água, seguidos de uma mistura de 550 ml de água e 150 ml de solução aquosa saturada de NaHCCR, seca com MgS04 e concentrada sob vácuo a 20°C, para fornecer o composto bruto desejado sob a forma de um sólido amarelo claro.
B. (2S,3R,4R,5S)-2,5-Bis-(N-(((benzil)oxi)carbonil)-amino) 3,4-di-hidroxi-l,6-difenil-hexano e (2S,3S,4S,5S)-2,5-bis-(N (((benzil)oxi)carbonil)amino)-3,4-di-hidroxi-l,6-difenil-hexano.
Uma suspensão de 78,5 g de VCI3- (tetra-hidrofurano) 3 e 16 g de pó de zinco em 400 ml de diclorometano seco foi agitada, sob atmosfera de N2, durante lha 25°C. Uma solução de 0,175 moles de N-(((benzil)oxi)carbonil)-L-fenilalaninal em 200 ml de diclorometano foi depois adicionada numa porção, e a mistura resultante foi agitada à temperatura ambiente, sob atmosfera de N2, durante 16 h. A mistura resultante foi adicionada a 500 ml de HC1 1M aquoso, diluída com 500 ml de clorofórmio quente e agitada vigorosamente durante 2 min. As camadas foram separadas, e a camada orgânica foi lavada com HC1 1M aquoso e separada. A filtração da fase orgânica forneceu o produto bruto desejado sob a forma de um resíduo sólido. O resíduo foi transformado em pasta com 1,25 1 de acetona, tratado com 5 ml de H2S04 concentrado e agitado durante 16 h à temperatura ambiente. A mistura resultante foi filtrada, e o resíduo (resíduo A) foi lavado com 50 ml de acetona. O filtrado combinado foi concentrado para um volume de 250 ml, diluído com 1000 ml de diclorometano, lavado três vezes com água e uma vez com salmoura saturada, seco com MgS04 e concentrado para fornecer um óleo viscoso. O óleo foi recuperado em 1000 ml de HC1 1M em metanol (preparado a 5 ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ partir de 71 ml de cloreto de acetilo e 1000 ml de metanol) e agitado à temperatura ambiente durante 2 h. O precipitado resultante foi filtrado, lavado com metanol e seco ao ar, no filtro, para fornecer 26,7 g do composto desejado sob a forma de um sólido branco. O filtrado foi concentrado e filtrado para fornecer um segundo lote (8,3 g) de (2S,3R,4R,5S)-2,5-bis-(N-(((benzil)oxi)carbonil)amino)-3,4-di-hidroxi-l, 6-difenil-hexano. 1H-RMN (d6-DMSO) δ 2,59 (dd, J= 13, 5 Hz, 2H); 2,74 (dd, J= 13, 9 Hz, 2H); 3,26 (br, 2H); 4,19 (m, 2H); 4,54 (m, 2H) ; 4,92 (m, 4H) ; 6,82 (d, J= 9 Hz, 2H) ; 7,0-7,35 (m, 20H). Espectro de massa: (M + H)+ = 569. O resíduo A (acima; 2,65 g) foi suspenso em 75 ml de tetra-hidrofurano (THF) e 75 ml de HC1 1M aquoso e aquecido ao refluxo durante 24 h. Após concentração da solução resultante sob vácuo, o resíduo foi recuperado em metanol a 10% em clorofórmio, lavado duas vezes com água, seco com Na2S04 e concentrado sob vácuo para fornecer (2S,3S,4S,5S)- 2.5- bis-(N-(((benzil)oxi)carbonil)amino)-3,4-di-hidroxi-l,6- difenil-hexano sob a forma de um sólido branco. 1H-RMN (de-DMSO) δ 2,64 (m, 2H) ; 3,04 (m, 2H) ; 3,49 (m, 2H) ; 3,78 (m, 2H) ; 4,70 (d, J= 7 Hz, 2H) ; 4,93 (AA', 4H) ; 7,1-7,4 (m, 20H). Espectro de massa: (M + H)+ = 569. C. (2S,3R,4S,5S)-3-Acetoxi-2,5-bis-(N-(((benzil)oxi) - carbonil)amino)-3-bromo-1,6-difenil-hexano.
Uma suspensão de 25 g (44 mmoles) de (2S, 3R, 4R, 5S)-2,5-bis-(N-(((benzil)oxi)carbonil)amino)-3,4-di-hidroxi-l,6-difenil-hexano em 500 ml de diclorometano:hexano 2:1 foi tratada com 23 g de brometo de α-acetoxiisobutirilo. A mistura resultante foi agitada à temperatura ambiente até a reacção sofrer clarificação, lavada com duas porções de 200 ml de solução aquosa saturada de NaHCCh, seca com MgS04 e concentrada sob vácuo para fornecer 30,8 g do composto bruto desejado. Uma porção foi purificada por cromatografia em gel de sílica, utilizando diclorometano:acetato de etilo 9:1, para fornecer o composto puro desejado sob a forma de um sólido branco. ^-RMN (CDC13) δ 2,21 (s, 3H) ; 2,62 (dd, J= 13, 11 Hz, 1H); 2,75 (d, J= 7 Hz, 2H); 2,95 (br d, J= 15 Hz, 1H); 4,03 (br t, J= 10 Hz, 1H) ; 4,40 (br d, J= 10 Hz, 1H) ; 4.6- 5,0 (m, 6H); 5,12 (br d, J= 13 Hz, 1H); 5,33 (br d, J= 11 6 ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ
Hz, 1Η) ; 7,0-7,4 (m, 10Η). Espectro de massa: (Μ + NH4)+ = 6 9 0, 6 9 2 . D. (2S,3R,4R,5S)-2,5-Bis-(N-(((benzil)oxi)carbonil)-amino)-3,4-epoxi-l,6-difenil-hexano.
Uma solução de 35,56 g (52,8 mmoles) de (2S,3R,4S,5S)-3-acetoxi-2,5-bis-(N-(((benzil)oxi)carbonil)amino)-3-bromo-l,6-difenil-hexano em 375 ml de dioxano foi tratada com 255 ml de hidróxido de sódio aquoso IN e agitada à temperatura ambiente durante 16 h, período durante o qual o composto desejado precipitou. A mistura resultante foi filtrada, e o resíduo foi lavado com água e seco para proporcionar 22,23 g (76%) do composto desejado sob a forma de um sólido branco. ^-RMN (CDC13) δ 2,7-2,9 (m, 6H) ; 3,9-4,0 (m, 2H) ; 4,6-4,7 (m, 2H) ; 5,03 (m, 4H); 7,1-7,4 (m, 10H). E. (2S,3S,5S)-2,5-Bis-(N-(((benzil)oxi)carbonil)amino)-1,6-difenil-3-hidroxi-hexano.
Uma mistura de 39,2 g (71,2 mmoles) de (2 S,3R,4R,5S)-2,5-bis-(N-(((benzil)oxi)carbonil)amino)-3,4-epoxi-l, 6-difenil-hexano em 600 ml de THF foi tratada, sob atmosfera de N2, com 13 g (0,36 moles) de boro-hidreto de sódio. A mistura resultante foi tratada, gota a gota, com 27,7 ml (0,36 moles) de ácido trifluoroacético. Após agitação durante 3,5 h à temperatura ambiente, a mistura resultante foi parada com HC1 IN aquoso, diluída com água e agitada durante 16 h. A mistura resultante foi filtrada, lavada com água e seca para fornecer 22,85 g (58%) do composto desejado sob a forma de um sólido branco. F. (2S,3S,5S)-2,5-Diamino-l,6-difeni1-3-hidroxi-hexano.
Uma suspensão de 32 g do composto bruto resultante do Exemplo 1E e 55,5 g (176 mmoles) de hidróxido de bário octa-hidratado em 400 ml de 1,4-dioxano e 400 ml de água foi aquecida ao refluxo durante 4 h. A mistura resultante foi filtrada, e o resíduo foi enxaguado com dioxano. Os filtrados combinados foram concentrados para um volume de aproximadamente 200 ml e extraídos com quatro porções de 400 ml de clorofórmio. As camadas orgânicas combinadas foram 7 ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ secas com Na2S04, filtradas e concentradas sob vácuo. O resíduo foi purificado por cromatografia em gel de sílica, utilizando primeiro isopropilamina a 2% em clorofórmio e depois isopropilamina a 2%/metanol a 2% em clorofórmio, para fornecer 10,1 g (81%) do composto puro desejado sob a forma de um sólido branco. 1H-RMN (CDC13) δ 1,54 (dt, J= 14, 10 Hz, 1H); 1,67 (dt, J= 14, 3 Hz, 1H); 2,50 (dd, J= 13, 8 Hz, 1H); 2,58 (dd, J= 13, 8 Hz, 1H); 2,8 (m, 2H); 2,91 (dd, J= 13, 5
Hz, 1H) ; 3,10 (m, 1H) ; 3,72 (ddd, J= 11, 3, 2 Hz, 1H) ; 7,1- 7,4 (m, 10H). Espectro de massa: (M + H)+ = 285. G. (4S,6S,l'S)-6-(l-Amino-2-feniletil)-4-benzil-2-fenil-3-aza-2-bora-l-oxaciclo-hexano.
Uma solução de 131 g (460 mmoles) de (2S, 3S, 5S) -2,5-diamino-1,6-difenil-3-hidroxi-hexano em 1,2 1 de tolueno foi tratada, sob atmosfera de N2, com 56,16 g (460 mmoles) de ácido fenilbórico. A solução resultante foi aquecida ao refluxo (temperatura do banho de 135°C), a água foi removida azeotropicamente com a ajuda de uma armadilha de Dean-Stark até o destilado estar límpido, e a quantidade teórica de água (15,6 ml) foi recolhida (cerca de 1,5 h). Após arrefecimento, a solução foi concentrada sob vácuo para fornecer 176 g do composto bruto desejado sob a forma de uma resina. ^-RMN (CDC13) δ 7,59 (m, 2H); 7, 47-7, 07 (m, 13H) ; 3,92 (m, 1H) ; 3,78 (s br, 1H); 3,52 (m, 1H); 3,50 (m, 2H); 2,87 (dd, 1H, J= 13,5; 5,7 Hz); 2,72 (m, 1H); 2,58 (dd, 1H, J= 13,5; 8,7 Hz); 1,92 (m, 1H) ; 1,68 (m, 1H) ; 1,60-1,30 (s muito largo, 2H) . CIMS m/z 371 (Μ + H). H. Tioformamida.
Num balão de fundo redondo de 2 1 com três tubuladuras arrefecido (0°C), equipado com um agitador suspenso e contendo uma solução de formamida (30,5 ml; 0,76 moles) em 1 1 de éter dietílico, introduziram-se 89 g (0,19 moles) de penta-sulfureto de fósforo em pequenas porções. Permitiu-se que a mistura reaccional aquecesse até à temperatura ambiente, agitou-se durante 2 h, filtrou-se e concentrou-se sob vácuo para obter a tioformamida sob a forma de um óleo amarelo de cheiro ofensivo, que foi utilizado sem purificação. 8 ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ I. 2-Cloro-2-formilacetato de etilo.
Num balão de fundo redondo de 2 1 com três tubuladuras, contendo t-butóxido de potássio (0,5 moles; 500 ml de uma solução 1M em THF) e 500 ml de THF seco arrefecido para 0°C, adicionou-se, gota a gota e utilizando um funil de adição, uma solução de cloroacetato de etilo (0,5 moles; 53,5 ml) e formato de etilo (0,5 moles; 40,4 ml) em 200 ml de THF ao longo de 3 h. Após terminar a adição, a mistura reaccional foi agitada durante 1 h, permitindo-se gue repousasse durante a noite. O sólido resultante foi diluído com éter dietílico e arrefecido num banho de gelo. Em seguida, o pH foi reduzido para aproximadamente 3, utilizando HC1 6N. A fase orgânica foi separada, e a camada aguosa foi lavada 3 vezes com éter dietílico. As porções etéreas combinadas foram secas com Na2SC>4 e concentradas sob vácuo. O composto bruto desejado foi armazenado a -30°C e utilizado sem purificação adicional. J. Tiazole-5-carboxilato de etilo.
Num balão de fundo redondo introduziram-se 250 ml de acetona seca, 7,5 g (0,123 moles) de tioformamida e 18,54 g (0,123 moles) de 2-cloro-2-formilacetato de etilo. A reacção foi aquecida ao refluxo durante 2 h. O solvente foi removido sob vácuo, e o resíduo foi purificado por cromatografia (SÍO2; coluna com diâmetro externo de 6 cm; 100% CHCI3; Rf = 0,25) para fornecer 11,6 g (60%) do composto desejado sob a forma de um óleo amarelo claro. RMN (CDCI3) δ 1,39 (t, J= 7
Hz, 3H); 4,38 (q, J= 7 Hz, 2H); 8,50 (s, 1H); 8,95 (s, 1H). K. 5-(Hidroximetil)tiazole.
Num balão de 500 ml com três tubuladuras pré-arrefecido (banho de gelo), contendo hidreto de alumínio e lítio (76 mmoles) em 250 ml de THF, introduziu-se tiazole-5-carboxilato de etilo (11,82 g; 75, 68 mmoles) em 100 ml de THF, gota a gota, ao longo de 1,5 h para evitar um excesso de espuma. A reacção foi agitada durante uma hora adicional e tratada cuidadosamente com 2,9 ml de água; 2,9 ml de NaOH a 15% e 8,7 ml de água. Os sais sólidos foram filtrados, e o filtrado foi colocado de lado. Os sais brutos foram aquecidos ao refluxo em 100 ml de acetato de etilo durante 30 min. A mistura 9 ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ resultante foi filtrada, e os dois filtrados foram combinados, secos com Na2S04 e concentrados sob vácuo. O produto foi purificado por cromatografia em gel de sílica, eluindo sequencialmente com metanol a 0% - 2% - 4% em clorofórmio, para fornecer o composto desejado, Rf = 0,3 (metanol a 4% em clorofórmio), que solidificou após repouso com um rendimento de 75%. RMN (CDCI3) δ 4,92 (s, 2H) ; 7,78 (s, 1H); 8,77 (s, 1H). Espectro de massa: (M + H)+ = 116. L. ((5-Tiazolil)metil)-(4-nitrofenil)carbonato.
Uma solução de 3,11 g (27 mmoles) de 5-(hidroxi-metil) tiazole e um excesso de N-metilmorf olina em 100 ml de cloreto de metileno foi arrefecida para 0°C e tratada com 8,2 g (41 mmoles) de cloroformato de 4-nitrofenilo. Após agitação durante 1 h, a mistura reaccional foi diluída com CHCI3, lavada sucessivamente com HC1 IN, solução aquosa saturada de NaHCCg e salmoura saturada, seca com Na2S04 e concentrada sob vácuo. O resíduo foi purificado por cromatografia em gel de sílica (Si02; MeOH a l-2%/CHCl3; Rf = 0,5 em MeOH a 4%/CHCl3) para fornecer 5,9 g (78%) do composto desejado sob a forma de um sólido amarelo. RMN (CDCI3) δ 5,53 (s, 2H); 7,39 (dt, J= 9, 3 Hz, 2H) ; 8,01 (s, 1H) ; 8,29 (dt, J= 9, 3 Hz, 2H) ; 8,90 (s, 1H). Espectro de massa: (M + H)+ = 281. M. (2S,3S,5S)-5-Amino-2-(N-((5-tiazolil)metoxicarbonil)-amino)-1,6-difenil-3-hidroxi-hexano e (2S,3S,5S)-2-amino-5-(N-((5-tiazolil)-metoxicarbonil)amino)-1,6-difeni1-3-hidroxi-hexano.
Uma solução de 500 mg (1,76 mmoles) de (2S,3S,5S)-2,5-diamino-1,6-difenil-3-hidroxi-hexano e 480 mg (1,71 mmoles) de ((5-tiazolil)metil)-(4-nitrofenil)carbonato em 20 ml de THF foi agitada à temperatura ambiente durante 4 h. Após remoção do solvente sob vácuo, o resíduo foi purificado por cromatografia em gel de sílica, utilizando primeiro metanol a 2% e depois a 5% em clorofórmio, para proporcionar uma mistura dos dois compostos desejados. A cromatografia em gel de sílica da mistura, utilizando um gradiente de metanol a 0 -1-2% em isopropilamina:clorofórmio 93:2, forneceu 110 mg (16%) de (2 S,3S,5S)-5-amino-2-(N-((5-tiazolil)metoxicarbonil )amino)-1,6-difenil-3-hidroxi-hexano (Rf = 0,48; 10 ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ clorofórmio:metanol:isopropilamina 96:2:2) e 185 mg (28%) de (25.35.55) -2-amino-5-(N-((5-tiazolil)-metoxicarbonil)amino)- 1.6- difenil-3-hidroxi-hexano (Rf = 0,44; clorofórmio:metanol: isopropilamina 96:2:2). (2S, 3S,5S)-5-amino-2-(N-((5-tiazolil)metoxicarbonil)amino)- 1.6- difenil-3-hidroxi-hexano: RMN (CDC13) δ 1,3-1,6 (m, 2H) ; 2,40 (dd, J= 14, 8 Hz, 1H); 2,78 (dd, J= 5 Hz, 1H); 2,88 (d, j= 7 Hz, 2H) ; 3,01 (m, 1H); 3,72 (br q, 1H); 3,81 (br d, J= 10 Hz, 1H); 5,28 (s, 2H); 5,34 (br d, J= 9 Hz, 1H); 7,07 (br d, J= 7 Hz, 2H); 7,15 - 7,35 (m, 8H); 7,87 (s, 1H); 8,80 (s, 1H). Espectro de massa: (M + H)+ = 426. (25.35.55) -2-amino-5-(N-((5-tiazolil)metoxicarbonil)amino)- 1.6- difenil-3-hidroxi-hexano: RMN (CDC13) δ 1,55 (dt, J= 14, 8 Hz, 1H); 1,74 (m, 1H) ; 2,44 (dd, J= 15, 1 Hz, 1H); 2,75 - 3,0 (m, 4H); 3,44 (m, 1H); 4,00 (br t, 1H); 5,28 (m, 3H); 7,1 - 7,4 (m, 10H) ; 7,86 (s, 1H) ; 8,80 (s, 1H) . Espectro de massa: (M + H)+ = 426. N. (2S,3S,5S)-5-Amino-2-(N-((5-tiazolil)metoxicarbonil)-amino)-1,6-difenil-3-hidroxi-hexano.
Uma solução de 40 mmoles de (4S, 6S, 1'S)-6-(l-amino-2-feniletil)-4-benzil-2-fenil-3-aza-2-bora-l-oxaciclo-hexano bruto em 700 ml de THF anidro foi arrefecida para -40°C e tratada, gota a gota e ao longo de um período de 1 h, com uma solução de 7,83 g (27,9 mmoles) de ((5-tiazolil)metil)-(4-nitrofenil)carbonato em 300 ml de THF seco. Permitiu-se que a solução resultante aquecesse até 0°C durante 3 h e depois até à temperatura ambiente durante 16 h. O solvente foi removido sob vácuo, e o resíduo foi recuperado em 700 ml de acetato de etilo e lavado com três porções de 150 ml de NaOH IN aquoso e uma porção de 150 ml de salmoura. A fase orgânica foi seca com Na2S04 e concentrada sob vácuo. A purificação do resíduo por cromatografia em gel de sílica, utilizando misturas de metanol/clorofórmio, forneceu o composto desejado misturado com o seu regioisómero. Uma segunda cromatografia, utilizando isopropilamina a 1-3% em clorofórmio, proporcionou 5,21 g do composto desejado, que solidificou com o repouso. O. 2-Metilpropanotioamida.
Uma suspensão de 100 g (1,15 moles) de isobutiramida em 4 1 de éter dietílico foi agitada vigorosamente e tratada, em 11 ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ porções, com 51 g (0,115 moles) de P4Si0. A mistura resultante foi agitada à temperatura ambiente durante 2 h, filtrada e concentrada sob vácuo para fornecer 94,2 g (80%) do composto bruto desejado. ^-RMN (DMSO-d6) δ 1,08 (d, J= 7 Hz, 6H) ; 2,78 (hepteto, J= 7 Hz, 1H) ; 9,06 (br, 1H) ; 9,30 (br, 1H) .
Espectro de massa: (M + H)+ = 104. P. Cloridrato de 4-(clorometil)-2-isopropiltiazole.
Uma mistura de 94,0 g (0,91 moles) de 2-metil-propanotioamida, 115,7 g (0,91 moles) de 1,3-dicloroacetona e 109,7 g (0,91 moles) de MgS04 em 1,6 1 de acetona foi aquecida ao refluxo durante 3,5 h. Permitiu-se que a mistura resultante arrefecesse, filtrou-se, e o solvente foi removido sob vácuo para fornecer o composto bruto desejado sob a forma de um óleo amarelo. 1H-RMN (DMSO-de) δ 1,32 (d, J= 7 Hz, 6H); 3,27 (hepteto, J= 7 Hz, 1H) ; 4,78 (s, 2H) ; 7,61 (s, 1H) .
Espectro de massa: (M + H)+ = 176. Q. 2-Isopropil-4-(((N-metil)amino)metil)tiazole.
Uma solução de 40 g de cloridrato de 4-(clorometil)-2-isopropiltiazole em 100 ml de água foi adicionada, gota a gota e com agitação, a 400 ml de solução aquosa de metilamina a 40%. A solução resultante foi agitada durante lhe depois concentrada sob vácuo. O resíduo foi recuperado em clorofórmio, seco com Na2S04 e concentrado sob vácuo. A purificação do resíduo por cromatografia em gel de sílica, utilizando metanol a 10% em clorofórmio, proporcionou 21,35 g (55%) do composto desejado. ^-RMN (DMSO-d6) δ 1,34 (d, J= 7 Hz, 6H); 2,56 (s, 3H); 3,30 (hepteto, J= 7 Hz, 1H); 4,16 (s, 2H); 7,63 (s, 1H). Espectro de massa: (M + H)+ = 171. R. Éster metálico de N-(((4-nitrofenil)oxi)carbonil)-L-valina.
Uma solução de 66,1 g (0,328 moles) de cloroformato de 4-nitrofenilo em 1,2 1 de CH2CI2 foi arrefecida para 0°C e tratada com cloridrato do éster metílico de L-valina. A mistura resultante foi tratada lentamente, com agitação, com 68,9 ml (0,626 moles) de 4-metilmorfolina. Permitiu-se que a solução resultante aquecesse lentamente até à temperatura 12 ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ ambiente e agitou-se durante a noite. Após lavagem com 3 porções de solução aquosa de NaHC03 a 10%, a solução foi seca com Na2SC>4 e concentrada sob vácuo. O resíduo foi purificado por cromatografia em gel de sílica, eluindo com clorofórmio, para fornecer o composto desejado. 1H-RMN (DMSO-d6) δ 0,94 (d, J= 7 Hz, 3H) ; 0,95 (d, J= 7 Hz, 3H) ; 2,12 (octeto, J= 7 Hz, 1H) ; 3,69 (s, 3H) ; 4,01 (dd, J= 8, 6 Hz, 1H) ; 7,41 (dt, J= 9, 3 Hz, 2H); 8,27 (dt, J= 9, 3 Hz, 2H); 8,53 (d, J= 8 Hz, 1H) . Espectro de massa: (M + NH4)+ = 314. S. Éster metílico de N-((N-metil-N-((2-isopropil-4-tiazolil)metil)amino)carbonil)-L-valina.
Uma solução de 15,7 g (92 mmoles) de 2-isopropil-4-(((N-metil)amino)metil)tiazole em 200 ml de THF foi combinada com uma solução de 20,5 g (69 mmoles) de éster metílico de N- (((4-nitrofenil)oxi)carbonil)-L-valina. A solução resultante foi tratada com 1,6 g de 4-dimetilaminopiridina e 12,9 ml (92 mmoles) de trietilamina, aquecida ao refluxo durante 2 h, deixada arrefecer e concentrada sob vácuo. O resíduo foi recuperado em CH2CI2, lavado extensamente com solução aquosa de K2CO3 a 5%, seco com Na2S04 e concentrado sob vácuo. A mistura do produto resultante foi purificada por cromatografia em gel de sílica, utilizando clorofórmio como eluente, para fornecer 16,3 g (54%) do composto desejado. 1H-RMN (DMSO-de) δ 0,88 (d, J= 7 Hz, 3H) ; 0,92 (d, J= 7 Hz, 3H); 1,32 (d, J= 7 Hz, 3H); 2,05 (octeto, J= 7 Hz, 1H); 2,86 (s, 3H); 3,25 (hepteto, J= 7 Hz, 1H); 3,61 (s, 3H); 3,96 (dd, J= 8, 7 Hz, 1H); 4,44 (AA', 2H); 6,58 (d, J= 8 Hz, 1H); 7,24 (s, 1H). Espectro de massa: (M + H)+ = 328. T . N-((N-Metil-N-((2-isopropil-4-tiazolil)metil)amino)-carbonil)-L-valina.
Uma solução de 1,42 g (4,3 mmoles) do composto resultante do Exemplo IS em 17 ml de dioxano foi tratada com 17,3 ml de solução aquosa de LiOH 0,50M. A solução resultante foi agitada à temperatura ambiente durante 30 min, tratada com 8,7 ml de HC1 1M e concentrada sob vácuo. O resíduo foi recuperado em diclorometano, lavado com água, seco com Na2S04 e concentrado sob vácuo para fornecer 1,1 g (81%) do composto desejado. Espectro de massa: (M + H)+ = 314. 13 ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ U. (2S,3 S,5S)-5-(Ν-(Ν-((N-Metil-N-((2-isopropil-4-tiazo-lil)metil)amino)carbonil)valinil)amino)-2-(N-((5-tiazolil)metoxicarbonil)amino)-1,6-difenil-3-hidroxi-hexano.
Uma solução de 70 mg (0,223 mmoles) de N-((N-metil-N-((2-isopropil-4-tiazolil)metil)amino)carbonil)-L-valina, 79 mg (0,186 mmoles) de (2 S,3 S,5S)-5-amino-2-(N-((5-tiazolil)-metoxicarbonil)amino)-1,6-difenil-3-hidroxi-hexano, 30 mg (0,223 mmoles) de 1-hidroxibenzotriazole hidratado e 51 mg (0,266 mmoles) de N-etil-N'-dimetilaminopropil-carbodiimida em 2 ml de THF foi agitada à temperatura ambiente durante 16 h. A solução resultante foi concentrada sob vácuo, e o resíduo foi purificado por cromatografia em gel de sílica, utilizando CH2Cl2:CH3OH 97:3, para fornecer 100 mg (74%) do composto desejado (Rf = 0,4; CH2Cl2:CH30H 95:5) sob a forma de um sólido. 1H-RMN (DMSO-de) δ 0,73 (d, J= 7 Hz, 6H); 1,30 (d, J= 7 Hz, 6H) ; 1,45 (m, 2H) ; 1,87 (m, H) ; 2,5-2,7 (m, 4H) ; 2,87 (s, 3H); 3,23 (hepteto, J= 7 Hz, 1H); 3,57 (m, 1H); 3,81 (m, 1H); 3,93 (m, 1H); 4,15 (m, 1H); 4,44 (AA', 2H); 4,62 (d, J= 6 Hz, 1H); 5,13 (AA', 2H); 6,01 (d, J= 9 Hz, 1H); 6,89 (d, J= 9 Hz, 1H) ; 7,1-7,2 (m, 11H) ; 7,68 (d, J= 9 Hz, 1H) ; 7,85 (s, 1H) ; 9,05 (s, 1H) . Espectro de massa: (Μ + H)+ = 721.
Análise calculada para C37H48N6O5S2.0,5H20 - C: 60, 88; H: 6,77; N: 11,51. Obtida: C: 60,68; H: 6,53; N: 11,36.
Ensaio fluorogénico para rastreio de inibidores da
protease do VIH A potência inibidora do composto do invento pode ser determinada pelo método que se segue. O composto do invento é dissolvido em DMSO, e uma pequena alíquota é adicionalmente diluída com DMSO para lOOx a concentração final desejada para o teste. A reacção é efectuada num tubo de 6 x 50 mm, num volume total de 300 μΐ. As concentrações finais dos componentes no tampão de reacção são: acetato de sódio 125 mM, cloreto de sódio 1M, ditiotreitol 5 mM, albumina sérica de bovino 0,5 mg/ml, substrato fluorogénico 1,3 μΜ; dimetilsulfóxido a 2% (v/v), pH 4,5. Após adição do inibidor, a mistura reaccional é colocada no suporte de células do fluorómetro e incubada a 30°C durante vários minutos. A reacção é iniciada pela adição 14 ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ de uma pequena alíquota de protease do VIH fria. A intensidade de fluorescência (excitação 340 nm, emissão 490 nm) é registada em função do tempo. A velocidade da reacção é determinada durante os primeiros seis a oito minutos. A velocidade observada é directamente proporcional às moles de substrato clivadas por unidade de tempo. A percentagem de inibição é 100 x (1 - (velocidade em presença de inibidor)/(velocidade na ausência de inibidor)).
Substrato fluorogénico: Dabcyl-Ser-Gln-Asn-Tyr-Pro-Ile-Val-Gln-EDANS, em que DABCYL = ácido 4-(4-dimetilamino-fenil)azobenzóico e EDANS = ácido 5-((2-aminoetil)amino)-naftaleno-1-sulfónico. A Tabela 1 mostra as potências inibidoras de compostos do invento contra a protease do VIH-1.
Tabela 1
Composto do Exemplo Percentagem de inibição Concentração do inibidor (nanomolar) 1 79 0,5
Actividade antiviral A actividade anti-VIH do composto do invento pode ser determinada em células MT4 de acordo com o procedimento de Kempf et al. (Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1991, 35, 2209). O valor IC50 é a concentração do composto que proporciona uma inibição de 50% do efeito citopático do VIH. O valor LC5o é a concentração de composto à qual 50% das células permanecem viáveis. A Tabela 2 ilustra as potências inibidoras do composto do invento contra o VIH-I3B em células MT4. TABELA 2
Composto do Exemplo IC50 (micromolar) LC50 (micromolar) 1 0,025-0,040 55 O composto do presente invento pode ser utilizado sob a forma de sais derivados de ácidos orgânicos ou inorgânicos. 15 ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ
Estes sais incluem, embora não estejam limitados a eles, os seguintes: acetato, adipato, alginato, citrato, aspartato, benzoato, benzenossulfonato, bissulfato, butirato, canforato, canfossulfonato, digluconato, ciclopentanopropionato, dodecilsulfato, etanossulfonato, gluco-heptanoato, glicerofosfato, hemissulfato, heptanoato, hexanoato, fumarato, cloridrato, bromidrato, iodidrato, 2-hidroxi-etanossulfonato (isetionato), lactato, maleato, metanossulfonato, nicotinato, 2-naftalenossulfonato, oxalato, pamoato, pectinato, persulfato, 3-fenilpropionato, picrato, pivalato, propionato, succinato, tartarato, tiocianato, p-toluenossulfonato e undecanoato. Também os grupos que contêm azoto básico podem ser quaternizados com agentes como os halogenetos de alquilo inferior, por exemplo, cloretos, brometos e iodetos de metilo, etilo, propilo e butilo; os sulfatos de dialquilo como os sulfatos de dimetilo, dietilo, dibutilo e diamilo; os halogenetos de cadeia longa como os cloretos, brometos e iodetos de decilo, laurilo, miristilo e estearilo; os halogenetos de aralquilo como os brometos de benzilo e fenetilo e outros. Obtêm-se, assim, produtos solúveis ou dispersiveis em água ou em óleo.
Os exemplos de ácidos que poderão ser empregues para formar sais de adição de ácido farmaceuticamente aceitáveis incluem ácidos inorgânicos como o ácido clorídrico, o ácido sulfúrico e o ácido fosfórico, e ácidos orgânicos como o ácido oxálico, o ácido maleico, o ácido succínico e o ácido cítrico. Outros sais incluem sais com metais alcalinos ou metais alcalino-terrosos, tais como o sódio, o potássio, o cálcio ou o magnésio, ou com bases orgânicas.
Os sais preferidos dos compostos do invento incluem o cloridrato, o metanossulfonato, o sulfonato, o fosfonato e o isetionato.
Os compostos do invento são úteis para inibir uma protease retroviral, em particular a protease do VIH, in vitro ou in vivo (especialmente nos mamíferos e, em particular, nos seres humanos). Os compostos do presente invento também são úteis para a inibição de retrovírus in vivo, especialmente o vírus da imunodeficiência humana (VIH). Os compostos do presente invento também são úteis para o tratamento ou a 16 ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ profilaxia de doenças causadas por retrovirus, especialmente a sindrome da imunodeficiência adquirida ou uma infecção pelo VIH, num ser humano ou outro mamífero. A dose diária total administrada a um ser humano ou outro hospedeiro mamífero, em doses únicas ou divididas, poderá encontrar-se em quantidades compreendidas, por exemplo, entre 0,001 e 300 mg/kg de peso corporal por dia e, mais habitualmente, entre 0,1 e 10 mg. As composições de dosagem unitária poderão conter estas quantidades ou submúltiplos delas para perfazer a dose diária. A quantidade de ingrediente activo, que poderá ser combinada com os materiais de transporte para produzir uma forma farmacêutica única, variará dependendo do hospedeiro tratado e do modo de administração particular.
Entender-se-á, contudo, que o nível de dose específico para qualquer doente particular dependerá de uma variedade de factores, incluindo a actividade do composto específico empregue, a idade, o peso corporal, a saúde geral, o sexo, a dieta, a hora de administração, a via de administração, a velocidade de excreção, a combinação de drogas e a gravidade da doença particular submetida a terapia. O composto do presente invento poderá ser administrado oralmente, parentericamente, sublingualmente, através de um spray para inalação, rectalmente ou topicamente, em formulações de dosagem unitária contendo transportadores, adjuvantes e veículos convencionais, não tóxicos e farmaceuticamente aceitáveis conforme desejado. A administração tópica também poderá envolver o recurso a uma administração transdérmica, tais como os adesivos transdérmicos ou os dispositivos de iontoforese. O termo parentérico, tal como aqui utilizado, inclui injecções subcutâneas, a injecção intravenosa, intramuscular ou intraesterno, ou técnicas de infusão.
As preparações injectáveis, por exemplo, as suspensões aquosas ou oleaginosas estéreis injectáveis, poderão ser formuladas de acordo com a arte conhecida, utilizando agentes molhantes ou dispersíveis adequados e agentes de suspensão 17 ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ adequados. A preparação estéril injectável também poderá ser uma solução ou suspensão estéril injectável, num solvente ou diluente não tóxico parentericamente aceitável, por exemplo, como uma solução em 1,3-propanodiol. Entre os veículos e solventes aceitáveis que poderão ser utilizados estão a água, a solução de Ringer e a solução isotónica de cloreto de sódio. Além disso, os óleos fixos estéreis são convencionalmente utilizados como solvente ou meio de suspensão. Para este fim, é possivel utilizar qualquer óleo fixo insipido, incluindo os mono- ou diglicéridos sintéticos. Além disso, ácidos gordos como o ácido oleico têm uso na preparação de injectáveis.
Os supositórios para administração rectal do fármaco podem ser preparados por mistura do fármaco com um excipiente não irritante adequado, tal como a manteiga de cacau e os polietilenoglicóis, que são sólidos às temperaturas normais mas liquidos à temperatura rectal e, por conseguinte, irão derreter no recto e libertarão o fármaco.
As formas farmacêuticas sólidas para administração oral poderão inclui cápsulas, comprimidos, pílulas, pós e grânulos. Nestas formas farmacêuticas sólidas, o composto activo poderá ser misturado com pelo menos um diluente inerte, como a sacarose, a lactose ou o amido. Estas formas farmacêuticas também poderão compreender, como é prática normal, substâncias adicionais além dos diluentes inertes, por exemplo, agentes lubrificantes como seja o estearato de magnésio. No caso das cápsulas, comprimidos e pílulas, as formas farmacêuticas também poderão compreender agentes tampão. Os comprimidos e as pílulas podem ser adicionalmente preparados com revestimentos entéricos.
As formas farmacêuticas líquidas para administração oral poderão incluir emulsões, soluções, suspensões, xaropes e elixires farmaceuticamente aceitáveis, contendo diluentes inertes habitualmente utilizados na arte, como a água. Estas composições também poderão compreender adjuvantes, tais como agentes molhantes, agentes emulsionantes e de suspensão e agentes adoçantes, aromatizantes e perfumantes. A combinação do presente invento também pode ser administrada sob a forma de lipossomas. Como é sabido na 18 ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ arte, os lipossomas são geralmente derivados de fosfolípidos ou de outras substâncias lipidicas. Os lipossomas são formados por cristais líquidos hidratados mono- ou multilamelares, que estão dispersos num meio aquoso. Qualquer lípido metabolizável, não tóxico e fisiologicamente aceitável capaz de formar lipossomas pode ser utilizado. As presentes composições sob a forma de lipossomas podem conter, além da combinação do presente invento, estabilizadores, conservantes, excipientes e ingredientes similares. Os lípidos preferidos são os fosfolípidos e as fosfatidilcolinas (lecitinas), tanto naturais como sintéticos.
Os métodos para formar lipossomas são conhecidos na arte. Ver, por exemplo, Prescott, Ed., "Methods in Cell Biology", Volume XIV, Academic Press, New York, N.Y. (1976), pp. 33 et seq.
Uma forma farmacêutica preferida para a combinação do invento engloba uma forma farmacêutica sólida para administração oral compreendendo um adsorvente farmaceuticamente aceitável no qual está adsorvida uma mistura de (1) um solvente orgânico farmaceuticamente aceitável ou uma mistura de dois ou mais solventes orgânicos farmaceuticamente aceitáveis, (2) um composto do invento, numa quantidade compreendida entre cerca de 10% e cerca de 40% em peso e (3) uma quantidade total compreendida entre cerca de 0,2 equivalentes molares e cerca de 2 equivalentes molares (com base no composto do invento) de um ácido farmaceuticamente aceitável. Esta composição é introduzida em cápsulas de gelatina rígidas para administração. A preparação de um exemplo específico deste tipo de forma farmacêutica está descrita abaixo.
Preparação de forma farmacêutica de cápsula cheia com conteúdo sólido
Misturou-se propilenoglicol (USP, 139 ml) e etanol (desidratado, USP, absoluto, 139 ml) num recipiente de aço inoxidável ou de vidro. Adicionou-se ácido clorídrico (qualidade reagente, 20 ml) e misturou-se bem. A esta solução adicionou-se ácido ascórbico (21 g), e a mistura foi agitada até estar límpida. 0 produto do Exemplo 1U (200 g) foi 19 ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ adicionado lentamente à solução, continuando-se a misturar até a solução estar límpida. Adicionou-se Cremophore® EL (oxiestearato de polioxietilenoglicerol, 41 g) e polisorbato 80, NF (41 g) com mistura.
Introduziu-se celulose microcristalina, NF (139 g) e dióxido de silício, NF (Syloid 244, qualidade farmacêutica, 209 g) num misturador Hobart e misturou-se durante 3-5 min. A solução acima foi adicionada, gota a gota, à mistura seca contida no misturador Hobart, enquanto se misturava a baixa velocidade. Esta mistura foi amassada até ficar granular. A granulação húmida foi peneirada através de um peneiro de malha 8. A granulação peneirada foi espalhada em tabuleiros revestidos com papel e seca num secador de tabuleiros ou num secador de leito fluidizado (20-35°C), até a perda com a secagem não ser superior a 12%. A concentração do produto do Exemplo 1U (mg/g de granulação) na granulação foi determinada por análise de HPLC. As cápsulas (gelatina, N.° 00, cinzento-escuro opaco) foram cheias com a quantidade apropriada da granulação seca para fornecer a dose desejada por cápsula.
Os inibidores da transcriptase inversa que serão administrados em combinação com um composto do presente invento incluem, por exemplo, a didesoxicitidina (DDC), a didesoxiinosina (DDI), os compostos BCH-189, AzdU, o carbovir, os compostos DDA, D4C, D4T, DP-AZT, FLT (fluorotimidina), BCH-189, a 5-halo-3'-tiadidesoxicitidina, o composto PMEA, a zidovudina (AZT) e inibidores não nucleosídicos da transcriptase inversa (por exemplo, os compostos R82193, L-697,661 e Bl-RG-587 (nevirapina).
Na combinação, os agentes terapêuticos podem ser formulados como composições separadas que são administradas ao mesmo tempo ou em tempos diferentes, ou os agentes terapêuticos podem ser administrados como uma composição única.
Lisboa, 2009-02-04

Claims (9)

  1. ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ 1/2 REIVINDICAÇÕES 1. Combinação de um composto, que é (2S,3S,5S)-5-(N-(N-((N-metil-N-((2-isopropil-4-tiazolil)metil)amino)carbonil)-valinil)amino)-2-(N-((5-tiazolil)metoxicarbonil)amino)-1,6-difenil-3-hidroxi-hexano ou um seu sal farmaceuticamente aceitável, e de um inibidor de transcriptase inversa.
  2. 2. Combinação de acordo com a reivindicação 1, em que o inibidor de transcriptase inversa é didesoxicitidina (DDC), didesoxiinosina (DDI), os compostos BCH-189, AzdU, carbovir, DDA, D4C, D4T, DP-AZT, FLT (fluorotimidina), BCH-189, a 5-halo-3'-tiadidesoxicitidina, PMEA ou zidovudina (AZT).
  3. 3. Combinação de acordo com a reivindicação 1, em que o inibidor de transcriptase inversa é um inibidor não nucleosidico de transcriptase inversa.
  4. 4. Combinação de acordo com a reivindicação 3, em que o inibidor não nucleosidico de transcriptase inversa é seleccionado entre R82193, L-697,661 e Bl-RG-587 (nevirapina).
  5. 5. Combinação de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 2, em que o composto da reivindicação 1, ou um seu sal farmaceuticamente aceitável, e o inibidor de transcriptase inversa são formulados como uma composição única.
  6. 6. Combinação de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 4, em que o composto da reivindicação 1, ou um seu sal farmaceuticamente aceitável, e o inibidor de transcriptase inversa são formulados como composições separadas.
  7. 7. Utilização de uma combinação de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 6, no fabrico de um medicamento para o tratamento ou a profilaxia da sindrome da imunodeficiência adquirida ou de uma infecção pelo VIH num ser humano. ΕΡ 1 302 468/ΡΤ 2/2
  8. 8. Utilização do composto de acordo com a reivindicação 1, ou de um seu sal farmaceuticamente aceitável, no fabrico de um medicamento, que compreende a combinação de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 6, para o tratamento ou a profilaxia da síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida ou de uma infecção pelo VIH num ser humano.
  9. 9. Utilização de um inibidor de transcriptase inversa no fabrico de um medicamento, que compreende a combinação de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 6, para o tratamento ou a profilaxia da síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida ou de uma infecção pelo VIH num ser humano. Lisboa, 2009-02-04
PT02079949T 1992-12-29 1993-12-16 Processos e intermediários para o fabrico de compostos inibidores de protease retroviral PT1302468E (pt)

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