PL178295B1 - Mixed fertiliser - Google Patents

Abstract

Multi-component fertiliser, composed of an organic component and calcium-based component, which contains an organic component in the form of animal manure, preferably bird liquid manure, in the amount of at least 20 percent by weight, and a calcium-based component in the form of ashes of brown coal and/or burnt lime, where the weight ratio of the organic and calcium-based components is from 3:1 to 1:1, and possibly, additionally, brown coal and/or tree bark in the amount of 0.1-10 percent by weight, and/or sorption component in the form of a cross-linked acrylic copolymer with water absorption of at least 10g per 1g of the sorption component and/or nitric, potassium and phosphorus nutrients in the amount of 9-20 percent by weight, applied preferably with the weight ratio of 1:2:2 and/or tobacco dust in the amount of 01-10 percent by weight in proportion to the fertiliser total weight.

Description

The subject of the invention is a multi-component fertilizer.

Polish patents Nos. 136,500, 139,696 and 138,237 disclose organic-calcium-mineral fertilizers containing organic components in the form of brown coal, peat, lignocellulose or wood bark, calcium components in the form of brown coal ash and minerals such as nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus fertilizers.

The monograph "The mineral raw materials of the world - peat" published by the Geological Publishing House, Warsaw, 1980 describes fertilizers containing peat with the addition of lime, "wood ash or manure or mineral fertilizers with the possible addition of microelements". The scientific works of the Institute of Oil and Coal Chemistry and Technology of the Wrocław University of Technology, No. 36 of 1981, describe the use of lignite fly ash with the possible addition of potassium and calcium salts, deforming the soil and supplementing the mineral fertilizer.

In the periodicals: "Postępy sciences Rolniczych" No. 1 of 1976 and "Lignite" No. 4 of 1986 describe the possibilities of using brown coal as a humus substance.

Known organic-mineral fertilizers do not exist in a loose form, convenient for application, with a high content of the natural fertilizing component, without its decomposition or regression.

Moreover, known fertilizers do not allow for the creation of a comprehensive system of natural fertilization ensuring proper plant growth with simultaneous de-acidification of the soil and improvement of its structure, as well as water retention in it.

The multi-component fertilizer according to the invention comprises an organic component in the form of natural fertilizer of animal origin, preferably bird slurry, in an amount of at least 20% by weight and a calcium component in the form of brown coal ash and / or quicklime, the weight ratio of the organic component to the calcium component being 3 : 1 to 1: 1. The fertilizer may additionally contain brown coal and / or wood bark in an amount of 0.1-10% by weight and / or a cross-linked acrylic copolymer sorption component with a water absorption of at least 10 g / lg of the sorption component in an amount of 01, -10% by weight and / or nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus nutrients in an amount of 0.1-10% by weight, preferably used in a weight ratio of 1: 2: 2, and / or tobacco dust in an amount of 0.1-10% by weight, based on the total weight of the fertilizer.

The main advantage of the fertilizer according to the invention is the combination of the advantages of its individual components, i.e. bird slurry characterized by a high moisture content in the range of 50-90% by weight, a calcium component in the form of brown coal ash or quick lime, and slowly mineralizing additional organic components,

178 295 like lignite or wood bark. As a result of combining the properties of individual components, a solid multi-component fertilizer is obtained, introducing into the soil all the nutrients necessary for plant development, while liming the soil and improving its structure. This fertilizer eliminates the risks associated with the elimination of mineral and organic pollutants that occur when using artificial fertilizers.

The use of a sorption component in the form of cross-linked acrylic copolymers in the fertilizer according to the invention ensures, on the one hand, the binding of the natural water contained in the fertilizer, and on the other hand, its dosing to the soil in a controlled manner, which has a significant impact on the proper growth of plants. Lignite ash and quicklime, in addition to soil liming, significantly bind the water contained in the natural fertilizer and transform the wet form of the fertilizer, which is a paste or liquid mass, into a solid - dusty or granular form. Thus, the use of brown coal ash, quicklime or cross-linked acrylic copolymers in the fertilizer, or a mixture of these substances, allows for solidification of liquid or semi-liquid natural fertilizers of animal origin, which in their original form are difficult to manage and pose a significant environmental hazard. Tobacco dust, which is an additional component of the fertilizer, also binds the water contained in the fertilizer, removes the smell of natural manure and prevents some pathogens occurring in the soil. Also, the form of the fertilizer according to the invention enables its practical application in accordance with existing fertilization techniques.

The following non-limiting examples illustrate the subject matter of the invention.

Example I. 40.8 parts by weight of bird slurry with a bulk density of 0.43 kg / l, containing 30% by weight of dry matter, with the following chemical composition was introduced into the mixer: 3% by weight of nitrogen, 1.5% by weight of potassium (K ₂ O) , 2 wt.% Phosphorus (P ₂ O ₅ ) and 0.5 wt.% Magnesium (MgO). After mixing and cooling the slurry to a temperature below 20 ° C, the remaining fertilizer components were successively introduced into the mixer in the following amount and time:

9.2 parts wt. urea ( 5 minutes) 12.2 pcs. wt. powdery superphosphate (10 minutes) 12.2 pcs. wt. potassium sulfate (8 minutes) 0.03 part wt. copper sulfate ( 2 minutes) 2.04 pcs. wt. acrylic gel of the Akrogel type (10 minutes) - solids content - 20 wt.% - water absorption capacity - 20 g H2O / 1g - pH = 7.0 9.2 parts wt. brown coal (fine coal) ( 5 minutes) - bulk weight - 0.48 kg / l - moisture content - 45.6 wt.% 14.3 pcs. wt. brown coal ash (10 minutes) - calcium content (CaO) - 20 wt.% - magnesium content (MgO) - 50 wt.% - boron content - 300 ppm - manganese content - 200 ppm - molybdenum content - 20 ppm

As a result of mixing all the components, the fertilizer in the form of a dust was obtained, with the content of: nitrogen equal to 5.8% by weight. in fertilizer and 5 wt. in the extract in acetic acid, phosphorus equal to 2.6 wt.%. % in fertilizer and 1.6 wt. in the extract and potassium equal to 10% by weight. % in fertilizer and 8 wt. in the extract, at pH = 7.

Example II. 39.87 parts by weight of bird slurry with the properties as in Example 1 were introduced into the mixer. Then, after mixing and cooling the slurry to a temperature below 20 ° C, the remaining fertilizer components were successively introduced into the mixer in the amount and time specified below:

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6.2 part wt. lignite fines (5 minutes) (properties as in example I)

14.3 pcs. wt. brown coal ash (10 minutes) (properties as in example I)

5.0 parts wt. quicklime (5 minutes)

2.0 pcs. wt. acrylic gel Akrogel (10 minutes)

8.2 part wt. urea (5 minutes)

12.2 part wt. potassium sulfate (8 minutes)

12.2 part wt. powdery superphosphate (10 minutes)

0.03 part wt. copper sulfate (2 minutes)

After mixing all the components, the fertilizer was obtained in a powdery form with the content of: nitrogen equal to 2.8% by weight. % in fertilizer and 2.2 wt. in the extract, phosphorus equal to 1.2 wt.%. in fertilizer and 1 wt. in the extract and potassium equal to 7 wt.%. % in fertilizer and 6 wt. in the extract, at pH = 13.

Example III. 43.67 parts by weight of bird slurry with the properties as in Example 1 were introduced into the mixer. Then, after mixing and cooling the slurry to a temperature below 20 ° C, the remaining components of the fertilizer were introduced into the mixer with continuous mixing in the following amount and time:

8.4 parts wt. lignite fines (5 minutes) (properties as in example I)

14.3 part wt. brown coal ash (10 minutes) (properties as in example I)

9.2 part wt. urea. · (5 mmi ^ here

12.2 part wt. signature sulfate (8 mm

12.2 part wwg. puperfotffłu ppliaiago (10 miniK)

0.03 part wwg. miide sulfate (2 minutes)

The obtained fertilizer in the form of a dust was characterized by the content of: nitrogen equal to 5.6% by weight. % in fertilizer and 4.7 wt. in the extract, phosphorus equal to 2.5 wt.%. % in fertilizer and 1.8 wt. in the extract and potassium equal to 8.4 wt.%. % in fertilizer and 7 wt. in the extract, at pH = 6.

Example IV. 40.87 parts by weight of bird slurry with the properties as in Example 1 were introduced into the mixer, and then, after its mixing and cooling to a temperature below 20 ° C, the remaining fertilizer components were successively introduced into the mixer in the following amount and time:

6.2 part wt. lignite fines (5 minni) (properties as in example I)

14, 3 pcs. wt. brown coal ash (10 minutes) (properties as in the example)

5.0 parts wt. patched lime

9.2 part wt. urea

12.2 part wt. potassium sulfate

12.2 pcs. wt. dusty superphosphate 0.03 parts wt. copper sulphate (5 minutes) (5 steps) (8 steps) (10 minutes) (2 minutes).

The obtained fertilizer in the form of a dust was characterized by the content of: nitrogen equal to 3.5% by weight. % in fertilizer and 2.8 wt. in the extract, phosphorus equal to 1.2 wt.%. in fertilizer and 1 wt. in the extract and potassium equal to and 6.7 wt. in the extract, at pH = 13.

Example 5 42.18 parts by weight of bird slurry with the properties as in Example 1 were introduced into the mixer, and then, after its mixing and cooling to a temperature below 20 ° C, the remaining components of the fertilizer were introduced into the mixer with continuous mixing in the following amount and time:

178 295 (In minutes) (10 minutes) (5 minutes) (5 minutes) (8 minutes) ((0 minutes) (8 minutes)

5.0 parts wt. lignite fines (5 mmut) (properties as in example I) (4.3 (parts by weight of brown coal ash (properties as in example I)

2.04 pcs. wt. Akroge type acrylic gel (properties as in example I)

2.72 pcs. wt. tobacco dust

9.2 parts wt. rnoc7.mka (2.26 parts by weight of potassium sulphate (2.26 parts by weight of powdery superphosphate)

0.03 part wt. copper sulfate

The obtained fertilizer in the form of a dust without an odor, characterized by the content of: nitrogen equal to 4.5% by weight. in fertilizer and 4 wt. in the extract, phosphorus equal to 2.7 wt.%. in fertilizer and (.7 wt.% in the extract and potassium equal to 9.5 wt.% in the fertilizer and 8.4 wt.% in the extract, at pH = 6.9.

Example VI. 50 parts by weight of bird slurry with the properties as in Example 1 were introduced into the mixer, and then, after mixing and cooling the slurry to a temperature below 20 ° C, the remaining components of the fertilizer were successively added with continuous mixing in the following amount and time:

9.0 part wt. lignite fines ((0 minutes) (properties as in example I)

37.0 pts wt. brown coal ash ((0 mmu)) (properties as in example I)

2.0 pcs. wt. gel α ^! ο \ ν ^ ο of Akrogd type ((0 minutes) (properties as in example I)

2.0 pcs. wt. tobacco dust (5 minutes)

The obtained fertilizer in the form of solidified bird slurry, containing 1 wt. % nitrogen 0.65 wt.% % potassium and 0.95 wt. phosphorus at pH = 7.3.

Example VII. 65 parts by weight of bird slurry with the properties as in Example 1 were introduced into the mixer, and then, after mixing and cooling the slurry to a temperature below 20 ° C, the remaining components of the fertilizer in the following amount and time were introduced into the mixer with continuous mixing:

2.0 pcs. wt. lignite fines (10 minutes) (properties as in example I)

30.0 pcs. wt. brown coal ash (≥0 minutes) (properties as in example I)

3.0 parts wt. acrylic ribs of the AlkOgee type (≥ 0 min) (properties as in example I)

A fertilizer was obtained in the form of solidified bird slurry containing (2 wt.% Nitrogen, 0.8 wt.% Potassium and 0.89 wt.% Phosphorus, at pH = 7, (.

Example VIII. 70 parts by weight of bird slurry with the properties as in Example 1a were introduced into the mixer, and then, after its mixing and cooling to a temperature below 20 ° C, 30.0 parts were introduced into the mixer during 20 minutes, with continuous mixing. wt. brown coal ash with properties as in Example 1

A fertilizer in the form of solidified bird slurry containing (, (wt.% Nitrogen, 0.75 wt.% Potassium and 0.85 wt.% Phosphorus, at pH = 7.2) was obtained.

178 295

Publishing Department of the UP RP. Circulation of 70 copies. Price PLN 2.00.

Claims (1)

Patent claim A multi-component fertilizer containing an organic component and a calcium component, characterized in that it contains an organic component in the form of natural fertilizer of animal origin, preferably bird slurry, in an amount of at least 20% by weight, a calcium component in the form of brown coal ash and / or quicklime, where the weight ratio of the organic component to the calcium component is from 3: 1 to 1: 1 and optionally additionally brown coal and / or wood bark in the amount of 0.1-10% by weight and / or the sorption component in the form of a cross-linked acrylic copolymer with a water absorption of at least 10 g / 1g of sorption component and / or nutritional nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus components in the amount of 9-20% by weight, preferably used in a weight ratio of 1: 2: 2 and / or tobacco dust in the amount of 01-10% by weight in relation to the total weight fertilizer.