NO125492B - - Google Patents
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- NO125492B NO125492B NO77370A NO77370A NO125492B NO 125492 B NO125492 B NO 125492B NO 77370 A NO77370 A NO 77370A NO 77370 A NO77370 A NO 77370A NO 125492 B NO125492 B NO 125492B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- kerosene
- catalyst
- gas
- desulphurisation
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 rolled earth Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/02—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte ved avsvovling av svovelholdige kerosiner. Procedure for desulphurisation of sulphurous kerosenes.
Oppfinnelsen angår en fremgangsmåte for avsvovling av svovelholdige kerosiner som koker innen området 150 - 300° C, ved å lede disse, mens de i det minste er delvis fLytende, ved forhbyet temperatur og trykk og i nærvær av en hydrogenholdig gass over en fast avsvovlingskatalysator. The invention relates to a method for the desulphurisation of sulfur-containing kerosenes which boil within the range of 150 - 300° C, by passing these, while they are at least partially liquid, at elevated temperature and pressure and in the presence of a hydrogen-containing gas over a solid desulphurisation catalyst.
En fremgangsmåte av denne type er kjent fra U.S. patent-skrift nr. 2 608 521. Dersom ved denne fremgangsmåte hydrogenpart ial-trykket imidlertid velges for lavt i forhold til den valgte temperatur, vil det raffinerte kerosin ikke være farvelijst, og farvelose kerosiner kreves for en rekke formål. A method of this type is known from U.S. Pat. patent document no. 2 608 521. However, if in this method the hydrogen partial pressure is chosen too low in relation to the selected temperature, the refined kerosene will not be colourless, and colorless kerosenes are required for a number of purposes.
Oet har nu vist ség at denne ulempe kan unngås ved å velge et tilstrekkelig hbyt hydrogenpartikaltrykk samtidig som reaksjonstemperaturen' må holdes innen visse grenser og en viss del av kerosinet må stromme 1 flytende tilstand over katalysatoren. It has now been shown that this disadvantage can be avoided by choosing a sufficiently high hydrogen particle pressure, while the reaction temperature must be kept within certain limits and a certain part of the kerosene must flow in a liquid state over the catalyst.
Oppfinnelsen angår derfor en fremgangsmåte ved avsvovling av svovelholdige kerosiner som koker innen området 150 - 300°C, The invention therefore relates to a method for the desulphurisation of sulfur-containing kerosenes which boil within the range 150 - 300°C,
ved å lede disse, mens de idet minste delvis er flytende, over en fast avsvovlingskatalysator i nærvær av en hydrogenholdig gass og ved forhoyet temperatur og trykk, og fremgangsmåten er særpreget ved at det anvendes en temperatur av 310 ~ 360°C, et hydrogenpartialtrykk i kg/cm^ som er minst 0,133 ganger reaksjonstemperaturen i °C minus 28 kg/cm , og hoyst 80% av kerosinet foreligger i dampform. by passing these, while they are at least partially liquid, over a solid desulphurisation catalyst in the presence of a hydrogen-containing gas and at elevated temperature and pressure, and the method is characterized by the use of a temperature of 310 ~ 360°C, a hydrogen partial pressure of kg/cm^ which is at least 0.133 times the reaction temperature in °C minus 28 kg/cm , and at most 80% of the kerosene is in vapor form.
Ved denne fremgangsmåte behandles de kerosiner som skal raffineres, med en hydrogenholdig gass i nærvær av svovelresistente katalysatorer. Ved denne behandling befries utgangsmaterialet ikke bare for svovel, men også for forurensninger, som nitrogen, oxygen og halogenforbindelser, mens umettede forbindelser som kan fore til avsetninger, kan gjores uskadelige ved hydrogeneringen. In this method, the kerosenes to be refined are treated with a hydrogen-containing gas in the presence of sulphur-resistant catalysts. With this treatment, the starting material is not only freed from sulphur, but also from pollutants, such as nitrogen, oxygen and halogen compounds, while unsaturated compounds that can lead to deposits can be rendered harmless by the hydrogenation.
Det svovelholdige kerosin som skal raffineres, strommer mens det i det minste delvis er flytende, i et tynt lag over den faste katalysator, som beskrevet i det ovenfor angitte U.S. patent-skrift nr. 2 608 521. The sulfurous kerosene to be refined flows, while at least partially liquid, in a thin layer over the solid catalyst, as described in the above-cited U.S. Pat. patent document no. 2 608 521.
Temperaturen er 310 - 360°C. Ved en temperatur under The temperature is 310 - 360°C. At a temperature below
310°C er avsvovlingen for lav mens fremgangsmåten ved temperaturer over 360°C ikke lenger er okonomisk tilfredsstillende på grunn av at det er nodvendig med et for hoyt hydrogenpartialtrykk. At 310°C the desulphurisation is too low, while at temperatures above 360°C the process is no longer economically satisfactory due to the fact that too high a hydrogen partial pressure is required.
Trykket er minst lh kg/cm absolutt, mens samtidig en slik mengde hydrogenholdig gass fortrinnsvis ledes gjennom at gassmengden, etter avkjdling av reaksjonsblandingen og fjernelse av hydrogensulfidet fra avlopsgassen, er 50 - 250 standard liter pr. kg tilfort utgangsmateriale. The pressure is at least lh kg/cm absolute, while at the same time such a quantity of hydrogen-containing gas is preferably led through that the quantity of gas, after cooling the reaction mixture and removing the hydrogen sulphide from the waste gas, is 50 - 250 standard liters per kg added starting material.
Denne gassmengde refererer seg til avlopsgassen da en opp-rettholdelse av et visst gassoverskudd er en betingelse for reaksjonens forlop. Forholdet mellom hydrogen og dannet hydrogensulfid i reaksjonsrommet er derfor av betydning for reaksjonens forlop. Dette forhold kan bare kontrolleres på basis av avlopsproduktene. This amount of gas refers to the waste gas as maintenance of a certain gas surplus is a condition for the progress of the reaction. The ratio between hydrogen and formed hydrogen sulphide in the reaction space is therefore of importance for the progress of the reaction. This ratio can only be controlled on the basis of the waste products.
Den hydrogenholdige gass som skal anvendes ved foreliggende fremgangsmåte, behover ikke å være rent hydrogen, men kan inneholde forurensninger, som nitrogen og methan. En tilstedeværelse av katalysatorgifter, som carbonmonoxyd", bor imidlertid unngås. En. meget egnet gass for anvendelse ved foreliggende fremgangsmåte er en hydrogenrik avgass fra en katalytisk reformer, og en slik gass anvendes fortrinnsvis. The hydrogen-containing gas to be used in the present method does not need to be pure hydrogen, but may contain impurities, such as nitrogen and methane. However, the presence of catalyst poisons, such as carbon monoxide, should be avoided. A very suitable gas for use in the present process is a hydrogen-rich off-gas from a catalytic reformer, and such a gas is preferably used.
Det er mulig å lede gassen både oppad og nedad gjennom reaksjonssonen. I det siste tilfelle kan gass og væske avkjbles samtidig. Fremgangsmåten kan utfores ved et forholdsvis lavt trykk, f.eks. et trykk av hoyst 60 atm., og fortrinnsvis ved et samlet trykk av 14 - 60 ato. It is possible to direct the gas both upwards and downwards through the reaction zone. In the latter case, gas and liquid can be disconnected at the same time. The procedure can be carried out at a relatively low pressure, e.g. a pressure of at most 60 atm., and preferably at a total pressure of 14 - 60 atm.
Det viste seg at under disse betingelser beholdt katalysatoren sin aktivitet i betraktelig tid uten at det var nodvendig med noen mellomliggende regenerering og at det var mulig å oppnå en hoy raffineringsgrad med fjernelse av svovel fra kerosinet. It turned out that under these conditions the catalyst retained its activity for a considerable time without any intermediate regeneration being necessary and that it was possible to achieve a high degree of refining with the removal of sulfur from the kerosene.
Fjernelsen av hydrogen av hbyst 250 liter pr. kg tilfort kerosin, f.eks. 50 - 200 liter hydrogen pr. kg tilfort kerosin, gir en kraftig besparelse av kapitalutlegg og arbeidsomkostninger. The removal of hydrogen from hbyst 250 liters per kg added kerosene, e.g. 50 - 200 liters of hydrogen per kg of added kerosene, provides a significant saving in capital expenditure and labor costs.
Hoyst 80 7» av kerosinet er dampformig. Det viste seg at farvelost kerosin ikke kunne oppnås som sluttprodukt dersom over 80 7<> av kerosinet var dampformig under hydroavsvovlingsbehandlingen. Hoyst 80 7" of the kerosene is vaporous. It turned out that dyeless kerosene could not be obtained as a final product if more than 80% of the kerosene was in vapor form during the hydrodesulfurization treatment.
Forskjellige svovelresistente katalysatorer kan anvendes for raffineringsprosessen. Metallene fra gruppene II - VII i det periodiske system er kjente som slike i form av deres oxyder eller sulfider mens metaller fra gruppe I og gruppe VIII kan anvendes i metallisk form eller i form av en forbindelse, f.eks. et oxyd eller et sulfid, eller' i form av en forbindelse som gir metallene eller deres oxyder eller sulfider. Katalysatorene kan være bårne på bærer-materialer, som aktivt carbon, valkejord, kiselgur, siliciumdioxyd, aluminiumoxyd, pimpesten, bauxit eller brent leire. En meget nyttig katalysator for avsvovling inneholder cobolt og molybden båret på aluminiumoxyd med det anvendte cobolt og molybden i form av oxyder og/eller sulfider. Various sulfur-resistant catalysts can be used for the refining process. The metals from groups II - VII in the periodic table are known as such in the form of their oxides or sulphides, while metals from group I and group VIII can be used in metallic form or in the form of a compound, e.g. an oxide or a sulphide, or' in the form of a compound which gives the metals or their oxides or sulphides. The catalysts can be supported on carrier materials, such as active carbon, rolled earth, diatomaceous earth, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, pumice stone, bauxite or burnt clay. A very useful catalyst for desulphurisation contains cobalt and molybdenum supported on aluminum oxide with the used cobalt and molybdenum in the form of oxides and/or sulphides.
Katalysatorlagets hbyde eller den samlede hbyde for en rekke katalysatorlag anordnet i rekkefolge må være slik at en tilstrekkelig kontakttid sikres. Kontakttiden kan dessuten reguleres ved njelp av til fbrselshastigheten for det utgangsmateriale som skal avsvovles, slik at dette vil stromme over katalysatoren i et lag med varierende tykkelse. The height of the catalyst layer or the total height of a number of catalyst layers arranged in sequence must be such that a sufficient contact time is ensured. The contact time can also be regulated with the help of the process speed for the starting material to be desulphurised, so that this will flow over the catalyst in a layer of varying thickness.
Det er som regel fordelaktig å ta forholdsregler til å fordele væsken jevnt over katalysatorlagene, f.eks. ved hjelp av fordelingsbrett eller en egnet fordeling over en rekke tilfbrselsrbr, og for å opprettholde en jevn fordeling, og for dette formål kan katalysatoren f.eks. være anordnet i en rekke lag med mellomliggende fordelingsbrett. It is usually advantageous to take precautions to distribute the liquid evenly over the catalyst layers, e.g. by means of distribution trays or a suitable distribution over a number of supply pipes, and to maintain an even distribution, and for this purpose the catalyst can e.g. be arranged in a number of layers with intermediate distribution boards.
Det hydrogensulfid og/eller den ammoniakk som dannes ved behandlingen, opplbses helt eller delvis av væsken og kan fjernes fra denne ved en etterbehandling, som ved avdrivning med vanndamp. The hydrogen sulphide and/or the ammonia that is formed during the treatment is completely or partially dissolved by the liquid and can be removed from it by a post-treatment, such as by steam stripping.
Det er mulig å anvende forholdsvis hoye romhastigheter for utgangsmaterialet, f.eks. en romhastighet over 1 kg kerosin pr. liter katalysator pr. time, f.eks. 3 - 5 kg kerosin pr. liter katalysator pr. time. It is possible to use relatively high space velocities for the starting material, e.g. a space velocity above 1 kg of kerosene per liter of catalyst per hour, e.g. 3 - 5 kg of kerosene per liter of catalyst per hour.
Eksempel Example
Et kerosin med et opprinnelig kokepunkt av 150° C og et sluttkokepunkt av 250° C ble avsvovlet under forskjellige reaksjons-betingelser over en sulfidert katalysator inneholdende 3,5 vektX cobolt og 8, i vekt7o molybden båret på aluminiumoxyd. A kerosene with an initial boiling point of 150°C and a final boiling point of 250°C was desulphurised under different reaction conditions over a sulphided catalyst containing 3.5% by weight of cobalt and 8% by weight of molybdenum supported on aluminum oxide.
Utgangskerosinet inneholdt 0,25 vekt70 svovel. Det avsvovlede kerosin inneholdt under 100 deler svovel pr. million deler kerosin. The starting kerosene contained 0.25 wt.70 sulfur. The desulphurised kerosene contained less than 100 parts of sulfur per million parts kerosene.
Reaksjonsbetingelsene og resultatene for fire forskjellige avsvovlingsforsbk er gjengitt i den nedenstående tabell. The reaction conditions and results for four different desulphurisation experiments are reproduced in the table below.
Hydrogenpartialtrykket, beregnet ved hjelp av formelen P,, = 0,133The hydrogen partial pressure, calculated using the formula P,, = 0.133
x T - 28, hvor P^ er hydrogenpartialtrykket i kg/cm og T er reak-sjonstemperat uren i °C, var for forsokene 1-4 hhv. 13,2 kg/cm2, 16,0 kg/cm2, 17,2 kg/cm<2> og 20 kg/cm<2>. x T - 28, where P^ is the hydrogen partial pressure in kg/cm and T is the reaction temperature in °C, were for experiments 1-4 respectively. 13.2 kg/cm2, 16.0 kg/cm2, 17.2 kg/cm<2> and 20 kg/cm<2>.
Tabellen viser derfor at farvelose, avsvovlede kerosiner oppnås innen et reaksjonstemperåturområde av 310 - 360° C dersom hydr.ogen-partialtrykket i kg/cm minst er lik 0,133 ganger reaksjonstemperaturen i °C * 2b og dersom hoyst 80 % av kerosinet er tilstede i dampform. The table therefore shows that colourless, desulphurised kerosenes are obtained within a reaction temperature range of 310 - 360° C if the hydrogen partial pressure in kg/cm is at least equal to 0.133 times the reaction temperature in °C * 2b and if at most 80% of the kerosene is present in vapor form .
Dersom imidlertid hydrogenpartialtrykket i kg/cm<2> er lav-ere enn den beregnede verdi ved hjelp av formelen P = 0,133 T - 28, fåes farvede kerosiner, og dette er meget ubnsket. <2>If, however, the hydrogen partial pressure in kg/cm<2> is lower than the calculated value using the formula P = 0.133 T - 28, colored kerosenes are obtained, and this is very undesirable. <2>
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1216269 | 1969-03-07 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO125492B true NO125492B (en) | 1972-09-18 |
Family
ID=9999492
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO77370A NO125492B (en) | 1969-03-07 | 1970-03-05 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AT (1) | AT299424B (en) |
BE (1) | BE746621A (en) |
CA (1) | CA945923A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2010533A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES377164A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2034726A1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL7003125A (en) |
NO (1) | NO125492B (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2608521A (en) * | 1948-01-06 | 1952-08-26 | Shell Dev | Process for refining carbonaceous material |
GB789988A (en) * | 1954-02-02 | 1958-01-29 | Basf Ag | Improvements in the catalytic pressure refining of crude benzene, crude gasoline, crude kerosene and crude gas oil |
US2952626A (en) * | 1957-08-05 | 1960-09-13 | Union Oil Co | Mixed-phase hydrofining of hydrocarbon oils |
FR1259794A (en) * | 1959-06-24 | 1961-04-28 | British Petroleum Co | Process for improving the color and its stability of hydrocarbon fractions with unstable color |
-
1970
- 1970-01-23 CA CA072,985A patent/CA945923A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-02-27 BE BE746621D patent/BE746621A/en unknown
- 1970-03-05 AT AT206570A patent/AT299424B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1970-03-05 NL NL7003125A patent/NL7003125A/xx unknown
- 1970-03-05 NO NO77370A patent/NO125492B/no unknown
- 1970-03-05 ES ES377164A patent/ES377164A1/en not_active Expired
- 1970-03-05 FR FR7007873A patent/FR2034726A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1970-03-05 DE DE19702010533 patent/DE2010533A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2034726A1 (en) | 1970-12-11 |
DE2010533A1 (en) | 1970-09-24 |
ES377164A1 (en) | 1972-06-01 |
CA945923A (en) | 1974-04-23 |
AT299424B (en) | 1972-06-26 |
NL7003125A (en) | 1970-09-09 |
BE746621A (en) | 1970-08-27 |
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