NO120919B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO120919B NO120919B NO168564A NO16856467A NO120919B NO 120919 B NO120919 B NO 120919B NO 168564 A NO168564 A NO 168564A NO 16856467 A NO16856467 A NO 16856467A NO 120919 B NO120919 B NO 120919B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- gunpowder
- liquid
- tubular
- elements
- channels
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PZIMIYVOZBTARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N centralite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(CC)C(=O)N(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 PZIMIYVOZBTARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitroglycerin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000006 Nitroglycerin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003711 glyceryl trinitrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
- B65D41/02—Caps or cap-like covers without lines of weakness, tearing strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices
- B65D41/28—Caps combined with stoppers
- B65D41/30—Deformable caps combined with resilient stoppers to permit re-use as temporary closures
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte til overflatebehandling av rørformet krutt. Procedure for surface treatment of tubular gunpowder.
For at ildvåpens energi skal økes til et maksimum bør man iallfall i en del av In order for the firearm's energy to be increased to a maximum, one should at least in part of
kruttladningen anvende krutt som har rørform. For det samme formål bør det rørformede krutts potensial avta til en viss dybde, slik at dets forbrenningshastighet avtar, hvilket kan oppnås ved en passende behandling av ytterflaten av det rørfor-mede krutt. Denne behandling kan bestå i en «flegmatisering» eller en partiell denitrering av kruttet, som f. eks. består av nitroglyserin, militær skytebomull med CPt eller CP2 eller blandinger derav. the gunpowder charge use gunpowder that has a tube shape. For the same purpose, the potential of the tubular gunpowder should decrease to a certain depth, so that its burning rate decreases, which can be achieved by a suitable treatment of the outer surface of the tubular gunpowder. This treatment can consist of a "phlegmatization" or a partial denitrification of the gunpowder, such as e.g. consists of nitroglycerin, military shooting cotton with CPt or CP2 or mixtures thereof.
Men i et hvert tilfelle må denne behandling anvendes forsiktig — eller en-dog utelates — på den indre overflate av kanalen i de rørformede kruttprqdukter. Det samme gjelder for rørformede élemen-ter som har mange innvendige kanaler. But in each case this treatment must be applied carefully - or even omitted - on the inner surface of the channel in the tubular gunpowder products. The same applies to tubular elements that have many internal channels.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse går ut på The present invention is based on
en fremgangsmåte ved hvilken den ytre overflate av rørformet krutt kan behand-les uten at det samtidig foregår en til-svarende behandling av en eller flere aksiale sylindriske kanaler som er anordnet i kruttet og som har liten diameter men forholdsvis stor lengde. a method by which the outer surface of tubular gunpowder can be treated without a corresponding treatment taking place at the same time of one or more axial cylindrical channels which are arranged in the gunpowder and which have a small diameter but a relatively large length.
Fremgangsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen består i en kombinasjon av føl-gende trekk: a) Som behandlingsmateriale anvendes det en væske som inneholder et aktivt stoff, hvor de fysiske betingelser som bestemmer det aktive stoffs inntrengning i selve kruttets rørformede deler, dvs. tem-peraturen av væsken og konsentrasjonen av det virksomme stoff, er regulert alt etter anvendelsesforholdene, slik at det virksomme stoffs inntrengning i det indre av de rørformede kruttelementer i første rekke er avhengig av en omrøringsvirk-ning i den aktive væske. b) Neddykking av de rørformede elementer i væsken. The method according to the invention consists of a combination of the following features: a) A liquid containing an active substance is used as the treatment material, where the physical conditions determine the penetration of the active substance into the gunpowder's tubular parts, i.e. the temperature of the liquid and the concentration of the active substance are regulated according to the conditions of use, so that the penetration of the active substance into the inner of the tubular gunpowder elements primarily depends on a stirring effect in the active liquid. b) Immersion of the tubular elements in the liquid.
c) Omrøring av væsken. c) Agitation of the liquid.
På grunn av denne omrøring innvirker Because of this stirring affects
det virksomme stoff på ytterflaten av kruttets rørformede elementer men derimot ikke på overflaten av de indre kanaler, til hvilke omrøringen av væsken ikke forplanter seg. Den enkle berøring med en aktiv væske uten omrøring av denne har bare en meget begrenset virkning fordi de fysiske faktorer som bestemmer inntrengningen av det aktive stoff i kruttet, er blitt regulert slik at inntrengningen i hovedsaken betinges av at væsken omrø-res. Den aktive væske kan for eksempel bestå av en kolloidal dispersjon av centralit i 80° varmt vann. the active substance on the outer surface of the gunpowder's tubular elements, but not on the surface of the inner channels, to which the stirring of the liquid does not propagate. The simple contact with an active liquid without stirring it has only a very limited effect because the physical factors that determine the penetration of the active substance into the gunpowder have been regulated so that the penetration is mainly conditioned by the liquid being stirred. The active liquid can, for example, consist of a colloidal dispersion of centralite in 80° warm water.
Den enkle berøring mellom den aktive væske og veggene av kanalen eller kanalene i kruttelementene kan også praktisk talt undertrykkes ved at man i kanalen først innfører en væske som er inert i for-hold til kruttet, og som fortrinnsvis ikke er blandbar med den aktive væske. Den inerte væske kan for eksempel være et kullvann-stoff hvis den aktive væske er en kolloidal dispersjon i vann. The simple contact between the active liquid and the walls of the channel or channels in the gunpowder elements can also be practically suppressed by first introducing into the channel a liquid which is inert in relation to the gunpowder, and which is preferably not miscible with the active liquid. The inert liquid can, for example, be a coal water substance if the active liquid is a colloidal dispersion in water.
Det er tilstrekkelig hvis man først dypper de rørformede kruttelementer i den anvendte inerte væske. Ved kapillarvirk-somhet fylles de trange kanaler i kruttelementene med denne væske, og væsken bibeholdes i kanalene når kruttet føres ut av badet og inert væske, og under over-føringen til og dyppingen i et bad av aktivt behandlingsmateriale. It is sufficient if the tubular gunpowder elements are first dipped in the inert liquid used. By capillary action, the narrow channels in the gunpowder elements are filled with this liquid, and the liquid is retained in the channels when the gunpowder is led out of the bath and inert liquid, and during the transfer to and immersion in a bath of active treatment material.
Etter denne behandling kan det indre av kanalene i de rørformede kruttelementer tørkes på en hvilken som helst egnet måte. After this treatment, the interior of the channels in the tubular gunpowder elements can be dried in any suitable manner.
Fremgangsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen kan som nevnt anvendes for alle typer av rørformet krutt, som har en eller flere aksiale kanaler. As mentioned, the method according to the invention can be used for all types of tubular gunpowder, which has one or more axial channels.
Den aktive væske som frembringer den ønskede overflatevirkning, kan bestå av en direkte aktiv væske, for eksempel av en natriumsaltoppløsning som bevirker en partiell denitrering av kruttet. The active liquid which produces the desired surface effect can consist of a directly active liquid, for example of a sodium salt solution which causes a partial denitration of the gunpowder.
Videre kan det aktive stoff være virke-lig oppløst, eller være kolloidalt suspen-dert i en væske, slik at det hele danner den aktive væske. Furthermore, the active substance can be actually dissolved, or be colloidally suspended in a liquid, so that the whole forms the active liquid.
«Behandlingen» av overflaten kan f. eks. bestå i at et passende stoff trenger inn i kruttet i en viss dybde. The "treatment" of the surface can e.g. consist of a suitable substance penetrating the gunpowder to a certain depth.
Behandlingen kan også bestå i en mere eller mindre fullstendig denitrering av kruttet til en viss dybde. The treatment can also consist of a more or less complete denitrification of the gunpowder to a certain depth.
Oppfinnelsen kan i det hele tatt modi-fiseres på forskjellige måter uten at dens ramme overskrides. In general, the invention can be modified in various ways without exceeding its scope.
Utførelseseksempel : Et krutt bestående av enkeltrør som har 4 mm lengde, utvendig diameter 1,80 mm og innvendig diameter 0,20 mm har følgende sammensetning: ca. 99,3 pst. nitrocellulose med 12,45 pst. kvelstoff, Design example: A gunpowder consisting of a single tube that has a length of 4 mm, an external diameter of 1.80 mm and an internal diameter of 0.20 mm has the following composition: approx. 99.3 percent nitrocellulose with 12.45 percent nitrogen,
ca. 0,7 pst. difenylamin. about. 0.7% diphenylamine.
Dette krutt dyppes i vann som er blitt oppvarmet til 80° C. Vannet fyller ved kapillarvirkning den indre kanal i kruttpartiklene. Det hele holdes på 80°, og man tilsetter etterhvert den ønskede mengde vann og «centralit» (symmetrisk dietyl-difenylurinstoff). Det sistnevnte stoff smelter, dispergeres mekanisk i vannet og danner i dette en kolloidal suspensjon hvis fine partikler ved omrøringen stadig dri-ves mot ytterflaten av de rørformede kruttpartikler og trenger inn gjennom ytterflaten. This gunpowder is dipped in water that has been heated to 80° C. The water fills the inner channel in the gunpowder particles by capillary action. The whole thing is kept at 80°, and the desired amount of water and "centralite" (symmetrical diethyl-diphenylurea) are gradually added. The latter substance melts, is dispersed mechanically in the water and forms in this a colloidal suspension whose fine particles are constantly driven towards the outer surface by the tubular gunpowder particles during the stirring and penetrate through the outer surface.
Ikke noe centralit vil trenge inn i kruttpartiklene fra disses indre kanal, da denne er fylt med rent vann og omrør-ingsbevegelsene ikke forplanter seg inn i kanalene. No centralite will penetrate the gunpowder particles from their inner channel, as this is filled with clean water and the stirring movements do not propagate into the channels.
Når den ønskede behandling er ferdig etter 2 timers forløp blir kruttet tatt ut av væsken og tørket. When the desired treatment is finished after 2 hours, the gunpowder is taken out of the liquid and dried.
Kruttets sammensetning i de behand-lede partier er da: ca. 96,3 pst. nitrocellulose, ca. 3 pst centralit, ca. 0,7 pst. difenylamin. Den tilførte centralit vil forbli i de ytterste partier av de rørformede kruttpartikler. The composition of the gunpowder in the treated batches is then: approx. 96.3 percent nitrocellulose, approx. 3 percent centralite, approx. 0.7% diphenylamine. The added centralite will remain in the outermost parts of the tubular gunpowder particles.
Disse kruttpartiklers forbrenningstem-peratur og -hastighet vil være meget ned-satt under forbrenningen av det parti som har absorbert centralit, mens forbren-ningshastigheten derimot vil være nor-mal fra den indre kanal i kruttrørene. The combustion temperature and speed of these gunpowder particles will be greatly reduced during the combustion of the part that has absorbed centralite, while the combustion speed, on the other hand, will be normal from the inner channel in the gunpowder tubes.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE8218/66A SE316693B (en) | 1966-06-15 | 1966-06-15 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO120919B true NO120919B (en) | 1970-12-21 |
Family
ID=20273463
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO168564A NO120919B (en) | 1966-06-15 | 1967-06-12 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DK (1) | DK120983B (en) |
NO (1) | NO120919B (en) |
SE (1) | SE316693B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3409425A1 (en) * | 1984-03-15 | 1985-09-26 | Michael Hörauf Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co KG, 7334 Süssen | PAPER CONTAINER WITH A DOUBLE WALL WINDED SHEATH AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
-
1966
- 1966-06-15 SE SE8218/66A patent/SE316693B/xx unknown
-
1967
- 1967-06-12 NO NO168564A patent/NO120919B/no unknown
- 1967-06-14 DK DK309067AA patent/DK120983B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK120983B (en) | 1971-08-09 |
SE316693B (en) | 1969-10-27 |
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