NO117776B - - Google Patents
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- NO117776B NO117776B NO166587A NO16658767A NO117776B NO 117776 B NO117776 B NO 117776B NO 166587 A NO166587 A NO 166587A NO 16658767 A NO16658767 A NO 16658767A NO 117776 B NO117776 B NO 117776B
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- egg yolk
- microorganisms
- fermentation
- tasters
- deoxygenated
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- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 29
- 235000013345 egg yolk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 26
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 20
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000015067 sauces Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000194017 Streptococcus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000010746 mayonnaise Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000008268 mayonnaise Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000015071 dressings Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000192132 Leuconostoc Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012045 salad Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013618 yogurt Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, potassium salt (1:1), (2E,4E)- Chemical compound [K+].CC=CC=CC([O-])=O CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001468155 Lactobacillaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006002 Pepper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016761 Piper aduncum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017804 Piper guineense Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000203593 Piper nigrum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000607142 Salmonella Species 0.000 description 1
- ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl isothiocyanate Chemical compound C=CCN=C=S ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008164 mustard oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009928 pasteurization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004302 potassium sorbate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010241 potassium sorbate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940069338 potassium sorbate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014438 salad dressings Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020183 skimmed milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B5/00—Preservation of eggs or egg products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B20/00—Preservation of edible oils or fats
- A23B20/10—Preservation of edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L15/00—Egg products; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L15/00—Egg products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L15/25—Addition or treatment with microorganisms or enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/60—Salad dressings; Mayonnaise; Ketchup
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Seasonings (AREA)
- Seeds, Soups, And Other Foods (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av ferdiglagede sauser med forbedret stabilitet mot organisk nedbrytning. Process for the production of ready-made sauces with improved stability against organic degradation.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av ferdiglagede sauser (dressings) med forbedret stabilitet mot organisk nedbrytning. The present invention relates to a method for the production of ready-made sauces (dressings) with improved stability against organic degradation.
Ferdiglagede sauser for matvarer som f.eks. salater, består ofte i alt vesentlig av en emulsjon av en olje og et surt, vandig medium som inneholder en vesentlig mengde eggeplommer. Syren, som i alminnelighet er eddiksyre, har til oppgave å virke både som konserveringsmiddel og for å gi produktet den ønskede smak. Majones er et alminnelig kjent eksempel på en slik saus. Ready-made sauces for foods such as salads, often essentially consist of an emulsion of an oil and an acidic, aqueous medium containing a significant amount of egg yolks. The acid, which is generally acetic acid, has the task of acting both as a preservative and to give the product the desired taste. Mayonnaise is a commonly known example of such a sauce.
Det er vel kjent at slike sauser utsettes for organisk nedbrytning under lagring og at nedbrytningsprosessen'er innviklet. It is well known that such sauces are exposed to organic degradation during storage and that the degradation process is complicated.
Formålet for foreliggende oppfinnelse er å tilveiebringe en ferdiglaget saus av den ovenfor nevnte type med forbedret be- standighet mot organisk nedbrytning, og således ogsa med forbedret lagringsstabilitet. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ready-made sauce of the above-mentioned type with improved resistance to organic decomposition, and thus also with improved storage stability.
I henhold til det foran anførte går fremgangsmåten ut på fremstilling av ferdiglagede sauser (dressings) med forbedret stabilitet mot organisk nedbrytning, av den art som i alt vesentlig består av en emulsjon av et oljeaktig medium, et surt vandig medium og en vesentlig mengde eggeplomme, hvor komponentene blandes og emulgeres i alt vesentlig i fravær av oksygen, og det karak-teristiske ved fremgangsmåten er at eggeplommen desoksygeneres ved fermentering med mikroorganismer som vokser på fermenterba- In accordance with the foregoing, the method consists in the production of ready-made sauces (dressings) with improved stability against organic degradation, of the kind which essentially consist of an emulsion of an oily medium, an acidic aqueous medium and a significant amount of egg yolk, where the components are mixed and emulsified essentially in the absence of oxygen, and the characteristic feature of the method is that the egg yolk is deoxygenated by fermentation with microorganisms that grow on the fermenter
re karbohydrater og deretter blandes og emulgeres med det oljeaktige og vandige medium som er omhyggelig desoksygenert. re carbohydrates and then mixed and emulsified with the oily and aqueous medium which is carefully deoxygenated.
Andre trekk ved fremgangsmåten vil fremgå av den følgen-de beskrivelse. Other features of the method will be apparent from the following description.
Bestanddelene desoksygeneres fortrinnsvis i en slik grad at oksygeninnholdet blir mindre enn 0,1 d.p.m. - et innhold av denne størrelsesorden kan ikke fastslåes ved de nuværende analy-semetoder. The components are preferably deoxygenated to such an extent that the oxygen content is less than 0.1 d.p.m. - a content of this magnitude cannot be determined by the current analysis methods.
Innholdet av fritt oksygen i nylig fremstilte sauser kan skrive seg fra flere kilder, f.eks. fra oksygen som er oppløst i det vandige medium, fra oksygen som er oppløst i oljen,fra oksygen som er oppløst i eggeplommene og fra oksygen som innføres i sluttproduktet under emulgeringsprosessen (i form av små luftbob-ler som finnes i emulsjonen) eller til og med under pakkingen. The content of free oxygen in newly produced sauces can be written from several sources, e.g. from oxygen that is dissolved in the aqueous medium, from oxygen that is dissolved in the oil, from oxygen that is dissolved in the egg yolks and from oxygen that is introduced into the final product during the emulsification process (in the form of small air bubbles found in the emulsion) or to and included under the packaging.
De oljeaktige og de vandige bestanddeler i sausen kan desoksygeneres ved kjente fremgangsmåter, forutsatt at disse fremgangsmåter ikke har noen uheldig innflytelse på sausens ønskede egenskaper. Eksempler på egnede desoksygenerings-fremgangsmåter omfatter bobling av en nøytral og uskadelig gass, som f. eks. nitrogen, gjennom materialet, og/eller anvendelse av vakuum. Materialet som desoksygeneres, kan være oppvarmet og/eller omrørt under anvendelsen av disse fremgangsmåter. The oily and the aqueous components in the sauce can be deoxygenated by known methods, provided that these methods have no adverse influence on the desired properties of the sauce. Examples of suitable deoxygenation methods include bubbling a neutral and harmless gas, such as nitrogen, through the material, and/or application of vacuum. The material being deoxygenated may be heated and/or agitated during the use of these methods.
Spesielt i forbindelse med oljen foretrekkes det å an-vende en kombinasjon av bobling, oppvarmning og omrøring eller bobling, oppvarmning og vakuum. Especially in connection with the oil, it is preferred to use a combination of bubbling, heating and stirring or bubbling, heating and vacuum.
For å motvirke at oksygen iblandes sluttproduktet under emulgeringstrinnet, utføres denne emulgeringen fortrinnsvis ved at oksygen i vesentlig grad stenges ute, f.eks. ved å erstatte luften i (og hvis nødvendig rundt) emulgeringsapparaturen ved hjelp av en inert eller nøytral gass. For å oppnå dette kan ap-paraturen f.eks. anbringes under hette som den inerte gassen fø-res inn i, eller i en tank som er fylt med den inerte gassen. In order to prevent oxygen from being mixed into the final product during the emulsification step, this emulsification is preferably carried out by essentially shutting out oxygen, e.g. by replacing the air in (and if necessary around) the emulsifying apparatus with an inert or neutral gas. To achieve this, the device can e.g. placed under a hood into which the inert gas is introduced, or in a tank filled with the inert gas.
Skjønt den oksygenmengde som skriver seg fra de oljeaktige og de vandige bestanddeler er meget større enn den mengde som skriver seg fra eggeplommen, - og denne sistnevnte mengde er i vir-keligheten meget liten, i alminnelighet omkring 0,5 til 1,0 d.p.m. i sluttproduktet, - er det funnet at denne sistnevnte mengde har en betraktelig innvirkning på motstandsdyktigheten mot organisk nedbrytning, og derfor fjernes den fortrinnsvis i vesentlig grad. Vi har funnet at oksygen som er tilstede i en ikke-emulgert eggeplomme har forholdsvis liten uheldig innvirkning, men at den uheldige inn-virkningen oppstår så snart som eggeplommen fordeles i emulsjonen. Although the amount of oxygen which is written from the oily and the watery constituents is much greater than the amount which is written from the yolk, - and this latter amount is in reality very small, generally about 0.5 to 1.0 d.p.m. in the final product, - it has been found that this latter quantity has a considerable effect on the resistance to organic decomposition, and therefore it is preferably removed to a significant extent. We have found that oxygen present in a non-emulsified egg yolk has relatively little adverse effect, but that the adverse effect occurs as soon as the egg yolk is distributed in the emulsion.
Prinsipielt kan oksygenet i eggeplommen fjernes ved å boble en inert eller nøytral gass gjennom eggeplommen, men dette kan medføre vanskeligheter som skyldes skumdannelse. In principle, the oxygen in the egg yolk can be removed by bubbling an inert or neutral gas through the egg yolk, but this can cause difficulties due to foam formation.
En omhyggelig desoksygenering av sausen ved hjelp av de ovenfor nevnte, kjente metoder, efter emulgeringen er meget vanskelig eller umulig, noe som blant annet skyldes produktets viskosi-tet. Desoksygenering av blandingen ved disse fremgangsmåter, selv ved høyere temperaturer for å sikre en tilstrekkelig lav viskosi-tet efter tilsetning av eggeplommen, vil også være vanskelig som en følge av skumdannelse. Careful deoxygenation of the sauce using the above-mentioned, known methods, after emulsification is very difficult or impossible, which is due, among other things, to the viscosity of the product. Deoxygenation of the mixture by these methods, even at higher temperatures to ensure a sufficiently low viscosity after addition of the egg yolk, will also be difficult as a result of foam formation.
Vi har nu funnet at eggeplommen kan desoksygeneres påWe have now found that the egg yolk can be deoxygenated
en hensiktsmessig måte før den settes til sausen, ved fermentering med mikroorganismer som er i stand til å vokse på fermenterbare sukre, hvis nødvendig kan egnede fermenterbare karbohydrater, som sukkerarter settes til eggeplommen. an appropriate way before it is added to the sauce, by fermentation with microorganisms capable of growing on fermentable sugars, if necessary, suitable fermentable carbohydrates, such as sugars, can be added to the egg yolk.
Fermenteringen utføres fortrinnsvis ved hjelp av mikroorganismer av familien Lactobacteriaceae. Den ønskede fermentering kan f.eks. finne sted ved hjelp av stammer av slektene Streptococcus spp. eller Leuconostoc spp. (Kfr. boken T. Vincent Nissen: Mikroorganismenes liv, s. 19). En kultur av disse organismene som f.eks. kan anvendes er en som i alminnelighet brukes for surning av fløte i forbindelse med fremstilling av smør. Det anvendes fortrinnsvis 0,3 til 10 % av en slik begynneIseskultur, slik at The fermentation is preferably carried out with the help of microorganisms of the family Lactobacteriaceae. The desired fermentation can e.g. take place with the help of strains of the genera Streptococcus spp. or Leuconostoc spp. (Cf. the book T. Vincent Nissen: Mikroorganismenes liv, p. 19). A culture of these organisms such as can be used is one that is generally used for souring cream in connection with the production of butter. Preferably 0.3 to 10% of such an initial ice culture is used, so that
8 10 8 10
den opprinnelige konsentrasjon i eggeplommen er 3 x 10 -10 organismer pr. ml. Fermenteringen finner i alminnelighet sted ved temperaturer fra 16 til 25°C, fortrinnsvis ved omkring 20°C. the original concentration in the egg yolk is 3 x 10 -10 organisms per ml. The fermentation generally takes place at temperatures from 16 to 25°C, preferably at around 20°C.
En lignende fermentering oppnåes ved organismer av slek-ten Lactobacillus spp. En kultur som kan anvendes, er derfor en A similar fermentation is achieved by organisms of the genus Lactobacillus spp. A culture that can be used is therefore a
som i alminnelighet brukes ved fremstilling av yoghurt. Fortrinnsvis brukes 2 % til 10 % av en slik yoghurt-kultur inneholdende 10^ organismer pr. ml. Fermenteringen foretas i alminnelighet i dette tilfelle ved 40 til 50°C, fortrinnsvis ved 45°C. which is generally used in the production of yoghurt. Preferably, 2% to 10% of such a yogurt culture containing 10^ organisms per ml. The fermentation is generally carried out in this case at 40 to 50°C, preferably at 45°C.
Eggeplommen inneholder noe glukose, som kan tjene som næringskilde for mikroorganismene, men det foretrekkes å øke denne næringskilde ved å sette til en ekstra mengde glukose (f.eks. opptil omkring 3 vektprosent) eller andre lett fermenterbare karbohydrater, som f.eks. laktose. Det tilsettes fortrinnsvis 1 vektprosent fermenterbart sukker til eggeplommen. The yolk contains some glucose, which can serve as a food source for the microorganisms, but it is preferred to increase this food source by adding an extra amount of glucose (e.g. up to about 3% by weight) or other easily fermentable carbohydrates, such as e.g. lactose. Preferably 1 percent by weight of fermentable sugar is added to the egg yolk.
Eggeplommen behandles fortrinnsvis før fermenteringen for å drepe uønskede mikroorganismer som måtte være tilstede, f.eks. Salmonella, spp. Dette kan f.eks. gjøres ved pasteurisering ved omkring 60°C i 2 minutter. The egg yolk is preferably treated before fermentation to kill any unwanted microorganisms that may be present, e.g. Salmonella, spp. This can e.g. is done by pasteurization at around 60°C for 2 minutes.
Fermenteringen av eggeplommen finner fortrinnsvis sted før konserveringsmidler er blitt tilsatt, men en mindre mengde salt (ikke mer enn 5 %) eller sorbinsyre (ikke mer enn 0,5 %) The fermentation of the egg yolk preferably takes place before preservatives have been added, but a small amount of salt (not more than 5%) or sorbic acid (not more than 0.5%)
kan godtaes.can be accepted.
I noen sauser eller dressinger brukes hele egget iste-denfor bare eggeplommen. Desoksygeneringen ved fermentering finner da sted på samme måte som nettopp beskrevet. In some sauces or dressings, the whole egg is used - therefore only the yolk. The deoxygenation during fermentation then takes place in the same way as just described.
I henhold til foreliggende oppfinnelse finner fermenteringen fortrinnsvis sted under utelukkelse av oksygen, f.eks. ved å erstatte luften i rommet over væsken i fermenteringskaret med en inert gass, slik som nitrogen. According to the present invention, the fermentation preferably takes place under the exclusion of oxygen, e.g. by replacing the air in the space above the liquid in the fermentation vessel with an inert gas, such as nitrogen.
Efter at eggeplommen som er blitt behandlet som ovenfor beskrevet, er blandet med de øvrige bestanddeler, drepes eller uskadeliggjøres mikroorganismene, slike som Leuconostoc ved hjelp av syren eller blandingen av syre og salt, slik at en eventuell ytterligere uønsket virkning av mikroorganismene motvirkes. Ved blandingen av ingrediensene for emulgeringen, må luft-tilførsel naturligvis unngåes. After the egg yolk, which has been treated as described above, is mixed with the other ingredients, the microorganisms, such as Leuconostoc, are killed or rendered harmless by means of the acid or the mixture of acid and salt, so that any further unwanted effect of the microorganisms is counteracted. When mixing the ingredients for the emulsification, air supply must of course be avoided.
Hvis sausen eller dressingen skal pakkes, må denne pakkingen fortrinnsvis finne sted under utelukkelse av oksygen, noe som igjen kan oppnåes ved å erstatte luften med en inert gass. If the sauce or dressing is to be packed, this packing must preferably take place under the exclusion of oxygen, which in turn can be achieved by replacing the air with an inert gas.
Et eksempel som sammenligner en majones fremstilt uten desoksygenering av eggeplommene (a) og en majones i henhold til den foretrukne utføreIsesform av den foreliggende oppfinnelse (b) hvor eggeplommene er blitt desoksygenert ved fermentering, er an-gitt nedenfor. Det må legges merke til at med andre ferdiglagede salatsauser, slike som salatkrem ("salad cream"), ble lignende re-sultater oppnådd. An example comparing a mayonnaise produced without deoxygenation of the egg yolks (a) and a mayonnaise according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention (b) where the egg yolks have been deoxygenated by fermentation is given below. It must be noted that with other ready-made salad dressings, such as salad cream, similar results were obtained.
EKSEMPEL AEXAMPLE A
Det ble fremstilt 80 kg majones med den følgende sammensetning: 80 kg of mayonnaise with the following composition was produced:
Eddiken og vannet ble blandet. Sukker, salt og kalium-sorbat ble oppløst i denne blandingen. Derefter ble de oljeopp-løselige bestanddeler (olje for farvning og sennepsolje) blandet med oljen. The vinegar and water were mixed. Sugar, salt and potassium sorbate were dissolved in this mixture. Then the oil-soluble ingredients (oil for coloring and mustard oil) were mixed with the oil.
Det oljeaktige medium ble desoksygenert under omrøring ved at det ble boblet fint dispergert nitrogengass" {som inneholdt mindre enn 50 d.p.m. oksygen) gjennom det, med en hastighet på 0,5 liter nitrogen pr. liter olje pr. minutt ved romtempe-ratur i 1 time. The oily medium was deoxygenated with stirring by bubbling finely dispersed nitrogen gas" (containing less than 50 d.p.m. oxygen) through it at a rate of 0.5 liters of nitrogen per liter of oil per minute at room temperature for 1 hour.
Det vandige medium ble desoksygenert på samme måte. Til dette vandige medium ble den pasteuriserte eggeplomme tilsatt. The aqueous medium was deoxygenated in the same way. To this aqueous medium was added the pasteurized egg yolk.
Det oljeaktige medium ble derefter tilsatt denne blandingen og emulgert under langsom omrøring i et kar som var utstyrt med en røreanordning, og hvorfra luften var blitt drevet ut ved innfø-ring av nitrogengass. The oily medium was then added to this mixture and emulsified with slow stirring in a vessel equipped with a stirring device, and from which the air had been driven out by the introduction of nitrogen gas.
Pepperet ble tilsatt og røringen fortsattes i 10 minutter. På denne måte ble det fremstilt en grov for-emulsjon. For-emulsjonen ble derefter ført gjennom en "Mannesmann Emulsor" The pepper was added and the stirring continued for 10 minutes. In this way, a rough pre-emulsion was produced. The pre-emulsion was then passed through a "Mannesmann Emulsor"
(homogenisator) med en kapasitet på 100 kg/time. (homogenizer) with a capacity of 100 kg/hour.
Mannesmann-homogenisatoren ble anbragt i en tank med lokk, gjennom hvilket for-emulsjonen ble ført inn, og som var utstyrt med åpninger for tilførsel og uttak av gassen. Tanken var også utstyrt med åpninger hvor det var anbragt tette hansker slik at beholderne kunne manipuleres. Beholderne ble ført inn gjennom en luftsluse og også «-vakuert gjennom en luftsluse. En strøm med nitrogengass ble ledet gjennom tanken med en slik hastighet at oksygeninnholdet i tanken ble holdt under 50 d.p.m. The Mannesmann homogenizer was placed in a tank with a lid, through which the pre-emulsion was introduced, and which was equipped with openings for the supply and withdrawal of the gas. The tank was also equipped with openings where tight gloves were placed so that the containers could be manipulated. The containers were brought in through an airlock and also «-vacuated through an airlock. A stream of nitrogen gas was passed through the tank at such a rate that the oxygen content in the tank was kept below 50 d.p.m.
Den resulterende emulsjonen som strømmet ut av homogenisatoren ble anbragt i 200 ml flasker og tett tillukket ved hjelp av The resulting emulsion flowing out of the homogenizer was placed in 200 ml bottles and tightly closed using
skrukorker. Rommet over majonesen var omkring 3 ml.screw caps. The space above the mayonnaise was about 3 ml.
EKSEMPEL BEXAMPLE B
Det ble fremstilt en majones av de samme bestanddeler som i eksempel A. A mayonnaise was prepared from the same ingredients as in example A.
Eggeplommene ble behandlet på følgende måte: De ble først pasteurisert i en vanlig plate-varareveksler ved 60°C i 2 minutter og efter nedkjøling til 20°C ble de overført til et rust-fritt stålkar som var forsynt med en kappe, karets lokk var utstyrt med et. rørerverk, og en innførselsåpning og et uttak for gassen. 3 % glukose ble tilsatt (i form av en 30 % for-sterili-sert oppløsning) og 5 % av en Lactobacillaceae begynnelseskultur, av den type som anvendes for surning av fløte ved fremstilling av smør som var dyrket i skummetmelk, og som inneholdt en blanding av stammer av Streptococcus spp. og Leuconostoc spp. Begynnelses-kulturen ble blandet omhyggelig med eggeplommene. Luften i rommet over væsken i karet ble fjernet ved at det ble ledet igjennom et 10 ganger så stort volum av oksygenfri nitrogen. Tilførselsåpnin-gen og uttaket for gassen ble derefter lukket. The egg yolks were treated in the following way: They were first pasteurized in a regular plate heat exchanger at 60°C for 2 minutes and after cooling to 20°C they were transferred to a stainless steel vessel fitted with a jacket, the vessel's lid was equipped with a stirrer, and an inlet opening and an outlet for the gas. 3% glucose was added (in the form of a 30% pre-sterilized solution) and 5% of a Lactobacillaceae starter culture, of the type used for souring cream in the manufacture of butter which had been cultured in skimmed milk, and which contained a mixture of strains of Streptococcus spp. and Leuconostoc spp. The starting culture was carefully mixed with the egg yolks. The air in the space above the liquid in the vessel was removed by passing it through a 10 times larger volume of oxygen-free nitrogen. The supply opening and outlet for the gas were then closed.
Fermenteringen fant sted ved 20°C i 24 timer. Tempera-turen ble regulert med termostatisk kontrollert vann som ble ført gjennom karets kappe. Fermentation took place at 20°C for 24 hours. The temperature was regulated with thermostatically controlled water that was passed through the vessel's jacket.
Det oljeaktige medium og det vandige medium ble desoksygenert på samme måte som beskrevet i eksempel A. The oily medium and the aqueous medium were deoxygenated in the same manner as described in Example A.
Det oljeaktige medium, det vandige medium og den fermen-terte eggeplomme ble målt til det nitrogenfylte, omrørte kar ved hjelp av en tre-sylindret måle-pumpe og behandlet videre slik som i eksempel A. Med hensyn til mengdene av de anvendte bestanddeler, ble tatt hensyn til den mengde melkesyre som ble dannet av den tilsatte kultur og den tilsatte glukose. På denne måten opp-stod følgende sammensetning: The oily medium, the aqueous medium and the fermented egg yolk were metered into the nitrogen-filled, stirred vessel by means of a three-cylinder metering pump and processed further as in Example A. With regard to the amounts of the ingredients used, taking into account the amount of lactic acid that was formed from the added culture and the added glucose. In this way, the following composition arose:
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB3665/66A GB1130634A (en) | 1966-01-27 | 1966-01-27 | Treatment of food dressings |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO117776B true NO117776B (en) | 1969-09-22 |
Family
ID=9762627
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO166587A NO117776B (en) | 1966-01-27 | 1967-01-26 |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AT (1) | AT286756B (en) |
BE (1) | BE693308A (en) |
CH (1) | CH498587A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1692798A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES336167A1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI43523B (en) |
FR (1) | FR1509598A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1130634A (en) |
LU (1) | LU52897A1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL6701220A (en) |
NO (1) | NO117776B (en) |
SE (1) | SE335667B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3937814A (en) | 1971-09-13 | 1976-02-10 | Dirigo Corporation | Compositions for safe extension of storage life of foods |
JPS5312986B2 (en) * | 1972-07-26 | 1978-05-06 | ||
DE2510705A1 (en) * | 1975-03-12 | 1976-09-23 | Fauser Vitaquell | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING AN EMULSION FROM FAT AND WATER, IN PARTICULAR MARGARINE AND HALF-FAT MARGARINE |
NL7907831A (en) * | 1979-10-25 | 1981-04-28 | Unilever Nv | PROCESS FOR PREPARING A PRESERVATIVE-FREE OIL-IN-WATER EMULSION |
IT1320832B1 (en) * | 2000-11-07 | 2003-12-10 | Egg Plus Engineering Di Fantol | PROCESS AND PLANT FOR THE TREATMENT OF EXIMILE EGG PRODUCTS, INTENDED FOR FOOD USE. |
NL1026754C2 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-02-02 | Friesland Brands Bv | Method for conditioning liquid, neutral products, as well as the products obtained and available with them. |
-
1966
- 1966-01-27 GB GB3665/66A patent/GB1130634A/en not_active Expired
-
1967
- 1967-01-26 NL NL6701220A patent/NL6701220A/xx unknown
- 1967-01-26 NO NO166587A patent/NO117776B/no unknown
- 1967-01-27 LU LU52897D patent/LU52897A1/xx unknown
- 1967-01-27 SE SE01231/67A patent/SE335667B/xx unknown
- 1967-01-27 CH CH122967A patent/CH498587A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1967-01-27 DE DE19671692798 patent/DE1692798A1/en active Pending
- 1967-01-27 AT AT78667A patent/AT286756B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1967-01-27 FR FR92867A patent/FR1509598A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-01-27 FI FI0238/67A patent/FI43523B/fi active
- 1967-01-27 BE BE693308D patent/BE693308A/xx unknown
- 1967-01-27 ES ES336167A patent/ES336167A1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE335667B (en) | 1971-06-01 |
FR1509598A (en) | 1968-01-12 |
AT286756B (en) | 1970-12-28 |
CH498587A (en) | 1970-11-15 |
NL6701220A (en) | 1967-07-28 |
LU52897A1 (en) | 1968-08-28 |
GB1130634A (en) | 1968-10-16 |
FI43523B (en) | 1970-12-31 |
BE693308A (en) | 1967-07-27 |
DE1692798A1 (en) | 1971-07-29 |
ES336167A1 (en) | 1968-06-01 |
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