NO115868B - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- NO115868B NO115868B NO153588A NO15358864A NO115868B NO 115868 B NO115868 B NO 115868B NO 153588 A NO153588 A NO 153588A NO 15358864 A NO15358864 A NO 15358864A NO 115868 B NO115868 B NO 115868B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- chrome
- blades
- polytetrafluoroethylene
- blade
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000013504 Triton X-100 Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PIIRYSWVJSPXMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octyl-4-(4-octylphenoxy)benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCCCCCC)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(CCCCCCCC)C=C1 PIIRYSWVJSPXMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006358 Fluon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroethylene Natural products ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/16—Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/14—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by electrical means
- B05D3/141—Plasma treatment
- B05D3/142—Pretreatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
- B05D5/083—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface involving the use of fluoropolymers
- B05D5/086—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface involving the use of fluoropolymers having an anchoring layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B26B21/00—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
- B26B21/54—Razor-blades
- B26B21/58—Razor-blades characterised by the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B26B21/00—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
- B26B21/54—Razor-blades
- B26B21/58—Razor-blades characterised by the material
- B26B21/60—Razor-blades characterised by the material by the coating material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D127/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D127/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09D127/12—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C09D127/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/60—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/58—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/58—After-treatment
- C23C14/5806—Thermal treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2258/00—Small objects (e.g. screws)
- B05D2258/02—The objects being coated one after the other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2350/00—Pretreatment of the substrate
- B05D2350/60—Adding a layer before coating
- B05D2350/65—Adding a layer before coating metal layer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9265—Special properties
- Y10S428/932—Abrasive or cutting feature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
- Y10S428/938—Vapor deposition or gas diffusion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12556—Organic component
- Y10T428/12569—Synthetic resin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
- Y10T428/12826—Group VIB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12847—Cr-base component
- Y10T428/12854—Next to Co-, Fe-, or Ni-base component
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Dry Shavers And Clippers (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Scissors And Nippers (AREA)
Description
Barberblad, og fremgangsmåte til dets fremstilling. Razor blade, and method for its manufacture.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår barberblader, og hensikten er i første rekk å forbedre barberingsegenskapene samtidig med at bladets levetid økes betydelig. Videre angår oppfinnelsen en fremgangsmåte til en enkel, økonomisk og jevn produksjon av slike for-bedrede barberblader. The present invention relates to razor blades, and the purpose is primarily to improve the shaving properties while at the same time significantly increasing the life of the blade. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for a simple, economical and uniform production of such improved razor blades.
Man har tidligere belagt barberblader med en rekke forskjellige stoffer, f.eks. en fast polymer av tetrafluoro.tylen. Dette for-bedrer 'barberingsegenskaper vesentlig, og et slikt barberblad er beskrevet i tysk patent nr. 1.147.141• Razor blades have previously been coated with a number of different substances, e.g. a solid polymer of tetrafluoroethylene. This significantly improves shaving properties, and such a razor blade is described in German patent no. 1,147,141•
Polymerbehandlede barberblader byr imidlertid på den ulempe at bladet, de første ganger det brukes, gir inntrykk av å være sløvt, og det kan være så ubehagelig i bruk at man vil være fristet til å kaste bladet og prøve et annet. Polymerbehandlede blader blir imidlertid etter en eller to gangers bruk glimrende og holder seg glimrende lenge inntil eggen sløves ved det man kan kalle normal slitasje. Hva årsaken til denne "innkjøringsperiode" er kjenner man dessverre ikke, og det har vært gjort en rekke forsøk på å unngå denne innkjørings-periode, men uten resultat. Ved foreliggende oppfinnelse er man imidlertid kommet frem til et barberblad med de ypperlige barberingsegenskaper tetrafluorétylenbehandlede egger har uten at det er nødvendig med noen innkjøringsperiode, og dette har man oppnådd ved å belegge eggen med krom før påføringen åv polytetrafluoretylenlaget. Det viser seg nemlig at et krombelagt barberblad påført et polytetrafluoretylen-lag har barberingsegenskaper som er glimrende fra første gangs bruk. However, polymer-treated razor blades offer the disadvantage that the blade, the first few times it is used, gives the impression of being dull, and it can be so uncomfortable to use that you will be tempted to throw the blade away and try another one. Polymer-treated blades, however, become brilliant after one or two uses and remain brilliant for a long time until the edge is dulled by what can be called normal wear and tear. Unfortunately, the cause of this "running-in period" is not known, and a number of attempts have been made to avoid this running-in period, but to no avail. With the present invention, however, a razor blade with the excellent shaving properties of tetrafluoroethylene-treated eggs has been achieved without the need for any break-in period, and this has been achieved by coating the egg with chrome before the application of the polytetrafluoroethylene layer. It turns out that a chrome-plated razor blade applied to a polytetrafluoroethylene layer has shaving properties that are excellent from the first use.
Oppfinnelsen angår således barberblad, og den er i det vesent-lige kjennetegnet ved kombinasjonen av de hver for seg kjente trekk at eggen er belagt med krom og at den er forsynt med et tynt vedheftende belegg av polytetrafluoretylen. The invention thus relates to razor blades, and it is essentially characterized by the combination of the individually known features that the edge is coated with chrome and that it is provided with a thin adhesive coating of polytetrafluoroethylene.
Påføringen av krombelegget på bladet kan foregå etter en hvilken som helst kjent fremgangsmåte som resulterer i et glatt ensartet belegg av krom, og krombelegget kan påføres bare på barberbladets egg eller det kan påføres på hele bladet. Oppfinnerne har oppnådd særlig tilfredsstillende resultater med påføring av krom på hele bladet, der påføringen foregår på en side om gangen og ble påført ved velkjent pådampningsteknikk. Oppfinnelsen tar imidlertid sikte på bruk også av andre kjente metoder for påføring av krombelegget, for eksempel metoder som bygger på elektrolytisk påføring av harde krombelegg. En rengjøring av bladet ved hjelp av en glødeutladning har også vist seg å være meget tilfredsstillende, spesielt når krom skal påføres ved pådampning som i det følgende skal beskrives i detalj. Etter krombelegningen blir bladet skjerpet lett på en lærflate, tilstrekkelig til å gi bladet tilbake dets ønskede skarphet uten at man sliter gjennom krombelegget, slik at grunnmetallet blir liggende fritt. Etter denne skjerpning blir bladet igjen inngående renset, f.eks. ved sprøyting med trikloretylen, og så tørket i luft og deretter belagt med polytetrafluoretylendispersjon fulgt av ny tørking og varmebehandling for at man skal få et godt vedheftende belegg av polytetrafluoretylen, fortrinsvis i en reduserende atmosfære. The application of the chrome coating to the blade may be by any known method which results in a smooth uniform coating of chrome, and the chrome coating may be applied only to the edge of the razor blade or it may be applied to the entire blade. The inventors have achieved particularly satisfactory results with the application of chrome to the entire blade, where the application takes place on one side at a time and was applied by the well-known evaporation technique. However, the invention also aims to use other known methods for applying the chrome coating, for example methods based on the electrolytic application of hard chrome coatings. A cleaning of the blade by means of a glow discharge has also proved to be very satisfactory, especially when chromium is to be applied by vapor deposition which will be described in detail below. After the chrome coating, the blade is sharpened lightly on a leather surface, sufficient to return the blade to its desired sharpness without wearing through the chrome coating, so that the base metal is left free. After this sharpening, the blade is thoroughly cleaned again, e.g. by spraying with trichlorethylene, and then dried in air and then coated with polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion followed by re-drying and heat treatment in order to obtain a well-adherent coating of polytetrafluoroethylene, preferably in a reducing atmosphere.
Oppfinnelsen angår således også en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av barberblader, kjennetegnet ved påføring av et tynt belegg av krom og en på forhånd formet og slipt egg av en jernholdig legering, hvoretter eggen hones pånytt etter påføring av krommet og før på-føring av et forholdsvis tynt vedheftende belegg av polytetrafluoretylen på eggen. The invention thus also relates to a method for the production of razor blades, characterized by the application of a thin coating of chrome and a previously shaped and ground egg of a ferrous alloy, after which the egg is re-honed after the application of the chrome and before the application of a relatively thin adhesive coating of polytetrafluoroethylene on the egg.
I de følgende eksempler skal det beskrives i detalj hvorledes de nu foretrukne fremstillingsmåter for disse ypperlige barberblader er bygget opp. Det skal imidlertid påpekes at oppfinnelsen ikke er be-grenset til de detaljer,man finner i disse eksempler, men også omfat-ter en lang rekke modifikasjoner som i lys av denne beskrivelse vil gi seg selv for fagfolk, men også slike modifikasjoner vil falle innen-for oppfinnelsens ramme. In the following examples, it will be described in detail how the now preferred production methods for these excellent razor blades are built up. However, it should be pointed out that the invention is not limited to the details found in these examples, but also includes a large number of modifications which, in the light of this description, will be self-evident to professionals, but such modifications will also fall within - for the scope of the invention.
Som nevnt tidligere kan grunnmetallet i barberbladet være kullstoffstål, f.eks. stål med 1,25 $ kullstoff, eller rustfritt stål med lfo kullstoff og 14$ krom eller forskjellige andre ferrokromleger-inger. Før påføring av krombelegget slipes 'bladene på vanlig industri-ell måte til vanlig eggvinkel og fasettbredde. As mentioned earlier, the base metal in the razor blade can be carbon steel, e.g. steel with 1.25$ carbon, or stainless steel with lfo carbon and 14$ chromium or various other ferrochrome alloys. Before applying the chrome coating, the blades are ground in the usual industrial way to the usual egg angle and facet width.
De slipte blader blir så med fordel først renset med trikloretylen, hvoretter bladene plaseres i et vakuumkammer der trykket reduseres til omtrent 10-100 mikron av kvikksølv, og der bladene blir ytterligere behandlet og rengjort ved hjelp av glødeutladning. The ground blades are then advantageously first cleaned with trichloroethylene, after which the blades are placed in a vacuum chamber where the pressure is reduced to approximately 10-100 microns of mercury, and where the blades are further treated and cleaned by means of glow discharge.
Denne glødeutladning foregår fortrinsvis med en elektrisk strøm på 150 til 200 milliampere med spenning påtrykket mellom bladene og en elektrode som står 30 cm fra bladene, og spenningen ligger fra 1000-1500 volt ved trykk på 100 mikron kvikksølvsøyle og opp til 3000 volt ved trykk på 10 mikron kvikksølvsøyle. Denne glødeutladning foregår så i flere minutter, fortrinsvis omtrent 3 min, og blir så avbrutt. Deretter reduseres trykket i kammeret som inneholder bladene til 10"^" mm kvikksølv og pellets av krom, omtrent 25O milligram, plaseres i en wolframskål som står omtrent 30 cm under bladene, og skålen varmes opp elektrisk til fordampningstemperatur for krom, f.eks. ved å føre 10 ampere ved en spenning på 40 volt gjennom wolframskålen. Ved denne prosess blir krombelegget påført bare på den ene side av bladene, men bladene kan så vendes rundt og operasjonen gjentas. På denne måte får man på begge sider av barberbladets egg et godt vedheftende, over-ordentlig tynt belegg av krom med en tykkelse som ikke er tilstrekkelig til i særlig grad å forandre eggvinkel og fasettbredde på det på forhånd slipte blad. En avsluttende skjerpning er imidlertid vanligvis nødvendig. Denne kan med fordel foretas ved hjelp av lær med et lett trykk, f.eks. 10-20 strøk med en lengde på 7^ cm/side eller inntil man har oppnådd den ønskede skarphet. This glow discharge preferably takes place with an electric current of 150 to 200 milliamperes with a voltage applied between the blades and an electrode standing 30 cm from the blades, and the voltage is from 1000-1500 volts at a pressure of 100 microns mercury column and up to 3000 volts at a pressure of 10 micron mercury column. This glow discharge then takes place for several minutes, preferably about 3 minutes, and is then interrupted. Then the pressure in the chamber containing the blades is reduced to 10"^" mm of mercury and pellets of chromium, about 25O milligrams, are placed in a tungsten dish standing about 30 cm below the blades, and the dish is heated electrically to the vaporization temperature for chromium, e.g. by passing 10 amperes at a voltage of 40 volts through the tungsten dish. In this process, the chrome coating is applied only to one side of the blades, but the blades can then be turned around and the operation repeated. In this way, you get on both sides of the edge of the razor blade a well-adherent, extremely thin coating of chrome with a thickness that is not sufficient to significantly change the edge angle and facet width of the previously sharpened blade. However, a final sharpening is usually necessary. This can be advantageously done using leather with a light pressure, e.g. 10-20 strokes with a length of 7^ cm/side or until the desired sharpness has been achieved.
Barberblader som er honet pånytt må rengjøres nøye, f.eks. ved sprøyting med trikloretylen, og d tørkes i luft. En dispersjon av polytetrafluoretylen, f.eks. "Teflon", blir så påført eggene av bladet, fortrinsvis som en vandig dispersjon, og dispersjonen blir så tørket og varmebehandlet som beskrevet tidligere. Razor blades that have been re-honed must be cleaned carefully, e.g. by spraying with trichlorethylene, and d dried in air. A dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene, e.g. "Teflon" is then applied to the eggs of the leaf, preferably as an aqueous dispersion, and the dispersion is then dried and heat treated as previously described.
Varmebehandlingen kan med fordel utføres ved å plasere en samling av belagte barberblader i en forseglet retorte under en atmosfære av krakket ammoniakk, hvoretter temperaturen i retorten og dens innhold heves til omtrent 380°C i en periode på 10 min. Deretter fjernes retorten fra varmeovnen og avkjøles i luft til under 150°C The heat treatment can advantageously be carried out by placing a collection of coated razor blades in a sealed retort under an atmosphere of cracked ammonia, after which the temperature of the retort and its contents is raised to about 380°C for a period of 10 min. The retort is then removed from the heating oven and cooled in air to below 150°C
før noen oksyderende gass tillates å komme i kontakt med bladene. Bladene blir fortrinsvis hurtig avkjølt fra maksimum temperaturen under varmebehandlingen ved at retorten sprøytes med vann og da f.eks. kjølt til en temperatur på omtrent ^ 0°C,°§deretter avkjølt videre som nettopp beskrevet. before any oxidizing gas is allowed to contact the leaves. The leaves are preferably quickly cooled from the maximum temperature during the heat treatment by spraying the retort with water and then e.g. cooled to a temperature of about ^ 0°C,°§then cooled further as just described.
Spesielle forholdsregler må tas for å sikre god, jevn vedheftning av polytetrafluoretylenet på krombelegget og for å oppnå et ensartet belegg av vandig polytetrafluoretylendispersjon på krombelegget. Under disse forhold er dannelsen av polytetrafluoretylenbeleg-get på krom vanskeligere enn der belegget dannes direkte på kullstoffstål eller rustfritt stål. Special precautions must be taken to ensure good, even adhesion of the polytetrafluoroethylene to the chrome coating and to achieve a uniform coating of aqueous polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion on the chrome coating. Under these conditions, the formation of the polytetrafluoroethylene coating on chrome is more difficult than when the coating is formed directly on carbon steel or stainless steel.
Oppfinnerne har funnet at ensartethet når det gjelder poly-tetraf luoretylenbelegget og dets vedheftning på krombelegget blir merkbart forbedret ved'å innføre i polytetrafluoretylen-dispersjonen som påføres bladet et fuktemiddel i en mengde som er større enn den man normalt anvender for stabilisering av slike dispersjoner. For dette formål har oppfinnerne med særlig fordel benyttet et fuktemiddel som markedsføres under varemerket "Triton X-100", bestående hovedsakelig av en ikke-ionisk oktylfenolxyetanol som noen ganger er betegnet som polyetylenglykol mono-p-oktylfenyleter. The inventors have found that the uniformity of the polytetrafluoroethylene coating and its adhesion to the chrome coating is noticeably improved by introducing into the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion which is applied to the blade a wetting agent in an amount greater than that normally used to stabilize such dispersions. For this purpose, the inventors have used with particular advantage a wetting agent marketed under the trademark "Triton X-100", consisting mainly of a non-ionic octylphenol xyethanol which is sometimes designated as polyethylene glycol mono-p-octylphenyl ether.
Dette fuktemiddel er ofte blitt benyttet i vandige dispersjoner av polytetrafluoretylen, f.eks. "Teflon" i mengder som er tilstrekkelig til å stabilisere dispersjonen. Med foreliggende oppfinnelse for øye skal det imidlertid anbefales at innholdet "av fuktemiddel økes vesentlig ut over det som man normalt har i kommersielle "Teflon" "di sper sjoner. This wetting agent has often been used in aqueous dispersions of polytetrafluoroethylene, e.g. "Teflon" in amounts sufficient to stabilize the dispersion. With the present invention in mind, however, it is recommended that the content of wetting agent be increased significantly beyond what is normally found in commercial Teflon dispersions.
I stedet for "Triton X-100" kan man med fordel benytte andre ikke-ioniske fuktemidler som vil være omtrent fullstendig fordampet ved varmebehandlingstemperaturene som anvendes, f.eks. temperaturer som er høyere enn 320°C. Instead of "Triton X-100", other non-ionic wetting agents can advantageously be used which will be almost completely evaporated at the heat treatment temperatures used, e.g. temperatures higher than 320°C.
Innholdet av fuktemiddel som skal benyttes i henhold til foreliggende oppfinnelse vil kunne variere betydelig avhengig av de bestemte fuktemidler som anvendes, fremgangsmåten for påføring av belegget på barberbladet og andre arbeidsdetaljer. Det er derfor ikke praktisk å foreskrive noen bestemte forhold eller blandingsområder The content of wetting agent to be used according to the present invention may vary significantly depending on the specific wetting agents used, the method for applying the coating to the razor blade and other work details. It is therefore not practical to prescribe any specific ratios or mixing ranges
som de mest fordelaktige under alle arbeidsforhold. De mengder som as the most advantageous under all working conditions. The quantities which
benyttes skal imidlertid, som påpekt ovenfor, vesentlig overstige de mengder som man normalt anvender for å stabilisere dispersjonen. Følger man denne forskrift vil det overskudd som gir best resultater lett kunne bestemmes ved enkle prøver. used must, however, as pointed out above, significantly exceed the amounts normally used to stabilize the dispersion. If you follow this regulation, the surplus that gives the best results can easily be determined by simple tests.
Gode resultater er blitt oppnådd ved å benytte som belegg-middel en vandig dispersjon fremstilt ved fortynning av en del av en vandig dispersjon av polytetrafluoretylen som markedsføres av Imperial Chemical Industries under navnet "Fluon GP-l",med ni vekstdeler av en oppløsning av 0,25$ "Triton X-100" fuktemiddel i destillert vann. Good results have been obtained by using as a coating agent an aqueous dispersion prepared by diluting a portion of an aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene marketed by Imperial Chemical Industries under the name "Fluon GP-1", with nine growth parts of a solution of 0 .25$ "Triton X-100" wetting agent in distilled water.
Ved vanlige prøvemetoder der man gjorde bruk av en egen barberingsflate, viste blader som var fremstilt på den måte som er beskrevet ved påføring av et tynt krombelegg på et, grunnmetall av rustfritt stål med derpå følgende påføring av polytetrafluoretylenbelegg på krommet, seg å ha helt overlegne egenskaper sammenliknet med blader som var fremstilt ved påføring av samme polytetrafluoretylenbelegg på en egg av rustfritt stål. Likeledes fant man at blader fremstilt ved påføring av krombelegg på et grunnmetall av kullstoffstål fulgt av belegning av eggen med polytetrafluoretylen som beskrevet i denne sak, var langt bedre enn blader der polytetrafluoretylenbelegg ble påført direkte på grunnmetall av kullstoffstål. In standard test methods using a separate shaving surface, blades produced in the manner described by applying a thin chrome coating to a stainless steel base metal followed by the application of a polytetrafluoroethylene coating to the chrome proved to be completely superior properties compared to blades produced by applying the same polytetrafluoroethylene coating to a stainless steel egg. Likewise, it was found that blades produced by applying chromium coating to a base metal of carbon steel followed by coating the edge with polytetrafluoroethylene as described in this case, were far better than blades where polytetrafluoroethylene coating was applied directly to base metal of carbon steel.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US286490A US3345202A (en) | 1963-06-10 | 1963-06-10 | Method of making razor blades |
US680287A US3402468A (en) | 1963-06-10 | 1967-09-29 | Polytetrafluoroethylene coated razor blade |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO115868B true NO115868B (en) | 1968-12-16 |
Family
ID=26963860
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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NO153588A NO115868B (en) | 1963-06-10 | 1964-06-09 |
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US (1) | US3402468A (en) |
BE (1) | BE649057A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1204106B (en) |
DK (1) | DK116046B (en) |
FR (1) | FR1398384A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1071813A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6406581A (en) |
NO (1) | NO115868B (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3518110A (en) * | 1964-07-23 | 1970-06-30 | Gillette Co | Razor blade and method of making same |
US3632494A (en) * | 1967-11-06 | 1972-01-04 | Warner Lambert Co | Coating method and apparatus |
NL133264C (en) * | 1968-02-01 | |||
AU485283B2 (en) * | 1971-05-18 | 1974-10-03 | Warner-Lambert Company | Method of making a razorblade |
US3757734A (en) * | 1972-01-17 | 1973-09-11 | Gillette Co | Apparatus for processing razor blades |
GB1420941A (en) * | 1972-04-08 | 1976-01-14 | Wilkinson Sword Ltd | Razor blades |
FR2338775A1 (en) * | 1976-01-20 | 1977-08-19 | Warner Lambert Co | Razor blade consisting of amorphous alloy - of iron, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten and metalloids with fluorocarbon polymer coating |
US4314559A (en) * | 1979-12-12 | 1982-02-09 | Corning Glass Works | Nonstick conductive coating |
ES2048359T3 (en) * | 1987-01-03 | 1994-03-16 | Wilkinson Sword Gmbh | SHAVING MACHINE IN WET. |
DE19507045C2 (en) * | 1995-03-01 | 1998-10-15 | Glyco Metall Werke | Process for producing a composite material for plain bearings with a plastic sliding layer and a paste suitable for this |
WO2019032291A1 (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-14 | Lintec Of America, Inc. | Changing a density of a nanofiber sheet using an edged surface |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1383176A (en) * | 1919-10-23 | 1921-06-28 | Udylite Process Company | Edged tool |
US1770157A (en) * | 1927-06-23 | 1930-07-08 | James C Patten | Cutting implement |
BE474114A (en) * | 1943-05-15 | |||
BE598698A (en) * | 1959-12-31 | |||
US3224094A (en) * | 1962-10-04 | 1965-12-21 | Philip Morris Inc | Polyethylene coated blades and process for their production |
US3258319A (en) * | 1962-11-23 | 1966-06-28 | Du Pont | Lubricant coated formable metal article |
US3245577A (en) * | 1962-12-12 | 1966-04-12 | American Can Co | Resin-coated tin plate container |
-
1964
- 1964-06-06 DE DEE27182A patent/DE1204106B/en active Pending
- 1964-06-09 NO NO153588A patent/NO115868B/no unknown
- 1964-06-09 DK DK288664AA patent/DK116046B/en unknown
- 1964-06-10 GB GB24078/64A patent/GB1071813A/en not_active Expired
- 1964-06-10 BE BE649057D patent/BE649057A/xx unknown
- 1964-06-10 FR FR977775A patent/FR1398384A/en not_active Expired
- 1964-06-10 NL NL6406581A patent/NL6406581A/xx unknown
-
1967
- 1967-09-29 US US680287A patent/US3402468A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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NL6406581A (en) | 1964-12-11 |
FR1398384A (en) | 1965-05-07 |
BE649057A (en) | 1964-10-01 |
GB1071813A (en) | 1967-06-14 |
US3402468A (en) | 1968-09-24 |
DK116046B (en) | 1969-12-01 |
DE1204106B (en) | 1965-10-28 |
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