KR980009139A - Wastewater Treatment by Fine Particles (Particulate Wood Particles) (Wastewater Treatment Method) - Google Patents
Wastewater Treatment by Fine Particles (Particulate Wood Particles) (Wastewater Treatment Method) Download PDFInfo
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- KR980009139A KR980009139A KR1019960026878A KR19960026878A KR980009139A KR 980009139 A KR980009139 A KR 980009139A KR 1019960026878 A KR1019960026878 A KR 1019960026878A KR 19960026878 A KR19960026878 A KR 19960026878A KR 980009139 A KR980009139 A KR 980009139A
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000009135 Quercus rubra Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010840 domestic wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000003858 northern red oak Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011218 seed culture Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000004885 Quercus rubra Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000590020 Achromobacter Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588986 Alcaligenes Species 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001478896 Sphaerotilus natans Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000589153 Zoogloea ramigera Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004767 rumen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 생활폐수, 산업폐수 등을 생물학적(生物學的)으로 정화시키는데 사용하는 미립화(微粒化)된 목질입자(木質粒子)에 의한 폐수처리방법(廢水處理方法)에 관한 것으로, 본 발명의 목적은 시가지화(市街地化 )되지 않는 지역 즉, 외딴 개인주택(전원형주택) 축산농장, 별장, 야영장, 공원의 공중변소, 골프장 등과 식품가공공장, 수산물가공공장 등에서 발생되는 생활폐수 또는 산업폐수를 간단한 방법으로 경제적으로 정화할 수 있도록 하는 방법을 제공하는 것으로 별도의 미생물 배양체(종균)를 사용하지 않고 항구적으로 폐수를 정화하는 방법을 제공하는데 그 특징이 있는 것이다.The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment method (fine wastewater treatment method) using atomized wood particles (wood particles) used for biological purification of domestic wastewater, industrial wastewater and the like, The purpose of the project is to improve the quality of living wastewater or industrial wastewater generated in a non-urbanized area, such as remote private houses (farm houses), livestock farms, villas, campgrounds, Is economically purified by a simple method. It is a feature of the present invention to provide a method for permanently purifying wastewater without using a separate microorganism culture (seed culture).
이와 같은 본 발명의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명에 따르는 미립목질입자(微粒木質粒子)에 의한 폐수처리방법은 붉은 참나무등 천연나무 목재를 미세한 입자로 만든 폐수가 모여지는 폐수처리탱크(槽)에 일정한 두께로 넣어두면 미립목질입자에 폐수 등에 기존에 존재하는 미생물이 서식하게되어 증식하여 배양되므로 음식물 찌꺼기 및 기타 오물이 현탁된 폐수가 고액(固液)분리 되면서 폐수에 함유된 동식물성 지방이나 탄수화물을 상기 미립목질입자에 있는 배양된 미생물이 섭취 분해하여 폐수를 정화하도록 하는 것이다.In order to accomplish the object of the present invention, the method for treating wastewater with fine grain particles (fine wood particles) according to the present invention is a method for treating wastewater in a wastewater treatment tank in which wastewater made of natural wood such as red oak As the microorganisms existing in the wastewater are inhabited by micro-sized wood particles and cultured, the wastewater in which the food waste and other dirt are suspended is separated into solid vegetable fat and carbohydrate contained in the wastewater, So that the cultured microorganisms in the fine grain particles ingest and decompose them to purify the wastewater.
Description
본 발명은 생활폐수, 산업폐수등을 생물학적(生物學的)으로 정화시키는데 사용하는 미립화(微粒化)된 목질입자(木質粒子)에 의한 폐수처리방법(廢水處理方法)에 관한 것이다.TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment method (finishing treatment method) using atomized wood particles (wood particles) used for purifying living wastewater, industrial wastewater and the like biological.
오늘날 인구의 증가 및 산업화에 기인하여 환경오염에 따른 지구 환경 파괴가 전 지구적으로 인류생존을 위협하는 심각한 문제로 대두 되었다.Today, due to population increase and industrialization, global environmental destruction caused by environmental pollution has become a serious problem that threatens the survival of mankind globally.
특히 거대도시에 있어서 생활 오수 및 산업폐수는 하천 및 지하수를 오염시키므로서 자연 생태계 파괴 및 사람의 식수 확보에도 커다란 문제가 발생되었다.Especially in large cities, sewage and industrial wastewater pollute rivers and groundwater, resulting in serious problems in destroying natural ecosystems and securing human drinking water.
그러나 수질오염 대책에 관한 연구의 대부분은 대규모 폐수처리 시설에 관한 연구에 관한 것이고 소규모 단위의 하수 및 산업폐수 처리에 관한 연구는 미비한 것이 현실정이다.However, most of the studies on water pollution countermeasures are related to the study of large-scale wastewater treatment facilities, and there is little research on small-scale sewage and industrial wastewater treatment.
즉, 전국적으로 발생되는 폐수 중 극히 일부 정도만이 대규모 정화처리 시설로서 정화되고 나머지 대부분은 그대로 하천 등에 방류되고 있는 것이다.That is, only a small part of the wastewater generated nationwide is purified as a large-scale purification treatment facility, and most of the remaining wastewater is discharged to rivers and the like.
또한 기존의 폐수처리는 폐수중 유기물을 분해하는 미생물을 배양한 미생물 배양제를 폐수처리 탱크에 투입하고 이에 따른 미생물의 생존에 필요한 적정한 온도 및 수분을 별도의 물리적 방법을 동원하여야 하는 문제점이 있었다.In addition, the conventional wastewater treatment has a problem that a microorganism culturing microorganism which decomposes organic matter in wastewater is put into a wastewater treatment tank and a proper physical method and temperature are required to mobilize the appropriate temperature and moisture for survival of the microorganism.
이와 같은 폐수정화 처리에 있어서 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 본 발명이 창안 되었는데 본 발명의 목적은 시가지화(市街地化)되지 않는 지역 즉, 외딴 개인주택(전원형주택) 축산농장, 별장, 야영장, 공원의 공중변소, 골프장 등과 식품가공공장, 수산물가공공장 등에서 발생되는 생활폐수 또는 산업폐수를 간단한 방법으로 경제적으로 정화할수 있도록 하는 방법을 제공하는 것으로 별도의 미생물 배양체(종균)를 사용하지 않고 항구적으로 폐수를 정화하는 방법을 제공하는데 그 특징이 있는 것이다.The present invention has been developed in order to solve such a problem in the waste water purification treatment, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for preventing waste water purification from occurring in an area that is not urbanized (remote housing) A method for economically purifying a domestic wastewater or an industrial wastewater generated in a food processing plant, a fish processing plant, a public resting place, a golf course, etc., by a simple method, It provides a method of purification, which is characterized by.
이와 같은 본 발명의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명에 따르는 미립목질입자(微粒木質粒子)에 의한 폐수처리방법은 붉은 참나무 등 천연나무 목재를 미세한 입자로 만든 폐수가 모여지는 폐수처리탱크(槽)에 일정한 두께로 넣어두면 미립목질입자에 폐수 등에 기존에 존재하는 미생물이 서식하게 되어 증식하여 배양되므로 음식물 끼꺼기 및 기타 오물이 현탁된 폐수가 고액(固液)분리 되면서 폐수에 함유된 동식물성 지방이나 탄수화물을 상기 미립목질입자에 있는 배양된 미생물이 섭취 분해하여 폐수를 정화하도록 하는 것이다.In order to accomplish the object of the present invention, the method for treating wastewater with fine grain particles (fine wood particles) according to the present invention is a method for treating wastewater in a wastewater treatment tank in which wastewater made of natural wood such as red oak If it is put in a certain thickness, the existing microorganisms such as fine particulate wood particles, etc. are inhabited and cultivated. Therefore, the wastewater in which the food waste and other dirt are suspended is separated from the solid liquid, So that the carbohydrate is ingested and decomposed by the cultured microorganism in the fine grain to purify the wastewater.
이하 본 발명에 따르는 미립목질입자에 의한 폐수처리 방법에 관하여 상세하게 설명하기로 한다.Hereinafter, a method for treating wastewater by fine grain particles according to the present invention will be described in detail.
본 발명에 따르는 미립목질입자에 의한 폐수처리방법에 사용되는 미립목질입자는 붉은 참나무(日本原産) 등 특정종류 목재를 가는 조각으로 입자화(粒子化)하는 것으로 상기 목재는 셀롤로우스가 부피비율로 65∼80%, 리그닌이 부피비 10∼25%,펜토산이 부피비 5-10%정도 함유되는 목재를 선택한다.The fine grain grains used in the wastewater treatment method according to the present invention are obtained by granulating a specific kind of wood such as red oak (Japanese origin) into thin pieces, wherein the wood has a volume ratio of celluloses , Wood containing 65 to 80% by volume of lignin, 10 to 25% by volume of lignin and 5 to 10% by volume of pentanoic acid is selected.
그리고 이상과 같은 성분을 갖는 목재를 목재 분쇄기에 의하여 크기가 0.5mm∼5mm인 입자로 분쇄하여, 입자가 갖는 표면적(表面積)을 입자체(粒子??) 1g당 30㎡가 되도록 하여 입자의 공극율이 대략 75∼80%가 되는 미립목질입자를 조한다.Then, the wood having the above-mentioned components is pulverized into particles having a size of 0.5 mm to 5 mm by a wood pulverizer to make the surface area (surface area) of the particles to 30 m 2 per 1 g of the particles (particles) ≪ / RTI > approximately 75 to 80%.
이와같은 미립목질입자를 폐수처리장의 폐수 탱크에 투입하면 폐수에 섞여있는 음식물 찌꺼기 등인 부유물(SS)이나, 고형의 탄소 유기물(단백질, 지방 등)이 걸러져 폐수의 고액분리(固液分離)가 폐수가 일차 정화된다.When such fine grain particles are injected into the wastewater tank of the wastewater treatment plant, suspended solids (SS) or solid carbon organic matter (protein, fat, etc.) mixed in the wastewater are filtered to separate the solid- Is first purified.
이렇게 1차 정화된 폐수는 미립의 목질입자 사이를 지나 침하(沈下)하는데 여기에는 아직도 유기물질들이 콜로이드 상태 또는 용존물(DS)상태로 존재한다.The primary purified wastewater then subsides between the fine wood particles, where organic matter still exists in the colloidal or dissolved state (DS).
그런데 폐수탱크내에 투입된 폐수속에는 이비 자연계에 존재하는 미생물(微生物)이 상당량 서식하는 것이 일반이다.However, in wastewater that is injected into a wastewater tank, it is common that microorganisms (microorganisms) existing in the natural environment live considerably.
따라서, 이들 미생물을 상기 미립목질입자에 부착하는데 이 미립목질입자는 미생물의 서식(棲息)에 적당한 서식처로서의 역할을 하게 된다.Thus, these microorganisms adhere to the fine grain grains, which serve as habitats suitable for microbial growth.
즉, 극소 미생물들이 미립목질입자의 표면 및 공극사이에 서식하는데 이 미립목질입자는 상기 한바처럼 대부분이 셀롤로우스로 이루어져 있기에 폐수의 보온재 역할을 하므로서, 폐수내에 존재하는 미생물이나 미립목질입자에 서식하는 미생물의 생존조건에 적합한 온도를 유지하도록 하는 것으로 특히 미립목질입자에 서식하는 형기성 미생물의 번식을 크게 돕게되는 것이다.(일종의 활성 오니법을 이용한 것이다)In other words, microscopic microorganisms inhabit between the surfaces and pores of the fine grained grains. Since the grained grained grains are mostly composed of celluloses as described above, they act as a heat retaining material of the wastewater. Therefore, microorganisms or fine grained grains And the temperature of the microorganism is maintained at a temperature suitable for the survival condition of the microorganism, which greatly contributes to the breeding of mold microorganisms living in fine particulate wood particles (using a kind of activated sludge method)
따라서 폐수탱크내에 미립목질입자를 투입하므로서 미립목질입자에서 미생물군이 대단히 많이 증식되어지므로서 미생물 덩어리(Floc)으로 성장된다.Therefore, by injecting the fine grain particles into the wastewater tank, the microorganisms grow very much in the fine grain particles and grow into microbial flocs.
이들 증식된 미생물 덩어리는 폐수에 섞여있는 유기물질을 영양물질로 하여 섭취 분해하므로서 폐수내에 있는 오니가 분해 제거되어 폐수가 정화되는 것이다.These proliferated microbial masses absorb and decompose the organic material mixed in the wastewater as a nutrient, so that the sludge in the wastewater is decomposed and removed to purify the wastewater.
이와같이 유기물질을 분해하는 미생물군은 세균, 원생동물로 구성되는데 상기 미생물을 플록 형성세균으로 알려진 주오글로에아 라미제라(Zoogloea ramigera)사상체를 형성하는 스페로틸러스 네이탄스(Sphearotilus natans)가 주류를 이루고 그밖에 아크로모막터(Achromobacter), 알카리젠스(Alcaligenes), 바실러스(Bacillus), 후라보박테리아(Flauobacterium), 시우도모나스(Phseudomonas)등이 포함되어 있다.The microorganism group that decomposes the organic substance is composed of bacteria and protozoa. The microorganism is classified into Sphearotilus natans, which forms a Zoogloea ramigera rumen known as floc-forming bacteria, It is a main stream and contains other species such as Achromobacter, Alcaligenes, Bacillus, Flauobacterium, and Phseudomonas.
그리고 상기 원생동물에는 질적으로나 양적으로 섬모충류가 주류를 이루고 있으며, 이들 미생물은 유기물 분해시 산소를 필요로 하고 호기성 미생물과 유기물 분해시 산소가 없어도 되는 혐기성 세균으로 혼성체이다.These protozoans are qualitatively and quantitatively predominant in the protozoa, and these microorganisms are mixed with anaerobic bacteria which require oxygen when decomposing organic matter and which do not require oxygen when aerobic microorganisms and organic substances are decomposed.
이상과 같은 세균 및 원생동믈이 미립목질입자에 의하여 증식된 미생물군 플록(Floc)은, 본 발명에 따른 미립목질입자에 의한 폐수처리방법에 있어서, 폐수에 유기물로 섞여있는 오니(汚泥)를 소화 분해하는데, 그 기작을 살펴보면 증식된 미생물 플록을 갖고 있는 미립목질입자가 들어있는 폐수탱크에 폐수가 투입되면 상기한 바처럼 폐수가 미립목질입자를 통과하면서 부유물등 고형물이 걸려 고액분리를 행하여 고상의 오니(SS등)을 일단 비침전 콜로이성 유기물이 용해된 액상체와 분리하며 이렇게 분리된 고형물은 일반적으로 단백질 함량이 40∼50%인 것으로 미립목질입자에서 증식되어 다량서식하는 미생물군 플록에 의해 분해되는데 이때 고형물 분해하는 호기성 미생물이며 중온균인 미생물들에 의해 분해가 일어나고 이들 초기성 중온 미생물에 의해 유기물질이 분해될 때 상당량의 열이 발생되는데 이들 열을 부유된 미립 목질입자에 전달되어 고형물 오니 또는 유기물이 콜로드 상태 또는 용존상태로 있는 걸러진 폐수에 2차 전달되어 이 폐수가 보온되는데 이 열은 미립목질입자 등에 다량으로 존재하는 미생물군 플록중 혐기성 미생물의 활동을 돕게 된다.The microorganism group Floc, which is proliferated by the fine woody particles as described above, is characterized in that in the method of treating wastewater by the fine grain particles according to the present invention, the sludge mixed with the organic matter in the wastewater When the wastewater is introduced into a wastewater tank containing fine grain particles having proliferated microbial flocs, the wastewater passes through the fine woody particles and solid matters such as suspended solids are caught, Sludge (SS, etc.) is separated from non-precipitated colloidal organic matter-liquefied solids, and the solid matter thus separated is generally 40 to 50% in protein content. Which is a aerobic microorganism that decomposes solids and is degraded by mesophilic microorganisms. These early mesophilic microorganisms When the organic matter is decomposed, a considerable amount of heat is generated. These heat is transferred to suspended particulate fine particles, which are secondarily transferred to the filtered wastewater in the state of callload or dissolved state of the solid sludge or organic matter, The heat helps the anaerobic microbes in the microbial flocs that are present in large quantities in fine grained particles.
즉, 이들 혐기성 미생물은 고온(대량 20。C이상)에서 소화 대사작용이 활발한 세균인데 호기성미생물의 활동의 결과 및 미립목질입자의 보온효과로 인하여, 본발명에 따른 폐수처리방법을 사용한 폐수탱크내의 미립목질입자 체내의 온도가 70。C정도까지 상승되기에, 혐기성 미생물의 활동이 왕성해지므로, 혐기성 미생물에 의하여 폐수에 섞여있는 유기물질이 분해 소화하는 것이다.That is, these anaerobic microorganisms are bacteria which are active in digestion metabolism at a high temperature (mass of 20.C or more). As a result of the action of the aerobic microorganisms and the effect of keeping the fine particulate particles warm, the waste water tank Since the temperature of the fine particulate wood particles is raised to about 70 ° C, the anaerobic microorganisms become active, so that the anaerobic microorganisms decompose and extinguish the organic substances in the wastewater.
이상에서 살펴본 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따르는 미립목질입자에 의한 폐수처리방법의 주된 원리는 폐수를 생물학적처리(生物學的處理)로서 정화하는 것인데, 상기 호기성 미생물의 호기성 대사는 폐수에 함유된 유기물중 탄수화합물과 질소화합물을 섭취하여 분해하는데 호기성 미생물은 탄소화합물(CxHyO2)는 산소(O2)를 섭취하여 탄산칼슘(Co2)와 물(H2O)로 분해되면서 에너지(Q)를 (호흡)이 에너지의 일부를 이용 새로운 원형물 질소화합물을 섭취 질산염 또는 암모니아로 분해하면서 에너지를 얻고 새로운 원형물질을 얻는 것으로, 이 호기성 미생물의 호기성 대사를 통하여 폐수중 유기물은 BOD로 표현되는 탄소유기물 제거 및 질산화가 이루어지므로서 폐수는 정화되는 것이다.As described above, the main principle of the wastewater treatment method using the fine grain particles according to the present invention is to purify wastewater as a biological treatment, wherein the aerobic metabolism of the aerobic microorganism can be controlled by controlling the amount of organic matter Carbon compounds (CxHyO 2 ) absorbs oxygen (O 2 ) and decomposes into calcium carbonate (Co 2 ) and water (H 2 O) And respiration) is a part of this energy is consumed by decomposing a new circulating water nitrogen compound into nitrate or ammonia to obtain energy and obtain new circular material. Through the aerobic metabolism of this aerobic microorganism, And nitrification are performed, so that the wastewater is purified.
상기 혐기성 미생물의 혐기성 대사는 산소의 공급이 없는 상태에서 유기물을 분해하는 대사로서, 유기믈질이 혐기성 미생물에 의하여 섭취되면 미생물체, 탄산가스,메탄가스, 암모니아,황화수소 등으로 발생되고, 혐기성 미생물에는 혐기성 분위기를 좋아하는 보통 혐기성 미생물과 절대 혐기성 미생물이 있는데, 본 발명에 따른 미립목질 입자에 의한 폐수처리 방법의 경우 보통 혐기성 미생물에 의한 고분자 유기믈 흡수분해가 이루어진다 할수 있다.The anaerobic metabolism of the anaerobic microorganism is a metabolism that decomposes organic matter in the absence of oxygen. When the organic microorganism is ingested by the anaerobic microorganism, the anaerobic microorganism is generated as microorganisms, carbon dioxide gas, methane gas, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, There are usually anaerobic microorganisms and absolute anaerobic microorganisms which enjoy the atmosphere. In the case of the wastewater treatment method using the fine grain particles according to the present invention, the anaerobic microorganisms usually absorb and decompose the organic polymers.
따라서 본 발명에 있어서 혐기성 미생물은 유기물질을 3단계에 걸쳐 섭취 분해하는데 첫단계에서 고분자 유기물은 간단한 유기물로 액화 또는 가수분해 한 다음 두 번째 단계에서는 첫 번째 단계의 생성물이 초산, 아초산등 저분자 중간 생성물로 분해된다.Therefore, in the present invention, the anaerobic microorganisms can take up and decompose the organic material in three stages. In the first stage, the polymer organic material is liquefied or hydrolyzed with a simple organic material. In the second stage, the product of the first stage is converted into a low molecular intermediate such as acetic acid, Decomposes into product.
그리고 마지막단계에서 이를 유기물들이 메탄가스나 탄산가스 등의 간단한 최종 생성물로 변하게 된다.At the final stage, these organisms turn into simple end products such as methane gas and carbon dioxide gas.
즉, BOD로 표현되는 탄소화합물의 분해제거 및 탈질화가 혐기성 미생물의 대사작용으로 성취되는 것이다.That is, decomposition removal and denitrification of the carbon compound represented by BOD is achieved by the metabolism of the anaerobic microorganism.
이상과 같은 기작으로 유기물을 분해하는 미생물이 본 발명에 따른 미립목질입자체에 서식하여 증식된 미생물이 유기물을 분해하려면 적정의 산소와 적당한 온도 및 적정의 수분이 필요한데 폐수탱크내에 폐수가 투입될 때 폐수유입구의 높이를 적절하게 조절하여 폐수가 떨어지면서 폐수탱크내 폐수의 호기성 미생물의 대사(대사)에 필요한 적정량의 산소를 용존시키도록 하며 적당한 온도는 미생물이 유기믈 분해하면서 발생시키는 일부를 이용하는 것으로 본 발명에 따른 미립목질입자체가 폐수탱크의 부유되므로 폐수를 보온(保溫)시키므로서 혐기성 미생물의 생존 번식조건을 유효하게 하는 것이다.The microorganisms decomposing the organic matter by the above-mentioned mechanism are required to decompose the organic matter of the microorganisms inhabited by the fine granular lignocelles according to the present invention and the proper oxygen and proper temperature and appropriate moisture. When the wastewater is introduced into the wastewater tank The height of the wastewater inlet is appropriately adjusted to allow the wastewater to fall and to dissolve the proper amount of oxygen necessary for the metabolism (metabolism) of the aerobic microorganisms in the wastewater tank, and a suitable temperature is a part of the microorganism generated during the organic decomposition Since the fine grain lattice according to the present invention is floated in the wastewater tank, the wastewater is kept warm so that the living propagation conditions of the anaerobic microorganism can be validated.
또한, 미생물의 생존, 번식을 위한 적정의 수분을 상기한 바처럼 본 발명에 따르는 미립목질입자의 공극율이 75∼80%이므로 미립목질입자체가 적절한 수분을 함유하게 되므로 미립목질입자 내에 특히 혐기성 미생물이 생존 하기에 적합하게 되는 것이다.As described above, since the porosity of the fine particle of the present invention is 75 to 80% as described above, the fine particle of the fine particle itself contains an appropriate amount of water. Therefore, the fine particle of the fine particle, especially the anaerobic microorganism Is suitable for survival.
이상에서 설명한 바와 같이 원리 및 기작으로 본 발명에 따르는 미립목질입자에 의한 폐수처리 방법을 사용하게 되면 폐수탱크내에 생물학적 처리를 위하여 특별히 미생물을 배양한 미생물체를 투입하지 않고 미립의 목질입자만을 투입하면 미생물이 미립목질 입자에 의해 배양되어 배양된 미생물이 폐수의 유기물질을 분해 소화하기 때문에 종래의 방법에 의하여 경제적이고 폐수탱크내에서 미립목질입자가 부유되므로 미립목질입자체가 층을 이루므로 폐수에서 발생되는 악취의 발산을 막기 때문에 그만큼 폐수처리장의 환경을 쾌적하게 하고, 미립목질입자의 수명이 오래가기 때문에 반영구적으로 폐수를 정화할수 있다는 장점을 갖고 있는 것으로, 상기한 바처럼 종래의 폐수처리 방법에 비하여 간단한 설비로서, 폐수를 정화하도록 되어 있기에 도시화되지 않는 지역에서 비교적 소규모로 발생되는 주로 유기물에 의해 오염된 폐수를 정화할수 있기에 그만큼 활용범위가 넓다 할수 있겠다.As described above, if the method of treating wastewater by fine grain particles according to the present invention is used in the principle and mechanism as described above, if only the fine grain particles are put into the wastewater tank without adding the microorganism cultured for the biological treatment, Since the microorganisms cultured and cultured by the fine particulate wood particles decompose and extinguish the organic matter of the wastewater, it is economical by the conventional method and the particulate wood particulate floats in the wastewater tank. Therefore, And thus it is possible to purify the wastewater semi-permanently because the environment of the wastewater treatment plant is improved and the life time of the fine particulate longevity is prolonged. As compared with the conventional wastewater treatment method, As a simple facility, it is designed to clean wastewater The wastewater contaminated by organic matter, which is relatively small in the non-urbanized area, can be purified, and thus the range of application can be wide.
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