KR940002687B1 - Copper-base sintered alloy - Google Patents
Copper-base sintered alloy Download PDFInfo
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- KR940002687B1 KR940002687B1 KR1019890015448A KR890015448A KR940002687B1 KR 940002687 B1 KR940002687 B1 KR 940002687B1 KR 1019890015448 A KR1019890015448 A KR 1019890015448A KR 890015448 A KR890015448 A KR 890015448A KR 940002687 B1 KR940002687 B1 KR 940002687B1
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 36
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims description 36
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017767 Cu—Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B1/00—Hand tools
- A01B1/02—Spades; Shovels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0425—Copper-based alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
- C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0021—Matrix based on noble metals, Cu or alloys thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/08—Valves guides; Sealing of valve stem, e.g. sealing by lubricant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
- F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2201/00—Metals
- F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
- F05C2201/0469—Other heavy metals
- F05C2201/0475—Copper or alloys thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2201/00—Metals
- F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
- F05C2201/0469—Other heavy metals
- F05C2201/0496—Zinc
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
Abstract
내용 없음.No content.
Description
본 발명은 내마모성이 우수하며 고강도 및 고인성이고, 마찰계수로 평가되는 상대부재에 대한 동기특성도 우수하며, 따라서, 이러한 특성들이 요구되는 변속기의 싱크로나이저링이나 엔진의 밸브가이드, 또는 터보차아져용 베어링 등으로 사용하기 적합한 Cu기 소결합금 관한 것이다.The present invention has excellent abrasion resistance, high strength and high toughness, and excellent synchronous characteristics with respect to the mating member evaluated by the coefficient of friction. Therefore, these characteristics are required for the synchronizer ring of the transmission, the valve guide of the engine, or the turbocharger. Cu base sintered alloy suitable for use as a bearing or the like.
종래에는, 상기한 각종 부재의 제조에는, 중량%로(이하 %는 중량%를 표시함) 대표적으로 Cu28%, Zn 6% 및 Al으로 조성되는 Cu기 소결합금을 사용하는 것이 제안되고 있다.Conventionally, it is proposed to use Cu base sintered alloys which are typically composed of Cu28%, Zn 6%, and Al in weight% (hereinafter,% indicates weight%).
그런데, 상기한 종래의 Cu기 소결합금은 소결체이므로, 상대부재에 대한 동기 특성은 우수하지만, 충분한 내마모성, 강도 및 인성을 구비한 것은 아니며, 따라서 최근의 각종 기기의 소형화, 경량화 및 고출력화에 대응할 수 없고, 내마모성, 강도 및 인성이 더욱 우수한 Cu기 소결합금의 개발이 강하게 요망되고 있다.By the way, since the conventional Cu base sintered alloy is a sintered body, it has excellent synchronous characteristics with respect to the counterpart member, but it does not have sufficient wear resistance, strength and toughness, and thus it is possible to cope with the recent miniaturization, weight reduction and high output of various devices. There is a strong demand for the development of a Cu-based small-alloy alloy which is hardly resistant and has excellent wear resistance, strength and toughness.
여기서, 본 발명자들은 상술한 바와같은 관점에서, 특히 상기한 종래의 Cu기 소결합금에 착안하여, 내마모성, 강도 및 인성이 더욱 우수한 Cu기 소결합금을 개발하고자 연구를 거듭한 결과, Zn : 10∼40%, Al : 0.3∼6%, Mn : 0.1∼5%, Si : 0.1∼3%, W 와 Mo중의 1종 또는 2종 : 0.1∼3%, 산소: 0.03∼1%을 함유하며, 필요에 따라서, (a) Fe, Ni 및 Co중의 1종 또는 2종 이상 : 0.1∼5%, (b) Sn : 0.1∼4%, (c) Cr : 0.1∼3%, 의 (a), (b) 및 (c)중의 어느 것이든 1종 또는 2종 이상을 함유하고, 나머지가 Cu와 불가피한 불순물로 조성되며, 소지(素地)중에 산화알루미늄(Al2O3)을 주체(主體)로 한 미세한 산화물 및 금속간 화합물이 균일하게 분산된 조직의 Cu기 소결합금은 내마모성, 강도 및 인성이 우수하여, 각종 기기의 소형화, 경량화 및 고출력화에 충분히 대응할 수 있는 구조부재의 제조에 적용할 수 있다는 것을 알게 되었다.Here, in view of the above, the present inventors have focused on the above-mentioned conventional Cu base sintered alloys, and have studied to develop Cu base sintered alloys excellent in wear resistance, strength and toughness. 40%, Al: 0.3 to 6%, Mn: 0.1 to 5%, Si: 0.1 to 3%, one or two of W and Mo: 0.1 to 3%, oxygen: 0.03 to 1%, required According to (a) one or two or more of Fe, Ni and Co: 0.1-5%, (b) 0.1-4%, (c) Cr: 0.1-3%, (a), ( Any one of b) and (c) contains one kind or two or more kinds, and the remainder is composed of Cu and an unavoidable impurity, and made of aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) as the main substance in the substrate. The Cu base sintered alloy of a structure in which fine oxides and intermetallic compounds are uniformly dispersed has excellent abrasion resistance, strength and toughness, and is applicable to the production of structural members that can sufficiently cope with miniaturization, light weight, and high output of various devices. It can be learned that.
본 발명은 상기한 지식을 근거로 하여 이루어진 것으로, 본 발명의 Cu기 소결합금은 상기한 조성에 있어서, 소지중에 입도(粒度)가 1∼40㎛인 Al2O3를 주체로 한 산화물이 0.5∼15%의 면적율로 균일하게 분산되고, 또 마찬가지로, 입도가 1∼25㎛인 금속간 화합물이 1∼10%의 면적율로 균일하게 분산된 조직을 갖게 되고, 이들 산화물과 금속간 화합물에 의하여 내마모성이 현저하게 향상되며, 특히 산화물의 균일한 분산에 의하여 내소결성이 향상됨은 물론, 마찰면의 내열성이 향상되어, 고부하의 조건하에서도 우수한 내마모성을 나타내세 되는 것이다.The present invention has been made on the basis of the above knowledge, and the Cu base sintered alloy of the present invention has an oxide mainly composed of Al 2 O 3 having a particle size of 1 to 40 µm in the composition described above. It is uniformly dispersed at an area ratio of -15%, and similarly, the intermetallic compound having a particle size of 1 to 25 µm has a structure uniformly dispersed at an area ratio of 1 to 10%. This remarkably improves, in particular, the uniform resistance of the oxide improves the sintering resistance, and also improves the heat resistance of the friction surface, thereby exhibiting excellent wear resistance even under high load conditions.
다음에, 본 발명의 Cu기 소결합금에서, 성분의 조성을 상기한 바와같이 한정하는 이유를 설명한다.Next, the reason for limiting the composition of the components as described above in the Cu base small-alloy alloy of the present invention is explained.
(a) Zn(a) Zn
Zn 성분은 Cu 및 Al와 함께 소지를 형성하며, 합금의 강도 및 인성을 향상시키는 작용이 있는데, 그 함유량이 10% 미만이면 상기한 작용에 있어서의 필요로 하는 효과를 얻을 수 없고, 한편 그 함유량이 40%를 초과하면 상기한 작용에서의 열화현상이 나타나므로, 그 함유량을 10∼40%로 한정하였다.The Zn component forms a base together with Cu and Al, and has an effect of improving the strength and toughness of the alloy. If the content is less than 10%, the required effect in the above-described action cannot be obtained, and the content thereof. When the content exceeds 40%, the deterioration phenomenon occurs in the above-described action, so the content is limited to 10 to 40%.
(b) Al(b) Al
Al성분은 상기한 바와같이, Cu 및 Zn과 함께 강도와 인성이 높은 소지를 형성하는 외에, 산소와 결합하여 산하물을 형성하므로, 상온은 물론 고온의 조건하에서도 내마모성을 향상시키는 작용이 있는데, 그 함유량이 0.3% 미만이면 상기한 작용에 있어서의 필요로 하는 효과를 얻을 수 없고, 한편, 그 함유량이 6%을 초과하면 소지의 인성이 저하하므로, 그 함유량을 0.3∼6%로 한정하였다.As described above, the Al component, together with Cu and Zn, forms a base having high strength and toughness, and combines with oxygen to form an acid product, thereby improving abrasion resistance even under high temperature and high temperature conditions. If the content is less than 0.3%, the required effect in the above-described operation cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 6%, the toughness of the base is lowered, the content is limited to 0.3 to 6%.
(c) Mn(c) Mn
Mn성분은 Si와 결합하여 소지중에 미세하게 분산하는 금속간 화합물을 형성하여 내모성을 향상시키며, 또, 일부가 소지에 고용하여 강도를 향상시키는 작용이 있는데, 그 함유량이 0.1% 미만이면 상기한 작용에 있어서의 필요로 하는 효과를 얻을 수 없고, 한편, 그 함유량이 5%를 초과하면, 인성이 저하하므로, 그 함유량을 0.1∼5%로 한정하였다.The Mn component combines with Si to form an intermetallic compound which is finely dispersed in the body to improve the abrasion resistance, and also has a function of partially solidifying the body to improve the strength. The effect required in operation cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the content exceeds 5%, the toughness decreases, so the content is limited to 0.1 to 5%.
(d) Si(d) Si
Si성분은 Mn, W 및 Mo 또, 필요에 따라 함유되는 Cr와 결합하여 경도가 높고 미세한 금속간 화합물을 형성하는 외에, 산소와 결합하여 Al 등과 같은 복산화물을 형성하여 내마모성을 향상시키며, 특히 상기한 복산화물의 존재에 의해서 상기한 바와같은 내소결성 및 마찰면의 내열성이 향상되므로, 예를들면, 고부하의 조건하에서도 우수한 내마모성을 나타내게 되는데, 그 함유량이 0.1%미만이면 필요로 하는 내마모성을 얻을 수 없고, 한편, 그 함유량이 3%를 포과하면 인성이 저하되므로, 그 함유량을 0.1∼3%로 한정하였다.Si component, Mn, W and Mo and, if necessary, combines with Cr to contain a high hardness and fine intermetallic compound, and combines with oxygen to form a complex oxide such as Al to improve wear resistance. Since the presence of a double oxide improves the sintering resistance and frictional surface heat resistance as described above, for example, it exhibits excellent wear resistance even under high load conditions. If the content is less than 0.1%, the required wear resistance is obtained. On the other hand, since the toughness falls when the content contains 3%, the content is limited to 0.1 to 3%.
(e) W 및 Mo(e) W and Mo
이들 성분은 강도를 향상시키는 작용 외에, 필요에 따라 함유되는 Fe, Ni 및 Co와 결합하여 미세한 금속간 화합물을 형성하며, 또 산소화 결합하여 미세한 산화물을 형성하여 내마모성을 향상시키는 작용이 있는데, 그 함유량이 0.1% 미만이면 필요로 하는 강도 및 내마모성을 얻을 수 없고, 한편, 그 함유량이 3%를 초과하면 인성이 저하하기 때문에, 그 함유량을 0.1∼3%로 한정하였다.In addition to improving the strength, these components combine with Fe, Ni and Co contained as necessary to form a fine intermetallic compound, and also oxygenize to form a fine oxide to improve wear resistance. If the content is less than 0.1%, the required strength and abrasion resistance cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 3%, the toughness decreases, so the content is limited to 0.1 to 3%.
(f) 산소(f) oxygen
산소는 상기한 바와같이 Al이나 Si, W, 및 Mo 또, 필요에 따라 함유되는 Cr과 결합하여 소지 중에 균일하게 분산하는 미세한 산화물을 형성하므로, 내마모성을 향상시키며, 특히, 내소결성 및 내열성의 개선에 의하여 고부하 조건하에서의 내마모성을 향상시키는 작용이 있는데, 그 함유량이 0.03% 미만이면 산화물의 형성이 너무 적어서 필요로 하는 내마모성을 얻을 수 없고, 한편, 그 함유량이 1%를 초과하면 산화물의 입자지름이 40㎛을 너머 조대화 할 뿐 아니라 면적율로 15%을 넘어 지나치게 많게되어, 합금의 강도 및 인성이 저하되는 외에, 상대부재에 대한 잠식성이 증가하게 되므로, 그 함유량을 0.03∼1%로 한정하였다.As described above, oxygen combines with Al, Si, W, and Mo, and Cr, if necessary, to form fine oxides that are uniformly dispersed in the base material, thereby improving wear resistance, and in particular, improving sintering and heat resistance. This has the effect of improving wear resistance under high load conditions. If the content is less than 0.03%, oxide formation is too small to obtain the required wear resistance. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 1%, the particle diameter of the oxide is increased. Not only was it coarsened beyond 40 µm, it became too much beyond 15% in area ratio, and the strength and toughness of the alloy were lowered, and the corrosion resistance to the counterpart member was increased. Therefore, the content was limited to 0.03 to 1%. .
(g) Fe, Ni 및 Co(g) Fe, Ni and Co
이들 성분은 소지중에 분산화하여 합금의 강도 및 인성을 향상시킴과 동시에, Cu 및 Al, 또, W, Mo 및 Cr과 결합하여, 소지중에 분산하는 미세한 금속간 화합물을 형성하여 내마모성을 향상시키는 작용이 있으므로 필요에 따라 함유되는데, 그 함유량이 0.1%미만이며 상기한 작용에서의 필요로 하는 효과를 얻을 수 없고, 한편 그 함유량이 5%를 초과하면 인성이 저하하게 되므로, 그 함유량을 0.1∼5%로 한정하였다.These components disperse in the body to improve the strength and toughness of the alloy, and combine with Cu and Al, W, Mo, and Cr to form fine intermetallic compounds dispersed in the body, thereby improving wear resistance. Therefore, if necessary, the content is less than 0.1% and the effect required in the above-described operation cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 5%, the toughness decreases, so the content is 0.1 to 5%. It was limited to.
(h) Sn(h) Sn
Sn성분은 소지에 고용하여 이를 강화하는 외에, 고부하의 조건하에서의 내소결성을 개선하여 내마모성의 향상에 기여하는 작용이 있으므로, 필요에 따라 함유되는데, 그 함유량이 0.1% 미만이면 상기한 작용에서의 필요로 하는 향상 효과를 얻을 수 없고, 한편, 그 함유량이 4%를 초과하면, 인성이 저하하는 외에, 특히, 마찰면의 내열성이 저하하여 내마모성이 손성되므로, 그 함유량을 0.1∼4%로 한정하였다.The Sn component is added to the base material to strengthen it and to improve the sintering resistance under high load conditions, thereby contributing to the improvement of the wear resistance. If the content is less than 0.1%, it is necessary for the above-described action. On the other hand, when the content was more than 4%, the toughness was lowered, and in particular, the heat resistance of the friction surface was lowered and the abrasion resistance was reduced. Therefore, the content was limited to 0.1 to 4%. .
(i) Cr(i) Cr
Cr성분은 W 및 Mo과 마찬가지로 필요에 따라 함유되는 철족 금속과 금속간 화합물을 형성하는 외에, 산화물을 형성하여, 내마모성을 더욱 향상시키는 작용이 있으므로, 필요에 따라 함유되는데, 그 함유량이 0.1% 미만이면 내마모성의 필요로 하는 향상효과를 얻을 수 없고, 한편, 그 함유량이 3%를 초과하면 인성이 저하되게 되므로, 그 함유량을 0.1∼3%로 한정하였다.The Cr component, like W and Mo, forms an iron group metal and an intermetallic compound, if necessary, and also forms an oxide to further improve abrasion resistance. Therefore, the Cr component is contained as necessary. The content is less than 0.1%. If the back surface is not required to improve the wear resistance, and on the other hand, when the content exceeds 3%, the toughness decreases, so the content is limited to 0.1 to 3%.
또, 본 발명의 Cu기 소결합금은 불가피한 불순물로 P, Mg및 Pb를 함유하는 경우가 있는데, 그 함유량의 합계가 1.5% 이하이면 합금의 특성이 하등 손상되지 않으므로, 그 정도의 함유량은 허용할 수 있다.In addition, the Cu base sintered alloy of the present invention may contain P, Mg and Pb as unavoidable impurities. If the sum of the contents is 1.5% or less, the characteristics of the alloy are not impaired at all. Can be.
[실시예]EXAMPLE
다음에, 본 발명의 Cu기 소결합금을 실시예에 따라 구체적으로 설명한다. 원료분말로, 입도가 모두 200메시 이하이며 표면산화층의 층두게를 조정하는 것에 의해 O2함유량을 각각 4%와 2%로 한 2종의 Cu-Al합금(Al : 50% 함유)분말, Cu분말, Zn분말, Al분말, Mn분말, Si분말, W분말, Mo분말, Fe분말, Ni분말, Co분말 및 Sn분말 및 Cr분말을 준비하고, 이들 원료분말을 각각 표1에 표시된 비율로 조성하여 배합하며, 보올밀로 72시간 습식분쇄혼합하고, 건조시킨후, 4000∼6000kg/㎠의 소정의 압력에서 압분체로 프레스성형하고, 잠시 후에, 노점이 0℃∼-30℃인 H2가스 분위기에서 800∼900℃의 소정의 온도를 1시간동안 지속하여 소결하며, 압괴하중 측정용으로 외경×내경×두께 70mm×62mm×8mm인 시험편을, 마모시험용으로 폭×두께×길이가 10mm×10mm×40mm인 시험편을, 또, 마찰계수 측정용으로 외경×높이가 10mm×20mm인 시험편을, 각 성분의 조성이 모든 시험편에서 본 발명에 의한 성분의 조성과 동일하도록 한 본 발명의 Cu기 소결합금 1∼30, 비교예의 Cu기 소결합금 1∼7 및 종래예의 Cu기 소결합금을 각각 제조하였다.Next, the Cu base sintered alloy of this invention is demonstrated concretely according to an Example. As the raw material powder, the particle size of all less than 200 mesh Cu-Al alloy of the two kinds of 4% and 2% of the O 2 content, respectively by adjusting the layer to place the surface of the oxide layer (Al: containing 50%) powder, Cu Powders, Zn powders, Al powders, Mn powders, Si powders, W powders, Mo powders, Fe powders, Ni powders, Co powders, Sn powders and Cr powders are prepared, and these raw powders are formulated in the proportions shown in Table 1, respectively. 72 hours of wet milling mixing with a dry mill, drying, press molding into a green compact at a predetermined pressure of 4000 to 6000 kg / cm 2, and after a while, a H 2 gas atmosphere having a dew point of 0 ° C. to 30 ° C. Sintered at a predetermined temperature of 800 to 900 ° C. for 1 hour, and a specimen having an outer diameter × inner diameter × thickness 70mm × 62mm × 8mm for measurement of crush load, and width × thickness × length 10mm × 10mm × Test pieces of 40 mm and test pieces of 10 mm x 20 mm in outer diameter x height for friction coefficient measurement. The Cu-based sintered alloys 1 to 30, Comparative Examples 1 to 7 Cu-based sintered alloy and the conventional example Cu-based sintered alloy of the present invention which is equal to the composition of the ingredients according to the invention was prepared from each.
또, 본 발명의 Cu기 소결합금 1∼30은 어느것이든 미세한 산화물 및 금속간 화합물이 소지중에 균일하게 분산하는 조직으로 되어 있다.In addition, the Cu base sintered alloys 1 to 30 of the present invention have a structure in which fine oxides and intermetallic compounds are uniformly dispersed in the substrate.
또, 또, 비교예의 Cu의 소결합금 1∼7은 어느 것이든 구성성분중의 어느 한 성분의 함유량(표1에서 ※표시를 한 것)이 본 발명의 범위에서 벗어난 것이다.In addition, in any of the small-bonding alloys 1 to 7 of Cu of the comparative example, the content (the one indicated by * in Table 1) of any component is out of the scope of the present invention.
다음에, 이 결과 얻어진 각종 Cu기 소결합금에 대하여 강도 및 인성을 평가하는 목적으로 압괴하중을 측정하고, 또, 내마모성을 평가할 목적으로, 시편 형상: 8mm×8mm×30mm, 상대부재 : 재질이 SUH36이며, 외경이 30mm, 폭이 5mm인 링, 오일 : 5W 엔진오일, 유온 : 75℃, 마찰속도 :8m/sec, 마찰속도 : 8m/sec, 최종하중 : 5kg, 미끄럼거리 : 1.5km의 조건으로 블럭 온 링 마모시험을 실시하여 비마모량을 측정하고, 또, 상대부재에 대한 동기특성을 평가하는 목적으로, 시편 형상 : 직경이 2mm 핀, 상대부재 : SUH36의 디스크, 오일 : 5W의 엔진오일, 유온 : 80℃, 마찰속도 : 8m/sec, 압력 : 2kg, 미끄럼거리 : 1.5km의 조건으로 핀 마모시험을 실시하여 토오크메터로부터 마찰계수를 산출하였으며, 그 결과를 표 1에 표시하였다.Next, for the purpose of evaluating the crushing load for the purpose of evaluating the strength and toughness of the various Cu-based small alloys obtained as a result, and for evaluating the wear resistance, the specimen shape: 8 mm x 8 mm x 30 mm, the counterpart member: the material is SUH36 Ring with an outer diameter of 30mm, width of 5mm, oil: 5W engine oil, oil temperature: 75 ℃, frictional speed: 8m / sec, frictional speed: 8m / sec, final load: 5kg, sliding distance: 1.5km For the purpose of performing the block-on-ring abrasion test to measure the amount of wear, and to evaluate the synchronous characteristics of the mating member, the specimen shape: 2mm diameter pin, the mating member: SUH36 disk, oil: 5W engine oil, The friction coefficient was calculated from the torque meter by performing a pin wear test under the condition of oil temperature: 80 ℃, friction speed: 8m / sec, pressure: 2kg, sliding distance: 1.5km, and the results are shown in Table 1.
[표 1의 1·2]Table 1-2 of Table 1
[표 1의 3][Table 1 3]
표1에 표시된 결과로부터, 본 발명의 Cu기 소결합금 1∼30의 마찰계수는 모두 종래예의 Cu기 소결합금의 마찰계수와 동일하며, 이것은 상대부재에 대한 동기 특성이 우수하다는 것을 표시하는 것이며, 또, 종래예의 Cu기 소결합금과 비교하여 한층 우수한 내마모성, 강도 및 인성을 갖는 것에 대하여, 비교예의 Cu기 소결합금 1∼7에서 볼 수 있는 바와 같이, 구성성분 중의 어느 한 성분의 함유량이 본 발명의 범위에서 벗어나면 내마모성, 강도 및 인성 중 적어도 어느 한 특성이 떨어진다는 것이 명백하다.From the results shown in Table 1, the friction coefficients of the Cu-based small alloys 1 to 30 of the present invention are all the same as the friction coefficients of the Cu-based small alloys of the prior art, which indicates that the synchronous characteristics of the mating member are excellent. In addition, as can be seen in the Cu base sintered alloys 1 to 7 of Comparative Example, the content of any one of the constituents of the present invention is higher than that of the Cu base sintered alloy of the prior art. It is clear that at least one of the wear resistance, the strength and the toughness is deteriorated when it is out of the range of.
상술한 바와같이, 본 발명의 Cu기 소결합금은 내마모성, 강도 및 인성이 우수하며, 또, 상대부재에 대한 동기특성도 우수하기 때문에, 소형화 및 경량화, 그리고, 고출력화가 요구되는 각종 기기의 구조부재로서의 적용에 충분히 대응할 수 있는 재료이며, 또, 실제로 사용하는 경우에는 우수한 성능을 장기간동안 나타내는 등의 공업상 유용한 특성을 갖는 것이다.As described above, the Cu base sintered alloy of the present invention is excellent in abrasion resistance, strength and toughness, and also excellent in synchronizing characteristics with respect to the counterpart member. Therefore, structural members of various apparatuses requiring miniaturization, light weight, and high output are required. It is a material that can sufficiently cope with application as a material, and when it is actually used, it has industrially useful characteristics such as excellent performance for a long time.
Claims (8)
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| JP63-270111 | 1988-10-26 | ||
| JP63270111A JP2556114B2 (en) | 1988-10-26 | 1988-10-26 | High strength and high toughness Cu-based sintered alloy with excellent wear resistance |
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| KR940002687B1 true KR940002687B1 (en) | 1994-03-30 |
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| SE526448C2 (en) * | 2003-08-28 | 2005-09-20 | Sandvik Intellectual Property | Copper base alloy and its use in boiling environments |
| CL2010000655A1 (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2010-10-22 | Com Kraviva Spa | Copper alloy horseshoes with bactericidal and fungicidal properties comprising copper, zinc, aluminum, iron and optionally manganese. |
| DE102013004383B4 (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2015-06-03 | Diehl Metall Stiftung & Co. Kg | Use of a copper-zinc alloy |
| CN103805803A (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2014-05-21 | 熊科学 | Preparation method of alloy material with scale removal function |
| DE202016102696U1 (en) | 2016-05-20 | 2017-08-29 | Otto Fuchs - Kommanditgesellschaft - | Special brass alloy as well as special brass alloy product |
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