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KR920002191A - 액화 개스를 비등시키는 방법 - Google Patents

액화 개스를 비등시키는 방법 Download PDF

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KR920002191A
KR920002191A KR1019910013093A KR910013093A KR920002191A KR 920002191 A KR920002191 A KR 920002191A KR 1019910013093 A KR1019910013093 A KR 1019910013093A KR 910013093 A KR910013093 A KR 910013093A KR 920002191 A KR920002191 A KR 920002191A
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liquefied gas
heat exchange
heat
passages
passage
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KR1019910013093A
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KR0185587B1 (ko
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테렌스 라빈 죤
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마이클 위크햄
더 비오씨 그룹 피엘씨
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
    • F28F13/185—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings
    • F28F13/187—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings especially adapted for evaporator surfaces or condenser surfaces, e.g. with nucleation sites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0003—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation by using heat-exchange surfaces for indirect contact between gases or vapours and the cooling medium
    • B01D5/0015—Plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0033—Other features
    • B01D5/0036—Multiple-effect condensation; Fractional condensation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0078—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation characterised by auxiliary systems or arrangements
    • B01D5/0081—Feeding the steam or the vapours
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
    • F25J3/04884—Arrangement of reboiler-condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F25J5/005—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger in a reboiler-condenser, e.g. within a column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F28D9/0068—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements with means for changing flow direction of one heat exchange medium, e.g. using deflecting zones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/04—Down-flowing type boiler-condenser, i.e. with evaporation of a falling liquid film
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/10—Boiler-condenser with superposed stages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/20—Boiler-condenser with multiple exchanger cores in parallel or with multiple re-boiling or condensing streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/32—Details on header or distribution passages of heat exchangers, e.g. of reboiler-condenser or plate heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/44—Particular materials used, e.g. copper, steel or alloys thereof or surface treatments used, e.g. enhanced surface

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

내용 없음

Description

액화 개스를 비등시키는 방법
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
제1도는 고압 컬럼 및 저압 컬럼을 포함하는 공기 분리 장치의 본 발명 형성부에 따른 콘덴서-리보일러를 부분절개한 개략적인 정면도이고,
제2도는 액체산소의 낙하막(falling film) 이 부분적으로 비등시키는 종류인, 제1도에 도시된 장치의 열교환기 형성부의 개략적인 투시도이다.

Claims (14)

  1. 액화 개스를 비등시키기 위한 제1열교환 통로 셋트를 한정하는 다수의 제1열전달 표면 각각의 아래쪽으로 액화 개스의 낙화막(falling film)을 생성시키는 단계, 하강하는 액체의 일부가 비등되도록 상기 제1표면을 가열하는 단계, 액화 개스를 비등시키기 위한 제2통로 셋트를 한정하는 다수의 제2열전달 표면이 적어도 부분적으로 침지되어 있는 대량의 액화 개스속으로 비등되지 않은 액화 개스를 통과시키는 단계, 액화 개스가 상기 제2통로를 통해 흐르도록 하는 단계, 및 상기 제2통로를 통과하는 액화 개스의 적어도 일부가 비등되도록 상기 제2열전달 표면을 가열하는 단계를 포함하는, 액화개스를 비등시키는 방법.
  2. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제1및 제2열전달 표면을 액화 개스와 상이한 조성을 갖는 응축 증기를 포함하는 열교환 유체를 사용하여 각각 가열하고, 상기 제1열교환 통로를 적어도 하나의 제1열교환기내에서 상기 열교환 유체가 통과할 수 있는 열교환 통로와 교대로 배열하고, 상기 제2열교환 통로를 적어도 하나의 제2열교환기내에서 상기 열교환 유체가 통과할 수 있는 열교환 통로와 교대로 배열하는 방법.
  3. 제2항에 있어서, 상기 액화 개스가 액체 산소이고, 상기 열교환 유체가 질소인 방법.
  4. 제3항에 있어서, 액체산소의 공급원이 공기가 분리되는 정류 컬럼내의 액체-증기 접촉수단이고, 제1열교환 통로를 액체 산소가 중력에 의해 공급될 수 있도록 액체-증기 접촉수단 아래쪽에 위치시키는 방법.
  5. 제4항에 있어서, 상기 대량의 액화 개스가 저압 정류 컬럼, 및 질소를 포함하는 열교환 유체를 공급하는 고압 정류 컬럼을 포함하는 이중 정류 컬럼의 상기 저압 컬럼 형성부분인 저압 정류 컬럼의 배수조(sump)내에 함유된 방법.
  6. 제3항 내지 제5항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 제2열교환 통로를 통한 액화 개스의 흐름을, 각각의 상기 제2열교환 통로를 그의 기저부에서 대량의 액화 개스에 대해 개방시키고, 제2열전달 표면을 가열하여 액화 개스를 비등시킴으로서 열사이펀 효과(thermosiphon effect)에 의해 이들 통로를 통하여 액화 개스의 연속 흐름이 야기되도록 액화 개스의 높이를 유지시킴으로서 달성하는 방법.
  7. 제1항 내지 제6항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 각각의 제1열교환 표면이, 기공이 개방되어 서로 연통되어 있는 다공성 금속 피막에 의해 제공된, 증기포(vapor bubble)의 형성을 위한 핵형성 부위를 갖는 방법.
  8. 사용시에 대량의 액화 개스를 함유하는데 적합한 용기내로 비등되지 않은 액체가 흐르도록 배열된 출구를 갖는, 액화 개스의 낙화막을 각각 비등시키기 위한 제1열교환 통로 셋트를 한정하는 다수의 제1열전달 표면,운전시에 하강하는 액체의 일부가 비등되도록 상기 제1열전달 표면을 가열하기 위한 수단, 액화 개스가 통하여 흐르는데 적합하며, 사용시에 용기내의 대량의 액화개스내에 적어도 부분적으로 침지되도록 배치되어 있는, 액화 개스를 비등시키기 위한 제2열교환 통로 셋트를 한정하는 다수의 제2열전달 표면, 및 통과하는 액화 개스의 적어도 일부가 비등되도록 상기 제2열전달 표면을 가열하기 위한 수단을 포함하는, 액화 개스를 비등시키기 위한 장치.
  9. 제8항에 있어서, 상기 제1열교환 통로를 적어도 하나의 제1열교환기내에서 열교환 유체가 통과할 수 있는 열교환 통로와 교대로 배열하고, 상기 제2열교환 통로를 적어도 하나의 제2열교환기내에서 상기 열교환 유체가 통과할 수 있는 열교환 통로와 교대로 배열한 장치.
  10. 제9항에 있어서, 열교환기가 정류 컬럼내에 위치하는 장치.
  11. 제10항에 있어서, 정류 컬럼내의 액체-증기 접촉수단으로부터 수득한 액체 산소를 상기 적어도 하나의 제1열교환기로 공급하기 위한 중간 탱크를 추가로 포함하는 장치.
  12. 제11항에 있어서, 상기 대량의 액화 개스를 함유하는 용기가 저압 정류 컬럼 및 고압 정류 컬럼을 포함하는 이중 정류 컬럼의 저압 정류 컬럼 형성부분인 저압 정류 컬럼의 배수조인 장치.
  13. 제8항 내지 제12항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 제2열교환 통로가 그의 저부에서 개방되어 있고, 용기내의 액화 개스의 높이가 운전시에는 제2열전달 표면을 가열하여 액화 개스를 비등시킴으로서 열사이펀 효과에 의해 상기 통로를 액화 개스의 연속 흐름이 야기되도록 유지되는 장치.
  14. 제8항 내지 제13항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 각각의 제1열교환 표면이, 기공이 개방되어 서로 연통되어 있는 다공성 피막에 의해 제공된, 증기포의 형성을 위한 핵 형성 부위를 가진 장치.
    ※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
KR1019910013093A 1990-07-31 1991-07-30 액화 개스를 비등시키는 방법 KR0185587B1 (ko)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB909016766A GB9016766D0 (en) 1990-07-31 1990-07-31 Boiling liquefied gas
GB9016766.9 1990-07-31

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KR920002191A true KR920002191A (ko) 1992-02-28
KR0185587B1 KR0185587B1 (ko) 1999-04-15

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EP (1) EP0469780B1 (ko)
KR (1) KR0185587B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN1058643A (ko)
AU (1) AU8138291A (ko)
CA (1) CA2048254A1 (ko)
DE (1) DE69103709T2 (ko)
GB (1) GB9016766D0 (ko)
ZA (1) ZA915029B (ko)

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GB9315061D0 (en) * 1993-07-19 1993-09-01 Boc Group Plc Fractional distillation
US5438836A (en) * 1994-08-05 1995-08-08 Praxair Technology, Inc. Downflow plate and fin heat exchanger for cryogenic rectification
US5699671A (en) * 1996-01-17 1997-12-23 Praxair Technology, Inc. Downflow shell and tube reboiler-condenser heat exchanger for cryogenic rectification
DE19605500C1 (de) * 1996-02-14 1997-04-17 Linde Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verdampfen einer Flüssigkeit
FR2774755B1 (fr) * 1998-02-09 2000-04-28 Air Liquide Condenseur a plaques brasees perfectionne et son application aux doubles colonnes de distillation d'air
EP1094286B1 (de) * 1999-10-20 2005-06-15 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft
DE19950570A1 (de) 1999-10-20 2001-04-26 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft
FR2876441B1 (fr) * 2004-10-08 2017-07-21 Thermi Consult Condenseur de vapeur a plaques soudees notamment pour tour de condensation et de decantation

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DE1949609C3 (de) * 1969-10-01 1978-05-11 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Kondensatorverdampfer für einen Doppelsäulenrektifikator
JPS60253782A (ja) * 1984-05-30 1985-12-14 日本酸素株式会社 大型空気分離装置用凝縮器
US4699209A (en) * 1986-03-27 1987-10-13 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Heat exchanger design for cryogenic reboiler or condenser service
FR2650379B1 (fr) * 1989-07-28 1991-10-18 Air Liquide Appareil de vaporisation-condensation pour double colonne de distillation d'air, et installation de distillation d'air comportant un tel appareil

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CA2048254A1 (en) 1992-02-01
EP0469780B1 (en) 1994-08-31
CN1058643A (zh) 1992-02-12
ZA915029B (en) 1992-06-24
EP0469780A1 (en) 1992-02-05
DE69103709D1 (de) 1994-10-06
AU8138291A (en) 1992-02-13
GB9016766D0 (en) 1990-09-12
KR0185587B1 (ko) 1999-04-15
DE69103709T2 (de) 1994-12-22

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