KR20200049868A - 폴리에테르케톤케톤(pekk)의 압출 적층 제조방법 및 제품 - Google Patents
폴리에테르케톤케톤(pekk)의 압출 적층 제조방법 및 제품 Download PDFInfo
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
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- B29C71/00—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor
- B29C71/02—Thermal after-treatment
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- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
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- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G65/46—Post-polymerisation treatment, e.g. recovery, purification, drying
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- C08G2650/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
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Abstract
Description
도 2는, 온도가 80℃인 챔버에서, 70:30의 T:I 비율을 가지는 폴리에테르케톤케톤의 두께 2mm 부분의, 실시예 1에 기재된 200℃에서 시편을 1시간 또는 2시간 동안 가열하는 결정화 과정 후의 WAXD 패턴을 도시한다.
도 3은, 본 발명에 따라 제조된, 70:30의 T:I 비율을 가지는 PEKK로 제조된, 5인치인 PEKK 부품을 도시한다. 도시된 부품들은 프린팅된(상단) 부품 및 프린트 후 가열된 부품(하단)이며, 두 부품 모두 추가적인 뒤틀림이나 치수들의 변화를 보이지 않는다.
도 4는, 층들 사이에 형성된 틈에 의해 확인되는 바와 같이, 불량한 층간 부착력을 가지는 PEEK 인장 시편(대조물)을 도시한다.
도 5는, 70:30의 T:I 비율을 가지는 PEKK로 프린팅된, 프린팅된 상태의 물품(an as printed article)(상단)과, PEEK로 프린팅된 물품(하단) 각각에서 관찰된 수축을 도시한다. 도 5에서 관찰되는 바와 같이, PEKK 시편은 각 PEKK 시편의 수직 가장자리로부터 볼 때 수축이 적었다. PEKK 시편의 가장자리는 실질적으로 직선으로 보이는 반면, PEEK 시편의 가장자리는 안쪽으로 곡선을 그려 불균일한 수축을 보인다.
도 6은, 실시예 3의 유한 요소 해석 모델에서 예측한 결정성에 대한 플롯이다. 본 도면은 본 발명에 의해 제조된 부품의 “프린트된 상태의(as printed)” 결정성이 15 중량% 결정도 미만임을 입증한다.
도 7은, 실시예 3에서 사용된 유한 요소 해석 모델에서 사용된 기하학적 구조와 아웃풋의 예시를 도시한다.
결정도 (중량%, WAXD) | XY축 방향 최대 응력 (MPa) | XY축 방향 파단 신도 (%) | Z축 방향 최대 응력 (MPa) | Z축 방향 파단 신도(%) | ||
PEKK(1) | 프린트된 상태 | 0% | 83 | 10.4% | 48 | 5.5% |
PEKK(1) | 처리 후(post treatment) 상태 | 0% | 87 | 11.0% | n/t | n/t |
PEKK(2) | 프린트된 상태 | 0-2.5% | 84 | 13.0% | 51 | 4.8% |
PEKK(2) | 처리 후(post treatment) 상태 | 22% | 90 | 8.2% | 56 | 5.2% |
PEEK | 프린트된 상태 | 21% | 79 | 19.9% | 5 | 5.0% |
재료 | 박벽 상에서의 %변형률 |
프린트된 상태의 PEKK(2) | 1.2% |
포스트-가공 후 PEKK(2) | 3.0%* 균일한 수축 |
프린트된 상태의 PEEK | 4.4% |
ABS | 1.1% |
Claims (14)
- 적어도 다음의 단계를 포함하는 압출 프린팅 공정을 사용하여 반결정질 물품(article)을 형성하기 위한, 재료 적층 제조방법(material additive manufacturing process):
(i) 랜덤 폴리에테르케톤케톤(PEKK) 공중합체 및 임의로 하나 이상의 첨가제를 포함하는 열가소성 중합체 조성물을 압출 프린팅하여, 중량% 결정도가 15% 이하, 바람직하게는 10% 이하, 보다 바람직하게는 5% 이하인 물품을 생성시키는 단계로서, 상기 PEKK 공중합체는 약 61:39 내지 85:15의, 바람직하게는 65:35 내지 80:20의, 보다 바람직하게는 약 68:32 내지 75:25의, 가장 바람직하게는 약 70:30의 T:I 비율을 가지는, 단계. - 제1항에 있어서, 단계 1로부터의 상기 물품을 열처리하여 포스트 프린트 물품(post printed article)을 생성하는 단계를 추가로 포함하고, 이에 의해 상기 포스트 프린트 물품의 중량% 결정도가 증대되는, 재료 적층 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 단계 1로부터의 상기 물품을 열처리하여, 최종 중량% 결정도가 15%를 초과하는, 바람직하게는 20% 이상인, 보다 바람직하게는 약 25% 이상인, 가장 바람직하게는 적어도 30% 이상인 포스트 프린트 물품을 생성하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는, 재료 적층 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 랜덤 PEKK 공중합체는 96% 황산 중에서 약 0.5 dL/g 내지 1.5 dL/g, 바람직하게는 약 0.6 dL/g 내지 1.2 dL/g, 보다 바람직하게는 약 0.7 dL/g 내지 1.1 dL/g의 고유 점도를 갖는 것인, 상기 압출 프린팅 공정을 사용하여 물품을 형성하기 위한, 재료 적층 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 포스트 프린팅 처리 전에, 상기 물품의 결정도가 약 5 중량% 이하로 유지되는, 상기 압출 프린팅 공정을 사용하여 물품을 형성하기 위한, 재료 적층 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 포스트 프린팅 처리 전에는 상기 물품이 실질적으로 비결정성이거나 비결정성이고 프린트 후에는 상기 물품이 결정화가 가능한, 상기 압출 프린팅 공정을 사용하여 물품을 형성하기 위한, 재료 적층 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 PEKK 공중합체가 250℃에서 약 2초 이상 1분 미만의 결정화 반감기를 가지는, 상기 압출 프린팅 공정을 사용하여 물품을 형성하기 위한, 재료 적층 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 프린터 챔버가 PEKK 공중합체의 유리전이온도(Tg)보다 낮은 온도로 유지되는, 상기 압출 프린팅 공정을 사용하여 물품을 형성하기 위한, 재료 적층 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 프린터 챔버가, 시차주사열량법(DSC)에 의해 측정된 PEKK 공중합체의 냉각결정화 온도보다 낮은 온도, 바람직하게는 상기 냉각결정화 온도보다 50℃ 이상 낮은 온도, 보다 바람직하게는 상기 냉각결정화 온도보다 80℃ 이상 낮은 온도에서 유지되는, 상기 압출 프린팅 공정을 사용하여 물품을 형성하기 위한, 재료 적층 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 프린터 챔버가 160℃ 미만, 바람직하게는 140℃ 미만, 보다 바람직하게는 120℃ 미만의 온도에서 유지되는, 상기 압출 프린팅 공정을 사용하여 물품을 형성하기 위한, 재료 적층 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 프린터 챔버가 약 60℃ 내지 약 120℃, 바람직하게는 약 60℃ 내지 약 100℃의 온도로 유지되는, 상기 압출 프린팅 공정을 사용하여 물품을 형성하기 위한, 재료 적층 제조방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 항복 또는 파단 시 Z 방향 인장 응력이 x-y 방향의 인장 응력의 약 40%를 초과하는 물품을 생성하는, 상기 압출 프린팅 공정을 사용하여 물품을 형성하기 위한, 재료 적층 제조방법.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 추가 가열 단계가 다단계 온도 공정을 포함하는, 재료 압출 프린팅 공정을 사용하여 물품을 형성하기 위한, 재료 적층 제조방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 열가소성 중합체 조성물이, 탄소 섬유, 유리 섬유, 탄소 나노 섬유, 현무암 섬유, 활석, 탄소 나노 튜브, 탄소 분말, 흑연, 그래핀, 이산화티타늄, 안료, 점토, 실리카, 가공 조제, 산화방지제 및 안정제로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택된 충전제 및/또는 첨가제를 추가로 포함하는, 상기 압출 프린팅 공정을 사용하여 물품을 형성하기 위한, 재료 적층 제조방법.
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