KR20140148435A - 식품 포장물 및 식품 가공 장치용 자체-윤활성 표면 - Google Patents
식품 포장물 및 식품 가공 장치용 자체-윤활성 표면 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
도 1a는 본 발명의 특정 양태에 따르는, 비습윤성 표면과 접촉하는 액체의 도식적 단면도이다.
도 1b는 본 발명의 특정 양태에 따르는, 비습윤성 표면을 관통하는 액체의 도식적 단면도이다.
도 1c는 본 발명의 특정 양태에 따르는, 액체-함침된 표면과 접촉하는 액체의 도식적 단면도이다.
도 2는 알루미늄 기판 위에 에탄올과 카나우바 왁스의 에멀젼을 분무함으로써 수득된 전형적인 조면화(rough) 표면의 SEM(주사 전자 현미경) 이미지이다. 건조 후, 상기 입자들은 10㎛ 내지 50㎛의 특징적인 크기를 나타내며, 인접한 입자들 사이에 20㎛ 내지 50㎛의 특징적인 간격을 갖는 밀도가 낮은 클러스터로 배열된다. 이들 입자들은 상기 계층적 텍스쳐의 제1 길이 범위를 구성한다.
도 3은 비등된 에탄올-왁스 에멀젼으로부터 수득되고 알루미늄 기판 위에 분무된 카나우바 왁스의 입자의 예시적인 디테일의 SEM(주사 전자 현미경) 이미지이다. 건조 후, 상기 왁스 입자들은 100nm 내지 1㎛의 특징적인 공극 너비와 200nm 내지 2㎛의 공극 길이를 갖는 다공성이고 마이크로미터 이하의 조도(roughness)를 갖는 피쳐를 나타낸다. 이들 다공성 조면화된 피쳐는 상기 계층적 텍스쳐의 제2 길이 범위를 구성한다.
도 4는 알루미늄 기판 위에 에탄올과 카나우바 왁스 입자들의 혼합물을 분무함으로써 수득한 전형적인 조면화 표면의 SEM(주사 전자 현미경) 이미지이다. 건조 후, 상기 입자들은 10㎛ 내지 50㎛의 특징적인 크기를 나타내며 인접한 입자들 사이에 10㎛ 내지 30㎛의 특징적인 간격을 갖는 조밀한 클러스터들로 배열된다. 이들 입자들은 계층적 텍스쳐의 제1 길이 범위를 구성한다.
도 5는 알루미늄 기판 위에 분무된 왁스 입자-에탄올 혼합물로부터 수득된 카나우바 왁스의 입자의 예시적인 디테일의 SEM(주사 전자 현미경) 이미지이다. 건조 후, 상기 왁스 입자들은 높이가 100nm이고 종횡비가 낮으며 마이크로미터 이하의 조도를 갖는 피쳐를 나타낸다. 이들 다공성 조면화된 피쳐는 상기 계층적 텍스쳐의 제2 길이 범위를 구성한다.
도 6은 알루미늄 기판 위에 용매 용액과 카나우바 왁스의 에멀젼을 분무함으로써 수득한 전형적인 조면화 표면의 SEM(주사 전자 현미경) 이미지이다. 건조 후, 상기 입자들은 10㎛ 내지 10㎛의 특징적인 크기 및 30㎛의 특징적인 평균 크기를 나타낸다. 이들은 인접한 입자들 사이에 50㎛ 내지 100㎛의 특징적인 간격을 가지며 넓은 간격으로 배열된다. 이들 입자들은 계층적 텍스쳐의 제1 길이 범위를 구성한다.
도 7은 용매-왁스 에멀젼으로부터 수득하고 알루미늄 기판 위에 분무된 카바우나 왁스의 입자들의 예시적인 디테일의 SEM(주사 전자 현미경) 이미지이다. 건조 후, 상기 왁스 입자들은 200nm의 공극 너비 및 200nm 내지 2㎛의 공극 길이의 특징적인 너비를 갖고 마이크로미터 이하의 조도를 갖는 피쳐를 나타낸다. 이들 다공성 조도의 피쳐는 상기 계층적 텍스쳐의 제2 길이 범위를 구성한다.
도 8 내지 도 13은 본 발명의 예시 양태에 따라 액체 합침된 표면 위의 케첩 반점의 연속 이미지들을 포함한다.
도 14는 본 발명의 예시 양태에 따라, 플라스틱 병으로부터 흘러나오는 케첩의 연속 이미지들을 포함한다.
도 15는 본 발명의 예시 양태에 따라, 유리 병으로부터 흘러나오는 케첩의 연속 이미지들을 포함한다.
도 16은, 본 발명의 예시 양태에 따라, 병으로부터 흘러나오는 머스타드의 연속 이미지들을 포함한다.
도 17은, 본 발명의 예시 양태에 따라, 병으로부터 흘러나오는 마요네즈의 연속 이미지들을 포함한다.
도 18은, 본 발명의 예시 양태에 따라, 병으로부터 흘러나오는 젤리의 연속 이미지들을 포함한다.
도 19는, 본 발명의 예시 양태에 따라, 병으로부터 흘러나오는 사워 크림 및 어니언 딥(onion dip)의 연속 이미지들을 포함한다.
도 20은, 본 발명의 예시 양태에 따라, 병으로부터 흘러나오는 요거트의 연속 이미지들을 포함한다.
도 21은, 본 발명의 예시 양태에 따라, 병으로부터 흘러나오는 치약의 연속 이미지들을 포함한다.
도 22는, 본 발명의 예시 양태에 따라, 병으로부터 흘러나오는 헤어 젤의 연속 이미지들을 포함한다.
Claims (30)
- 액체-함침된 표면을 포함하는 제품(article)으로서,
상기 표면은, 고체 피쳐(feature)들 사이에 또는 고체 피쳐들 내부에 액체를 안정적으로 수용하기에 충분하게 가깝게 이격된 고체 피쳐들의 매트릭스를 포함하고, 상기 피쳐들 및 액체가 무독성이고/이거나 식용 가능한, 제품. - 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제품이 소비재(consumer product)의 용기인, 제품.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 고체 피쳐들이 입자들을 포함하는, 제품.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 입자들의 평균 치수가 5 내지 50㎛의 범위인, 제품.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 입자들이, 불용성 섬유들, 정제된 목재 셀룰로스, 미세결정질 셀룰로스, 귀리 겨 섬유, 카올리나이트(점토 무기질), 재팬 왁스(장과류로부터 수득), 펄프(식물 줄기의 스펀지 부분), 산화제2철, 산화철, 나트륨 포르메이트, 나트륨 올레에이트, 나트륨 팔미테이트, 황산나트륨, 왁스, 카나우바 왁스, 비즈왁스, 칸데릴라 왁스, (옥수수로부터의) 제인, 덱스트린, 셀룰로스 에테르, 하이드록시에틸 셀룰로스, 하이드록시프로필 셀룰로스(HPC), 하이드록시에틸 메틸 셀룰로스, 하이드록시프로필 메틸 셀룰로스(HPMC), 및 에틸 하이드록시에틸 셀룰로스로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 하나 이상의 구성원을 포함하는, 제품.
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 입자들이 왁스를 포함하는, 제품.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 입자들이 불규칙적으로 이격된, 제품.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 입자들이 인접한 입자들 사이에 또는 입자들의 클러스터와들 사이에 약 10㎛ 내지 약 30㎛의 평균 간격으로 배열된, 제품.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 입자들이 분무 침착된, 제품.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 소비재는, 케첩(ketchup), 케첩(catsup), 머스타드, 마요네즈, 시럽, 꿀, 젤리, 땅콩 버터, 버터, 초콜릿 시럽, 쇼트닝, 버터, 마가린, 올레오, 그리스, 딥(dip), 요거트, 사워 크림(sour cream), 화장품, 샴푸, 로션, 헤어 젤 및 치약으로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 구성원을 포함하는, 제품.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 소비재의 용기는, 상기 소비재로 충전된 경우에 상온 저장 안정성(shelf-stable)인, 제품.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 소비재는 실온에서 100cP 이상의 점도를 갖는, 제품.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 소비재는 비-뉴턴성 물질(non-Newtonian material)인, 제품.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 액체는, 식품 첨가제(예를 들면, 에틸 올레에이트), 지방산, 단백질, 및 식물성 오일(예를 들면, 올리브유, 경질(light) 올리브유, 옥수수유, 대두유, 평지씨유, 아마인유, 포도씨유, 아마씨유, 카놀라유, 땅콩유, 홍화유, 해바리기유)로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 하나 이상의 구성원을 포함하는, 제품.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제품이 소비재 가공 장치의 부품인, 제품.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제품이, 식품과 접촉하는 식품 가공 장치의 부품인, 제품.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 액체-함침된 표면은 고체 대 액체 비(solid-to-liquid ratio)가 약 50% 미만인, 제품.
- 소비재의 용기의 제조 방법으로서, 상기 방법은
기판을 제공하는 단계;
고체 피쳐들 사이에 및/또는 고체 피쳐들 내부에 액체를 안정적으로 수용하기에 충분하게 가깝게 이격된 고체 피쳐들의 매트릭스를 포함하는 텍스쳐(texture)를 상기 기판에 적용(applying)하는 단계; 및
상기 고체 피쳐들의 상기 매트릭스를 상기 액체로 함침시키는 단계
를 포함하며,
상기 고체 피쳐들 및 상기 액체가 무독성이고/이거나 식용 가능한,
소비재의 용기의 제조 방법. - 제18항에 있어서, 상기 고체 피쳐들이 입자들인, 방법.
- 제19항에 있어서, 상기 적용 단계가, 고체와 용매의 혼합물을 상기 텍스쳐링된 기판 위에 분무하는 것을 포함하는, 방법.
- 제20항에 있어서, 상기 고체가, 불용성 섬유들, 정제된 목재 셀룰로스, 미세결정질 셀룰로스, 귀리 겨 섬유, 카올리나이트(점토 무기질), 재팬 왁스(장과류로부터 수득), 펄프(식물 줄기의 스펀지 부분), 산화제2철, 산화철, 나트륨 포르메이트, 나트륨 올레에이트, 나트륨 팔미테이트, 황산나트륨, 왁스, 카나우바 왁스, 비즈왁스, 칸데릴라 왁스, (옥수수로부터의) 제인, 덱스트린, 셀룰로스 에테르, 하이드록시에틸 셀룰로스, 하이드록시프로필 셀룰로스(HPC), 하이드록시에틸 메틸 셀룰로스, 하이드록시프로필 메틸 셀룰로스(HPMC), 및 에틸 하이드록시에틸 셀룰로스로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 하나 이상의 구성원을 포함하는, 방법.
- 제20항에 있어서, 상기 혼합물을 상기 텍스쳐링된 기판 위에 분무하는 단계 이후이면서 상기 함침 단계 이전인 때에 상기 용매를 증발시키는 것을 포함하는, 방법.
- 제18항에 있어서, 상기 피쳐들의 함침된 매트릭스를 소비재와 접촉시키는 단계를 추가로 포함하는, 방법.
- 제23항에 있어서, 상기 소비재가, 케첩, 케첩, 머스타드, 마요네즈, 시럽, 꿀, 젤리, 땅콩 버터, 버터, 초콜릿 시럽, 쇼트닝, 버터, 마가린, 올레오, 그리스, 딥, 요거트, 사워 크림, 화장품, 샴푸, 로션, 헤어 젤 및 치약으로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 구성원을 포함하는, 방법.
- 제18항에 있어서, 상기 액체가, 식품 첨가제(예를 들면, 에틸 올레에이트), 지방산, 단백질, 및 식물성 오일(예를 들면, 올리브유, 경질 올리브유, 옥수수유, 대두유, 평지씨유, 아마인유, 포도씨유, 아마씨유, 카놀라유, 땅콩유, 홍화유, 해바리기유)로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 하나 이상의 구성원을 포함하는, 방법.
- 제18항에 있어서, 상기 텍스쳐를 상기 기판에 적용하는 단계가, 상기 기판을 용매에 노출시키는 것(예를 들면, 용매 유도된 결정화), 물질들의 혼합물을 압출 또는 취입-성형하는 것, 상기 기판을 기계적 작용에 의해 조면화하는 것(예를 들면, 연마재를 사용하는 텀블링), 분무 피복, 중합체 스피닝, 용액으로부터 입자들을 침착시키는 것(예를 들면, 층 대 층 침착(layer-by-layer deposition) 및/또는 액체 및 입자 현탁액으로부터의 액체 증발 제거), 발포체 또는 발포체 형성 물질(예를 들면, 폴리우레탄 발포체)을 압출 또는 취입-성형하는 것, 용액으로부터 중합체를 침착시키는 것, 냉각시 팽창하는 물질을 압출 또는 취입-성형하여 주름지거나 텍스쳐링된 표면을 남기는 것, 장력 또는 압축하의 표면 위에 물질의 층을 도포하는 것, 중합체의 비-용매 유도된 상 분리를 수행하여 다공성 구조물을 수득하는 것, 마이크로-접촉 인쇄의 수행, 레이저 래스터링(laser rastering)의 수행, 증기로부터의 고체 텍스쳐의 핵형성의 수행(예를 들면, 탈승화(desublimation)), 양극산화(anodization)의 수행, 밀링, 기계가공, 널링(knurling) 또는 e-빔 밀링의 수행, 열적 또는 화학적 산화의 수행 및 화학적 증착의 수행으로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 과정을 포함하는, 방법.
- 제18항에 있어서, 상기 기판에 상기 텍스쳐를 적용하는 단계가, 상기 기판 위에 식용 가능한 입자들의 혼합물을 분무하는 것을 포함하는, 방법.
- 제18항에 있어서, 상기 텍스쳐를 상기 기판에 적용하고/하거나 상기 텍스쳐의 고체 피쳐들을 화학적으로 개질시키기 전에, 상기 기판을 화학적으로 개질시키는 것을 추가로 포함하는, 방법.
- 제18항에 있어서, 상기 피쳐들의 매트릭스를 함침시키는 단계가 상기 피쳐들의 매트릭스로부터 과량의 액체를 제거하는 것을 포함하는, 방법.
- 제29항에 있어서, 상기 과량의 액체를 제거하는 것이, 제2의 비혼화성 액체를 사용하여 상기 과량의 액체를 운반하여 제거하는 것, 기계적 작용을 사용하여 상기 과량의 액체를 제거하는 것, 다공성 물질을 사용하여 상기 과량의 액체를 흡수시키는 것 및 중력 또는 원심분리력을 사용하여 상기 피쳐들의 매트릭스의 과량의 액체를 배출시키는 것으로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 과정을 포함하는, 방법.
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KR20190114307A (ko) | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-10 | 한국생산기술연구원 | 키틴과 윤활제의 화학반응을 이용한 초발수 및 슬리퍼리 표면 형성기술 |
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