KR20140102728A - Raft 폴리머 - Google Patents
Raft 폴리머 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20140102728A KR20140102728A KR1020147018531A KR20147018531A KR20140102728A KR 20140102728 A KR20140102728 A KR 20140102728A KR 1020147018531 A KR1020147018531 A KR 1020147018531A KR 20147018531 A KR20147018531 A KR 20147018531A KR 20140102728 A KR20140102728 A KR 20140102728A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- raft
- polymer
- alkyl
- flow reactor
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 346
- -1 thiocarbonylthio groups Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 251
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 125000002813 thiocarbonyl group Chemical group *C(*)=S 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 121
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 91
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 39
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012712 reversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004452 carbocyclyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000006350 alkyl thio alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004948 alkyl aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000005251 aryl acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005164 aryl thioalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005035 acylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005213 alkyl heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004468 heterocyclylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005368 heteroarylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005109 alkynylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005325 aryloxy aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005553 heteroaryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004442 acylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005108 alkenylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005257 alkyl acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005018 aryl alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005160 aryl oxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005452 alkenyloxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005671 alkyl alkenyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005741 alkyl alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005367 heteroarylalkylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 125000004149 thio group Chemical group *S* 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 178
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 71
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 47
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 23
- 125000004438 haloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 19
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 14
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 12
- 125000004644 alkyl sulfinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 11
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 11
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- KYIKRXIYLAGAKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N abcn Chemical compound C1CCCCC1(C#N)N=NC1(C#N)CCCCC1 KYIKRXIYLAGAKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 10
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 10
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 10
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexanamine Chemical compound CCCCCCN BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 102100020870 La-related protein 6 Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 108050008265 La-related protein 6 Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethyl]-2-[[1-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethylamino]-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl]diazenyl]-2-methylpropanamide Chemical compound OCCNCCNC(=O)C(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C(=O)NCCNCCO QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 7
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphinate Chemical compound [O-][PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 125000006696 (C2-C18) heterocyclyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000005133 alkynyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000007098 aminolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229920002939 poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamides) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;6-[(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)amino]hexanoate Chemical compound [Na+].COC1=CC(C(=O)NCCCCCC([O-])=O)=CC(OC)=C1OC SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-VAWYXSNFSA-N AIBN Substances N#CC(C)(C)\N=N\C(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920001774 Perfluoroether Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000005098 aryl alkoxy carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005112 continuous flow technique Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000004999 nitroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000012038 nucleophile Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000005354 acylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylphosphoric triamide Chemical compound CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- WFKDPJRCBCBQNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,2-dimethylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CNC(=O)C(C)=C WFKDPJRCBCBQNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QNILTEGFHQSKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propan-2-ylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(C)NC(=O)C=C QNILTEGFHQSKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- QLNJFJADRCOGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionamide Chemical compound CCC(N)=O QLNJFJADRCOGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 3
- 125000004181 carboxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 3
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- 125000004446 heteroarylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001786 isothiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SCVJRXQHFJXZFZ-KVQBGUIXSA-N 2-amino-9-[(2r,4s,5r)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-3h-purine-6-thione Chemical compound C1=2NC(N)=NC(=S)C=2N=CN1[C@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 SCVJRXQHFJXZFZ-KVQBGUIXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
Description
도 1은 본 발명에 따른 방법의 개략적 설명을 도시한다.
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 방법의 개략적 설명을 도시한다.
도 3은 본 발명에 따른 방법의 개략적 설명을 도시한다.
도 4는 본 발명에 따른 방법의 개략적 설명을 도시한다.
도 5는 본 발명에 따른 방법의 개략적 설명을 도시한다.
도 6은 본 발명에 따라 사용될 수 있는 RAFT 폴리머 용액을 형성하기 위한 방법의 개략적 설명을 도시한다.
도 7은 본 발명에 따라 사용될 수 있는 RAFT 폴리머 용액을 형성하기 위한 방법의 개략적 설명을 도시한다.
도 8은 폴리머 2a-e의 겔 투과 크로마토그래피를 도시하며, 검은색 그래프, 중합 이후(열분해 이전); 및 적색 그래프(흐름 열분해 이후).
도 9는 (a) 이전 및 (b) 흐름 열분해 이후, 폴리스티렌의 1H NMR 스펙트럼, 2a를 도시한다. 전환율은 티오카본일티오기에 인접한 폴리머 주쇄 내에 및 티오카본일티오기 내에 위치한 -CHR- 및 -CH3 기들 상의 프로톤 신호 α 및 β에 의해 측정되었다.
도 10은 PMMA, 2d, 흐름 열분석 이전(왼쪽) 및 이후(오른쪽)를 도시한다.
도 11은 흐름 및 배치 공정 이후 상응하는 샘플들을 티오카본일티오기 제거 이전 각 폴리머와 비교하는 (a) poly-DMA 3a, (b) poly-NIPAM 3b, (c) poly-MMA 3c, (d) 폴리스티렌 3d에 대한 GPC 크로마토그램을 도시하며; 크로마토그램 (a) 및 (b)는 DMAc GPC, THF GPC(지원 정보 참조) 상의 크로마토그램 (c) 및 (d)에 대해 측정하였고; 피크 높이들은 정규화되었다.
도 12는 (a) 이전 및 배치(b) 또는 연속 흐름 (c)에서 티오카본일티오기 제거 이후 poly-DMA, 3a의 1H 스펙트럼을 도시한다. 변환율은 티오카본일티오기에 인접한 폴리머 주쇄 내에 또는 티오카본일티오기 내에 위치한 -CH2- 기들 상의 프로톤 신호 α 및 β에 의해 측정되었다.
일부 도면들은 색 묘사 및 실체를 포함한다. 채색 버전의 도면들은 요구에 따라 이용가능하다.
폴리머 | 방법 a | 용매 | T[℃] | t[h] b | conv .[%] | M n [g/ mol ] |
PDI
[-] |
2a | FT | 톨루엔 | 220 | 1 | ~100 | 3000 | 1.15 |
TGA | - | 220 | 1 | ~100 | 3400 | 1.10 | |
2b | FT | 톨루엔 | 220 | 1 | 95 | 1500 | 1.41 |
TGA | - | 220 | 3 | 93 | 2500 | 1.28 | |
2c | FT | 톨루엔 | 250 | 1 | 87 | 7400 | 1.25 |
TGA | - | 250 | 3 | ~100 | 7900 | 1.32 | |
2d | FT | 톨루엔 | 220 | 1 | ~100 | 8300 | 1.12 |
TGA | - | 220 | 3 | ~100 | 7700 | 1.13 | |
2e | FT | 아니솔 | 250 | 1 | ~100 | 8800 | 1.16 |
TGA | - | 250 | 3 | ~100 | 9600 | 1.23 |
방법 a | 샘플 제제 b |
conv. [%] c | Mn [g/mol] (이전) d |
Mn [g/mol] (이후) d |
PDI [-] (이전) e |
PDI[-] (이후) e |
FT-1 | 워크-업 | 96 / 87 | 8300 | 7400 | 1.24 | 1.25 |
FT-2 | - | 97 / 85 | - | 7700 | - | 1.29 |
배치-1 | 워크-업 | 97 / 54 | 9900 | 9100 | 1.33 | 1.33 |
배치-2 | 워크-업 없음 | 97 / 64 | 9900 | 9200 | 1.33 | 1.33 |
배치-3 | + 모노머 | 97 / 56 | 9900 | 5100 | 1.33 | 2.23 |
폴리머 | 처리 방법 a) | 용매 b) | conv . [%] | M n c ) [g/ mol ] | PDI [-] |
3a
|
배치 흐름 |
MeCN MeCN |
~100 ~100 |
18000 18200 |
1.03 1.03 |
3b
|
배치 흐름 |
MeCN MeCN |
~100 ~100 |
22400 22800 |
1.06 1.06 |
3c
|
배치 흐름 |
톨루엔 톨루엔 |
62 66 |
8600 7500 |
1.19 1.18 |
3d
|
배치 흐름 |
톨루엔 톨루엔 |
~100 92 |
9500 9900 |
1.13 1.15 |
3e
|
배치 흐름 |
물 물 |
~100 ~100 |
11200 11700 |
1.05 1.04 |
폴리머 a) | 아민 | 유속, T 중합 | PDI | conv . b) |
PNIPAM | 쿠아드라퓨어(Quadrapure) BZA 60eq | 0.1 ml/min, 80℃ | 1.16 | ~17% |
PNIPAM | DETA 60eq + 모래 | 0.1 ml/min, 80℃ | - | ~45% |
PNIPAM | DETA 180eq + 모래 | 0.1 ml/min, 80℃ | 1.15 | ~90% |
PDMA | DETA 180eq + 모래 | 0.1 ml/min, 80℃ | 1.15 | 60% |
PDMA | 헥실아민 8eq | 0.33 ml/min, 60℃ | 1.18 | 100% |
PHPMA | DETA 180eq + 모래 | 0.1 ml/min, 80℃ | 1.14 | 90% |
폴리머 a) | 아민 | 유속(s), T 중합 , T 아미노분해 | PDI | M n [g/ mol ] | conv . amin . b) | conv . polym . c) |
PDMA | 헥실아민 1M | 2 x 0.167 ml/min, 80℃, 60℃ | 1.10 | 5304 | 100% | 90% |
PDMA | DETA 180eq + 모래 1:1 |
0.167 ml/min, 80℃, 80℃ | 1.16 | 5220 | 63% | 93% |
PNIPAM | 헥실아민 1M | 2 x 0.111 ml/min, 80℃, 60℃ | 1.08 | 6427 | 100% | 82% |
PNIPAM | DETA 180eq + 모래 1:1 |
0.111 ml/min, 80℃, 80℃ | 1.10 | 6068 | 32% | 89% |
PHPMA | 헥실아민 1M | 2 x 0.066 ml/min, 80℃, 80℃ | 1.14 | 6847 | 100% | 72% |
PHPMA | DETA 180eq + 모래 1:1 |
0.066 ml/min, 80℃, 80℃ | 1.13 | 6400 | 72% | 56% |
Claims (15)
- 흐름 반응기 속에 용매에 RAFT 폴리머를 포함하는 용액을 주입하는 단계; 및 흐름 반응기 내에서 티오카본일티오기들을 제거하는 반응을 촉진하여 반응기로부터 흘러나오는 티오카본일티오기들이 없는 RAFT 폴리머를 포함하는 용액을 형성하는 단계를 포함하는 RAFT 중합에 의해 제조된 폴리머로부터 티오카본일티오기를 제거하는 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
티오카본일티오기들을 제거하는 흐름 반응기 내의 반응은 RAFT 폴리머를 포함하는 용액의 온도를 증가시킴으로써 촉진되는 것인 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
티오카본일티오기들을 제거하는 흐름 반응기 내의 반응은 시약을 RAFT 폴리머를 포함하는 용액 속에 주입함으로써 촉진되는 것인 방법 - 제 1 항에 있어서,
티오카본일티오기들을 제거하는 흐름 반응기 내의 반응은 RAFT 폴리머를 포함하는 용액을 기판상에 지지된 시약과 접촉시킴으로써 촉진되는 것인 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
티오카본일티오기들을 제거하는 흐름 반응기 내의 반응은 RAFT 폴리머를 포함하는 용액을 조사함으로써 촉진되는 것인 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 5 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
흐름 반응기는 관 흐름 반응기의 형태인 방법. - 제 6 항에 있어서,
흐름 반응기는 모세관 흐름 반응기의 형태인 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 7 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
흐름 반응기는 RAFT 폴리머를 포함하는 용액이 통과하는 약 1mm의 내부 지름을 가진 하나 이상의 흐름 라인을 포함하는 것인 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 7 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
90%까지의 티오카본일티오기가 RAFT 폴리머로부터 제거되는 것인 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 9 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
RAFT 중합에 의해 제조된 폴리머는 하나 이상의 에틸렌으로 불포화된 모노머들, RAFT 물질, 용매 및 유리 라디칼 개시제를 포함하는 반응 용액을 흐름 반응기 속에 주입하며;
하나 이상의 에틸렌으로 불포화된 모노머들의 RAFT 중합을 촉진함으로써 용매 속에 RAFT 폴리머를 포함하는 용액을 흐름 반응기 내에 형성함으로써 형성되는 것인 방법. - 제 10 항에 있어서,
용매 속에 있는 이렇게 형성된 RAFT 폴리머는 티오카본일티오기를 제거하기 위해 반응기 흐름 내에서 반응이 진행되는 것인 방법. - 제 12 항에 있어서,
R은 선택적으로 치환된 다음으로부터 선택되며, R*의 경우에 x-가 형태의 선택적으로 치환된: 알킬, 알켄일, 알카인일, 아릴, 아실, 카보사이클일, 헤테로사이클일, 헤테로아릴, 알킬티오, 알켄일티오, 알카인일티오, 아릴티오, 아실티오, 카보사이클일티오, 헤테로사이클일티오, 헤테로아릴티오, 알킬알켄일, 알킬알카인일, 알킬아릴, 알킬아실, 알킬카보사이클일, 알킬헤테로사이클일, 알킬헤테로아릴, 알킬옥시알킬, 알켄일옥시알킬, 알카인일옥시알킬, 아릴옥시알킬, 알킬아실옥시, 알킬카보사이클일옥시, 알킬헤테로사이클일옥시, 알킬헤테로아릴옥시, 알킬티오알킬, 알켄일티오알킬, 알카인일티오알킬, 아릴티오알킬, 알킬아실티오, 알킬카보사이클일티오, 알킬헤테로사이클일티오, 알킬헤테로아릴티오, 알킬알켄일알킬, 알킬알카인일알킬, 알킬아릴알킬, 알킬아실알킬, 아릴알킬아릴, 아릴알켄일아릴, 아릴알카인일아릴, 아릴아실아릴, 아릴아실, 아릴카보사이클일, 아릴헤테로사이클일, 아릴헤테로아릴, 알켄일옥시아릴, 알카인일옥시아릴, 아릴옥시아릴, 알킬티오아릴, 알켄일티오아릴, 알카인일티오아릴, 아릴티오아릴, 아릴아실티오, 아릴카보사이클일티오, 아릴헤테로사이클일티오, 아릴헤테로아릴티오, 및 폴리머 사슬로부터 선택되는 방법. - 제 12 항에 있어서,
Z는 선택적으로 치환된 다음으로부터 선택되며, Z*의 경우에 y-가 형태의 선택적으로 치환된: F, Cl, Br, I, 알킬, 아릴, 아실, 아미노, 카보사이클일, 헤테로사이클일, 헤테로아릴, 알킬옥시, 아릴옥시, 아실옥시, 아실아미노, 카보사이클일옥시, 헤테로사이클일옥시, 헤테로아릴옥시, 알킬티오, 아릴티오, 아실티오, 카보사이클일티오, 헤테로사이클일티오, 헤테로아릴티오, 알킬아릴, 알킬아실, 알킬카보사이클일, 알킬헤테로사이클일, 알킬헤테로아릴, 알킬옥시알킬, 아릴옥시알킬, 알킬아실옥시, 알킬카보사이클일옥시, 알킬헤테로사이클일옥시, 알킬헤테로아릴옥시, 알킬티오알킬, 아릴티오알킬, 알킬아실티오, 알킬카보사이클일티오, 알킬헤테로사이클일티오, 알킬헤테로아릴티오, 알킬아릴알킬, 알킬아실알킬, 아릴알킬아릴, 아릴아실아릴, 아릴아실, 아릴카보사이클일, 아릴헤테로사이클일, 아릴헤테로아릴, 아릴옥시아릴, 아릴아실옥시, 아릴카보사이클일옥시, 아릴헤테로사이클일옥시, 아릴헤테로아릴옥시, 알킬티오아릴, 아릴티오아릴, 아릴아실티오, 아릴카보사이클일티오, 아릴헤테로사이클일티오, 아릴헤테로아릴티오, 다이알킬옥시-, 다이헤테로사이클일옥시- 또는 다이아릴옥시-포스핀일, 다이알킬-, 다이헤테로사이클일- 또는 다이아릴-포스핀일, 사이아노(즉, -CN), 및 R은 제 12 항 또는 제 13 항에서 정의한 것과 같은 -S-R로부터 선택되는 것인 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 14 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
흐름 반응기 속에 주입된 용액은 산소를 제거하기 위해 탈기되는 것인 방법.
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AU2011905215A AU2011905215A0 (en) | 2011-12-14 | RAFT polymers | |
PCT/AU2012/001542 WO2013086585A1 (en) | 2011-12-14 | 2012-12-14 | Raft polymers |
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CA2259559C (en) | 1996-07-10 | 2004-11-09 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Polymerization with living characteristics |
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JP2011160665A (ja) * | 2010-02-04 | 2011-08-25 | National Cerebral & Cardiovascular Center | 遺伝子導入剤の製造方法 |
US8946360B2 (en) * | 2010-09-22 | 2015-02-03 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Continuous flow polymerisation process |
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WO2023090656A1 (ko) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-05-25 | (주)경인양행 | 고분자의 제조 방법 |
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EP2791184A4 (en) | 2015-07-22 |
AU2012350368B2 (en) | 2016-07-07 |
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JP2015505881A (ja) | 2015-02-26 |
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EP2791184B1 (en) | 2017-04-19 |
US9650450B2 (en) | 2017-05-16 |
CN104105718B (zh) | 2017-05-10 |
CN104105718A (zh) | 2014-10-15 |
WO2013086585A1 (en) | 2013-06-20 |
CA2859073A1 (en) | 2013-06-20 |
JP6174036B2 (ja) | 2017-08-02 |
EP2791184B8 (en) | 2017-06-07 |
US20140350182A1 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
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