KR20140058532A - T-세포 활성화 억제제 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
도 2. 혼합 림프구 반응에서 BsB 에 의한 동종이계 T 세포 활성화의 억제. C57BL/6 마우스 및 LPS 처리되고 방사선 조사된 BALB/c APC 유래 미접촉(naive) T 세포들을 2일 동안 시험 구조체와 혼합하였다. 이어서 배양 배지들을 채취하고 IL-2에 대해 분석하였다. 배지에서 IL-2의 감소된 양이 나타내는 것처럼, BsB 및 CTLA-4Ig만이 T 세포 활성화를 억제하였다. 도면은 6개 이상의 독립적이지만 유사한 연구를 대표한다.
도 3. BsB 에 의한 Foxp3 + Treg 의 유도 및 IL -10 및 TGF -β 생산. (A) 동종이계 혼합 림프구 반응들은 시험 구조체 존재하에서 Foxp3-EGFP 넉-인 마우스(Foxp3-EGFP knock-in mice)에서 분리된 미접촉 CD4+CD62LhiCD25-GFP" 세포들을 이용하여, 도 2에 대한 설명에서 기술된 것처럼 구성되었다. 활성화 5일 후에, 유동 세포 분석법에 의하여 GFP 발현에 대하여 CD4+ T 세포를 분석하였다. Treg는 GFP+ 및 CD25+ 세포들로서 게이트된다(gated). BsB 처리만이 GFP 발현을 유도하였고, 이는 Foxp3+ Treg의 유도를 가리킨다(중간 왼쪽 패널). 배양 배지를 사이토카인 분석을 위해 수집하였고(오른쪽 패널), 이는 BsB 존재하에서 높은 IL-10 및 TGF-β 수준을 나타내었다. 데이터는 독립적이지만 유사한 많은 연구들을 대표한다. (B) TGF-β에 대한 차단 항체의 존재하에서 Treg 유도가 완전히 차단된다는 것은 Treg 유도를 위하여 자가분비(autocrine) TGF-β가 요구된다는 것을 나타내고, 반면에 대조군 Ab는 Treg 유도에 주목할만한 영향을 주지 않았다.
도 4. 시험관 내에서 항원-특이적 Treg 의 BsB -매개 유도. (A) 시험관내 Ova233 -339-특이적 Treg의 유도. 미접촉 OT-Ⅱ T 세포들을 0.5 ?/ml Ova233 -239 펩타이드 존재하에서 LPS-활성화 및 방사선 조사된 공통유전자(syngeneic) APC와 혼합하였다. 이어서, 대조군 mIgG2a, BsB, 및 BsB 플러스(plus) 항-TGF-β 항체(αTGF-β)를 추가하였고 지시된 대로 시험하였다(왼쪽 패널들). 세포들을 5일 동안 배양하고, 이어서 유동 세포 분석법으로 분석하기 전에 항-CD25, 항-Foxp3 항체들로 표지하였다. 배양 배지 중의 IL-2, IL-10 및 TGF-β 수준을 ELISA로 분석하였다(오른쪽 패널들). (B) 유도된 Treg 증식의 모니터링. APC와 혼합하기 전에 미접촉 OT-Ⅱ T 세포들을 CFSE로 사전에 표지한 것 이외에는 (A)에서 기술한 것과 같이 연구들을 실시하였다. 세포들은 Foxp3 및 CFSE 형광 채널 상에서 게이트되었다.
도 5. BsB -유도 Treg 의 억제 작용. (A) BsB- 또는 TGF-β 유도 Treg를 유동 세포 분석법에 의해 정제하였고 트랜스웰들(채워진 컬럼들)또는 일반 배양 웰들(해치된 컬럼들)에서 지시된 비율들로 C57BL/6 마우스로부터 제조된 CFSE-표지된 미접촉 응답자 T 세포들과 혼합하였다. T 세포 활성화를 자극하기 위하여 LPS-처리된 동종이계 BALB/c APC를 첨가하였다. 결과들(평균값+표준 편차)은, 100%로 설정된 Tresg 없는(Tresp+APC만) CFSE 희석액에 기초한, 증식 응답자 T 세포들(Tresp)의 퍼센트를 나타낸다. (B) T 세포 증식에 대한 사이토카인의 기여도를 측정하기 위하여, 항-IL-10 및 항-TGF-β 항체들을 1:1의 Tresp:Treg 비율에서 일반 배양 웰 중의 세포들에 첨가하였다. 항-TGF-β 항체는 TGF-β-유도 Treg의 억제 작용을 부분적으로 억제하였지만(왼쪽 패널), BsB-유도 Treg에는 영향을 미치지 않았다(오른쪽 패널). 도면은 독립적이지만 유사한 4개 이상의 연구들을 대표한다.
도 6. BsB 에 의한 AKT 및 mTOR 인산화의 하향 조절. 미접촉 T 세포들을 항-CD3, 항-CD28 및 BsB, 마우스 IgG(mIgG) 또는 마우스 PD-L1(mPD-L1)로 공-코팅된 둥근 바닥 96 웰 플레이트들에서 18 시간 동안 배양하였다. 활성화되지 않은 것으로 간주된 세포들은 IgG 만으로 코팅된 웰에서 배양하였다. 이어서 AKT 및 mTOR의 인산화 상태를 인산화된 AKT 및 mTOR에 대해 형광 표지된 항체들로 염색한 후 유동 세포 분석법에 의해 분석하였다. MFI 표시는 형광 강도를 의미한다. 이 도면은 3개의 독립적인 실험들 중 하나를 나타낸다.
도 7. BsB 연속 자극에 대한 반응으로 Treg 에서의 지속적인 Foxp3 발현. 둥근 바닥 96 웰 플레이트들을 항-CD3, 항-CD28 및 BsB 또는 마우스 IgG로 공-코팅하였다. Foxp3-EGFP 넉-인 마우스 유래 미접촉 T 세포들을 5시간 동안 배양하여 Treg를 유도하였고(왼쪽 패널들), 이어서 이들을 BsB-처리 세포들로부터 정제하였고(붉은 사각형), GFP+ 세포들에 대한 유동 세포 분석법에 의한 분석 전에, 상기한 것처럼, 5일 동안, 공-코팅된 웰들 중의 또 다른 배양 라운드에서 재-자극하였다. 5일 동안 마우스 IgG 대조군으로 정제된 Treg를 재-배양하는 것은 세포들 중 약 60%에서 Foxp3+ 발현의 손실을 초래하였고(상부 오른쪽 패널의 상부 오른쪽 사분면), 반면에 BsB로 재-배양된 7% 미만의 Treg는 Foxp3+ 발현능을 상실하였다(하부 오른쪽 패널의 상부 오른쪽 사분면). 이 도면은 3개의 독립적인 실험들 중 하나를 나타낸다.
도 8. 생체내 BsB 의 약물 동력학 및 생화학적 분석. (A) 마우스에서의 BsB의 약물 동력학 프로파일. 정상 C57BL/6 마우스들(n=5)에게 20 mg/kg의 BsB를 복강내 주입하였다. 혈액 샘플들을 지시된 상이한 시점에 수집하였고, BsB 수치의 수준을 ELISA를 사용하여 측정하였다. (B) BsB 및 마우스 IG2a와 FcRn의 결합(binding) 비교. FcRn을 바이아코어 칩(biacore chip)에 고정시켰다. BsB 또는 대조군 마우스 IgG2a는 다양한 농도로 칩 상에 적재되었고, 이어서 신호들을 기록하였다.
도 9. BsB 상의 아스파라긴-연결 글리코실화의 분석. Asn-연결 글리코실화 자리의 예측을 위하여 BsB의 아미노산 서열을 NetNGlyc 1.0 서버에 제출하였다. 총 10개의 Asn-연결 글리코실화 자리들(N으로 표시함)를 예측하였다; 다른 아미노산들은 점으로 나타내었다. BsB의 단당류 조성물은 또한 글리칸 푸코즈(Fuc), N-아세틸글루코사민(GlcNAc), 갈락토즈(Gal), 만노즈(Man), 시알산(N-아세틸뉴라민산)의 조성물을 측정하였다. 시알산:갈락토즈의 0.68 비율은 갈락토즈 잔기들의 1/3이 아시알로당단백질 수용체와 결합할 수 있다는 것을 가리킨다.
도 10. 후기 예방 치료 패러다임에서 비-당뇨병( NOD ) 마우스들의 BsB 치료는 제1형 당뇨병( T1D )의 발병을 지연시켰다. (A) BsB-처리된 NOD 마우스들(폐쇄 원들, n=15) 및 식염수-처리된 대조군 NOD 마우스들(폐쇄 삼각형들, n=14)의 혈액에서의 Foxp3+ Treg의 수준. 대조군 동물들에서 기록된 것보다 BsB-처리된 동물들에서의 Treg 수는 중간이지만(moderate) 유의적으로 증가하였다. (B) BsB(채워진 원들) 또는 식염수(채워진 삼각형들)으로 처리된 NOD 동물들에서 현성 당뇨병의 누적 발생률.
도 11. 초기 예방 치료 패러다임에서 NOD 마우스들의 BsB 처리는 T1D 의 발병을 지연시켰다. (A) BsB(폐쇄 원들, n=10), 식염수(폐쇄 삼각형들, n=10), CTLA-4Ig(폐쇄 사각형들, n=10) 및 마우스 IgG2a(개방 사각형들, n=10)으로 처리된 마우스들의 혈액에서의 Foxp3+ Treg의 수준. BsB 처리 2주 후에 Foxp3+ Treg의 수는 식염수 또는 mIgG2a-처리된 대조군들과 비교하여 증가하지 않았다. 그러나 CTLA-4Ig로 처리한 것은 혈액 중 Foxp3+ Treg의 수가 통계상 유의적으로 감소하였다. (B) BsB로 처리된 동물들 또는 대조군에서 현성 당뇨병의 누적 발생률. 24 주령 전에 식염수 또는 마우스 IgG2a-처리된 대조군 그룹들과 비교하여, BsB 처리는 T1D의 발병을 유의적으로 지연시켰다(p=0.04). 그러나, 연구 종료 시에 그룹들 사이에서 유의적이 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 데이터는 각 그룹에서 총 26마리의 NOD 마우스들로, 유사 결과들을 갖는 2개의 개별 연구들 중 하나를 나타낸다.
도 12. NOD 마우스들의 BsB 장기간 처리는 NOD 마우스들에서 T1D 의 발병을 유의적으로 지연시켰다. (A) BsB 처리 마우스들(n=16) 및 미처리 마우스들(n=16)에서의 현성 당뇨병의 누적 발생율. BsB 처리는 식염수로 처리된 것과 비교하여 T1D의 발생을 유의적으로 감소시켰다(p<0.01). (B) 식염수 또는 BsB로 처리된 동물들의 췌장 조직의 조직 병리학적 분석. 패널들 a~c는 H&E, 인슐린에 대한 항체, 또는 항-CD3 및 포크헤드 박스 P3(Foxp3)를 각각 갖는 비-당뇨병으로 남아있는 식염수-처리 마우스들의 부분들(section)을 나타낸다. 질병이 없는 상태인 BsB-처리 NOD 마우스들에서 유사한 관찰들이 기록되었다. 부분들 중 어느 것도 침윤(infiltration)이나 인슐린염(insulitis)의 증거를 나타내지 않았다; 몇몇 Foxp3+ Treg가 존재할 수 있다(패널 c의 화살표). 패널들 d-f는 당뇨병 NOD 동물들 유래 췌장 부분들을 나타낸다. 침습성 인슐린염은 명확하게 나타났고 인슐린-생산 β 세포들은 완전히 파괴되었다(e). 일부 CD3+ T 세포 침윤이 또한 검출되었고, Treg가 거의 없고 푸른 핵을 갖는 비-T 세포 백혈구들 다수가 함께 있었다(f). 패널들 g-i는 비-당뇨병으로 남아 있는 BsB 처리 동물들의 췌도(islet)들이 특징적인 페리-인슐린염을 나타내는 것을 보여준다. 백혈구 침윤이 나타났지만, 췌도 주변부로 제한되었다. 더욱이, 인슐린-생산 β-세포들의 주목할 만한 파괴는 없었다. 주변부의 대부분의 백혈구들은 비-T 세포들(푸른 핵)이었다. 확대된 삽입도(패널 j, i의 붉은 사각형을 나타냄)는 Foxp3+ Treg(노란색 화살표 머리)가 췌도 주변부에서 다른 CD3+ T 세포들 및 비-T 세포 백혈구들(푸른 핵)과 섞여 있다는 것을 나타내었다. 이미지들은 40x 대물렌즈로 얻었고; 삽입도는 60x 대물렌즈로 얻었고, 이어서 추가로 디지털 방식으로 3x 확대하였다.
Claims (34)
- MHC 분자 및 이중특이성 생물제제와 복합화된 항원에서 유래된 펩타이드를 제시하는 항원 제시 세포와 T 세포를 접촉시켜 T-세포의 자기내성화를 위한, 제1항 내지 제14항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 CTLA-4에 특이적인 리간드 및 pMHC 복합체에 특이적인 리간드를 포함하는 이중특이성 생물제제의 사용.
- 자가면역 질환과 이식 거부에서 선택된 질병의 치료에서의, 제1항 내지 제14항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 pMHC 복합체에 특이적인 리간드 및 CTLA-4에 특이적인 리간드를 포함하는 이중특이성 생물제제의 사용.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 자가면역 질환은 제1형 당뇨병(T1D)인, 이중특이성 생물제제의 사용.
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 CTLA-4에 특이적인 리간드는 CTLA-4에 특이적인 항체, 및 CD80(B7-1) 또는 CD86(B7-2)에서 선택되는, 이중특이성 생물제제의 사용.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 pMHC 복합체에 특이적인 리간드는 항-MHC 항체 및 LAG-3에서 선택되는, 이중특이성 생물제제의 사용.
- 제1항 내지 제5항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 CTLA-4에 특이적인 리간드와 상기 pMHC 복합체에 특이적인 리간드는 링커에 의해 떨어져 있는, 이중특이성 생물제제의 사용.
- 제6항에 있어서, 상기 링커는 폴리아미노산 서열 및 항체 Fc 도메인 중 하나 이상인, 이중특이성 생물제제의 사용.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 폴리아미노산 서열은 G9(Gly-9)인, 이중특이성 생물제제의 사용.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 CTLA-4에 특이적인 리간드는 CD80인, 이중특이성 생물제제의 사용.
- 제9항에 있어서, CD80은 CTLA-4에 대한 특이성이 증가하도록 돌연변이된 것인, 이중특이성 생물제제의 사용.
- 제10항에 있어서, CD80은 돌연변이 W84A, K71G, K71V, S109G, R123S, R123D, G124L, S190A, S201A, R63A, M81A, N97A 및 E196A 중 적어도 하나를 포함하는 인간 CD80인, 이중특이성 생물제제의 사용.
- 제11항에 있어서, CD80은 인간 CD80의 돌연변이 W84A 또는 E196A를 포함하는, 이중특이성 생물제제의 사용.
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 MHC 복합체에 특이적인 리간드는 LAG-3인, 이중특이성 생물제제의 사용.
- 제13항에 있어서, LAG-3는 pMHCⅡ에 대한 특이성이 증가되도록 돌연변이된 것인, 이중특이성 생물제제의 사용.
- 제14항에 있어서, LAG-3는 돌연변이 R73E, R75A, R75E 및 R76E 중 적어도 하나를 포함하는 인간 LAG-3인, 이중특이성 생물제제의 사용.
- 제15항에 있어서, LAG-3는 돌연변이 R75A 또는 R75E를 포함하는, 이중특이성 생물제제의 사용.
- CTLA-4에 특이적인 리간드 및 pMHC 복합체에 특이적인 리간드를 포함하는 이중특이성 생물제제.
- 제17항에 있어서, 상기 CTLA-4에 특이적인 리간드는 CTLA-4에 특이적인 항체, 및 CD80(B7-1) 또는 CD86(B7-2)에서 선택되는, 이중특이성 생물제제.
- 제17항 또는 제18항에 있어서, 상기 pMHC 복합체에 특이적인 리간드는 항-MHC 항체 및 LAG-3에서 선택되는, 이중특이성 생물제제.
- 제1항 내지 제19항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 CTLA-4에 특이적인 리간드와 상기 pMHC 복합체에 특이적인 리간드는 링커에 의해 떨어져 있는, 이중특이성 생물제제.
- 제20항에 있어서, 상기 링커는 폴리아미노산 서열 및 항체 Fc 도메인 중 하나 이상인, 이중특이성 생물제제.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 폴리아미노산 서열은 G9(Gly-9)인, 이중특이성 생물제제.
- 제18항에 있어서, 상기 CTLA-4에 특이적인 리간드는 CD80인, 이중특이성 생물제제.
- 제23항에 있어서, CD80은 CTLA-4에 대한 특이성이 증가하도록 돌연변이된 것인, 이중특이성 생물제제.
- 제24항에 있어서, CD80은 돌연변이 W84A, K71G, K71V, S109G, R123S, R123D, G124L, S190A, S201A, R63A, M81A, N97A 및 E196A 중 하나 이상을 포함하는 인간 CD80인, 이중특이성 생물제제.
- 제25항에 있어서, CD80은 인간 CD80의 돌연변이 W84A 또는 E196A를 포함하는, 이중특이성 생물제제.
- 제19항에 있어서, 상기 MHC 복합체에 특이적인 리간드는 LAG-3인, 이중특이성 생물제제.
- 제27항에 있어서, LAG-3는 pMHCⅡ에 대한 특이성이 증가되도록 돌연변이된 것인, 이중특이성 생물제제.
- 제28항에 있어서, LAG-3는 돌연변이 R73E, R75A, R75E 및 R76E 중 적어도 하나를 포함하는 인간 LAG-3인, 이중특이성 생물제제.
- 제29항에 있어서, LAG-3는 돌연변이 R75A 또는 R75E를 포함하는, 이중특이성 생물제제.
- 제17항 내지 제30항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 이중특이성 생물 제제 및 MHC 분자와 복합화된 항원으로부터 유도된 펩타이드를 제시하는 항원-제시 세포를 T 세포와 접촉시키는 단계를 포함하는, 항원에 대하여 T-세포를 내성화시키는 방법.
- 자가면역 질환 및 이식 거부에서 선택된 질병을 앓는 대상을 치료하는 방법으로서, 상기 치료를 필요로 하는 대상에게 제17항 내지 제30항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 pMHC 복합체에 특이적인 리간드 및 CTLA-4에 특이적인 리간드를 포함하는 이중특이성 생물제제를 투여하는 단계를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제32항에 있어서, 상기 이중특이성 생물제제는 추가 면역 억제제 또는 조절제와 조합하여 투여되는, 방법.
- 제32항 또는 제33항에 있어서, 상기 자가면역 질환은 제1형 당뇨병(T1D), 전신 홍반성 루프스(SLE), 류마티스성 관절염(RA), 염증성 장 질환(IBD), 궤양성 대장염(UC), 크론병(CD), 다발성 경화증(MS), 경피증, 심사성천포창(PV), 건선, 아토피성 피부염, 셀리악병, 만성 폐쇄성 폐 질환, 하시모토 갑상선염, 그레이브스병(갑상선), 쇼그렌증후군, 귈랑-바레 증후군, 굳파스튜어 증후군, 에디슨병, 베게너육아종증, 원발성 담도 경화증, 경화성 담관염, 자가면역 간염, 다발성 근육통, 레이노 현상, 측두 동맥염, 거대 세포 동맥염, 자가면역성 용혈성 빈혈, 악성 빈혈, 결절성 다발성 동맥염, 베체트병, 원발성 담즙성 간경변, 포도막염, 심근염, 류마티스성 열, 강직성 척추염, 사구체신염, 유육종증, 피부근염, 중증 근무력증, 다발성근염, 원형탈모증, 및 백반증에서 선택되는, 방법.
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2017105091A1 (ko) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-22 | 앱클론(주) | Cd80 및 cd86에 특이적으로 결합하는 항체 |
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